JPH03504535A - Sensors that detect motion parameters, e.g. impact sensors in automobiles - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Sensors that detect motion parameters, e.g. impact sensors in automobiles The present invention is a unique type of sensor, i.e. a deceleration sensor that can be tested in a specific way. and acceleration sensors, which sensors are equipped with electromagnets for testing. and a member made of ferromagnetic material. Any number of times can be achieved by using an electromagnet. The performance of the sensor can be tested both in number and at a later date, e.g. several years later. can be inspected. The principle of such a testable sensor type is several lO This type of testable sensor has been known for many years and has only recently come to light. It was made clear. United States patents US3120622, US3295355, 3664175 and 3877314, as well as European Patent EP-A-2 No. 51048 and the German Confederation published very recently (November 24, 1988) See Republic Patent No. DH-CI-3726145.

Known sensors of such testable type include, inter alia, electromagnets and ferromagnetic , a seismo body, and a ferromagnetic material or a seismo body that controls the sensor output. The spatial configuration and operation method of each switch that supplies sensor signals from the power side They differ in terms of their performance and kinematic principles.

All of these types of sensors solve the same general problems as the present application: It is. That is, the motion parameters to be detected by the sensor during movement are - e.g. For example, extremely large decelerations upon impact may actually occur at all or extremely rarely. Even if this actually occurs only in the event of impact sensors, where one sensor does not work at all or very rarely. Even though Allows you to test sensor reliability as many times as you like, thereby A task that allows sensor failures to be detected early, generally in a timely manner. It solves the problem.

Sensors that cannot be tested according to the principles described above, i.e. deceleration or acceleration. Electromagnets and ferromagnets are provided for the purpose of detecting, but later testing freely Many such sensors have already existed for quite some time, and is still on the market today.

Using electromagnets and ferromagnetic materials according to the pattern of the aforementioned publications, the above-mentioned known untestable sensors such that they become testable sensors, i.e. The sensor can then be tested as many times as you like at any point in time. Modifications are basically always possible. But in this case the problem is , to make an appropriate selection among a large number of known sensors that cannot be tested. In addition, the appropriate selection of seismic bodies, switches, and finally sensors among others In connection with the appropriate selection of kinematic as well as electrical principles such that the signal is obtained , to appropriately select electromagnets and ferromagnetic materials.

For example, non-testable sensors from Technar are already commercially available. This center The sensor is suitable as an automobile impact sensor and substantially as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 of the present application. Corresponds to the figure. It is housed in a casing having a cover D and a substrate G. The known sensor has, inter alia, two components as the actual sensor element, viz. The switch has a switch body M and a contact C. In this case, seismic body M is composed of a movable roller M, and this roller M is stretched on a holding member H. A stopper Q - is held in its rest position by a helical spring F . One end of this helical spring F is attached to a holding member H using a supporting member T. It is being In the case of an impact in the X direction, the roller M is in a predetermined second other position. The roller M is moved some distance to the stopper P, and this movement causes the roller M to move , actuates an electrical contact C and sends out a sensor signal S through this electrical contact.

Furthermore, strain gauges with piezoresistive conductors are known per se.

Furthermore, it is well known that arbitrary data can be stored in FROM; The data will not be erased even if the current supply is interrupted.

The problems specific to the present invention are as follows. In other words, it is stable for a long time without requiring two strokes. Always reliable and yet very compact and robust sensor optionally at a later date (preferably with a sensor-monitored over the entire life of an object, preferably for the entire life of a car. test) freely and reliably over and over again, e.g. in terms of its response sensitivity performance. The object of the present invention is to provide a sensor that can be used in a very clever and simple manner.

- Furthermore, in this case it is possible to ensure the highest degree of reliability of the testable sensor according to the invention. For the purpose of Tested untested, manufactured reliably as proven in production. Try to achieve as close a technical compatibility as possible with known sensors. Must be.

Is the mechanical contact of the current switch used to generate the sensor signal? Depending on whether a piezoelectric sensor element is used instead, the two It has now become clear that a similar solution to the invention exists.

Accordingly, claim 1 - Generic Reference - United States Patent U332953 This assumes No. 55.

However, the present invention is more compact, robust, and more stable for longer periods of time. It has high reliability and can be manufactured with very small components. , in which the seismic body can be held in its stationary position very easily and stably and reliably for long periods of time. It can be fixed in place.

The same object of the invention is solved by the features of claim 5. In this case, claim 5 - Generic references to U.S. Pat. No. 3,312,0622, e.g. , is assumed. However, this variation of the invention eliminates the possibility of damaging piezoelectric Ceramics or piezoelectric crystals can be avoided. In addition, piezoelectric ceramics or Piezoelectric crystals are also insulators rather than conductors, so they can handle extremely high voltages/currents. flow ratio (high internal resistance on the output side), which allows for inductive and capacitive diffusion. Highly susceptible to fault voltages from external fault sources.

With the arrangement according to claim 14, all testable types of sensors can be tested, e.g. The two above-mentioned variants of the sensor according to the invention can be very easily combined with respect to their long-term operation. and can be accurately monitored.

The sensor according to the present invention was originally developed as a shock sensor for automobiles. . However, the present invention further increases the motion parameters of any object that occurs during an accident. It has been found to have implications for all other sensors that must be detected with a certain degree of reliability. I made it clear.

The invention is therefore suitable for testing automotive sensors, but also for testing other sensors. objects such as rail vehicles, aircraft, machine tools or robots, doors, water gates and Sensor testing for linear and torsional motion and many other objects It is also suitable for

Additional features of the other claims provide additional advantages, e.g. With the configuration according to claim 2, there is no extreme deceleration of the sensor which is constructed very simply. It is possible to simulate the movement during acceleration.

This means that it is possible, for example, to simulate the behavior of a sensor in the event of a collision. However, very high reliability can be achieved as long as the sensor is in operation. Ru.

With the configuration according to claim 3, the potential required for actuating the switch is applied to the switch. can be added very easily.

With the configuration according to claim 4, the ferromagnetic material necessary for the present invention can be formed very easily and Can be installed inside the sensor.

The configuration according to claims 6.7 and 8 respectively provides a very compact sensor. The configuration is realized.

The embodiment according to claim 10 provides that 'a'a is determined in each case by the strength of the movement parameter to be determined. increase the ratio of the amplitudes of the sensor signal and the test sensor signal, thereby increasing the The sensitivity of the sensor can be improved.

Furthermore, an arrangement according to claim 11 provides that the poles of the electromagnet on one side and the ferromagnetism on the other side are The distance to the body can be made very small even while the Seismo body is in a resting position. Ru.

Further, with the configuration according to claim 12, the sensor test is continuously performed many times on the target object. over the entire period in which it is connected to the Only one can be carried out.

With the configuration according to claim 13, the degree of aging of the sensor can be continuously measured very easily. can do.

With the configuration according to claim 15, long-term operation can be monitored very easily and very accurately. can do.

A configuration according to claim 16 provides for example different linear movement directions and/or pairs. sensors for various forms of motion, such as rotating around various axes of rotation of the object. Sensitivity can be tested.

Furthermore, the configuration according to claim 17 allows the simulation of the specific motion form in each case. However, testing the sensor with respect to different motion parameters is Despite this, a very simple sensor configuration can be realized.

The invention and its configuration will be explained in detail below based on an embodiment shown schematically in the drawings. explain.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an acceleration sensor/deceleration sensor equipped with a flexible plate; FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an acceleration/deceleration sensor with a semiconductor diaphragm. In this case, for clarity purposes, the retaining member and the electrical sensor signal generated The current line for transmitting the signal is not written, and furthermore, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the object to which the sensor is attached, that is, a car; Figure 94 has a switch or contact operated by a roller-like seismic body. A diagram showing one embodiment of a sensor according to the invention, Fig. 5 is an oblique view of the embodiment of Fig. tJ4 with the cover removed; In this case, the electromagnet to be installed according to the invention is omitted, and furthermore: FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, with the The coiled spring supports a roller-shaped seismic body in its rest position, as shown in Fig. 7. is a diagram showing an example in which the helical spring shown in FIG. 6 is in an extended state; Figure 8 shows that the seismic body shown in Figures 4 and 6 is statically static due to the magnetic field of the electromagnet. It is a diagram schematically showing the principle of movement from a stop position to another position between the magnetic poles of an electromagnet. ,moreover, FIG. 9 shows the position of the electromagnets in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 2 is a diagram viewed from an angle to explain one example.

In this case all figures are respectively representative of sensor embodiments, j [in figures 1 to 3 H/ E/ to /W, or from figure 114 to jI9 figure H/E/ (K/W=M/ to /C ), or a part of those examples. The sensor changes the movement pattern each time. In order to detect the parameter, for example, an object, i.e. a car, 0-113 see figure- used to detect acceleration, deflection and/or torsion of therefore Shock sensor for detecting a shocking acceleration and/or deceleration of an intensity of e.g. a car in the event of an impact, a part of the sensor may e.g. The Izumo bodies M to K are moved, for example, in the direction X in FIG. 11th Lj Figure 12, M4m~ll6yJ and jl! Seismo body M in figure 8 and 's9 figure to K in the direction of motion See also direction of motion X'.

Each sensor has a holding member H, through which the sensor is attached to the object 0. can be attached.

Please refer to Figure 1 and Figures N4 to 6 and 9 (for clarity). This holding member H is not shown in Figures 2, 7, and 8 for the purpose of In this case, when the original sensor member X' is generated, the holding member H is The sensor member is connected to a small number of the plurality of connection terminals A (via one terminal). Then, an electric sensor signal S is sent out. Regarding this, see Figure 1 and M4~I See Figures 6 and 9 (for clarity, see Figures 2, 7 and 9). 8 does not show the extraction of this sensor signal S).

The actual sensor emits an electrical sensor signal when a corresponding movement X or X' occurs. In the case of the present invention, the support member W or M/KlC itself is in accordance with claims 1.5 and 14. In principle, it can be configured arbitrarily within the defined range. therefore It is also possible to use sensors that are widely known, but according to the invention At least one electromagnet E and at least one ferromagnetic body K are additionally attached. It is. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

In Figure 1, a meander-shaped conductor with piezoresistive characteristics is used as an example. can be formed by membrane technology or compact conductors or by using strain gauges. It is possible to

In the case of m; in FIG. 2, the holding member H is omitted for the purpose of greater clarity; This retaining member holds other components of the sensor or Therefore, this is an example in which other components of the sensor are directly or indirectly supported. and equipped with a silicon frame Z/thin piezoresistive silicon diaphragm W. A configuration using a silicone holding member Z is adopted.

In this case, if a corresponding movement 1 occurs, for example in the direction In order to amplify the vibration amplitude of the yaphram W, that is, to increase the sensitivity of this sensor. In the center of the diaphragm, for example, a suzumo vibration system M made of silicon is installed. It is attached.

For the other sensor embodiments shown in FIGS. 4-9, Techna The original sensor component, such as the sensor from Company R, consists of an electrical switch with contact C. and in the event of a corresponding movement X, i.e. a shock for example, this sensor It is activated by the Izumo body M to send out a sensor signal S.

However, according to the invention, at least one electromagnet - 1.2. See Figure 4.8.9 - and at least one ferromagnetic material - Sections 1.2.4 to 6. 8.9 - is additionally installed as follows. That is, this ferromagnetic A test current pulse knee flows through the electromagnet E when the body K flows through the electromagnet E, e.g. or the sensor in such a way as to simulate a corresponding movement of the sensor under the action of the reference. The electromagnet and A ferromagnetic material is additionally attached. As long as the resensor is normal, , that is, a test sensor signal is generated unless the sensor is faulty.

Therefore, the sensor member W to M//C held by the holding member H is According to the invention, one can be fixed directly or indirectly, for example mechanically, is connected to a ferromagnetic material K via a lever, a lever and/or a lever. In this case, this ferromagnetic material can be converted into a compact seismic body M-Nil as required. .

See Figures 4 to 6 and Figure 8.9 - alternatively, e.g. of Figure 2 of sufficient thickness. It also plays a role in the magnetic layer.

Furthermore, the sensor has few (and only one) electromagnet E, which is e.g. For example, it can be mechanically attached directly to the holding member H - for example in Section 1.2.4. 8.9 See Figure 9 - Furthermore, this electromagnet can can be energized by a test current pulse with a certain strength and a given course. be. This test current pulse I is applied in each case to a predetermined magnetic field, i.e. generates a magnetic field that is configurable in terms of strength and time course; The magnetic field is applied to the ferromagnetic material K even if it is attached to the holding member H or Even if object 0 remains stationary, the test current pulse ni will cause the corresponding movement of object 0. It acts to simulate the movement. In other words, the test current pulse I is applied to a ferromagnetic material. K is caused to move in the magnetic field, so that sensor member W or M/ of /C is caused to move in the magnetic field. A corresponding movement and/or deformation takes place, so that a test sensor signal S is emitted. is triggered. The invention thus provides a predetermined strength and The purpose of the test can be determined by using a test current pulse with a predetermined profile. The sensor signal S can be generated by simulating the predetermined movement of the object 0. can rate. Moreover, this is a sensor H/E//W or H/E/M /KlC itself is not even if it is not already attached to object 0; already carried out when the sensor is pre-tested, e.g. during its manufacture, during final testing. be exposed.

However, even if the sensor is already attached to object 0, e.g. Inspect whether the sensor signal S, more precisely, the test sensor signal S, is transmitted without problems. This allows you to monitor whether the sensor is still functioning satisfactorily with sufficient sensitivity. This sensor can be tested at any point in time and over and over again to I can do it.

In this case, the time course of the aforementioned motion in the magnetic field of the ferromagnetic material and the maximum The amplitude depends only on the time course and strength of the test current pulse. It also depends on the time course characteristics and strength of the associated current on the input side of electromagnet E. The above-mentioned profile and maximum amplitude of zero ferromagnets in the also depends on, for example, the shape, size, and magnetic properties of ferromagnets; The shape and strength of the generated magnetic field, the structure of electromagnet E, and the electromagnet for ferromagnetic material K. It also depends on the spacing of E. Furthermore, the spring constant of the flexible plate B in Fig. 1 or the semiconductor da The spring constant of the earphragm W, or as shown in Figures 4 to 7 and 9. Like the spring constant of spring F, it also depends on the spring constant of the elastic member in the sensor. In this case, the sensor member W is attached on the flexible plate B in Fig. 1. According to FIG. 2, the seismic body M is mounted on the semiconductor diaphragm W. A ferromagnetic material K is further attached thereon. Furthermore, ferromagnetic material The above-mentioned movement characteristics and maximum amplitude of Exists. Therefore, according to the invention, the spring constant and/or the spring bias The sensitivity of each type of sensor can be adjusted as needed in each case by Settings can be adjusted or selected.

Furthermore, the present invention allows in principle to change the structure of the sensor, i.e. For example, with a piezoelectric conductor W, for example a strain gauge W, mounted on the strainer plate B. For example, the sensor of Fig. 1 based on the principle of a flexible plate or a piezoresistive diaphragm W The semiconductor motion sensor according to FIG. 2 is equipped with an electric sensor when a corresponding motion occurs. It can be selected as the original sensor member W capable of transmitting the signal S. In addition, the Embodiments of the sensor with a seismic body and a contact point C shown in FIGS. 4 to 9 See also

The basic idea of the invention is that at least one electromagnet E and at least one By using the ferromagnetic material K, the sensor H/E//W or the object O can be The goal is to simulate the motion of The goal is to be able to give back. This increases sensor sensitivity and reliability. This makes it possible to detect sensor failures at an early stage. However, - Generally, at appropriate times, the sensor can be repaired or replaced as necessary. can.

For clarity purposes, Figures 1 and 2 and Figures 4.8.9 Only one electromagnet E is shown in and, but only one electromagnet E It is often very advantageous to not just attach the sensor to the sensor. , that is, instead of just one electromagnet, they are excited separately from each other by test current pulses. Several magnetic electromagnets E can be installed, in which case the test current pulse , each time it excites the electromagnet E, various movements of the sensor or object 0 occur. Form - e.g. different linear directions of movement, i.e. lines located perpendicular to each other and/or different axes of torsional motion. I can do it. In this way, the sensitivity of the sensor to various forms of motion can be adjusted. By using various electromagnets E, they can be connected to each other separately or individually as required. can be tested simultaneously.

If multiple electromagnets E of this type are attached to each sensor, the sensor The member W or M//C is not a plurality of ferromagnetic materials, but only one ferromagnetic material K. It can be mechanically attached to or connected to.

In this case, the single ferromagnetic material mentioned above is They are arranged so that they each move differently, for example, when one electromagnet so that it moves in the X direction, and is further moved perpendicular to the X direction by the other electromagnet. It is arranged to move. Therefore, referring to Figures 1 and 2, this If two separate electromagnets E are installed in these two embodiments, one Example 0: The electromagnet moves the ferromagnetic material K in the X direction, and the other electromagnet moves it in the other direction. For example, a test of this type may be mounted at various positions on the object O - see Figure 3. It is also possible to measure the rotational movement of the object O using several possible sensors. Furthermore, we similarly tested the performance of this sensor for detecting sudden rotations of objects. can be done. By means of the test current pulse l introduced into the electromagnet E in this way, , different motion forms of the sensor or object O are simulated. This is strong The magnetic material causes in each case a special motion that belongs only to the electromagnet E mentioned above. This is for the purpose of In this way a very simple sensor with very little cost The structure allows testing the sensitivity of the sensor to various forms of movement at any time. can be

Moreover, sensor H/E//W or H/E/M//C is connected to object 0. - see Figure 3 - the sensor is connected to a ferromagnetic material and one The electromagnet E or several electromagnets E are connected to the object during the entire period when the sensor is connected to the object. It can be held continuously for a long time. In this way, in principle, the object O and at least the sensor is connected to the object O the sensor for the aforementioned motion parameters of the object 0 continuously over and over again. The sensitivity of can be tested using a test current pulse I. In this case, By installing only one electromagnet E, usually only one motion parameter By installing multiple electromagnets E for each sensor, it is possible to detect Different motion parameters can be configured separately from each other and/or identically as required. Sometimes they can be detected together.

The aforementioned sensor is configured to move in a particular direction, e.g. shall be suitable for detecting sudden linear movements in For example, when used as a shock sensor, the test current pulse Accordingly, it is possible to simulate sudden and linear sensor movements X or X'. In this case, for example, testing of impact sensors for automobiles It can also be an object - see Figure 3 - or, for example, another corresponding object O. The object can also be a sensor for a robot, for example An arm or an arm of a manipulator whose object ○ is different in degree. It is irrelevant whether it is controlled automatically or manually. Ru. This type of sensor is also used in automobiles, for example, when triggering an airbag activation device. used as a triggering means and/or as a triggering means of a belt fastening device; - Even if the car O is stationary, one electromagnet E and a ferromagnetic material K are used. This simulates sensor behavior in the event of extreme acceleration or deceleration. can be started. In other words, even if the car 0 is stopped, there is no protection against impact conditions. sensor can be tested.

It is generally advantageous to use the invention in accordance with the invention - for example in a car airbag trigger In one shock sensor used as a stage, triggered by a test current pulse The test sensor signal S that is generated does not actually ignite the airbag detonator; It is obvious that care must be taken to prevent the airbag from inflating. this purpose During the sensor test period, the test sensor signal S is applied to the airbag detonation building. The air transmission can be interrupted by one or more switches.

From the above description, the test current pulse can be repeated many times, and further tests can be performed. The test sensor signal S generated by the current pulse I is connected to the sensor H, /E /W It can be used to repeatedly test the performance of H/E/M/C. It is clear that it can be done. Therefore, this repeated sensor test This guarantees very high reliability of the sensor. Because in the sensor This is because damage to the sensor is discovered in good time; The reliability itself can be checked continuously over the entire lifetime of the sensor. can.

The test sensor signal S is passed through an A/D converter to a retainable memory, i.e. to some Once the characteristic FROM--e.g. EEFROM--is carried out repeatedly tests can be very accurate and convincing. In this case, in PROM is sent at least once, e.g. during the first/initial test. The test sensor signals obtained are correspondingly digitized and stored. Furthermore, the sensor During testing, test sensor signals are used to better detect aging. A test voltage is sent each time to excite the electromagnet E to generate the signal S. The amplitude of the flow pulse and/or the minimum amplitude value required in each case can be determined more or less precisely. can be measured and stored together in the aforementioned PROM. can. The above-mentioned minimum amplitude value of the test current pulse Whether the size of Asuka and/or Seismo body M has changed or the member The ferromagnetic properties of the magnetic material may deteriorate due to aging, damage, or wear over time. In addition, in the PROM, the latest Instead of storing only the test sensor signal S, it can be sent during multiple preceding tests. At least some of the emitted test sensor signals S are simultaneously processed without erasing them. For example, during regular inspections at a factory, if you memorize the Operation can be monitored very precisely.

The very simple and compact construction of the sensor allows for a large number of conceivable tests, e.g. Among impossible types of sensors, sensors that originally have an hour wheel and a compact configuration This can also be achieved by selecting . At that time, the piezoresistive conductor or, for example, as in the configurations shown in FIGS. 4 to 9. A sensor member is used to develop a contact or switch controlled by a seismic body. It turned out to be quite suitable.

In this case, when the sensor member W (see FIG. 1) is attached to the flexible plate B, or If the sensor member W itself is composed of such a flexible plate B, acceleration and/or or deceleration becomes very simple to measure. Note that the sensor member W itself is composed of a flexible plate B. If the free end of the flexible plate B is and one ferromagnetic material via one spring and/or at least one lever. It is connected. This type of sensor has a spring constant related to the deflection of the deflection plate B. By selecting appropriate values, extremely high sensitivity can be achieved.

Furthermore, the sensor member W can also be composed of a semiconductor diaphragm (see Figure 2). The resistance value when the diaphragm W vibrates is the resistance value in front of the sensor or object O. This is a measure of the movement described above. The performance measured by this type of semiconductor sensor member W The motion mode is usually acceleration or deceleration. formed by a semiconductor diaphragm In the case of this type of sensor member W, the ferromagnetic material K is directly or indirectly connected to the semiconductive material. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the diaphragm It can be installed almost in the center of W. This type of semiconductor diaphragm sensor part Material W is very compact. the respective strength of the movement parameter to be measured In order to further increase the amplitude ratio of the sensor signal to the In order to further increase the vibration of the diaphragm W, a seismic body is used to amplify the vibration of the diaphragm. M is attached to the part of the diaphragm W that vibrates well. Referring to Fig. 2, the seismic body M can be attached to the center of the diaphragm W. This kind of size motor body M can also be attached, for example, to the part of the flexible plate B shown in Fig. 1 that vibrates well. .

In addition, if the seismo body M itself is made of a ferromagnetic material, that is, the seismo body When M itself is made of a ferromagnetic material, the configuration of this type of sensor having a seismic body M is as follows. It becomes very compact (see also figure 'M1).

Furthermore, smaller and lighter electromagnets E can also be used.

FIGS. 4 to 9 show the inventive version of the Technar sensor, which is known per se. The present invention therefore relates to embodiments of the present invention constructed. Further to these drawings The example shown illustrates that the arrangement according to the invention can also be applied to known sensors. This is shown by

In this case, the sensor member has a seismic body, and the seismic body is While the movement to be done is occurring, it is moved to some other position, and such movement Therefore, the electrical contacts of the electrical switch - see 〇 - touch or move, thereby causing this The switch is activated. Advantageously, this switch has a binary sensor signal S. Alternatively, the signal pulse S is sent out.

FIG. 4 shows a configuration of the present invention equipped with an electromagnet E, and the magnetic field of this electromagnet Therefore, the seismic body M moves from its rest position, that is, from the stopper Q to the stopper P. (See also Figures 5 and 6). During this move, the The sumo body M contacts the contact point C and presses the contact point to position C'. rhinoceros Such contact between the zumo body M and the contact point C triggers the sending of the sensor signal S. be done.

Further, in FIG. 4, an ohmic resistance R is shown.

This resistor is inserted into the current path of the sensor signal S, and the current of the sensor signal S is It plays the role of a limiting protective resistance R. In other words, the current of the sensor signal S mentioned above is , in the case of the illustrated embodiment, resistor R1 conductive support member T and conductive helix through the spring F - see also eg Fig. 6 - and the seismic body It flows around M to the point where spring F makes contact with contact C. Furthermore, this current , in this embodiment, flows along the extension of the elastic contacts C/C', and here Then, the current flows further to the external connection terminal of the two-pole sensor signal connection terminal (see S). Since the helical spring F is constructed and selected as in the embodiment of Simply push the size motor body M, which is normally in a resting position, toward the stopper Q using the pie scan. In addition, it also plays the role of a component of the switch F/C. This thing is This will be explained in more detail later, based on, for example, FIG.

Although it is not shown in FIG. 4 for the purpose of creating a gap.

A special rail inside the cover 〇 allows the Seismo body M to be pushed upward towards the cover 〇. This prevents Seismo body M from being forced into the position shown by the arrow in Figure 4. some movement from the rest position - see Q - to the other position - see P - along the path be done.

According to the invention, the known sensor from Tchnar is modified as follows, for example: There is. That is, an electromagnet E and a ferromagnetic material that can be moved by its magnetic field are attached. The ferromagnetic material is then subjected to a test sensor signal S under the action of a magnetic field. Riga. It should be noted that for this purpose, the ferromagnetic core K is, for example, made of ceramic or is installed coaxially inside a roll-shaped seismic body M made of plastic. , the seismic body M or a part thereof may be formed of a ferromagnetic material. (see Figures 4 to 6 and Figures 8 and 9), and further according to the present invention. , the electromagnet E is installed in the sensor as follows (see Sections 4.5.8 and 4.5.8). 8.9), i.e., the magnetic field of the electromagnet is partially affected by the test current pulse (see Fig. 8.9). Reference - A ferromagnetic body K, together with a sizeable body M connected to this ferromagnetic body, has a size A part of the switch F/C is moved to the position where the switch F/C is activated by contact of the contact C. 6.9 See Figure 9 - Electromagnet E is installed in the sensor so that it can be moved. The contacts serve as components of an electrical switch - see F/C, so they are not serviceable. By moving the Izumo body M in the direction X, the test current pulse to generate a test sensor signal S. Therefore, the test current pulse E is the electromagnet E In addition, this causes the test sensor signal S to correspond to the corresponding signal output of the sensor. If sent out from the side, the eccentricity of the sensor will be revealed. In that case, on the contrary , at least the aforementioned test current pulse itself is a sensor that operates without problems. If this test current pattern is strong enough to generate a test sensor signal S, If the pulse ■ does not generate the test sensor signal S, this will cause the sensor to fail. is detected.

Instead of configuring the entire seismo body M or its core K as a ferromagnetic material, The additional ferromagnetic material can be attached by first separating it from the seismic body M. In this case, according to the invention, this ferromagnetic material is Alternatively, it can be actuated on the aforementioned seismic body M via a lever. did Therefore, in order to generate the test sensor signal S, the magnetic field of the electromagnet E must be a seismic body. On the other hand, it only acts indirectly through this ferromagnetic material K. like this , the seismic body M in the rest position is quite far away from the small magnetic field. Even if this small magnetic field has a significantly small spatial extent, It can still act strongly against Seismo body M.

For example, by using the helical spring F shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 to 9, The aforementioned roller-like size allows the Izumo body to be held in its resting position. The minimum deceleration/minimum acceleration of the motor body M at rest is determined by a predetermined spring bias. The degree depends on the size of the spring pie spacing mentioned above. In other words, the deceleration/acceleration is If there is a slight Therefore, the sensor signal S is not generated.

The aforementioned helical spring F attached to the seismic body M has already formed a ferromagnetic material K. In this case, it is also possible to completely remove the entire sensor except for the electromagnet E itself. There is no need for the body to have any more ferromagnetic material.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the aforementioned sensor can be tested as many times as desired. Ru. This is because the helical spring F, which forms the ferromagnetic material K by itself, The spring moves, for example, as if it were being wound, and as a result, the seismic body M moves to the other position. actuated by the magnetic field of the electromagnet E in such a way that it moves and produces a test sensor signal S. This is because you will be robbed.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, the contact C is located in the hole V of the helical spring F. installed (see Figures 4.5 and 9 and especially Figure 7), the seat If this helical spring F is conductive, for example made of metal, It can be placed at a predetermined potential. Furthermore, make this helical spring F into the following shape. be able to. That is, during a given movement of the seismic body M, the helical spring F - more precisely A portion of the helical spring F placed at a predetermined potential comes into contact with the conductive contact C, and the As a result, a sensor signal S is formed, and the current flowing through the contact C and the helical spring F is It can be shaped as it appears. Furthermore, for example, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, The coiled spring F also has a portion wound somewhat around the roller-shaped seismic body M. be able to. In this case, the mentioned part of the helical spring F is furthermore a unique contact surface. You can also serve a special extension part as a special extension part, and the side of this extension part should be connected to contact point C when moving. Contact. Regarding this, the description regarding the diameter of the seismic body M shown in FIG. 6, and the solved length corresponding to the circumference of the seismo body shown in Figure 7. See also the related notes.

Typically for sensors of this type, the seismic body - see M - itself is and/or It is also tested when a movement occurs that is attached to this seismic body and is to be detected. Components that are also in motion - see F - have electrically conductive planes - see F - as contact surfaces. , which is placed at a predetermined potential when the sensor is activated. In this case, before Both the contact surface mentioned above (refer to FF) and its contact point (refer to C) are components of the switch. Therefore, this switch can be actuated by the seismic body and the movement to be detected is The sensor signal S or the test sensor signal is Supply or generate S. Conductive contact surface moved by Seismo body M By utilizing the sensor C/F in this way, the sensor C/F reference mentioned above can be made very easily. It can be configured as follows.

In FIG. 9, an electromagnet E is connected to a seismic body M, a helical spring F, a contact C, and a support member T. Here's another view from an angle to see how they are arranged three-dimensionally. Shown schematically. In this example, the test current pulse I causes the electromagnet E to As long as there is a magnetic field between the poles that pulls the ferromagnetic material K into the gap of the electromagnet, the size The magnet M is drawn into the gap of the electromagnet E by its ferromagnetic material K as shown in Figure 8. It will be done. The advantage of a flat helical spring F is that for the embodiment shown in FIG. The roller-shaped seismic body M is sufficiently drawn into the gap without being tilted. That's true. This is because the flat and relatively wide helical spring F allows the roller to The axis of the seismic body M of the shape enters the gap due to the parallel movement of the roller axis in the lateral direction. This is because instead of movement, additional twisting is avoided.

Furthermore, M98! ! 1, the casing D/G is omitted and the holding member H is partially attached. In order to be able to operate according to the invention by omitting the It is very clearly shown how the voids are provided. In other words, Sen With respect to the position of the electromagnet in the sensor, the air gap of this electromagnet E with respect to the seismic body M The position of is smaller than the spatial position of the electrical winding and magnetic core in electromagnet E. is important. For example, it is therefore advantageous if the seismic body M produces the test current pulse I. The electromagnet is moved in a predetermined manner during use to generate a sensor signal S in the adjusted state. Basically, as long as the air gap E is installed next to the seismic body M, the electromagnet E can be It can also be provided at an entirely different location within the sensor.

Note that ferromagnetic materials can be used in vacuum at least under certain conditions, such as at a certain temperature. An object that has a magnetic permeability significantly higher than that of Indeed, high permeability ferromagnets and ferromagnets by associating them with predetermined conditions under which the magnetic flux occurs and changes. In the case of this application, which often distinguishes between ferrite and ferrite, it is always described as a “ferromagnetic” material. but in this case they have a high permeability compared to vacuum under normal sensor conditions. In the present invention, the above-mentioned "two ferrite bodies" are also meant as long as they have magnetic properties. In other words, according to the present invention, 'ferrite' bodies and 'ferromagnetic' bodies are verbally distinct. The above-mentioned Always use only the expression "ferromagnetic" for all objects with high magnetic permeability. There is.

FIG 6 international search report international search report

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. The motion parameters of the object (O) that occur during an accident, e.g. Sensors for detecting deceleration, acceleration, deflection and/or torsion (Figs. 4 to 9) H, E, M, K, C) - For example, triggers the activation device of the airbag of a car (O) An impact sensor comprising: The holding member (H) and the original sensor member (M/K) held by the holding member (H) /C), a seismic body (M), members (F, K), and an electromagnet (E) with a gap and In this case, the sensor is attached to the object (O) via the holding member (H). Furthermore, the original sensor member (M/K/C) is connected to the movement to be detected. When a movement occurs, an electric sensor signal (S) is sent out, and the size The motion body (M) is detected when a movement to be detected occurs - for example during a collision - and during a test. , the sensor is moved somewhat to another predetermined position during the If the Izumo body touches the electrical contact (C) of the electrical current switch or Move the gas contact, which activates the current switch (C), and then The members (F, K) are made of ferromagnetic material or are at least made of ferromagnetic material. a part (K) made of a magnetic material, in which case said members (F, K) , is the same as the seismo body (M), or is the same as the seismo body (M) The electromagnet (E) is mechanically coupled directly or indirectly, and further includes: It is held by the holding member (H), and the bracket has a predetermined strength and a predetermined elapsed characteristic. When excited by a test current pulse (I) with so as to be attracted to the member (F, K), Furthermore, the electromagnet ( The magnetic field in the air gap of E) sends out a test sensor signal (S) through a current switch (C). Move the Seismo body (M) until it reaches or exceeds the position where it operates. Even if an external sensor (H, E, M , K, C), even if the holding member (H) does not move, the parts By suction of the material (K), the test current pulse (I) is applied to the -sensor (H, E, M, K, C ) connected or not connected to - the movement to be detected in the object (O) The dimensions of the electromagnet (E) and the members (F, K) are adjusted to simulate the dynamic parameters. For sensors for which the law is selected, When the sensor is at rest, the seismo body (M) is held at its resting position by the helical spring (F). The roller (M) is held in place (Figs. 4 to 9), and The material (K) is the same as the roller (M) and/or is attached to the roller (M). (helical spring F), and the roller (M) is It is designed to be directly attracted into the gap of the electromagnet (E) by the strike current pulse. A sensor for detecting motion parameters of an object (O) that occurs during an accident, characterized by Nsa. 2. A member (K) is attached to the shaft of the roller (M) (4th, 5th, 6th, 8th Figure) The sensor (H, E, K, W) according to claim 1. 3. Seismo body (M) itself and/or attached to it is detected. is moved by the seismic body (M) when a movement to be done occurs and during a test. The component (F) has an electrically conductive flat surface as a contact surface (F), in which case the contact surface A potential is applied to the sensor during operation, and the contact surface (F) is also in contact. As point (C) is also part of the current switch that can be actuated by the seismic body (M) The sensor (H, E, K, W) according to claim 3. 4. A spiral panel (F) can be attracted by a member (K) or an electromagnet (E). Any one of claims 1 to 3, which constitutes one of a plurality of members (F, K). The sensor (H, E, K, W) described in item 1 above. 5. The motion parameters of the object (O) that occur during an accident, e.g. Sensors that detect deceleration, acceleration, deflection and/or twist (Figs. 1 to 3) H, E, K, W) - for example, triggers the activation device of the airbag of a car (O) A shock sensor, the sensor includes: A holding member (H) and the original piezoelectric sensor portion held by the holding member (H). Bending member material (B, W/K) with material (W), Seismo body (K) and member (K) and an electromagnet (E) having a gap, In this case, the sensor is attached to the object via the holding member (H), Furthermore, the bending member material (B, W/K) itself is An electric sensor signal (S) is transmitted by the deflection, and the seismic body (K) when a movement to be detected occurs - for example during a collision - and during the test. The bending members (B, W/M/K) act to bend, and this bending causes the sensor signal to (S), and the member (K) is made of a ferromagnetic material. or at least have a portion made of ferromagnetic material, Furthermore, the member (K) is the same as the seismic body (K), or the member (K) When the bending member (B/W/M/K) moves, the sensor signal (S) is deflected. directly or indirectly mechanically coupled to the seismic body (K) so that Further, the electromagnet (E) is held by a holding member (H), Furthermore, said electromagnet (E) is configured to produce a test current having a predetermined strength and a predetermined profile. When excited by the pulse (I), the member (K) crosses the air gap and bends in each case. Suction the member (K) so as to bend the material (B, W/M/K) in the target bending direction. so that Furthermore, even if external - e.g. object (O) - sensors (H, E, M, K, W) Even if the holding member (H) does not move because there is no mechanical action on the member (K), The test current pulse (I) was connected to the sensor (H, E, K, W) by suction. Or not connected - the motion parameters to be detected in the object (O) The dimensions of the electromagnet (E) and the members (F, K) are selected to simulate the formation. At Nsa, The sensor member (W/K) is a piezoresistive conductor (W). sensor (first sensor) that detects the motion parameters of the object (0) that occurs during an accident. Figures 1 and 2). 6. The piezoelectric sensor member (W) has a strain gauge (W) (first Figure) The sensor (H, E, K, W) according to claim 5. 7. The bending member (B) is a flexible plate (B), and at the free end of the flexible plate (B), The sensor according to claim 5, wherein the member (K) is attached directly or indirectly. Sa (H, E, K, W). 8. 8. A sensor according to claim 7, wherein the flexible plate (B) itself is piezoresistive. H, E, K, W). 9. The sensor member (W/M/K) has a semiconductor diaphragm (W), and the sensor member (W/M/K) has a semiconductor diaphragm (W). When the earphragm vibrates, its resistance value changes the motion parameter, e.g. acceleration/deceleration. furthermore, the member (K) is directly or indirectly attached to the semiconductor die. Claim (Fig. 2) that can be attached to a vibrating part of the yaphram (W) 5. Sensor (H, E, K, W). 10. In order to amplify the vibration, the seismic body (M) can vibrate the diaphragm (W). The sensor (H, E, K, W) according to claim 9, wherein the sensor (H, E, K, W) can be attached at a location where the sensor can be mounted. 11. Member (K) - or multiple members (K) if provided. at least one of the members (K) of via the bar and/or via at least one spring (F) The sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which acts on the body (M). Sa (H, E, K, W). 12. All periods during which the sensor (H, E, K, W) is connected to the object (O) Claims 1 to 11, wherein the member (K) and the electromagnet (E) are included throughout. The sensor according to any one of items (H, E, K, W). 13. Required in each case to generate the test sensor signal (S) in the case of a test The minimum amplitude of the test current pulse (I) that excites the electromagnet (E) is substantially The sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the sensor ( H, E, K, W). 14. Motion parameters of the object (O), such as deceleration, acceleration, and deflection of the object (O) Sensors for detecting bending and/or twisting (H, E, and K, W, or H, E, M, K, C in Figures 4 to 9, and W = M/K/C) - For example, impact sensors (H, E) that trigger the activation device of the airbag of a car (O) , M, K, C)-, and the sensor includes: A holding member (H) and the original sensor member (W) held by the holding member (H). , a seismic body (K), a member (K), and an electromagnet (E) having a gap are provided. has been A sensor is attached to the object (O) via the holding member (H), and said sensor member (W) is activated by an electric sensor when said movement to be detected occurs; Furthermore, the seismic object (K) should be detected. If a movement occurs - for example during a collision - and during testing, the sensor signal (S) and the member (K) is made of a ferromagnetic material. or at least a portion made of a ferromagnetic member, and further includes a portion made of a ferromagnetic member. (K) is the same as the seismic body (M), or the member (K) is directly or directly on the seismic body (M) so that the sensor signal (S) is triggered when The electromagnet (E) is indirectly mechanically connected to the holding member (H). A test current pulse is maintained and has a given strength and a given course. When excited by the base (I), it is attracted to the member (K) across the gap each time. sea urchin, Furthermore, even if external - for example, object (O) - sensors (H, E, K, W) Even if the holding member (H) does not move because there is no mechanical action to 13, a test current pulse ( I) - connected or not connected to the sensor (H, E, K, W) - versus The motion parameters to be detected in the object (O) are simulated. In the sensor, Test current pulses are used to repeatedly check the performance of the sensors (H, E, K, W). Let (I) be repeated from time to time, Furthermore, the test sensor signal (S) is sent to the PROM--for example, through an A/D converter. EEPROM-, and The test sensor signal (S) sent during the first test is stored in the PROM. A motion pattern of an object (O) characterized by being digitized and stored. sensor for detecting the parameters. 15. A test sensor signal is stored in the PROM to be sent during a later test. 15. The cell according to claim 14, wherein the cell also stores at least some of the numbers (S). Nsa (H, E, K, W). 16. The holding member (H) supports a plurality of electromagnets (E) that can be separately excited. and each of those electromagnets (E) carries a test current pulse ( I) allows for different forms of movement in each case - e.g. movements around different axes of rotation and Claims 1 to 15, wherein - or different linear motions are simulated. The sensor (H, E, K, W) according to any one of (H, E, K, W). 17. The sensor member (W/K) has only one member (K), and The member (K) can be attracted in different directions by various electromagnets (E). furthermore, said element (K) is in each case subjected to a sensor under the action of various electromagnets (E). (H, E, K, W) or to simulate various motions of the object (O). 17. The sensor according to claim 16.