JPH0343221B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0343221B2
JPH0343221B2 JP56076300A JP7630081A JPH0343221B2 JP H0343221 B2 JPH0343221 B2 JP H0343221B2 JP 56076300 A JP56076300 A JP 56076300A JP 7630081 A JP7630081 A JP 7630081A JP H0343221 B2 JPH0343221 B2 JP H0343221B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
calcium silicate
extrusion
molded
accelerator
silicate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP56076300A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS57191260A (en
Inventor
Fumio Muto
Nobuyoshi Ito
Minoru Morita
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Oxygen Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Japan Oxygen Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Japan Oxygen Co Ltd filed Critical Japan Oxygen Co Ltd
Priority to JP7630081A priority Critical patent/JPS57191260A/en
Publication of JPS57191260A publication Critical patent/JPS57191260A/en
Publication of JPH0343221B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0343221B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • C04B28/186Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type containing formed Ca-silicates before the final hardening step
    • C04B28/188Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type containing formed Ca-silicates before the final hardening step the Ca-silicates being present in the starting mixture

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明は特に真空断熱容器用の支持材に好適
に使用することができる軽量の珪酸カルシウユウ
ム成型体の製造法に関するものである。 無機質断熱材として多用されている多孔質の珪
酸カルシユウム成型体は、従来珪酸カルシユウム
スラリーを成型金型に充填し、プレス等により加
圧して成型したのち、この成型品を100℃以上の
温度で加熱硬化させ、水分を除去する方法で製造
されているが、この方法では生産性が悪く、コス
トが高いという欠点があつた。この点を改良する
ため、近時押出成型機を用いた連続押出成型法が
考えられたが、この方法では押出し時に珪酸カル
シユウムが保有する水分が脱水除去されてしまい
軽量な珪酸カルシユウム成型体を得ることが困難
であり、成型保型性も悪いという欠点があつた。
このため、珪酸カルシユウムにセメント類を配合
して含水率をあらかじめ下げて押出成形する方法
が新しく考えられたが、この方法では成型保型性
は改良されるものの得られる成型体の嵩密度が
0.7〜1.0g/cm3と大きくなり、珪酸カルシユウム
成型体の最大の特長である軽量性が損われるとい
う欠点が改めて現われた。また、真空断熱容器用
支持体に使用する珪酸カルシユウム成型体にあつ
ては、断熱性能にすぐれ、真空排気時の排気抵抗
が小さいことが要求され、逆に圧縮強度は真空荷
重1Kg/cm3に耐えうるものであれば充分であるこ
とから比強度(=圧縮強度/嵩密度)のできるだ
け大きな成型体が望まれている。 この発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、
真空断熱容器用支持体等に好適に用いられる嵩密
度の低い珪酸カルシユウム成型体を高い生産性で
製造することができる珪酸カルシユウム成型体の
製造法を提供することを目的とし、珪酸カルシユ
ウムに、水ガラス、珪酸カリウム、シリカゾルお
よびエチルシリケートの群から選ばれた1種以上
の粘結剤と押出成型促進剤とを加え、全体の含水
量を70〜80wt%として押出成型することを特徴
とするものである。 以下、この発明を詳しく説明する。 この発明に用いられる珪酸カルシユウムは、珪
酸と消石灰などのカルシユウム化合物と水とをオ
ートクレープ中で水熱反応させてゾノライト型結
晶を成長させたスラリーや粉末状の珪酸カルシユ
ウムが用いられる。 珪酸カルシユウムにはつぎに粘結剤が加えられ
る。この粘結剤としては、珪酸カルシユウムと化
学的性質が類似する水ガラス(珪酸ナトリウム)、
珪酸カリウム、シリカゾルおよびエチルシリケー
トの群から選ばれる1種もしくは2種以上の混合
物が用いられる。粘結剤は珪酸カルシユウム分子
同志を軽く結び付け、成型時および成型後の保型
性を保つものである。粘結剤の配合量は、次に加
えられる押出成型促進剤を合わせた固形分全体に
対して10〜20wt%であり、10wt%未満であれば
目的とする保型性が得られず、20wt%を越える
と得られる珪酸カルシユウム成型体の空隙率が低
下し、好ましくない。 つぎに押出成型促進剤が加えられる。この押出
成型促進剤としては、メチルセルロース、ヒドロ
キシプロピルセルロース、ポリエチレンオキサイ
ド樹脂等が用いられ、押出成型機内での珪酸カル
シユウム組成物の滑性を増加させ、押出時の脱水
を防止し、押出性、押出量の向上を計ると共に押
出成型品の表面状態を良好ならしめるようにする
ものである。押出成型促進剤の配合量は珪酸カル
シユウム組成物の固形分に対して5〜15wt%で
あり、5wt%未満では前記効果が得られず、15wt
%を越えると得られる珪酸カルシユウム成型体を
真空断熱容器用支持体に適用した場合放出ガス量
が多くなり、真空度の低下をもたらし好ましくな
い。 以上のようにして得られた珪酸カルシユウム組
成物はついで含水量が調節されて、含水率を70〜
80wt%の状態に調整される。含水量の調節には、
組成物に水を加えたり、あるいは珪酸カルシユウ
ムに珪酸カルシユウムスラリーを用いた場合には
粉末の珪酸カルシユウムを適量加えることによつ
て実施できる。含水率の調整は、得られる珪酸カ
ルシユウム成型体の嵩密度を低くするために必要
なもので、含水率が70wt%未満であれば嵩密度
が0.5g/cm3以上となり好ましい特性が得られず、
80wt%を越えると押出成型時の保型性が低下し、
押出時の脱水が激しくなり不都合となる。 このように含水率が調整された珪酸カルシユウ
ム組成物はついで混練機などによつて珪酸カルシ
ユウムに粘稠性がでるまで十分予備混練する。つ
いで、種々の形状の成型金型を取り付けた押出成
型機に混練された珪酸カルシユウム組成物を供給
し、押出成型する。押出成型された珪酸カルシユ
ウム成型品はついで100℃以上の加熱炉中で加熱
されて、硬化させられるとともに、成型品中に分
散されていた水分が除去され、多孔質の珪酸カル
シユウム成型体が得られる。 このように本発明に係る珪酸カルシユウム成型
体の製造法では、珪酸カルシユウムに粘結剤を配
合したので、押出成型時に水分が脱水されること
が少なく、珪酸カルシユウム組成物の含水率がほ
ぼそのまま維持され、よつて得られる成型体の嵩
密度が小さくなる。例えば珪酸カルシユウム組成
物の含水率を70〜80wt%に調整すれば、嵩密度
0.3〜0.5g/cm3の成型体が得られる。また、粘結
剤の配合によつて、加熱硬化時のクラツクの発生
が減少し、得られる成型体の型くずれが少なくな
る。さらに、押出成型促進剤を配合したので、押
出性が向上し、成型体の表面状態は平滑となる。
粘結剤および押出成型促進剤を配合したにもかか
わらず、真空断熱容器用支持体に用いた時の重要
な特性である排気抵抗や放出ガス量については何
んら問題なかつた。さらに珪酸カルシユウム自身
がもつ吸着効果も珪酸カルシユウム押出成型体が
保有していることが確認された。 なお、押出成型時に空間率の大きな押出金型、
例えばハニカム状金型を用いれば得られる成型体
の見掛けの比重をさらに低下させることができ
る。また、成型体中空部にパーライト、マイクロ
セル等の粉末、粒体を充填したり、アルミニウム
粉末、ニツケル粉末、アルミニウム箔などを添加
した粉末、粒体を充填してより一層断熱性能を高
めることができる。 以下、実施例に基づいてこの発明を具体的に説
明する。 〔実施例〕 珪酸カルシユウムスラリー2000g(含水率約
85wt%)に、粘結剤としてシリカハイドロゾル
(商品名カタロイド)200g(含水率約85wt%)
を、押出成型促進剤としてメチルセルローズ類
(商品名メトローズ)100gを加え、さらに珪酸カ
ルシユウム粉末500gを加えて全体の含水率を
73wt%とした。この珪酸カルシユウム組成物を
混練機で粘稠性が出るまでよく混練した。これを
外径30mm、内径14.8mmのパイプ状金型を取り付け
た押出成型機にて押出速度730mm/分で押出成型
し、パイプ状の押出成型品を得た。この押出成型
品の含水率は67wt%であつた。この押出成型品
を130℃で加熱硬化させ、パイプ状の珪酸カルシ
ユウム成型体を得た。この成型体の表面は平滑
で、クラツクの発生はなく、嵩密度0.35g/cm3
あり、珪酸カルシユウムは86.6wt%、粘結剤
3.8wt%、押出成型促進剤9.6wt%であつた。次表
に種々の組成をもつた珪酸カルシユウム成型体の
嵩密度、表面状態を示す。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a lightweight calcium silicate molded body that can be particularly suitably used as a support material for a vacuum insulated container. Porous calcium silicate molded bodies, which are often used as inorganic heat insulating materials, are conventionally made by filling a mold with calcium silicate slurry, pressurizing and molding with a press, etc., and then molding the molded product at a temperature of 100°C or higher. It is manufactured by heating and curing and removing moisture, but this method has the drawbacks of poor productivity and high cost. In order to improve this point, a continuous extrusion molding method using an extrusion molding machine has recently been considered, but in this method, the water held in calcium silicate is removed by dehydration during extrusion, resulting in a lightweight calcium silicate molded body. It was difficult to do so, and the mold retention properties were also poor.
For this reason, a new method of extrusion molding by blending cement with calcium silicate to lower the moisture content in advance was considered, but although this method improves mold retention, the bulk density of the resulting molded product is low.
The weight increased to 0.7 to 1.0 g/cm 3 , and the drawback that the lightness, which is the greatest feature of calcium silicate molded products, was impaired once again appeared. In addition, calcium silicate molded bodies used as supports for vacuum insulated containers are required to have excellent insulation performance and low exhaust resistance during vacuum evacuation, and conversely, compressive strength is required to be 1 kg/cm 3 under vacuum load. Since it is sufficient if the material can withstand, a molded product with as large a specific strength (=compressive strength/bulk density) as possible is desired. This invention was made in view of the above circumstances,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a calcium silicate molded body that can produce a low bulk density calcium silicate molded body with high productivity, which is suitable for use as a support for a vacuum insulated container, etc. One or more binders selected from the group of glass, potassium silicate, silica sol, and ethyl silicate are added and an extrusion accelerator is added, and extrusion molding is performed at a total water content of 70 to 80 wt%. It is. This invention will be explained in detail below. The calcium silicate used in this invention is a slurry or powdered calcium silicate obtained by hydrothermally reacting silicic acid, a calcium compound such as slaked lime, and water in an autoclave to grow zonolite crystals. A binder is then added to the calcium silicate. This binder includes water glass (sodium silicate), which has similar chemical properties to calcium silicate.
One type or a mixture of two or more types selected from the group of potassium silicate, silica sol, and ethyl silicate is used. The binder lightly binds calcium silicate molecules together and maintains shape retention during and after molding. The blending amount of the binder is 10 to 20 wt% based on the total solid content including the extrusion accelerator added next, and if it is less than 10 wt%, the desired shape retention will not be obtained, %, the porosity of the resulting calcium silicate molded product decreases, which is not preferable. Next, an extrusion accelerator is added. Methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide resin, etc. are used as the extrusion accelerator, and they increase the lubricity of the calcium silicate composition in the extrusion molding machine, prevent dehydration during extrusion, and improve extrudability. This is intended to improve the quantity and improve the surface condition of the extruded product. The blending amount of the extrusion accelerator is 5 to 15 wt% based on the solid content of the calcium silicate composition; if it is less than 5 wt%, the above effect cannot be obtained;
If the resulting calcium silicate molded body is applied to a support for a vacuum insulated container, the amount of released gas will increase, resulting in a decrease in the degree of vacuum, which is not preferable. The calcium silicate composition obtained as described above is then adjusted to have a water content of 70 to 70.
Adjusted to 80wt%. To adjust the water content,
This can be carried out by adding water to the composition, or by adding an appropriate amount of powdered calcium silicate when a calcium silicate slurry is used for calcium silicate. Adjustment of the water content is necessary to lower the bulk density of the resulting calcium silicate molded product; if the water content is less than 70 wt%, the bulk density will be 0.5 g/cm 3 or more, making it impossible to obtain desirable properties. ,
If it exceeds 80wt%, shape retention during extrusion molding will decrease,
Dehydration during extrusion becomes intense, which is inconvenient. The calcium silicate composition whose water content has been adjusted in this manner is then sufficiently pre-kneaded using a kneader or the like until the calcium silicate becomes viscous. Next, the kneaded calcium silicate composition is fed into an extrusion molding machine equipped with molds of various shapes, and extrusion molded. The extruded calcium silicate molded product is then heated in a heating furnace at 100°C or higher to harden it, and the water dispersed in the molded product is removed to obtain a porous calcium silicate molded product. . As described above, in the method for producing a calcium silicate molded article according to the present invention, since a binder is blended with calcium silicate, water is less likely to be dehydrated during extrusion molding, and the water content of the calcium silicate composition is maintained almost unchanged. This reduces the bulk density of the resulting molded product. For example, if the water content of the calcium silicate composition is adjusted to 70 to 80 wt%, the bulk density
A molded article having a weight of 0.3 to 0.5 g/cm 3 is obtained. Furthermore, by adding a binder, the occurrence of cracks during heat curing is reduced, and the resultant molded product is less likely to lose its shape. Furthermore, since an extrusion accelerator is blended, extrudability is improved and the surface condition of the molded product becomes smooth.
Despite the inclusion of a binder and an extrusion accelerator, there were no problems with the exhaust resistance and the amount of gas released, which are important characteristics when used as a support for vacuum insulated containers. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the extruded calcium silicate body has the adsorption effect that calcium silicate itself has. In addition, extrusion molds with large porosity during extrusion molding,
For example, if a honeycomb mold is used, the apparent specific gravity of the resulting molded product can be further reduced. In addition, the hollow part of the molded body can be filled with powder or granules such as pearlite or microcells, or powder or granules added with aluminum powder, nickel powder, aluminum foil, etc. to further improve the insulation performance. can. Hereinafter, this invention will be specifically explained based on Examples. [Example] 2000g of calcium silicate slurry (water content approx.
85wt%), 200g of silica hydrosol (product name Cataloid) as a binder (water content approximately 85wt%)
To this, 100 g of methyl cellulose (trade name: Metrose) was added as an extrusion accelerator, and 500 g of calcium silicate powder was added to adjust the total moisture content.
It was set to 73wt%. This calcium silicate composition was thoroughly kneaded using a kneader until it became viscous. This was extruded at an extrusion speed of 730 mm/min using an extrusion molding machine equipped with a pipe-shaped mold having an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 14.8 mm to obtain a pipe-shaped extruded product. The moisture content of this extruded product was 67 wt%. This extrusion molded product was heated and cured at 130°C to obtain a pipe-shaped calcium silicate molded product. The surface of this molded product is smooth, there are no cracks, and the bulk density is 0.35 g/cm 3 , and the calcium silicate content is 86.6 wt%.
3.8 wt%, extrusion accelerator 9.6 wt%. The following table shows the bulk density and surface condition of calcium silicate molded bodies with various compositions. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 珪酸カルシユウムに、水ガラス、珪酸カリウ
ム、シリカゾルおよびエチルシリケートの群から
選ばれた1種以上の粘結剤と押出成型促進剤とを
加えかつ全体の含水率を70〜80wt%として押出
成型することを特徴とする珪酸カルシユウム成型
体の製造法。 2 前記粘結剤の配合量が固型分全体に対して10
〜20wt%であることを特徴とする特許請求の範
囲第1項記載の珪酸カルシユウム成型体の製造
法。 3 前記押出成型促進剤の配合量が固型分全体に
対して5〜15wt%であることを特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第1項記載の珪酸カルシユウム成型体
の製造法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. One or more binders selected from the group of water glass, potassium silicate, silica sol, and ethyl silicate and an extrusion accelerator are added to calcium silicate, and the total water content is adjusted to 70 to 70. A method for producing a calcium silicate molded body, characterized by extrusion molding at 80 wt%. 2 The blending amount of the binder is 10% of the total solid content.
The method for producing a molded calcium silicate body according to claim 1, wherein the content is 20 wt%. 3. The method for producing a calcium silicate molded article according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the extrusion accelerator is 5 to 15 wt% based on the total solid content.
JP7630081A 1981-05-20 1981-05-20 Manufacture of calcium silicate formed body Granted JPS57191260A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7630081A JPS57191260A (en) 1981-05-20 1981-05-20 Manufacture of calcium silicate formed body

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7630081A JPS57191260A (en) 1981-05-20 1981-05-20 Manufacture of calcium silicate formed body

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS57191260A JPS57191260A (en) 1982-11-25
JPH0343221B2 true JPH0343221B2 (en) 1991-07-01

Family

ID=13601512

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7630081A Granted JPS57191260A (en) 1981-05-20 1981-05-20 Manufacture of calcium silicate formed body

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS57191260A (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6153141A (en) * 1984-08-21 1986-03-17 日本インシュレーション株式会社 Manufacture of calcium silicate formed body
CN105622081B (en) * 2015-12-30 2018-04-13 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 A kind of preparation method using silicon dioxide gel as sintering aid calcium silicates bioceramic

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5410969A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-26 Asahi Chemical Ind Method of making print circuit board

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5410969A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-26 Asahi Chemical Ind Method of making print circuit board

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57191260A (en) 1982-11-25

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