JPH0344833Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] 1. Purpose of the invention Industrial application field This invention relates to the structure of an arm used when a crusher or other working device is attached to the arm of a hydraulic excavator. By making the part tiltable, the operating range of the crusher and other operating devices is expanded and work efficiency is improved, and it can be used in various working devices.

Conventional technology When installing a crusher on the arm of a hydraulic excavator, use a flange type for the mounting part, and when performing work in the left-right direction, first remove the tightening bolts on the flange and rotate the crusher in the desired direction. The method used was to tighten the bolts, then tighten the bolts again. Alternatively, if a hydraulic motor is used in the mounting part of the crusher, a pinion, a gear, a swivel bearing, a swivel joint, etc. are used as the transmission device, and the crusher is attached to the front part of the arm. The machine seemed to be able to rotate freely.

Problems with this invention The above installation method requires that, in the former case, if it is necessary to change the direction of the crusher, the operator must stop the work each time, step out of the operator's cab, and install the crusher. The user had to perform the troublesome work of loosening the mounting bolts, changing the direction of the mounting bolts, and then tightening the mounting bolts again. In the latter case, the operator has the advantage of being able to change the direction of the crusher while remaining in the operator's cab, but the mounting device used is a hydraulic motor, pinion, gear, swivel bearing, swivel joint, etc. Not only is this complicated, but all of these parts are expensive, which increases costs, which is not always advantageous, and increases the weight at the front of the arm, which reduces the stability of the vehicle. Even the above could not be said to be favorable.

This idea is based on a crusher attached to the tip of the arm.
To provide an arm structure that allows a driver to freely change the direction of other work equipment while remaining in the driver's cab, and can handle objects to be crushed in a horizontal direction such as a beam, or in a vertical direction such as a vertical column. The purpose is to

2. Means for solving the structural problems of the invention The means of this invention taken to solve the above problems are as follows: (a) The arm is divided into a first arm on the boom connection side and a second arm on the work equipment connection side, (b) The front and rear brackets of the first arm and the second arm are connected via front and rear pins whose axes are on the same straight line in the front and back direction; 2
The arm can be tilted by a pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders provided on the first arm, and (d) a space is provided near the front and rear pins to prevent contact with the pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders when they are activated. In addition, when one of the pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders is operated, both the rod-side oil chamber and the head-side oil chamber of the other hydraulic cylinder communicate with the tank. .

Function of the means: The working equipment can be tilted to the left and right by simply operating the pair of hydraulic cylinders installed on the left and right sides of the first arm, so the operator can freely operate it while staying in the operator's cab. Since there is no need to stop work due to the change of work equipment, work efficiency does not decrease due to conversion of work equipment.

Furthermore, since the second arm is tilted about the axis of the first arm by a hydraulic cylinder, the mechanism is simple, less likely to break down, and is suitable for construction machines.

Embodiment An embodiment of this invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

1 is the body of the hydraulic excavator, 2 is its boom, 3
is a boom cylinder that operates the boom 2.
4 is an arm, and this arm 4 is the first arm 5
and a second arm 6. First, the first
On the upper surface of the arm 5, there are a pair of front and rear brackets 7,
7' protrudes, and a pair of front and rear brackets 8, 8' protrudes from the rear lower surface of the second arm 6.
Between the front brackets 7 and 8 and between the rear brackets 7' and 8', there are
And it is pivoted by pins 9 and 9' on the same straight line,
The second arm 6 is connected to the first arm 5 by the pin 9,
It is designed to be able to tilt left and right around 9'. 1
0 and 10' are hydraulic cylinders for tilting the second arm 6 left and right;
The lower part of the arm 10' is pivotally supported by brackets 11 and 11' that protrude from the left and right sides of the first arm 5, and the upper part of the arm 10' is supported by a bracket 12 that protrudes from the rear inside of the second arm 6, respectively. pin 1
It is pivoted at 4,14'. Note that the brackets 11, 11' on the first arm 5 side protrude left and right, but the bracket 12 on the second arm 6 side is one, and only the pivot points of the hydraulic cylinders 10, 10' are separate. Because there is a hydraulic cylinder 10,
10' are arranged in a figure eight shape, and when the hydraulic cylinders 10, 10' are operated, the upper portions of the hydraulic cylinders 10, 10' and the pins 9, 9' cross each other. Therefore, in order to avoid this, the pins 9, 9' are separated into front and rear parts, and the hydraulic cylinders 10, 10' are arranged to move in the space between the front and rear pins 9, 9'. Similarly, a large notch 13 is provided at the upper intermediate portion of the first arm 5 so that the intermediate portions of the hydraulic cylinders 10, 10' do not come into contact with each other during operation. Also, a pin 1 that pivotally supports the hydraulic cylinders 10, 10' and the bracket 12
4 and 14' are for simply supporting the two, but since the bracket 12 is inside the second arm 6, the pins 14 and 14' are made long and their rear parts are attached to the second arm 6. It passes through the rear part and is locked when it comes out to the rear.

The arm 4 is composed of the first arm 5 and the second arm 6 as described above, and if the hydraulic cylinders 10 and 10' are fixed, the whole is fixed as one arm. Boom 2 at the bottom
The arm cylinder 16 is attached between the rear end of the first arm 5 and the boom 2, and the arm 4 is connected to the boom 4 in the same way as a normal arm. It is designed so that it can be rotated up and down.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a crusher, which crushes concrete and other materials by operating claws 18 with a hydraulic cylinder (not shown), and a rear bracket 19 is pivoted to the tip of the second arm 6 so that it can rotate up and down. However, it is operated via a bushing rod 21 by a hydraulic cylinder 20 provided between the second arm 6 and the second arm 6.

FIG. 5 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for operating the hydraulic cylinders 10, 10' of the present invention, where 22 is a hydraulic pump and 23, 24 are control valves. The right control valve 23 is connected to the right hydraulic cylinder. The left control valve 24 controls the left hydraulic cylinder 10'. Right control valve 23
The head side oil chamber 25 of the hydraulic cylinder 10 on the right side from
An oil passage 26 communicates with the rod side oil chamber 27, and an oil passage 28 communicates with the head side oil chamber 25.
9, oil passages 30 communicate with the rod side oil chamber 27, respectively. Similarly, the left control valve 24 is located in the head side oil chamber 31 of the left hydraulic cylinder 10'.
An oil passage 32 is connected to the rod side oil chamber 33, and an oil passage 34 is connected to the rod side oil chamber 33.
The head side oil chamber 31 is also connected to an oil passage 35 from the right control valve 23.
However, oil passages 36 communicate with the rod side oil chambers 33, respectively. Note that these hydraulic cylinders 10, 1
Of the oil passages leading to 0', oil passages 26, 28, and
Both oil passages 32, 34 may be pump ports, ie, on the high pressure side, but the other oil passages are always only on the low pressure side. 37 is hydraulic cylinder 1
In the supply circuit to 0 and 10', 38 is a hydraulic pump,
39 is a check valve, and 40 is an oil passage. 41 is an oil passage leading from the hydraulic pump 22 to the control valve 23 on the right side, 42 is an oil passage leading to the control valve 24 on the left side, and 43 is a tank.

This invention is constructed as described above, but when actually carrying out work, the boom cylinder 3, arm cylinder 16, and hydraulic cylinder 20 are operated to move the claw 18 of the crusher 17 to the position of the object to be crushed. When performing crushing work, when the pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders 10 and 10' installed between the first arm 5 and the second arm 6 are in the same extended state as shown in FIG. The bottom surface of the second arm 6 is held parallel to the top surface of the first arm 5, and is not inclined to the left or right. If the left and right hydraulic cylinders 10, 10' are fixed, the first arm 5 and the second arm 6 are fixed integrally, and the arm 4L is the same as one arm formed in a mold.
The crusher 17 is pivotally supported at the tip of the second arm 6 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and the claws 18 are configured to operate in the vertical direction of the crusher 17. Objects to be crushed, such as beams, placed in a direction perpendicular to the movement, that is, laterally, can be easily grasped and crushed.

If the object to be crushed exists in the vertical direction, such as a pillar, for example, it is impossible to grasp it with the claws 18 with the above-mentioned attitude of the crusher 17. In such a case, the control valves 23 and 24
Hydraulic cylinders 10, 10'
extend or contract the second arm 6 with the pin 9,
Rotate it in either the left or right direction around 9'.
As a method of operation, when performing work by tilting the second arm 6 from the vertical direction to the left, the left control valve 24 is used to contract the hydraulic cylinder 10' and the second arm 6 is tilted from the vertical direction to the right. When working by tilting, the right control valve 23 is used to contract the hydraulic cylinder 10. Of course, this operation is reversed, i.e., the right control valve 23 is used to extend the hydraulic cylinder 10 to tilt it to the left.
The left control valve 24 is used to tilt to the right.
It is also possible to extend the hydraulic cylinder 10' using a
When the arm 6 is rotated to the left or right to the maximum extent, the second
This is because arm 6 may not operate.

Therefore, when rotating the second arm 6,
A method is taken in which the left hydraulic cylinder 10' is contracted. That is, the control valve 24 is operated to switch to the right side. The oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 22 passes through the oil passage 42, the control valve 24, and the oil passage 34 to the rod side oil chamber 3 of the left hydraulic cylinder 10'.
3, the oil in the head side oil chamber 31 flows through the oil passage 32,
Tank 43 via control valve 24 and oil path 45
Return to At the same time, by switching the control valve 24 to the right side, the oil passages 29 and 30 are opened to the oil passage 45, so that the head side oil chamber 25 of the right hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected to the oil passage 29 and the control valve 2.
4, the rod side oil chamber 27 passes through the oil passage 30, the control valve 24, and the return oil passage 45 to the tank 43, so the hydraulic cylinder 10 becomes free and the hydraulic cylinder 10' contracts. However, the hydraulic cylinder 10 expands due to this action, and the second
The arm 6 rotates to the left about the pins 9, 9'. If the setting is made in advance so that the second arm 6 will rotate 90 degrees to the left when the hydraulic cylinder 10' is completely contracted and the hydraulic cylinder 10 is completely extended, the above operation can be performed. 2nd arm 6
can be rotated laterally. Therefore, since the crusher 17 attached to the tip can also be oriented laterally, it is possible to easily grasp vertical objects such as pillars with the claws 18 and crush them.

To return the second arm 6 to its original state, that is, a vertical state without tilting, the control valve 24
switch to the left. Contrary to the above, the oil in the hydraulic pump 22 flows through the oil path 32 to the head side oil chamber 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 10', and the oil in the rod side oil chamber 33 returns to the tank 43 through the oil path 34. The hydraulic cylinder 10' is extended. Since the right hydraulic cylinder 10 is in the free state as described above, it contracts following the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 10'.

Furthermore, when the second arm 6 is to be rotated to the right, the right control valve 23 is operated. The operating method is the same as in the above case, and by switching to the right side, the oil in the hydraulic pump 22 flows into the rod side oil chamber 27 of the hydraulic cylinder 10, and the oil in the head side oil chamber 25 returns to the tank 43. The hydraulic cylinder 1
0 contracts, and the left hydraulic cylinder 10' becomes free and expands accordingly, causing the second arm 6 to rotate to the right.

Of course, when the second arm 6 is rotated to a desired angle of inclination such as 20 degrees or 30 degrees, the control valve 2
It can be rotated freely by the operating methods 3 and 24. Therefore, during the crushing operation, the crusher 17 can be tilted freely from vertical to horizontal depending on the condition of the object to be crushed, so that no matter what condition the object is in, the claws 18 can tilt it freely. It can be grabbed and crushed.

Note that the structure of this arm device can also be applied to the structure of a boom, depending on the application.

3 Effects of the invention In the arm of this invention, the crusher attached to the tip of the arm must grasp and crush objects to be crushed in the horizontal direction, such as beams, or in the vertical direction, such as vertical columns. on the left and right respectively
It is necessary to rotate it over a range of 90° or more, and a total of 180° or more. For this purpose, the arm is divided into a first arm and a second arm, and the second arm is made to be tiltable about the front and rear pins with respect to the first arm using a pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders. Since a space is provided between the front and rear pins, the second arm can be rotated left and right over a large angular range of 180° or more without hindering the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder. Furthermore, when one of the pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders is operated, both the rod side oil chamber and the head side oil chamber of the other hydraulic cylinder communicate with the tank, so the pair of hydraulic Both hydraulic cylinders can be operated smoothly by simply supplying pressure oil to one of the cylinders. Therefore, pressure oil only needs to be supplied to one hydraulic cylinder, so
The hydraulic power source can be made inexpensive and small in capacity.

In addition, compared to conventional rotation methods using hydraulic motors, swivel bearings, and swivel joints, the structure is simpler and there is less risk of failure, and there are fewer parts and expensive parts, so the overall cost is lower. It is inexpensive, and since the weight of the device is light, there is no need to worry about the vehicle becoming unstable.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are all embodiments of the present invention, but the first
The figure is an overall front view, Figure 2 is a partially cutaway front view of the main parts, Figure 3 is a view seen from A in Figure 2, Figure 4 is an elevation view showing the operating state, Figure 5 The figure is a hydraulic circuit diagram. 1...Body, 2...Boom, 4...Arm, 5
...First arm, 6...Second arm, 9...Pin, 10...Hydraulic cylinder, 17...Crushing machine.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The boom, arm,
The arm structure is such that the working devices are sequentially connected so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction, and the working device is rotated by the arm about its longitudinal axis, and the arm is connected to the first arm on the boom connecting side. The arm is divided into an arm and a second arm on the work equipment connection side, and the front and rear brackets of the first arm and the second arm are connected via front and rear pins whose axes are on the same straight line in the front and rear direction, The second arm can be tilted around the axis of the pin by a pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders provided on the first arm, and the above-mentioned mechanism is configured so that the second arm does not come into contact with the hydraulic cylinder when the hydraulic cylinder is activated. A space is provided near the front and rear pins, and when one of the left and right hydraulic cylinders is operated, it is configured so that it communicates with the rod-side oil chamber of the other hydraulic cylinder to the tank. The arm structure of the work machine is characterized by: