JPH0341431B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for producing compost using household manure such as chicken manure, fish processing waste, etc. as raw materials, and a production apparatus directly used for carrying out the method.

[Conventional technology and problems]

Conventionally, as this type of compost manufacturing method and apparatus, a house fermentation type, that is, one using a built-up fermentation tank, and a mechanical fermentation type, that is, for example, one using a combustion heating cylindrical fermenter, are known.

House fermentation can produce products with a high degree of completion and low odor, and has the advantage of relatively low running costs.
The drawback is that it takes a long time (days) and the fermentation effect is insufficient, especially in low temperature regions or low temperature periods (winter).

Mechanical fermentation can quickly process large quantities of raw materials using compact equipment, but has disadvantages such as high fuel costs, high running costs, and unpleasant odors.

The present invention has been proposed for the purpose of eliminating each of the above-mentioned drawbacks and making it possible to utilize only their advantages.

[Means for solving problems]

The configuration of the present invention adopted to achieve the above object is as follows.

Generally speaking, it is a combination of house fermentation and mechanical fermentation, and the unique feature of this combination is that the exhaust gas from the mechanical fermentation is used to heat the outside air for the aeration of the house fermentation.

Compost production method Air is supplied for aeration through the air supply pipe 1 at the bottom of the tank to the raw material such as household manure put into the built fermentation tank a, and the raw material is appropriately stirred by the stirrer b running on the top of the tank. The pre-fermentation is carried out while turning the fermentation material back and forth, and the main fermentation is carried out in parallel while the pre-fermented raw material is charged into the combustion heating cylindrical fermenter c and transferred from the input port 2 side to the output port 3 side while stirring. and do it. In addition, the outside air is heated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas of the combustion heating type cylindrical fermenter c, and the heated outside air is sent to the air supply pipe 1 of the construction fermentation tank a to supply the air for the aeration. Take care.

Compost production equipment Build fermentation a has an agitator b movably mounted on the top of an open tank, and an air supply pipe 1 for aeration is installed at the bottom of the tank. The combustion heating type cylindrical fermenter c transfers raw materials from the input port 2 side to the output port 3.
A burner 4 is installed on the outlet 3 side to send hot air into the machine. A heat exchanger d is provided with a separate exhaust gas passage 5 that takes in and sends out the exhaust gas of the fermenter c, and an outside air passage 6 that takes in and sends outside air, and exchanges heat between these exhaust gas and outside air. The intake port 5' of the exhaust gas passage 5 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 7 of the fermenter c, and the outlet 6'' of the outside air passage 6 is connected to the intake port 1' of the air supply pipe 1 of the fermentation tank a. They are connected to each other.

[Effect]

In the present invention, raw materials are prefermented in a built-up fermentation tank a, and then main fermentation is carried out in a combustion heating type cylindrical fermenter c, and the outside air is heated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas of the fermenter c. Since warmed outside air is used as the air supply for aeration during the pre-fermentation, there is no need for a long fermentation period like in the case of conventional built-up fermentation tanks, and there is no need for a combustion heating cylindrical fermenter. It is possible to efficiently and economically obtain ripe products without incurring high running costs as in the case of conventional methods. Moreover, it is not particularly affected even in low-temperature regions or low-temperature periods.

〔Example〕

Examples of the present invention will be described in more detail below.

A and a are two built-up fermentation tanks installed in parallel, each of which has a plurality of air supply pipes 1 laid in grooves 8 arranged in parallel on the bottom of the tank.

Reference numeral b denotes an agitator installed so that it can automatically run on the upper surface of the fermentation tanks a, a, and is mounted on a rail 10 laid on the side wall 9. 10' is a transfer rail for transferring the stirrer b from the rail 10 of one fermentation tank a to the rail 10 of the other fermentation tank a.

c and c are two combustion heating type cylindrical fermenters installed in parallel, and these are connected to the input port 2 side end and the output port on both sides of a cylindrical body 13 rotatably supported on a support 12 on a machine stand 11. The third side end is fitted into a raw material inlet body 14 and an outlet body 15 installed on the machine stand 11. 16
1 is a fixed transverse rod that extends horizontally through the cylindrical body 13 between the mouth bodies 14 and 15, and is provided with a large number of fixed wing pieces 16' extending in a direction perpendicular to its axis. Reference numeral 16'' represents a stirring and feeding piece disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 13, and reference numeral 4 represents a burner provided on the mouth body 15.

d and d are heat exchangers installed between fermentation tanks a and a and fermenters c and c. This is for exchanging heat with the exhaust gas from machines c and c.

This heat exchanger d has a pipe meanderingly installed between upper and lower perforated plates 17, 17' of a housing d' to form an outside air passage 6, and the pipe is placed in a deodorizing agent layer 18 filled between the upper and lower perforated plates 17, 17'. is buried, and the exhaust gas reaches the outlet 5'' on one side of the upper cavity of the upper perforated plate 17 from the intake port 5' on one side of the lower cavity of the lower perforated plate 17' through the deodorizing agent layer 18. Hot gas passage 5
It forms.

Reference numerals 6' and 6'' are an intake port and a discharge port of the outside air passage 6.

The intake port 5' of the exhaust gas passage 5 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 7 provided in the raw material inlet body 14 of the fermenter c by a gas pipe 19, and the exhaust port 5'' is opened to the atmosphere via a suction fan 20. or connected to a soil deodorization layer (not shown).

The outlet 6″ of the outside air passage 6 is connected to the ring blower 2.
1 to the intake port 1' of the air supply pipe 1 of the fermentation tank a.

The above is the configuration of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. Next, the method of the present invention using this apparatus and the case where chicken manure is used as a raw material will be explained.

Chicken manure with a moisture content of approximately 70 to 85% is adjusted to approximately 65% moisture by the product return operation described later, and the raw material is then put into a fermentation tank a.
a, supply warmed outside air from each air pipe 1 for aeration, and run the stirrer b as appropriate to carry out pulverization, stirring, and turning, and pre-ferment it for 10 to 15 days. Obtain a pre-fermented raw material with a moisture content of approximately 60%.

This pre-fermented raw material is introduced into the fermenters c, c through the raw material inlet body 14, and while the cylindrical body 13 is rotated to be stirred and transferred to the outlet body 15 side, the burner 4 blows hot air into the cylinder. The raw material for main fermentation is delivered to the body 13 for main fermentation, and the main fermentation raw material with a moisture content of about 30% is obtained in about 3 days.

This fermented raw material is further naturally cooled for 3 to 6 days to produce a product with a moisture content of approximately 25%.

The above-mentioned preliminary fermentation, main fermentation, and natural cooling are performed continuously and in parallel.

During that time, a part of the product after natural cooling is returned to the water adjustment level before pre-fermentation, and as mentioned above, the water content of the raw chicken manure is reduced from about 70-85% to 65%, making it easier to ferment in fermenter a. state.

In addition, by supplying the exhaust gas from the fermenter c to the heat exchanger d and introducing outside air into the outside air passage 6, heat exchange is performed between the outside air and the exhaust gas, and the heated outside air is Air is supplied to the air supply pipe 1 through the ring blower 21 to perform the aeration effect.

According to the heat exchanger d, the exhaust gas from the fermenter c is deodorized while warming the outside air while passing through the deodorizing agent layer 18, so it can be discharged to the atmosphere as is, and By guiding the soil to the soil deodorizing layer as necessary, more effective deodorization can be achieved. Furthermore, since the aeration uses fresh outside air instead of exhaust heat gas, it is possible to sufficiently supply the fermentation necessary to promote fermentation.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As mentioned above, according to the present invention, the raw material is pre-fermented in the built-up fermentation tank a, and then main fermentation is carried out in the combustion heating type cylindrical fermenter c, and heat exchange with the exhaust heat gas of the fermenter c is carried out. By heating fresh outside air and using the warmed outside air as air supply for aeration during the pre-fermentation process, the long fermentation period required using only conventional fermentation tanks can be avoided. It is possible to efficiently and economically obtain a fully ripened product without incurring the high running costs of a combustion-heated cylindrical fermenter alone, and even in low-temperature regions or periods. It has various effects such as not being particularly affected.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings are for explaining embodiments of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the entire apparatus, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the built fermentation layer, and Fig. 3 is a combustion heating cylindrical fermenter. FIGS. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of a heat exchanger, with a partially omitted cross-sectional view of one example. a... Built fermentation tank, 1... Air supply pipe, b...
Stirrer, c... Combustion heating cylindrical fermenter, 2...
Inlet, 3... Outlet, 4... Burner, 5... Exhaust gas passage, 6... Outside air passage, d... Heat exchanger,
5'...Intake port, 7...Outlet port, 6''...Outlet port,
1'...Intake port.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Air is supplied to raw materials such as household excrement and urine put into a built-up fermentation tank through an air supply pipe at the bottom of the tank, and the raw materials are appropriately stirred by a stirrer running on the top of the tank.
The pre-fermentation is carried out while turning the fermentation process back and forth, and the main fermentation is carried out in parallel while the pre-fermentation raw materials are fed into a combustion heating type cylindrical fermenter and transferred from the inlet side to the outlet side while stirring. , and heating the outside air by heat exchange with the exhaust gas of the combustion heating type cylindrical fermenter, and supplying the air by sending the heated outside air to the air supply pipe of the built-up fermentation tank. A compost production method characterized by: 2. A constructed fermentation tank in which an agitator is movably mounted on the open top of the tank and an air pipe is installed at the bottom of the tank, and the raw materials can be transferred from the input port side to the output port side while stirring, and the above-mentioned fermentation tank is constructed. On the outlet side, there is a combustion heating type cylindrical fermenter equipped with a burner that sends hot air into the machine, an exhaust gas passage that takes in and sends out the exhaust gas of this fermenter, and an outside air passage that takes in and sends out outside air. and a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between these exhaust gases and outside air, and the intake of the exhaust gas passage of the heat exchanger is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the fermenter, and A compost manufacturing apparatus characterized in that the outlet of the passage is connected to the intake of the air supply pipe of the fermentation tank.