JPH0330472Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a device that can reliably detect the open/closed state of a cutter slit, which cannot be directly seen by a worker, in a mechanical excavation shield for tunnel construction.

A mud water pressurized shield generally has a configuration as shown in FIG. 1, where arrow A indicates the direction of excavation, 1 is a rotary cutter wheel, and 2 is a garter portion of the shield. The frontmost part of the garter part 2 has a watertight structure and is partitioned by a bulkhead 3 made to be able to withstand mud water pressure sufficiently to prevent mud water and earth and sand from entering the general pit 5.

Since the muddy water pressurized shield generally has the above-described structure, a worker located behind the bulkhead 3 cannot directly view the inside of the chamber 4 and the cutter wheel 1.

FIG. 2A shows the cutter wheel 1 seen from the front of the shield, and FIG. 2B shows the main part of the section taken along line X-X' in FIG. 2A. The cutter wheel 1 can be freely rotated by power around a central axis 6. This cutter wheel is provided with an excavated soil intake port 8 (hereinafter referred to as a cutter slit) in which a large number of cutter bits 7, 7, ... 7 are arranged, and a gate for opening and closing the cutter slit, which will be described later, is provided on the rear surface of the cutter slit. A plate 9 is provided. In addition to the cutter slits 8 shown in solid lines, a plurality of cutter slits are arranged on the surface of the cutter wheel 1 at positions spaced apart at equal angles with respect to the central axis 6. Positions B and C shown by imaginary lines indicate cutter slit positions when four cutter slits are provided.

There are various types of opening/closing devices for the cutter slit opening/closing gate plate, but they can be broadly classified into the following three types.

1 A structure in which the gate plate swings (hereinafter referred to as swing type).

FIG. 3 is a diagram of this type as seen from the rear in the direction of excavation. The gate plate 10 is rotatably supported around the central axis 6 of the cutter wheel 1, and is swung by a hydraulic jack 11 to cover or open the opening of the cutter slit 8. ing.

2 A structure in which the gate plate slides in parallel (hereinafter referred to as the "parallel sliding plate type").

FIG. 4A is a view of this type as seen from the rear, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY' in FIG. 4A. Two gate plates 12, 12 covering each half of the cutter slit 8 are slid in the directions of arrows D, E, and D', E' by hydraulic jacks 13, 13, respectively, to cover and open the cutter slit 8. It is becoming more and more common.

3 A structure in which the gate plate rotates like a door (hereinafter referred to as a rotating door type).

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of this type.

Two gate plates 14 are provided for one cutter slit. The figure shows one of them. A gate plate 14 shown by a solid line is rotatably supported on the edge 16 of the cutter slit by a shaft 15, and is rotated by the expansion and contraction of a hydraulic jack 17. The gate plate 14 indicated by a solid line indicates the closed door position, and the imaginary line indicates the open door position. 7 is the aforementioned Katsutabito.

Since the opening/closing amount of these cutter slit opening/closing gate plates cannot be visually observed by the operator as described above, a simulated jack is conventionally provided to display the opening/closing amount. FIG. 6 shows the above-mentioned swing type opening/closing device (FIG. 3) with a simulated jack attached, and the gate plate 10 is rotated around the central axis 6 by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic jack 11. This is similar to the device shown in FIG. Simulated joke 18
is provided at a position visible to the operator, and is interposed in a hydraulic conduit 20 that connects the hydraulic jack 11 for driving the gate plate and the operating valve 19 for the jack. This simulated jack 18 is connected to the piping so that it contracts when the hydraulic jack 11 is extended and expands when the hydraulic jack 11 contracts. It is possible to infer the state, that is, the open/closed state of the cutter slit.
The telescopic display device using this simulated jack 18 is
It is very useful because it not only shows the telescopic posture of the hydraulic jack 11 but also the speed of its telescopic operation, but after using it for a long time, you will notice internal leaks of the hydraulic jack 11 and simulated jack 18.
This has the disadvantage that errors occur in the expanded/contracted display due to internal leakage.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-17627 discloses a device which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and allows the degree of opening to be mechanically displayed in conjunction with the opening and closing of the gate plate. However, since the detection device is pin-coupled to the gate, this device has a structure in which the detection device rotates together with the cutter wheel, and it is necessary to secure a place where the detection device can rotate together with the cutter wheel. Therefore, although it can be applied to a peripheral support type, it cannot be applied to a center shaft type. Not only that, this method also has a fifth gate plate in which the gate plate rotates like a door.
Although it can be applied to the method shown in the figure, it cannot be applied to the method shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

The present invention improves the problems of the prior art as described above, and allows the opening and closing state of the gate plate to be detected by directly sensing the opening and closing of the gate plate using a detection device installed independently of the cutter wheel. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a detection device which can be applied, in particular, to a gate plate opening/closing device for opening and closing cutter slits of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

7A and 7B show the operating mechanism of the device according to the present invention, which is fixed through the bulkhead 3 described in FIG. 1. FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of arrow F in FIG. 7A. Next, these seventh
The configuration will be explained with reference to Figures A and B and Figure 8. As shown in FIG. 7A, the tubular case 22 to which the flange 21 is fixed is passed through a hole 23 bored in the bulk head 3 at a position immediately behind the gate plate for opening and closing the cutter slit, and the flange 2
1 to the bulkhead 2 in a watertight manner. 24 is a mounting bolt, 25
is a washi spring.

Bushes 26, 26 are fitted into the tubular case 22 near both ends thereof, and a shaft 27 passes through the bushes. This shaft 27 is made to be slidable in the directions of arrows G and H within the bushes 26, 26, and is kept watertight with the case 22 by U gaskets 28, 28. A hole 29 is bored from one end (right side in the figure) of the shaft 27, and the shaft 27 has a hollow cylindrical shape with a bottom. A female thread 30 is formed near the entrance of the hole 29. On the other hand, the shaft 31 is formed with a male thread that matches the female thread 30 described above.

An enlarged cross section near the right end of these shafts 27 and 31 is shown in FIG. 7B. Shaft 31
A thread 31a is formed along the entire length except for the right end portion, and is screwed into an internal thread 30 formed at the entrance of a hole 29 bored in the shaft 27. Near the right end of the shaft 31, a large diameter part 31b and a small diameter part 31c are formed so as to fit loosely with the large diameter part 33a and small diameter part 33b of a stepped through hole bored in the bracket 33, respectively. There is. The shaft 31 is rotatably fitted into the bracket 33 with the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion corresponding to each other, and a handle 32 for manual turning is attached to the right end thereof and fastened with a handle attachment bolt 32a.

The bracket 33 is fixed to the flange 21 by bolts 36 and washer springs 37, as shown in FIG. 7A. This bracket 33 is provided with a groove-shaped hole 38 parallel to the shaft 27. And a rectangular plate-shaped slider 3
9 is fixed on one side to the shaft 27, and its tip is inserted into the groove-shaped hole 38 of the bracket mentioned above. In this way, the shaft 27 is allowed to slide in the directions of arrows G and H, and is prevented from rotating around the axis. Figure 8 shows arrow F in Figure 7 A.
FIG. 3 is a view of the groove-shaped hole 38 viewed from the front direction.

A pointer 40 is attached to the slider 39 to indicate the axial sliding position of the shaft 27. Reference numerals 41, 42 and 43 are indicators attached to the bracket 33 to indicate its sliding position. The indicators may be provided at several appropriate locations as in this embodiment, or a scale plate or a leveling rod may be attached instead of the plurality of indicators 41, 42, 43 as in this embodiment.

In the device shown in FIG. 7A, the shaft 31 rotates when the handle 32 is turned to the right or left, but the shaft 27 screwed onto the shaft 31 is prevented from rotating by the slider 39. Therefore, as the shaft 31 rotates, it is moved in the direction of arrow G or H.

In this way, when a worker behind the bulkhead 3 (on the right in the figure) operates the handle 32, the tip of the shaft 27 extends in the direction of arrow H while maintaining watertight contact with the case 22, which is fixed through the bulkhead. The cutter slit can be moved closer to the gate plate for opening and closing the cutter slit, or it can be contracted in the direction of arrow G and separated from the gate plate.

The method of applying the device according to the present invention to the gate plate opening/closing device for opening and closing cutter slits of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 will be described in detail later, but when using the device according to the present invention, teeth,
In any case, operate the cutter wheel so that the back of the gate plate for opening and closing the cutter slit is placed in a position corresponding to the shaft 27 of the detection device,
Stop at the same position. This operation is performed by detecting the rotational position of the cutter slit opening/closing gate plate using a cutter wheel rotation angle detection device conventionally used in this type of shield excavator (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 138158/1983). It can be easily achieved if you can do it. Next, the worker manually operates the handle 32 to rotate the shaft 27.
When the shaft 27 is extended in the direction of arrow H and the tip of the shaft 27 collides with the back of the cutter slit opening/closing gate plate, the extension of the shaft 27 is blocked.
The operator can detect that the shaft 27 has collided with the cutter slit opening/closing gate plate. The worker is at the rear of the bulkhead 3 (to the right in the figure) and cannot directly see the opening/closing amount of the gate plate, but as mentioned above, the shaft 27 acts as a detection rod, and the worker can see the bulkhead 3. The shaft 27 can be freely expanded and contracted from the rear of the gate 3, and the amount of opening and closing of the gate plate can be determined by visually observing the position of the pointer 40. The details are as follows.

FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the detection device according to the present invention is applied to the parallel sliding plate type opening/closing device shown in FIG. 4 previously. Two devices shown in FIG. 7 are fixedly installed through the bulkhead 3 at rear positions of the two gate plates 12, 12, respectively. and gate plate 1
Stoppers 44, 44 having sloped surfaces are fixed to the rear surfaces of 2, 12, respectively. For the purpose of explanation, FIG. 9 shows a state in which the upper gate plate 12 is open and the lower gate plate 12 is closed.

Since the lower gate plate 12 is closed, the stopper 44 fixed thereto is in a position such that the vicinity of the top of the slope corresponds to the shaft 27. Therefore, when an attempt is made to extend the shaft 27 by turning the handle 32, the shaft 27 collides with the stopper 44 after it has been extended only a little, and this can be detected.
Also, since the upper gate plate 12 is open, the gate plate 12 on the slope of the stopper 44 fixed thereto
The portion close to the shaft 27 faces the shaft 27.
Therefore, when the shaft 27 is extended by turning the handle 32, it collides with the stopper 44 when the shaft 27 has been extended almost to its full stroke, allowing the operator to detect that the gate plate is open. In this way, the worker can detect the permissible extension range of the shaft 27 of the device according to the present invention even if he cannot directly see the gate plate, and determine the extension dimension according to the above-mentioned guideline 40 (Fig. 8). You can know it. Since the position of the stopper 44 facing the shaft 27 differs depending on the various opening degrees, such as when the gate plate 12 is half open or 1/4 open, the allowable extension dimension of the shaft 27 is adjusted depending on each state. Change. In this way, the operator can steplessly detect intermediate opening degrees between the fully open state and the fully closed state.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which the device according to the present invention is applied to the Z-Z' sectional view of the swinging type opening/closing device shown in FIG. A gate plate 10 on the back side of the cutter slit 8 provided on the cutter wheel 1 is adapted to move in the directions of arrows I and J to open and close the cutter slit, and a stopper 45 having a slope is fixed to the back side of the gate plate 12. There is. A device according to the present invention is provided behind the gate plate 10. When the gate plate 10 is in the position covering the cutter slit, the tip of the shaft 27 is spaced apart from the center of the slope of the stopper 45 (the state shown in FIG. 10). From this state, when the gate plate 10 moves in the direction of arrow 1 to open the cutter slit 8, the shaft 27 moves the gate plate 10 on the slope of the stopper 45 according to the degree of opening.
It comes to face the part close to . The principle by which the opening degree of the gate plate 10 can be detected by such an operation is similar to the embodiment of the parallel sliding plate type opening/closing device described with reference to FIG.

As explained above, the device of the present invention can be applied whether the gate plate opening/closing device is a swinging type or a parallel sliding plate type, and in either case, the device can be applied to the opening/closing device of the gate plate. It does not interfere with the operation of the. The device of the present invention is installed through the bulkhead and is configured to detect when the tip of the shaft comes into direct contact with a stopper fixed to the back of the gate plate, so there is no risk of measurement errors. Moreover, since the detection device is independent of the cutter wheel side, there is an advantage that it can be applied to the center shaft type mechanical digging shield shown in the embodiment without any problems.

Although the device of the present invention cannot actually measure the opening degree of the gate plate while the cutter wheel is rotating and excavating, it can accurately measure the opening degree when the cutter wheel is stopped as described above. It has great practical value, as it can be used in conjunction with a simulated jack (reference number 18 in FIG. 6) to periodically correct the display position of the simulated jack.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a screw is used as a method for sliding the shaft 27, but it may be made to slide using a link, a lever, a gear, a hydraulic jack, a pneumatic jack, etc. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a sectional view of the muddy water pressurized shield, Figure 2 A is a front view of the cutter wheel of the shield, Figure 2 B is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X' in Figure 2 A, and Figure 3 is a swinging view. Figure 4A is a front view of the parallel sliding plate type cutter slit opening/closing device, Figure 4B is a cross-sectional Y-Y view of Figure 4A, and Figure 5
The figure is a cross-sectional view of a revolving door type cutter slit opening/closing device.
FIG. 6 is a functional explanatory diagram of the simulated cylinder. 7th
Figure A is a cross-sectional view of the detection rod operating mechanism according to the present invention, Figure 7B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of Figure 7A, and Figure 8
9 is an explanatory diagram of the operation in one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the operation in an embodiment different from the above. 3...Bulk head, 8...Cut slit,
9, 10, 12... Gate plate for opening and closing cutter slit, 27... Shaft, 28... U packing, 3
1... Shaft, 32... Hand crank, 4
4,45...stoppa.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In the mechanical drilling shield, an annular case passing through the bulkhead is fixed to the bulkhead, and a shaft is slid in the axial direction inside the annular case, and its tip contacts the back side of the gate plate for opening and closing the cutter slit. inserts and supports it so that it can be inserted, and
A sliding mechanism for sliding the shaft in the axial direction and a display device for displaying the amount of sliding are provided behind the bulkhead, and a stopper having surfaces of different heights is provided on the back of the gate plate for opening and closing the cutter slit. and displaying on the display device the amount of sliding of the shaft until the tip of the shaft comes into contact with the stopper on the back of the gate plate in a state where the back of the gate plate for opening and closing the cutter slit is opposed to the tip of the shaft. 1. A device for detecting the amount of opening and closing of a cutter slit in a mechanically excavated shield, characterized in that the opening and closing state of the cutter slit can be detected.