JPH0331879B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an invert concrete forming apparatus for constructing tunnels and the like.

When pouring concrete for the bottom plate of tunnels, etc.
Conventionally, the surface of concrete has been formed using fixed timber, formwork, concrete finishers, etc., but all of these methods require a large number of people and a long time, and have problems with the finished surface and surface accuracy.

Conventionally, various methods have been tried to overcome these drawbacks, but none of them have been successful.

This invention was made in response to this strong demand.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram thereof. The following description will be given based on these drawings.

The formwork 1 has a mold surface on the bottom that is the same as the surface of the inverted concrete, and the cylinder 4 is mounted on a cart 3 that runs on the bottom surface of the tunnel side wall.
It is supported via a, 4b, and 4c. Cylinders 4a and 4b are located on both sides of the front of the cart 3, and correct the horizontal position of the formwork 1 using hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic circuit of the horizontal maintenance device, and press the concrete immediately after pouring while maintaining the formwork horizontally. The cylinder 4c is located at the rear center of the cart 3, and uses hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic circuit of the pressure holding device to lower the rear of the formwork and apply a constant pressure to the horizontally leveled concrete. Used for finishing concrete surfaces.

Although not shown, a sand bag or the like is placed as a load in the upper recess of the formwork 1 to prevent the ready-mixed concrete from floating due to buoyancy.

Lightweight shaped steels 19a and 19b are temporarily fixed to the lower part of the side wall of the tunnel to serve as the reference for inverting, one of the shaped steels 19a defines only the reference height, and the other shaped steel 19b defines the reference height and formwork center position. Specify.

Also, at the front of the formwork 1, there is a sensor 20 that detects the level of the formwork 1 and a sensor 2 that detects the center position.
There is 1. Then, a signal indicating the distance to the lightweight shaped steel 19a, 19b is sent to the control panel 14, and if there is an abnormality, the solenoid valve in the hydraulic unit 16 is activated, and the leveling cylinders 4a, 4b are activated to level the formwork 1. The position is corrected and the formwork 1 is moved laterally by using a hydraulic cylinder 23 to press a roller 22 attached laterally to the front of the truck 3 against the side wall. In the figure, 5 is a guide for lateral movement.

If it does not return to normal, drive device 7 will be explained later.
The equipment will also be stopped and inspected and adjusted.

The drive device 7 for moving all the devices is a trolley 3.
is fixed in the center. Endless wires 8 are stretched at a constant tension on both sides of the tunnel.
It passes through a sheave 9 fixed to the truck and is wound around the endless drum 10 of the drive device 7 several times. This endless drum 10 is connected to a high-speed drive motor 11 with a reducer, and a clutch 13 is connected to the shaft of this high-speed drive motor 11, and a low-speed drive motor 12 with a reducer is used to drive at a low speed during concrete pouring. are connected via. When concrete is not being poured, the clutch 13 is released and the formwork 1 is pulled up and moved at high speed.

Operations other than movement of the entire device are performed by the hydraulic unit 16. The hydraulic unit 16 includes a hydraulic pump, a solenoid valve, an accumulator, etc., and is connected to each hydraulic device.

A device provided at the front of the truck 3 (shown separately in the figure) is a compaction device 50 for ready-mixed concrete. This device is designed to be pulled up by a cylinder 51 when moving at high speed. The dog-shaped member shown below has a shaft of the same type inside.
A cylinder 55 divided into two halves is fitted on the outer periphery, and the center is connected by a flexible joint (tire type coupling) 56. A spiral rod 57 is fixed around this cylinder 55 to compact the raw concrete while sending it to both sides.

This device operates a hydraulic motor 58 and rotates it via a chain in a chain cover/shaft holding member 59. In addition, as a mechanism for generating vertical vibration for compaction, a hydraulic motor 60 rotates a crank part 61 and a shock absorber 6 is used.
A mechanism for applying vibration to the shaft fixing portion 63 via the shaft fixing portion 63 is incorporated.

In addition, when the spiral rod hits a stone or the like and cannot rotate, and the oil pressure of the rotational hydraulic motor 60 rises above a certain level, the pressure switch (inside the hydraulic unit 16)
is activated and the rotating body is temporarily raised by the hydraulic cylinder 64 for inspection and adjustment. In addition, the wire rope 54 is loosened so that vibrations generated in this device are not transmitted to the trolley 3, and the weight and vibrations of the device are supported by wheels 65.

In this device, first, the rear of the formwork 1 is raised a little and the device is moved back at low speed so that the front end of the formwork 1 reaches the end of the previously poured invert concrete. If the surface of this inverted concrete is higher than the mold surface of the formwork, friction occurs when the device retreats and it cannot be retreated, so the formwork is advanced 1 to 2 m from the end of the inverted concrete to adjust the level. Then, in front of the inverted concrete, fresh concrete is put under and in front of the formwork 1 and compacted while the whole apparatus is moved forward.

The forward force during concrete pouring is transmitted from a drive device 7 to a guide 6 located at the center of the cart via rollers 30 fixed to the formwork 1.

At this time, the hydraulic motor 58 is rotated so that there is always ready-mixed concrete in the weir plates 26 on both sides of the front part of the formwork 1 depending on the supply amount and slump of the ready-mixed concrete. In addition, in order to push the fresh concrete into the lower part of the formwork 1 using the spiral rod 57, the space between the bottom of the tunnel side and the formwork is approximately 10 mm.
There is a gap 28 of cm, and a small plate 27 is installed below the weir plate 26 to prevent fresh concrete from being pushed up into this gap 28. Further, this gap 28 is provided for correcting any errors in the level between the concrete filling and curing inspection and the ready-made invert.

A cylinder 4c at the rear of the truck 3 applies a constant pressure to the concrete formed in the front of the formwork 1, and the pressure in the cylinder 4c is adjusted by a pressure switch 18 at the front of the hydraulic unit 16.

Furthermore, if the supply of ready-mixed concrete is delayed and the concrete hardens under the formwork 1 earlier than planned, it may become impossible to move forward.
At this time, increase the pressure in cylinder 4c (hydraulic pressure is sent only to the bottom of the cylinder via the accumulator. This is the same for 4a and 4b)
Reduces the pressure acting on the concrete.

In addition, when pouring concrete based on the tunnel side wall surface, the lightweight steel sections 19a and 19b are excluded, the accumulators of the cylinders 4a and 4b are also excluded, and hydraulic pressure is applied to both sides of the cylinders to fix the front surface of the formwork.

Further, the guide roller 22 at the front of the truck 3 also sends hydraulic pressure to both sides of the cylinder 23 and fixes the cylinder 23. Then, only the pressure below the rear cylinder 4c is adjusted.

If there are reinforcing bars etc. in the invert, compaction device 5
0 is removed and compacted using a rod vibrator.

In the device of the example shown in the figure, the length of the formwork is 6 m, the width is 4.7 m,
With an invert radius of 9m and fresh concrete with a slump of 12cm, the traction force of the equipment is approximately 2 to 3 tons at a rate of approximately 10cm per minute.

Note that the length of this formwork can be made shorter as the slump is smaller.

Drive device specifications High-speed drive motor 7.5KW6P Reduction ratio 1/150 Low-speed drive motor 400W, DC200V 0-1800RPM Reduction ratio 1/43 Total reduction ratio at low speed 1/6450 This invention consists of the above configuration, and the horizontal alignment of the formwork Since inverted concrete is formed by continuous movement using hydraulic pressure to maintain the level and adjust the pressure applied to the concrete, the equipment can maintain the level and adjust the pressure freely and reliably. Construction speed can be significantly increased. Mechanization also reduces the number of people required for construction. Compacting the concrete can be done at the same time, and the cylinders of the leveling device on both sides of the front keep the formwork horizontal and leveling the concrete, and the cylinder of the pressure holding device in the center of the rear lowers the back of the formwork and smooths the concrete surface. Since the finished surface is molded, the surface accuracy of the finished surface is good.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the device according to the invention, and FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram thereof. 1...Formwork, 2...Wheels, 3...Dolly, 4a,
4b, 4c... cylinder, 5, 6... guide,
7... Drive device, 8... Endless wire, 9
...Sheep, 10...Endless Drum, 11,
12... Drive motor, 13... Clutch, 1
6...Hydraulic unit, 18...Hydraulic switch, 1
9a, 19b...Lightweight steel, 20...Sensor,
21...Sensor, 22...Guide roller, 23
... Hydraulic cylinder, 26 ... Weir plate, 27 ... Small plate, 28 ... Between, 30 ... Roller, 50 ... Compaction device, 51 ... Cylinder, 54 ... Wire rope, 55 ... Tube , 56...flexible joint, 57...
...Spiral rod, 58...Hydraulic motor, 59...
Shaft holding member, 60...Hydraulic motor, 61
... Crank part, 62 ... Shock absorber,
63...Shaft fixing part, 64...Hydraulic cylinder, 65...Wheel.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A formwork whose bottom has a form surface having the same surface as the surface of the inverted concrete, a drive device installed on a bogie that runs on the bottom surface of the lower edge of the tunnel side wall, and a formwork installed on the bogie. Hydraulic circuits for the horizontal maintenance device that maintains the level and presses the concrete to level it, and the pressure maintenance device that lowers the rear of the formwork and applies constant pressure to the concrete to finish the surface. The formwork is supported by the truck via the cylinders of the leveling device located on both sides of the front of the truck and the cylinder of the pressure maintaining device located at the center of the rear of the truck. . An invert concrete forming apparatus, wherein the compaction device is provided at the front part of the truck.