JPH0338513B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The purpose of this invention is to operate a heat pump while extracting hot water of 50°C or higher and at the same time extracting low-temperature water of 10°C or lower. In conventional heat pumps, the maximum temperature difference between hot and cold water taken out was around 38°C, but the present invention further widens this temperature difference, allowing cold water of 10°C or lower to 50°C or higher, and if necessary, 70°C or higher. The purpose is to take out hot water at the same time. Conventionally, in order to extract high-temperature water using a heat pump, it was necessary to increase the discharge temperature of the refrigerant gas from the compressor. Therefore, the capacity of the compressor was increased by performing multi-stage compression to increase the compression of the refrigerant gas. A small amount of water was passed through the condenser to exchange heat with the high-temperature gas, and then hot water was extracted. On the contrary, the present invention doubles the capacity of the condenser without changing the capacity of the compressor section, thereby increasing the condensing capacity of refrigerant gas and converting the water stored in the water tank into water. By forcing circulation between the tank and the condenser, both the water and gas temperatures are raised over time, and when the water temperature reaches the required temperature, it is taken out and used. Therefore, it takes a certain amount of time to reach the desired water temperature. The present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. In a heat pump consisting of a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an expansion valve 3, and an evaporator 4, the capacities of the condenser and evaporator are increased compared to the normal specifications for the compressor. In particular, the capacitor doubles the compressor capacity. Now, install the water tank 6 on the condenser 2 side, connect the water tank 6 and the condenser 2 back and forth with the water pipe 8 via the water pump 5, and connect the water tank 6 to the condenser 2.
The water stored in the condenser 2 is circulated through the condenser 2. Similarly, a water tank 6' is installed on the evaporator 4 side, and a water pipe 8' via a water pump 5' connects the water tank 6' and the evaporator 4 back and forth, so that the water stored in the water tank 6' is is circulated through the evaporator 4. Now, water is put into the water tanks 6, 6' and the compressor 1 and water pumps 5, 5' are operated. The refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor 1 and discharged at high pressure and high temperature is sent to the condenser 2, where it exchanges heat with water in the water tank 6 sent by the water pump 5, condenses, and passes through the expansion valve 3. As the pressure and temperature decrease, the water is sent to the evaporator 4, where it exchanges heat with the water in the water tank 6' sent by the water pump 5', evaporates, and returns to the compressor 1. The water that exchanged heat with the refrigerant gas in the condenser 2 rises in temperature and returns to the water tank 6 where it is stored at a high temperature. Similarly, the water that has exchanged heat with the evaporated gas in the evaporator 4 has a lower temperature and returns to the water tank 6' where it is stored at a low temperature. In this way, as time passes, the inside of the water tank 6
The temperature of the water in the water tank 6' gradually increases, and the temperature of the water in the water tank 6' gradually decreases. Here, the condenser capacity is doubled compared to the compressor, so that even if the water in the water tank 6 becomes high temperature and the refrigerant gas becomes high temperature, it can be completely condensed within this condenser. Therefore, the heat pump can operate normally even under such high temperature conditions. To explain in more detail, since the water in the water tank 6 whose water temperature has risen enters the condenser 2, the gas temperature does not drop, and therefore the pressure becomes difficult to drop.
Then, the gas discharged from the condenser is added and the gas pressure and temperature also rise. The temperature of the gas discharged from the compressor rises in proportion to the rise in water temperature. As the temperature of refrigerant gas increases, heat exchange becomes worse, and with normal condenser capacity, refrigerant gas reaches 43℃.
At higher temperatures, it becomes impossible to condense completely.
The temperature further increases, and the water temperature in water tank 6 reaches 50℃.
When the temperature exceeds , the refrigerant gas temperature rises further, but since the condenser capacity is doubled in the present invention, the refrigerant gas that cannot be condensed is sent to the part where the condenser capacity is increased.
Due to the large amount of water being circulated, all of the radiated calories are absorbed by the water and completely condensed. In the heat pump of the present invention, even if the water in the water tank 6 reaches a temperature higher than 60° C., the refrigerant gas is completely condensed and normal operation is guaranteed. Here, the movement on the evaporator side will be explained. It is generally said that the difference between the condensation temperature and evaporation temperature of refrigerant gas is proportional. It was believed that refrigerant gas that was condensed at high temperatures would evaporate at high temperatures. However, a heat pump is a vacuum device in which refrigerant gas flows through pipes, and the pressure and temperature in the evaporator are determined by the flow rate of the gas. Even if the refrigerant gas is condensed at a high temperature, the flow rate is reduced using an expansion valve, the distance from the expansion valve to the evaporator is made longer, or the capacity of the evaporator is increased, thereby lowering the gas temperature and making low-temperature evaporation possible. By forcedly circulating the water stored in the tank on both the condenser and evaporator sides, it is possible to
It is possible to take out hot water above 10°C and cold water below 10°C at the same time. Here, the equipment capacity and refrigerant gas capacity in the heat pump will be explained. Capacity standards for compressors, condensers, evaporators, etc. in heat pumps have been established. It is more efficient to operate at around 80% condensation by adding more gas than the amount required for complete condensation.
This is because even if some gas escapes, there is no problem with driving. Therefore, it was not possible to double the condenser capacity relative to the compressor capacity by adjusting the gas amount as in the present invention. Next, test values according to the present invention are shown. The equipment capacity used is
9000Kcal/h condenser 9000cal/h x 2 total
18000Kcal/h, water evaporator 15000Kcal/h. The test method was to pour 20.7℃ water into the water tank 6 and 42.3℃ hot water into the water tank 6' at 100°C, and to circulate the water by the water pumps 5 and 5' at 60/min in advance.
The following measurements (5 items) were made for the elapsed time when the heat pump and water pump were operated simultaneously. The temperature at each point is measured with a CC thermocouple thermometer, the amount of water circulated by the water pump, the amount of cold water taken out is measured with an oval flowmeter, the condensed gas pressure and evaporated gas pressure are measured with a Bourdon tube pressure gauge, and the current consumption of the compressor is measured with a clamp-type ammeter. there was. Table 1 shows each measurement value versus elapsed time (minutes). C...Temperature inside the water tank on the condenser side (℃),
V... Temperature inside the water tank on the water evaporator side (℃), E... Compressor current consumption value (A), H... Refrigerant gas condensation pressure (Kg/cm ² ), L... Refrigerant gas evaporation pressure (Kg/cm ² )
It is. Note that Freon R12 was used as the refrigerant gas.

[Table] As shown in Table 1, the water temperature is 20.7℃ after 26 minutes.
67.3℃, and inversely proportional to this, the water temperature of 42.3℃ is
The temperature is 8.8℃. After 26 minutes, the temperature rise on the heating side was 46.6℃ (67.3℃−20.7℃).
It becomes 10753Kcal/h. Also, the temperature drop on the cooling side is
It becomes 33.5℃ (42.3℃−8.8℃) and 7730Kal/h. Four minutes later, the temperature on the heating side had reached 70.2°C, but on the cold water side, cold water with an average temperature of 10°C was taken out and city water was replenished. The amount of cold water taken out is 129.5/h, which is equivalent to 3.885 Kcal/h. Also, when hot water and cold water are taken out of the water tanks 6 and 6', the water levels 9 and 9' will drop, so
The floats 11, 11' operate, and the water pipes 10,
Water is automatically replenished from 10'. As detailed above, in the summer, cold water can be used for air conditioning, and hot water can be used for hot water supply, but in the winter, cold water is not used, so if the waste hot water is passed to the water evaporator side, the efficiency of the heat pump will further increase. , high-temperature water can be obtained and used for hot water supply and heating. Furthermore, in the food industry, cold water is produced using a freezer for thawing, and hot water is produced using a boiler for sterilization. However, according to the present invention, since cold and hot water can be extracted at the same time, only boiler equipment costs are required. Instead, it leads to energy savings such as reducing the use of heavy oil and other fuels. Furthermore, since the heat pump of the present invention has a condenser capacity twice that of a conventional heat pump, it can operate normally even when the water circulating in the condenser reaches a high temperature. Therefore, by using this hot water, it is possible to obtain particularly high-temperature hot water, which has a very large effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a system diagram showing the configuration of the present invention. In the figure, 1... Compressor, 2... Condenser, 3... Expansion valve, 4... Evaporator, 5, 5'... Water pump, 6, 6'... Water tank, 7... Gas pipe, 8,
8'...Water pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 In a heat pump consisting of a compressor 1, a condenser 2, and an evaporator 4, a condenser with double the compressor capacity is installed to increase the condensing capacity, a water tank is installed for both the condenser and the evaporator, and the A cold/hot water extraction heat pump that connects the condenser and water tank, and the evaporator and water tank with water pipes, and uses a water pump to forcefully circulate water in both tanks when the compressor is operating.