JPH0346732B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] A. Purpose of the invention a Industrial application field The present invention relates to a hot air heating device.

b. Prior art and its problems [Background and necessity of the present invention] In recent years, since the oil crisis, energy conservation has been promoted at the national level. Furthermore, with the improvement of living standards,
People began to pursue the comfort of a home that was cool in the summer and warm in the winter, and houses suddenly began to move toward airtightness. In other words, if you want to achieve more comfortable heating while still achieving energy savings in the winter, improving the airtightness of your home is an essential condition for the following reasons.

[Ventilation and heat loss] If we heat the indoor air by heating the room, the warmed air will rise by t°C (V = 1
+1/271t) and becomes lighter. For example, if you heat the room 27℃ higher than the outside air, the volume will increase by 1.1 times, and 10
% lighter. The specific gravity of air at room temperature is 1.2Kg/ ^m3
Therefore, the entire house of about 30 tsubo (100 m ² ) is lighter by G = 100 m ² × 2.7 m × 1.2 Kg/m ³ × 0.1 (10%) (story height 2.7 m) = 32.4 Kg. Therefore, the cold air from outside enters the room with a force of 32.4 kg.

In the case of a typical wooden house, the amount of outside air entering the house is said to be enough to double the volume of the building per hour during heating.

(Number of ventilation: 2 times 270m ³ × 2 times = 540m ³ /h) The amount of heat lost due to this intrusion of outside air (ventilation) is as follows: outside air is -5℃, humidity 60%, indoors is 22℃, humidity 50%.
% condition, Q = 7290 Kcal/h, which means that approximately 1 minute of kerosene's worth of heat is lost through this ventilation every hour. In other words, energy savings and a comfortable life cannot be achieved unless airtightness is improved to allow warmer, lighter air to escape and prevent outside air from entering. Therefore, especially in cold regions, efforts have been made to make buildings airtight, and in recent years wooden houses that are as airtight as concrete houses have been rapidly built. As a result, it is warmer and fuel efficiency is 1/1/2 compared to conventional models.
Although we were able to build houses that were less than 2, problems that had never existed before, such as mold, moisture, dust mites, and condensation, began to occur. The reason is as follows.

[Increase in the amount of indoor water vapor due to airtightness] The amount of water vapor generated in daily life is 70 to 100% from the human body.
A family of 4 to 5 people generates nearly 1000 g/h of water vapor from cooking, washing, plants, etc., including g/hour per person. Particularly in winter in cold regions, people are forced to dry their laundry indoors, and using open oil stoves can generate up to 3,000 g/h of water vapor. At this time, in conventional homes with low airtightness, a large amount of outside air would enter due to heating, and the water vapor generated by living and heating would be transported outside. Therefore, the absolute humidity indoors (the amount of water vapor (g) contained in 1 m ³ ) is at most about 5 g or less, and the dew point temperature (relative humidity increases when air containing water vapor is cooled). finally
The temperature at which the temperature reaches 100% is also as low as 2℃ (condensation only occurs in rooms and objects that are below 2℃).During heating, there are no rooms or parts of the room that are this low temperature, so there may be condensation or a damp feeling. There were almost no problems with mold or anything like that.

However, for the reasons mentioned above, the outside air (absolute humidity is 2 g)
If an airtight construction method is adopted that minimizes the intrusion of moisture (degrees), the intrusion of outside air with low absolute humidity will be greatly reduced, and the transport of water vapor generated from daily life and heating will be extremely reduced, resulting in a reduction in the amount of steam generated. It will exceed the quantity. Then, the absolute humidity in the room is 10
It can even rise to about 100 g or more. Since the dew point at absolute humidity of 10g is approximately 12℃, this airtightness
Rooms and objects that are colder than 12 degrees Celsius become sticky due to condensation. (Water vapor is a gas, and like oxygen and nitrogen, it is thought to exist uniformly in sealed rooms and buildings.) Of course, 12
If the temperature drops below ℃, condensation, mold, etc. will occur, causing actual damage to household goods, etc.

In order to prevent this, it is necessary to keep the entire room at 15℃ or higher, which is above the dew point temperature (this level is necessary to eliminate dampness and mold), and also to prevent condensation on the window glass. It is necessary to maintain the entire room temperature at around 20°C. (As the room temperature rises, the temperature of the window surface also rises, keeping the glass surface above the condensation temperature.) In other words, this airtightness makes it absolutely necessary to heat all rooms. For these reasons, it is understood that central heating in all rooms is an essential equipment for energy-saving and airtight housing.

Therefore, the present invention is capable of centrally heating all rooms rationally, economically, and safely.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, when considering air conditioning, the airtightness and insulation of a house are important conditions. For cooling a house with high insulation and airtightness, it is possible to sufficiently cool all rooms with a single conventional medium-sized household air conditioner for two rooms (800 to 1200 ^W ).

In this case, by installing the compressor and radiator outdoors, installing the cooling unit (cooling radiator) in the illustrated part of the device, and connecting them with piping, it is possible to cool all rooms with the same equipment. In other words, the present invention
It is a central air conditioning system that can be used in all seasons (ventilation is provided in seasons when neither air conditioning nor heating is required) with minimal space and reasonable shared equipment.

[Conventional House Heating Methods] Conventional house heating methods can be classified into two types: central methods and individual methods.

In the central system, a heat source is piped to each private room, and an indoor radiator is installed at the end of the pipe to heat the private room.
Water is generally used as the heat medium at this time.

The individual method is a method in which a combustor is installed in each private room.
There are three methods: hot air generation type, radiant heat type, and convection type.
In both cases, the cooling and heating medium for the combustion tube is air.

In the past, these two types of heating equipment were sufficient, so central heating systems using warm air were not widely used.

Furthermore, each of the above heating methods has the following drawbacks, which have been problematic for some time.

[Problems with hot water central heating] (a) Corroded or loose pipes can cause water leaks, staining floors and walls, or causing boiling water to gush out and cause burns.

(b) Piping is generally routed through areas with low temperatures, such as under the floor, which can cause heat radiation loss during this time, and in cold regions, accidents such as freezing and bursting can occur when you are away from home.

C. The terminal radiator is located indoors, so it takes up space.

D. Each room requires a radiator, so
Equipment is bulky.

[Problems with central heating using warm air heaters] In this method, air is brought into contact with the outer cylinder of the combustor (burner) to generate warm air and at the same time cool the outer cylinder, thereby preventing the equipment from overheating. Since we have no choice but to adopt a structure that prevents this, the following unreasonableness occurs.

(b) When heating is required in each private room, the burner will start igniting and burning immediately after the switch is turned on, but air will not be blown until the outer cylinder is heated, or cold air will be blown. Conversely, during digestion, air continues to be blown unnecessarily until the outer cylinder is completely cooled.

(b) Unable to respond to terminal load fluctuations.

For example, if the output of this burner is 10,000 kcal and the required amount for only one room is 2,000 kcal, or if a small amount of heat is sufficient as in early spring or early winter, there may be a difference between the supplied amount and the required amount. In some cases, the burner will turn on and off in a short period of time, and the situation like A will repeat and become unpleasant.

C. If the load is too small for the burner output as described above, the amount of air blown will be small, resulting in a significant lack of cooling of the burner outer cylinder, causing the outer cylinder to overheat and triggering the safety device, causing the state of extinguishing to deteriorate. It also means that it won't restart.

B. Structure of the invention a Means for solving the problem The present application attempts to solve the above-mentioned problem with the following structure. In other words, everyone agrees that central heating using warm air is the best heating system for a home because it has low construction costs, fewer breakdowns, is easy to maintain, and causes no real harm even if an accident (leakage) occurs. However, as mentioned above, there are major problems, and it has not become widespread in general.

In the present application, the above-mentioned problem is solved by the following configuration. In other words, the system of the present application employs only the advantages of both systems and can compensate for their shortcomings.

In other words, the heat source is a hot water boiler that can control temperature and combustion by itself, and a heating unit with an integrated heat dissipation radiator using a hot water pump and piping generates hot air, and this hot air is used for central heating. This is what we do.

b Example 1 of the invention is a hot air heating unit of the invention. Reference numeral 2 denotes a vertically elongated casing, which is composed of a lower chamber 3, a central chamber 4, and an upper chamber 5 stacked one on top of the other from the bottom, and each of these chambers is partitioned off.

An air filter 6 is installed in the front part of the lower chamber 3.
A cooling radiator 7 is provided on the front side, and a heating hot water radiator 8 is placed on the rear side, and a lower chamber passage 10 is formed in the rear part 9 of the heating hot water radiator 8. .

The central room 4 is partitioned into a boiler room 4B and a central room passage 4C by a central vertical partition plate 4A, and inside the boiler room 4B is a boiler 11, and a hot water circulation pump 12 connected to the boiler 11 by a circulation pipe 12A. A blower fan 13 is arranged above the central chamber passage 4C, and this blower fan communicates with the blower passage 5A in the upper chamber 5.

On the upper surface of the air passage 5A of the upper chamber 5, a ventilation duct portion 14 for each chamber is connected.

This duct portion 14 is constructed by connecting an appropriate number of ducts 14B to a side wall portion of a case 14A.

8A and 8B are circulation pipes that connect the heating hot water radiator 8 and the boiler 11.
11A is an intake pipe of the boiler 11, and 11B is an exhaust pipe, the outer ends of both of which are coaxial with the intake and exhaust pipes 11.
It communicates with the outside air at C.

The above is the configuration of the hot air heating device.

The hot air heating device described above can be configured as follows to have a cooling function (second invention). That is, 15 is an outdoor cooling unit connected to the cooling radiator 7, in which a compressor 15B, a blower fan 15C, a radiator 15, etc. are arranged in a case 15A.

15E is a refrigerant distributor, and 15F is a condensed water drain port.

Therefore, referring to FIGS. 11 to 13, the duct 14B is installed in the living room 16B, the bedroom 16C, and the children's room 16 by using the ceiling space 16A of the building 16.
D, communicate with Japanese-style room 16E, etc.

In this case, it is preferable to open the rooms from the ceiling into the room on the first floor, and open into the room from the floor in the rooms on the second floor. The warm air that has entered each room is circulated to the air filter 6 through the galley provided below the partition wall.

16F is for hallways, stairs, halls, etc., and 16G is for ventilation fans.

c. Effect Keep the boiler 11 switch on at all times during heating, and set the temperature of the thermostat inside the boiler to about 70℃. This ensures that there is always 70°C hot water in the boiler.

When heating is required in each private room and the switch is turned on, the hot water circulation pump 12 starts, and hot water of 70°C is sent from the boiler 11 to the heating hot water radiator 8. At the same time, the blower fan turns and instantaneously blows warm air to each private room. Sent.

When the temperature inside the boiler drops below 70°C due to hot water circulation and heat radiation from the heating hot water radiator 8, the burner ignites and continues combustion until the temperature reaches 70°C, then automatically shuts down. During this time, hot water at a constant temperature of 70°C is supplied to the heating hot water radiator, generating stable warm air that is sent to each private room. As long as the load is within the boiler's capacity, stable hot air can be supplied without direct relation to boiler combustion as described above.

Furthermore, to describe the control in detail, the boiler is 70
When the temperature is set to ℃, when the water temperature drops to 67℃ (due to heat dissipation from the radiator), the boiler ignites and the temperature reaches 72℃.
The boiler will stop operating when the temperature reaches ℃ (the temperature range for this operation varies somewhat depending on the manufacturer), so if the load is large, the boiler will run for a long time, and if the load is small, the boiler will run for a short time. During this time, the water temperature in the pipe is 72℃~
It is stable at 67℃ and can supply almost constant hot air.

C. Effects of the invention (a) A space-consuming radiator is no longer required in each private room.
This is effective in terms of both equipment space and equipment costs.

B. Air blowing can be stopped freely depending on whether or not heating is required in each private room (there are no combustion problems caused by this).

C. Because the heat source and heat dissipation part are connected together,
Loss during this time is greatly reduced.

Additionally, since the piping between these lines is extremely short, water leakage accidents are greatly reduced.

D. All pipes are inside the unit, so there is no need to worry about freezing.

Of course, it is also conceivable that the unit that connects the boiler and hot water radiator for heating and the blower fan may be installed in different locations, or that the positions of the hot water radiator, cooling radiator, and boiler may be swapped vertically. (See Figures 9 and 10).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a left side view, Fig. 2 is a front view, Fig. 3 is a right side view, Fig. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the casing, Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A, Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B, FIG. 7 is a side view of the main part of the second invention, FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of the intake and exhaust pipe portion of the boiler, and FIG. 9 is the left side of another embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the same as above, FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating the piping inside the building, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the same as above, and FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of the piping. . 1... Warm air heating unit, 2... Casing,
3...Lower chamber, 4...Central chamber, 5...Upper chamber.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The lower chamber 3 in a vertically long casing 2, which is composed of a lower chamber 3, a central chamber 4, and an upper chamber 5 stacked from below, and each of these chambers is partitioned. An air filter 6 is installed in the front part of the
However, a heating hot water radiator 8 is arranged on the rear side, a lower chamber passage 10 is formed in the rear part 9 of the heating hot water radiator 8, and a boiler room 4B is connected to the central chamber 4 by a central vertical partition plate 4A. and central chamber passage 4
A boiler 11 and a hot water circulation pump 12 connected to the boiler room 4B via a circulation pipe 12A are installed in the boiler room 4B, and a blower fan 13 is installed above the central room passage 4C. This blower fan is connected to the blower passage 5A in the upper chamber 5.
and communicates with the air passage 5 of the upper chamber 5.
A duct section 14 for blowing air from each room is connected to the upper surface of A, and the duct section 14 is configured by connecting an appropriate number of ducts 14B to the side wall of the case 14A. heating equipment. 2. In a vertically elongated casing that is composed of a lower chamber 3, a central chamber 4, and an upper chamber 5 stacked from below, and each of these chambers is partitioned,
An air filter 6 is installed on the front side of the lower chamber 3, and a cooling radiator 7 is installed inside the front side.
However, a heating hot water radiator 8 is disposed on the rear side, and a lower chamber passage 10 is formed in the rear part 9 of the heating hot water radiator 8, and a central vertical partition plate 4A is provided in the central chamber 4. The boiler room 4 is partitioned into a boiler room 4B and a central room passage 4C.
Inside B is a boiler 11 and a circulation pipe 12 to it.
A hot water circulation pump 12 connected by A is provided,
A blower fan 13 is arranged above the central chamber passage 4C, and this blower fan communicates with the blower passage 5A in the upper chamber 5, and the cooling radiator 7 has a compressor 1 installed in the case 15A.
5B, a blower fan 15C, a radiator 15D, etc., are connected to an outdoor cooling unit 15. 3 The duct 14B is connected to the ceiling 16A of the building 16.
When connecting the living room 16B, bedroom 16C, children's room 16D, Japanese-style room 16E, etc., the rooms on the first floor are opened from the ceiling, and the rooms on the second floor are opened from the floor to connect each room. 3. The hot air heating device according to claim 1, wherein the hot air that enters is circulated to the air filter 6 via a galley or the like provided below the partition wall.