JPH0350020A - Refrigerator loaded on vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve cooling speed and control cold storage temperature in a refrigerator loaded on a vehicle of collection and delivery by providing a freezing chamber having an evaporator and an ice temperature chamber in the lower box and a cold storage chamber without an evaporator in the upper box, and controlling a fan to introduce cold air in the ice temperature chamber to the cold storage chamber according to the temperature of the cold storage chamber. CONSTITUTION:A cold storage chamber 3 is provided in an upper box 5b, and air in the chamber is stirred with a circulating fan 8 to make the temperature uniform. A freezing chamber 1 having an evaporator and an ice temperature chamber 2 are provided in a lower box 5a. A control fan 7 is provided on the upper part of a cold air duct for the upper box 5b of the cold storage chamber 3, and the suction port of the circulating fan 8 of a return duct 6 is also used as a cold air return port to the lower box 5a. The temperature in the cold storage chamber 3 is controlled to be at a prescribed value, by detecting the temperature of the cold storage chamber 3, driving the control fan 7, and sending the cold air in the ice temperature chamber 2 to the chamber 3. By this constitution, cooling speed is improved and it is controlled to keep the prescribed cold storage temperature.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted refrigerator, and more particularly to a refrigerator equipped with three chambers, a freezing chamber, an ice chamber, and a refrigerating chamber, which is mounted on a collection and delivery vehicle or the like.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional refrigerators used in small baggage collection and delivery vehicles, etc.
As shown in the figure, an ice greenhouse 2 in which an evaporator lO for refrigerating is installed in a lower box with an upper claw mounted on the cargo bed of a vehicle.
A refrigerating room 3 in which a control fan 7 and a circulation fan 8 are installed is installed in the same lower box, separated by a partition wall 4, and a horizontal fan installed on top of the lower box. A freezing compartment 1 in which an evaporator 9 for freezing is installed in an upper box having a
The refrigerator compartment 3 was cooled by convection of cold air from the ice room 2 into the refrigerator compartment 3 through the opening 4a of the partition wall 4.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in the on-vehicle refrigerator with the above configuration, the freezer compartment is provided in the upper box with lamination, so when the door of the freezer compartment is serviced, cold air escapes to the outside and the temperature of the freezer compartment increases. In addition, the refrigerator compartment in the lower box is cooled by convection of the cold air from the adjacent ice room using a controlled fan, so the cold air from the ice room flows smoothly into the refrigerator compartment. There were problems in that the cooling rate was slow and it was difficult to control the refrigeration temperature to a predetermined temperature.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.The present invention is provided by replacing the freezer compartment with the lower box and the refrigerator compartment with the upper box, thereby preventing the temperature from rising when servicing the door of the freezer compartment, and preventing ice in the lower box. It is an object of the present invention to provide an on-vehicle refrigerator that has a high cooling rate and can control a predetermined refrigeration temperature by forcibly introducing and circulating cold air from a greenhouse into a refrigeration room.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an on-vehicle refrigerator having a lower box installed on the loading platform of a vehicle and an upper box placed on the lower box, in which an evaporator installed in the lower box is provided. a refrigerator compartment provided in the upper box and not having an evaporator; a cold air duct that guides cold air from the ice room to the refrigerator compartment; and a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerator compartment. , a control fan that controls the introduction of cold air into the refrigerator compartment based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, and a circulation fan that stirs the air in the refrigerator compartment to make the temperature in the refrigerator compartment uniform. be.

[Effect]

According to the above means, since the freezer compartment is provided in the lower box with the upper layer, it is difficult for cold air to escape to the outside when the door of the freezer compartment is serviced, and the cold air from the ice room is passed through the cold air duct by the control fan. is forced into the refrigerator compartment, and the refrigerator compartment is rapidly cooled.

Note that the temperature of the refrigerator compartment is maintained at a set temperature by controlling the introduction of cold air by a control fan based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. Furthermore, the air inside the refrigerator compartment is stirred by a circulation fan to maintain a uniform temperature inside the refrigerator compartment.

Furthermore, since the refrigerating room without an evaporator is placed in the upper box, the outside air sucked in when the door of the refrigerating room is serviced is dehumidified and flows into the ice room.

(Example〕 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.

First Example: First, a first example of the present invention (a case where the temperature in the refrigerator compartment is higher than the set temperature because the outside temperature is high) will be described.

FIG. 1 is a partially transparent perspective view of a first embodiment of the in-vehicle refrigerator of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
(5'C), a control fan 7 is set above the cold air duct 5b for the upper box, and a circulation fan 8 is set above the return duct 6. The cold air duct 5 and the return duct 6 are arranged in parallel.

The return duct 6 also serves as an inlet for the circulation fan 8 and an inlet for returning cool air to the lower box. The suction port is made of punched metal or laminated metal to prevent the stored items in the refrigerator compartment 3 from falling into the lower box.

In the refrigerator compartment 3, the cold air blown from the evaporator 10 of the ice room 2 is directly guided to the upper box by the lower box cold air duct 5a and the upper box cold air duct 5b, and the control fan 7 is turned 0N-
The temperature is controlled to 0°C or 5°C by OFF operation. When the ice room 2 and the refrigerator compartment 3 are set at the same temperature of O-0°C and 5-5°C, the control fan 7 may be always ON.

The circulation fan 8 acts to equalize the temperature inside the refrigerator compartment 3 and is always turned on.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the refrigerator compartment of the vehicle-mounted refrigerator. As shown in FIG. Ru.

FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the above-mentioned on-vehicle refrigerator. As shown in FIG. Valve 22 → Evaporator 1/-ta 9 of freezer compartment 1 → Accumulator 23 → Compressor 12
This constitutes one refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant flows.

On the other hand, the ice greenhouse 2 transmits the engine power to the compressor 11 via the crack IIa, and the condenser 13→receiver 15→electromagnetic valve 26→dryer 17→expansion valve 21→evaporator 10 of the icehouse 2→check valve 19→compressor 1
1 and another refrigeration cycle through which a refrigerant flows, and further,
Branched from the receiver 15 → solenoid valve 25 → expansion valve 24 → evaporator of the air conditioner 20 in the driver's cab → compressor 11
This constitutes yet another refrigeration cycle through which refrigerant flows.

The ice room 2 and the air conditioner 20 in the driver's cabin are operated by FIR control in which one compressor 11 intermittently flows refrigerant to the air conditioner 20 or the evaporator 10 of the ice room 2 by turning the solenoid valves 25 and 26 ON-OFF. conduct.

The FIR control of the air conditioner 2o and the ice greenhouse 20 is performed using either a refrigeration priority method in which the ice greenhouse 2 is cooled and then the air conditioner 20 is cooled, or a method in which the air conditioner 20 and the ice greenhouse 2 are switched at predetermined time intervals.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing how the above-mentioned on-vehicle refrigerator is mounted on a vehicle. As shown in FIG. The upper box 300 of the refrigerator compartment is placed on the lower box 200 of the greenhouse and freezer compartment. The lower box 200 has an upper claw 201, and the heat load due to ventilation during door service is small. Therefore, the low temperature range freezing room (-18°C) and ice room (0°C) are set in the lower box 200, and the upper box 300 is a stacked layer 301,
Due to the large ventilation load during door service, the refrigerator room (5°C
) is set in the upper box 300.

FIG. 5 is a layout diagram of the controller of the above-mentioned on-vehicle refrigerator installed in the driver's cab. °
C, 5-5°C.

The ice greenhouse 2 is 0N-O for supplying refrigerant to the evaporator 10.
Controlled to O''C or 5°C by FF.

In addition, the freezer compartment I can be set at -18°C, θ°C, and 5°C, but the set temperature can be controlled by turning the clutch 12a ON-OFF.
This is done by intermittent freezing operation of the freezer compartment l.

Note that 411 is a freezing operation switch, which will be described later, and 412 is an ice temperature/refrigeration operation switch, which will be described later.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the joint between the lower box and the upper box of the vehicle-mounted refrigerator. As shown in FIG. An insulator 31 is installed around the partition plate, and an upper box 30 is installed.
A partition plate corresponding to the thickness of the upper box 300 is raised from the cold air duct 5b for the upper box 0, and an insulator 31 is provided around it.

Around the duct hole, place a spacer 33 on the lower box 200, attach an insulator 32 thicker than the spacer 33,
The upper box 300 is stacked and sealed.

FIG. 7 is an electrical circuit diagram of the main parts of the above-mentioned on-vehicle refrigerator. In the figure, 410 is a power switch led from a battery 420,
11 and an ice temperature/refrigeration operation switch 412 are connected in parallel, from the refrigeration operation switch 411 to the controller 400 via the relay 401, and from the ice temperature/refrigeration operation switch 412 via the relays 402, 403, 404, 405, 406. A temperature sensor 30 that is connected to the controller 400 and detects the temperature of the refrigerator compartment 3 is connected to the controller 4.
Connected to 00.

401a, 402a, 403a, 404a, 405a,
406a is relay 401, 402, 403, 404,
The contacts 405 and 406 are connected to the power switch 410, and the contact 401a is connected to the clutch 12a of the compressor 12, the contact 402a is connected to the clutch lla of the compressor 11, and the contact 403a is connected to the refrigerant flow path of the evaporator 10 of the ice room 2. A contact 404a is attached to the solenoid valve 26 that opens and closes the
is a solenoid valve 2 that opens and closes the refrigerant flow path of the air conditioner 20 in the driver's cabin.
5, the contact 405a is connected to the circulation fan 8 of the refrigerator compartment 3, and the contact 406a is connected to the control fan 7 of the refrigerator compartment 3, thereby configuring an electric circuit.

Here, when the power switch 410 is turned on and the refrigeration operation switch 411 is turned on, the relay 401 is activated and the clutch 12a is engaged according to the instructions from the controller 400, and the compressor 12 is driven. 412 is turned on, the relay 402 is activated and the clutch Ila is engaged according to the instruction from the controller 400.
While compressor 11 is driven, relays 403 and 4
04 are activated alternately at a constant cycle, solenoid valves 26 and 25
If the valves are controlled to open alternately at a constant cycle, and at the same time, the relay 405 is activated and the circulation fan 8 is rotated, and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30 is higher than the set temperature of the refrigerator compartment 3, The controller 400 controls the relay 406 to operate and the control fan 7 to rotate.

Figure 8 shows the dehumidification of the upper box and the defrosting of the lower box of the above-mentioned on-vehicle refrigerator in terms of the relationship between the temperature of the air sucked into the upper box and the cold storage temperature of the lower box. Since the upper box 300 is equipped with a refrigerating room without an evaporator, the door service of the upper box 300 allows outside air (for example, 3
Suppose that air (5°C, 70% relative humidity) flows in (
Absolute humidity χ=0.025kg/kg'), lower box 20
0, the temperature at the lower box suction port is 20°C, so it is 35°C.
As the temperature decreases from 20°C to
/−′).

Therefore, the amount of frost formed on the evaporator 10 of the lower box 200 is:
Air with an absolute humidity of 0.015 kg/kg' is targeted, and the reduction in refrigeration capacity due to frost formation is small.

On the other hand, if the evaporator 10 is placed in the upper box 300,
Air in the outside state becomes a target for frost formation on the evaporative lake 10, resulting in a significant reduction in performance.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained based on FIGS. 1, 3, and 7.

When the power switch 410 is first turned on, and then the freezing operation switch 411 and the ice temperature/refrigeration switch 412 are turned on, the relay 401 is energized according to the instructions from the controller 400, the contact 401a is closed, and the clutch 12a is engaged. The compressor 12 rotates, and the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent to the condenser 14 where it is condensed and liquefied, and then separated into gas and liquid by the receiver 16 before being sent to the dryer 18.
The refrigerant is sent to the expansion valve 22, where it is depressurized and expanded to become a mist refrigerant, and when it evaporates in the evaporator 9, it absorbs heat from the surroundings, thereby cooling the inside of the freezer compartment 1.

The refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 9 is led out as a gas refrigerant in the accumulator 23, and is repeatedly circulated back to the compressor 12, thereby performing a refrigeration operation.

On the other hand, according to instructions from the controller 400, the relay 402
is energized, contact 402a closes, and clutch lla is engaged, so compressor 11 rotates. In this case, relays 403 and 404 are energized alternately at a constant cycle, and contact 4
03a and 404a close alternately at a constant cycle, and the solenoid valves 26 and 25 alternately open and close at a constant cycle, so while the solenoid valve 26 is open and the solenoid valve 25 is closed, the refrigerant is not flowing. Using the same steps above, compressor 1
1 to capacitor 13. Receiver 15, 1tiff valve 26, dryer 17. Expansion valve 21. Evaporator 10,
Ice-temperature operation is performed in which the circulation returns to the compressor 11 via the check valve 19. Conversely, while the solenoid valve 25 is open and the solenoid valve 26 is closed, the refrigerant flows from the compressor 11 to the condenser 1.
3. Receiver 15. Electric iff valve 25. Expansion valve 24. Air conditioner operation is performed in a manner that the air conditioner 20 returns to the compressor 11 via the evaporator.

At the same time, relay 4 is activated by instructions from controller 400.
05 is energized, the contact 405a is closed, and the circulation fan 8 is rotated. However, if the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30 is higher than the set temperature of the refrigerator compartment 3, the relay 406 is energized, the contact 406a is closed, and the control fan 7 is rotated. rotates, so the first
In the figure, the cold air from the evaporator 10 in the ice room 2 is sent from the lower box cold air duct 5a to the upper box cold air duct 5b by the rotation of the control fan 7, and flows into the refrigerator compartment 3 as shown in the figure.
The rotation of the circulation fan 8 causes the flow inside the refrigerator compartment 3 as shown by → in the figure, and the circulation is repeated until it returns to the ice chamber 2 through the return duct 6, so that the refrigerator compartment 3 is cooled. are carried out in parallel.

Next, in this embodiment, control for introducing cold air into the refrigerator compartment 3 was performed by turning the control fan 7 ON-OFF, but it may also be performed by varying the rotation speed of the control fan 7. Note that, in order to improve the temperature distribution within the refrigerator compartment 3, the control fan 7 is desirably installed at a slight angle toward the ceiling of the refrigerator compartment 3.

Second Example: Next, we will explain the differences from the first example regarding the second example of the present invention (when the temperature of the refrigerator compartment or ice room is lower than the respective set temperature due to the low outside temperature). do.

In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, a planar heater 40 is additionally installed on the upper wall of the refrigerator compartment 3, and a temperature sensor 30a is installed near the air inlet of the evaporator lO of the ice room 2.
is additionally set.

In addition, the planar heater 40 provided in the refrigerator compartment 3 and the ice chamber 2
In order to operate the fan motor 10a in the evaporator 10, as shown in FIG.
Contact 407a is connected to sheet heater 40. Also, a relay 408 and a contact 408 that energize the fan motor 10a
a is additionally set, and the contact 408a is connected to the fan motor 10a.
connected to. Furthermore, a temperature sensor 30a that detects the temperature of the ice room 2 is additionally connected to the controller 400.

Here, when the power switch 410 is turned on and the freezing operation switch 411 and ice temperature/refrigeration operation switch 412 are turned on, if the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 3o of the refrigerator compartment 3 is lower than the set temperature, the controller 400 will As a result, relays 401, 405 and 407 operate, but! JL,
-402, 403, 404, 406, 408 do not work. Therefore, the freezing operation of the freezer compartment 1 is carried out, but the ice temperature/refrigeration operation is not carried out, and while the control fan 7 is also stopped, the circulation fan 8 rotates to agitate the air in the refrigerator compartment 3. The sheet heater 40 is energized to generate heat, and the inside of the refrigerator compartment 3 is heated.

When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30 of the refrigerator compartment 3 becomes higher than the set temperature due to the heating of the sheet heater 40, the relay 407 is released and the energization to the sheet heater 40 is cut off according to instructions from the controller 400. Only the circulation fan 8 continues to rotate. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30 of the refrigerator compartment 3 becomes lower than the set temperature due to natural cooling, the relay 40 is activated again according to instructions from the controller 400.
7 is activated, electricity is supplied to the sheet heater 40, and the sheet heater 4
0 generates heat, the inside of the refrigerator compartment 3 is heated, and the above operation is repeated.

In this way, in cold weather, etc., when the temperature in the refrigerator compartment 3 becomes lower than the set temperature due to the low outside temperature, the heat generated by the sheet heater 40 installed in the refrigerator compartment 3 The temperature of the refrigerator compartment 3 is controlled to reach the set temperature.

On the other hand, if the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30a of the ice room 2 is lower than the set temperature, the freezing operation of the freezer room 1 is performed according to instructions from the controller 400, as described above.
While the ice temperature/refrigeration operation is not performed and the control fan 7 is also stopped, the relay 4o1゜405.408 is activated, the circulation fan 8 rotates, and the fan motor 10a in the ice room 2 rotates, causing the fan The inside of the ice room 2 is heated by the heat generated by the energization of the motor 10a.

When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30a of the ice room 2 becomes higher than the set temperature due to the heating of the fan motor 10a,
In response to an instruction from the controller 400, the relay 408 is released, power to the fan motor 10a is cut off, and rotation is stopped, and only the circulation fan 8 continues to rotate. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30a of the ice room 2 becomes lower than the set temperature due to natural cooling, the relay 408 is activated again according to the instruction from the controller 400, and the fan motor 1 is activated.
0a, the inside of the ice room 2 is heated by the heat supplied to the fan motor 10a, and the above operation is repeated.

In this way, in cold weather, etc., when the temperature in the ice room 2 becomes lower than the set temperature due to the low outside temperature, the temperature in the ice room 2 is heated by the energized heat of the fan motor 10a in the ice room 2. The temperature of the ice room 2 is controlled to reach the set temperature.

Therefore, even when the outside temperature is low, the temperature of the refrigerating room 3 and the ice room 2 are independently controlled at their respective set temperatures as described above.

Next, in the second embodiment, the sheet heater 40 is used to heat the inside of the refrigerator compartment 3, but a sheathed heater or a honeycomb heater may be used instead of the sheet heater 40. PT has a rapid temperature rise and self-temperature control function.
It is desirable to use a C heater.

In the first, second and second embodiments, a normal refrigeration cycle refrigeration system was used as the cooling means, but an electronic refrigeration system may also be used.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the present invention makes it difficult for cold air to escape to the outside when the door of the freezing room is serviced, making it difficult for the temperature of the freezing room to rise. In this configuration, the cold air is forcibly introduced into the refrigerator compartment via a duct by a control fan, the introduced cold air is stirred by a circulation fan, and the control fan adjusts the introduction of cold air into the refrigerator compartment to control the temperature to a set temperature. As a result, the refrigeration compartment is quickly cooled and maintained at a predetermined refrigeration temperature.

In addition, since the upper box is equipped with a refrigerator compartment that does not have an evaporator, the high temperature outside air that is sucked in when the refrigerator compartment door is serviced is cooled in the refrigerator compartment and then transferred to the evaporator in the ice room. frost formation is reduced, thereby preventing a decline in cooling capacity.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially transparent perspective view of a first embodiment of a vehicle-mounted refrigerator of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a refrigerator compartment of the refrigerator, and third is a refrigerant circuit of the refrigerator. Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the refrigerator installed in a vehicle, Figure 5 is a layout diagram of the refrigerator's controller, and Figure 6 shows the joint between the lower and upper boxes of the refrigerator. 7 is an electrical circuit diagram of the main parts of the refrigerator, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between dehumidification and defrosting of the refrigerator, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a conventional in-vehicle refrigerator. 10 is a partially transparent perspective view of a second embodiment of the in-vehicle refrigerator of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is an electric circuit diagram of the main part of the second embodiment. l...Freezing room, 2...Ice greenhouse, 3...Refrigerating room, 5
a...Cold air duct for lower box 5b...Cold air duct for upper box 7...Control 11 fan, 8...Circulation fan, 1
0a... Fan motor, 30. 30a... Temperature sensor, 40... Planar heater, 100... Loading platform, 20
0...lower box, 300...upper box.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an on-vehicle refrigerator that has a lower box installed on the loading platform of a vehicle and an upper box placed on the lower box, there is provided a freezing compartment and an ice compartment having an evaporator installed in the lower box. a greenhouse; a refrigerator compartment provided in the upper box that does not have an evaporator; a cold air duct that guides cold air from the ice greenhouse to the refrigerator compartment; a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerator compartment; and a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerator compartment. A vehicle-mounted refrigerator comprising: a control fan that controls the introduction of cold air into the refrigerator compartment according to temperature; and a circulation fan that stirs the air in the refrigerator compartment to make the temperature in the refrigerator compartment uniform.