JPH0329413B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0329413B2
JPH0329413B2 JP56076079A JP7607981A JPH0329413B2 JP H0329413 B2 JPH0329413 B2 JP H0329413B2 JP 56076079 A JP56076079 A JP 56076079A JP 7607981 A JP7607981 A JP 7607981A JP H0329413 B2 JPH0329413 B2 JP H0329413B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
balloon
observation window
recess
receiving scanning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP56076079A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS57190551A (en
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to JP56076079A priority Critical patent/JPS57190551A/en
Priority to US06/377,024 priority patent/US4433692A/en
Priority to EP82104361A priority patent/EP0066185B1/en
Priority to AT82104361T priority patent/ATE16148T1/en
Priority to DE8282104361T priority patent/DE3266996D1/en
Publication of JPS57190551A publication Critical patent/JPS57190551A/en
Publication of JPH0329413B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0329413B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe
    • A61B8/4461—Features of the scanning mechanism, e.g. for moving the transducer within the housing of the probe
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00165—Optical arrangements with light-conductive means, e.g. fibre optics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe
    • A61B8/445—Details of catheter construction

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Abstract

An ultrasonic wave diagnosis device includes an ultrasonic wave transmission/reception scanner disposed at a distal end of an insertion section and having an ultrasonic wave oscillator therein, and a balloon surrounding the scanner and inflated outwardly by supplying an ultrasonic wave propagation liquid medium. A recess is formed in part of a circumferential surface of the insertion section, in the vicinity of the balloon in which an observation optical system is disposed to have a field of sight toward the balloon.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明は、体腔内に挿入して使用される内視
鏡機能を備えた超音波診断装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus having an endoscopic function and used by being inserted into a body cavity.

この種の装置は、超音波を伝播させるために超
音波診断中は超音波送受信走査部を体腔壁に密着
させる必要がある。このため、従来たとえば第１
図に示されるように、挿入部ａの先端部分に配置
した超音波送受信走査部ｂを、内部に超音波伝播
媒体液を満たした膨張収縮自在なバルーンｃで包
囲し、このバルーンｃを介して超音波を体腔壁に
伝達させるようにしている。しかしながら上記挿
入部ａの先端部分には、超音波送受信走査部ｂと
並んで観察窓部ｄも設けられているため、上記の
ようにバルーンｃを体腔壁に密着させると、この
観察窓部ｄに体腔壁が接近または密着してしまう
ことがあり、超音波診断部位を目視観察できなく
なることがあつた。 In this type of device, the ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning unit must be brought into close contact with the body cavity wall during ultrasonic diagnosis in order to propagate ultrasonic waves. For this reason, conventionally, for example, the first
As shown in the figure, an ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning section b disposed at the distal end of the insertion section a is surrounded by an expandable and deflated balloon c filled with an ultrasonic propagation medium liquid. The ultrasound waves are transmitted to the walls of the body cavity. However, since an observation window d is provided at the distal end of the insertion section a along with the ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning section b, when the balloon c is brought into close contact with the body cavity wall as described above, the observation window d In some cases, the body cavity walls came close to or in close contact with each other, making it impossible to visually observe the ultrasound diagnostic site.

そこでこの欠点を解決する一手段として、たと
えばリンク機構などを用いて超音波送受信走査部
を観察窓部に対して平行移動可能に構成し、超音
波診断時にこの超音波送受信走査部のみを観察窓
部に対して平行的に突出させて体腔壁に密着させ
ることにより、観察窓部を体腔壁から離して視野
を確保できるようにしたものも提供されている。
しかしながらこの場合、超音波送受信走査部を移
動させる機構が複雑となるからコスト高になると
ともに、挿入部先端が大形化する原因にもなり、
かつ操作が難かしくなるという問題があつた。 Therefore, as a means to solve this drawback, the ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning unit is configured to be movable parallel to the observation window using a link mechanism, for example, and only this ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning unit is moved through the observation window during ultrasound diagnosis. There is also a device in which the observation window is made to protrude parallel to the body cavity wall and come into close contact with the body cavity wall, thereby making it possible to secure a field of view by moving the observation window part away from the body cavity wall.
However, in this case, the mechanism for moving the ultrasonic transmitter/receiver scanning unit becomes complicated, which increases costs and also causes the tip of the insertion part to become larger.
Another problem was that it was difficult to operate.

この発明は上記事情にもとづきなされたもので
その目的とするところは、簡単な構造で観察窓部
の視野を確保でき、安価でしかも挿入部先端が大
形化することもなく、操作も簡単な超音波診断装
置を提供することにある。 This invention was made based on the above circumstances, and its purpose is to secure a field of view through the observation window with a simple structure, to be inexpensive, without increasing the size of the tip of the insertion tube, and to be easy to operate. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic diagnostic device.

以下この発明を、第２図ないし第４図に示す一
実施例を参照して説明する。図中１は体腔内に挿
入される可撓性の挿入部であつて、この挿入部１
は操作手元側の操作部２に連結されている。ま
た、上記挿入部１の先端部分には湾曲自在な湾曲
部３が設けられている。この湾曲部３は、操作部
２に設けた湾曲操作ノブ４を回動することによつ
て、図示しない伝達ワイヤを介して自由な湾曲度
で湾曲できるようになつている。 The present invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a flexible insertion section that is inserted into a body cavity.
is connected to the operating section 2 on the operating hand side. Further, a bendable portion 3 is provided at the distal end portion of the insertion portion 1. The bending portion 3 can be bent to any degree of curvature by rotating a bending operation knob 4 provided on the operation portion 2 via a transmission wire (not shown).

そして上記湾曲部３の先端側に位置する先端部
５には、観察窓部６と超音波送受信走査部７とが
設けられている。この超音波送受信走査部７は、
第３図に詳図したように、内部に超音波振動子８
を収容してある。この超音波振動子８は、軸部９
と一体に、先端部５の周方向に回動できるように
なつている。この軸部９はベアリング等の軸受１
０，１０を介して先端構成部材５ａに支持されて
おり、図示しない駆動軸によつて回転されるよう
になつている。１１は超音波信号を伝送する信号
線、１２はダンパ材であつて、このダンパ材１２
は、超音波振動子８の後方に伝わる超音波を吸収
する機能をもつ。また、超音波振動子８の周囲に
は超音波伝播媒体液１３が満たしてあり、プラス
チツク製のキヤツプ１４によつて液密が保たれて
いる。 The distal end portion 5 located on the distal end side of the curved portion 3 is provided with an observation window portion 6 and an ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning portion 7. This ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning section 7 is
As shown in detail in Figure 3, there is an ultrasonic transducer 8 inside.
It accommodates. This ultrasonic transducer 8 has a shaft portion 9
It is designed to be able to rotate in the circumferential direction of the tip portion 5 together with the tip portion 5. This shaft portion 9 is a bearing 1 such as a bearing.
It is supported by the tip component 5a via pins 0 and 10, and is rotated by a drive shaft (not shown). 11 is a signal line for transmitting ultrasonic signals, 12 is a damper material, and this damper material 12
has a function of absorbing ultrasonic waves transmitted to the rear of the ultrasonic transducer 8. Further, the ultrasonic transducer 8 is filled with an ultrasonic propagation medium liquid 13, and is kept liquid-tight by a plastic cap 14.

そしてこの超音波送受信走査部７の外側を包囲
するバルーン１５が取付けられている。このバル
ーン１５は弾性を有する収縮自在な素材からな
り、送液路１６を通じて内部に超音波伝播媒体液
１７を出し入れすることにより、膨張収縮できる
ようになつている。 A balloon 15 surrounding the outside of the ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning section 7 is attached. The balloon 15 is made of an elastic and contractible material, and can be expanded and contracted by introducing and removing an ultrasonic propagation medium liquid 17 into and out of the balloon through a liquid supply path 16.

そして上記バルーン１５の外側の近傍位置に凹
部２０が形成されている。この凹部２０は、金属
製の先端構成部材５ａの側面を切削加工すること
によつて形成されており、上記超音波送受信走査
部７側が深くなるような傾斜面２１を備えて構成
されている。そしてこの傾斜面２１に、観察窓部
６を配置してある。この観察窓部６は、対物レン
ズ系２２を備えた観察窓２３と照明窓２４など、
観察に必要な光学部材からなる。上記対物レンズ
系２２には光フアイバ等を使用したイメージガイ
ド２５の入射端が対向させてあり、このイメージ
ガイド２５の出射端側は、挿入部１内を通つて接
眼部２６に導びいてある。一方、照明窓２４の内
側には、図示しないライトガイドの出射端が対向
させてあり、このライトガイドの入射端側は、ユ
ニバーサルコード２７を通り、コネクタ部２８を
介して図示しない光源装置に接続できるようにな
つている。 A recess 20 is formed near the outside of the balloon 15. The recess 20 is formed by cutting the side surface of the metal tip component 5a, and includes an inclined surface 21 that is deeper on the ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning section 7 side. An observation window section 6 is arranged on this inclined surface 21. This observation window section 6 includes an observation window 23 equipped with an objective lens system 22, an illumination window 24, etc.
Consists of optical members necessary for observation. An input end of an image guide 25 using an optical fiber or the like is opposed to the objective lens system 22, and an output end of the image guide 25 passes through the insertion section 1 and is guided to the eyepiece section 26. be. On the other hand, the output end of a light guide (not shown) is opposed to the inside of the illumination window 24, and the input end of this light guide passes through a universal cord 27 and is connected to a light source device (not shown) via a connector part 28. I'm starting to be able to do it.

また、上記傾斜面２１には、送気送水ノズル３
０および吸引口３１が設けられている。この吸引
口３１にはチヤネルチユーブ３２が連通してお
り、このチヤネルチユーブを介して吸引できるよ
うになつている。また、上記送気送水ノズル３０
には、送気送水源に接続されるチユーブ３３が接
続されている。 Further, on the inclined surface 21, an air/water supply nozzle 3 is provided.
0 and a suction port 31 are provided. A channel tube 32 is in communication with this suction port 31, and suction can be carried out through this channel tube. In addition, the air/water supply nozzle 30
A tube 33 connected to an air/water supply source is connected to the tube 33 .

以上のように構成された超音波診断装置は、バ
ルーン１５を縮めた状態で挿入部１を体腔内に挿
入する。そして観察窓部６によつて体腔内を観察
しつつ、超音波送受信走査部７を目的の被診断部
位Ａに位置させる。そして、送液路１６を通じて
超音波伝播媒体液１７をバルーン１５内に送り込
み、バルーン１５を膨張させる。そして湾曲操作
ノブ４を操作して湾曲部３を湾曲させ、バルーン
１５を被診断部位Ａに密着させる。これによつて
超音波の伝播が可能となるから図示しない超音波
駆動装置によつて超音波振動子８から超音波を発
信させつつ超音波振動子８を先端部５の軸まわり
に回転させる。発信された超音波は被診断部位Ａ
の内部組織にて反射され、そのエコー波が超音波
振動子８に受信される。そしてエコー波信号は、
信号線１１を介して伝送され、画像処理されて図
示しない表示装置に超音波断層像として表示され
る。また、バルーン１５を収縮させるには、送液
路１６を通じて、超音波伝播媒体液１７を排出す
る。 In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus configured as described above, the insertion section 1 is inserted into the body cavity with the balloon 15 contracted. Then, while observing the inside of the body cavity through the observation window section 6, the ultrasound transmitting/receiving scanning section 7 is positioned at the target region A to be diagnosed. Then, the ultrasonic propagation medium liquid 17 is fed into the balloon 15 through the liquid feeding path 16 to inflate the balloon 15. Then, the user operates the bending operation knob 4 to bend the bending portion 3 and bring the balloon 15 into close contact with the region A to be diagnosed. This enables the propagation of ultrasonic waves, so the ultrasonic transducer 8 is rotated around the axis of the tip portion 5 while transmitting ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic transducer 8 using an ultrasonic driving device (not shown). The transmitted ultrasound is the area to be diagnosed A
The echo wave is reflected by the internal tissue of the ultrasonic transducer 8, and the echo wave is received by the ultrasonic transducer 8. And the echo wave signal is
The image is transmitted via the signal line 11, subjected to image processing, and displayed as an ultrasonic tomographic image on a display device (not shown). Further, in order to deflate the balloon 15, the ultrasonic propagation medium liquid 17 is discharged through the liquid feeding path 16.

このように超音波診断中はバルーン１５が被診
断部位Ａに押し付けられて密着するため、周囲の
体腔壁A1は先端部５の側面に接近する。しかし
この超音波診断装置によれば、バルーン１５の近
傍に形成した凹部２０に観察窓部６を配置してあ
るから、体腔壁A1が観察窓部６に密着すること
がなく、視野を確保することができる。そして観
察窓２３および照明窓２４を傾斜面２１に設けて
あり、バルーン１５が容易に視野の中に入るよう
にしてあるから、超音波による被診断部位Ａを視
野に入れることができる。 In this manner, during ultrasonic diagnosis, the balloon 15 is pressed against the region A to be diagnosed and comes into close contact with it, so that the surrounding body cavity wall A 1 approaches the side surface of the distal end portion 5 . However, according to this ultrasonic diagnostic device, since the observation window 6 is placed in the recess 20 formed near the balloon 15, the body cavity wall A1 does not come into close contact with the observation window 6, ensuring a good field of view. can do. Since the observation window 23 and the illumination window 24 are provided on the inclined surface 21 so that the balloon 15 can easily enter the field of view, the region A to be diagnosed by ultrasound can be brought into the field of view.

したがつて、被診断部位Ａの位置決め、いわゆ
るオリエンテーリングを容易に行なうことができ
るとともに、被診断部位Ａの表面の状態を常に把
握して超音波診断を進めることができる。 Therefore, positioning of the region A to be diagnosed, so-called orienteering, can be easily performed, and the state of the surface of the region A to be diagnosed can be constantly grasped to proceed with ultrasonic diagnosis.

超音波による像だけでは、その超音波像がどこ
の断面の像であるかが判断できないが、本実施例
のようにバルーン１５の一部を観察窓部６の視野
内に入れることで、体腔内の状態を常に見ながら
超音波診断を行なつている部位を確認できる。こ
のため超音波診断の信頼性が向上する。 Although it is not possible to determine which cross-section the ultrasound image is from only by looking at the ultrasound image, by placing a part of the balloon 15 within the field of view of the observation window 6 as in this embodiment, it is possible to detect the body cavity. You can check the area being ultrasonically diagnosed while constantly checking the internal condition. This improves the reliability of ultrasound diagnosis.

なお上記一実施例では傾斜面２１に観察窓部を
設けることによつて観察方向をバルーン側に傾け
ているが、たとえば光軸自体を前側に傾けたいわ
ゆる斜視形の観察光学系を採用するなどして、視
野内にバルーンが入る場合には、傾斜面は必らず
しも必要となるものではない。 In the above-mentioned embodiment, the observation direction is tilted toward the balloon by providing an observation window on the inclined surface 21, but for example, a so-called oblique-type observation optical system in which the optical axis itself is tilted forward is adopted. Therefore, when the balloon enters the field of view, the inclined surface is not necessarily required.

この発明は以上説明したように、バルーンの近
傍位置における先端部の側面に凹部を形成し、こ
の凹部内でかつバルーンの一部が視野内に入るよ
うにして観察窓部を配置したものである。したが
つて、超音波送受信走査部を観察窓部に対して移
動させるような複雑な機構を要することなく、こ
の凹部の存在によつて、超音波診断中も観察窓部
の視野を確保できるとともに、超音波による診断
中の部位を目視できる。したがつて目視観察と超
音波を併用した的確な診断を下すことができるだ
けでなく、構造が簡単で安価に提供でき、かつ簡
単な操作で確実に視野が確保できる。また挿入部
先端が大形化することもなく、先端部の小形化に
寄与できるなど、その効果は大きい。 As explained above, in this invention, a recess is formed on the side surface of the tip in the vicinity of the balloon, and the observation window is arranged within this recess so that a part of the balloon enters the field of view. . Therefore, the presence of this recess allows the field of view of the observation window to be secured during ultrasound diagnosis without requiring a complicated mechanism to move the ultrasound transmitting/receiving scanning unit relative to the observation window. , the site being diagnosed by ultrasound can be visually observed. Therefore, not only can an accurate diagnosis be made using both visual observation and ultrasound, but the structure is simple and can be provided at low cost, and the visual field can be reliably secured with simple operation. Further, the distal end of the insertion portion does not become large in size and contributes to miniaturization of the distal end, which has a great effect.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は従来の超音波診断装置の先端部の一例
を示す側面図、第２図ないし第４図はこの発明の
一実施例を示し、第２図は超音波診断装置の側面
図、第３図は先端部の断面図、第４図は観察窓部
の平面図である。 １……挿入部、５……先端部、６……観察窓
部、７……超音波送受信走査部、８……超音波振
勤子、１５……バルーン、１７……超音波伝播媒
体液、２０……凹部。 FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of the tip of a conventional ultrasound diagnostic device, FIGS. 2 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the ultrasound diagnostic device, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the tip, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of the observation window. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Insertion part, 5... Tip part, 6... Observation window part, 7... Ultrasonic transmission/reception scanning part, 8... Ultrasonic vibrator, 15... Balloon, 17... Ultrasonic propagation medium liquid , 20... recess.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １ 挿入部の先端部に設けられ超音波振動子を内
蔵した超音波送受信走査部と、この超音波送受信
走査部の外側を包囲しかつ内部に超音波伝播媒体
液を満たした膨張収縮自在なバルーンと、このバ
ルーンの後端近傍に位置しかつ上記先端部の側面
に形成された凹部と、この凹部内に被検体を照明
する照明窓および被検体を観察する観察窓とを有
し上記バルーンの一部が視野内に入るように配置
された観察窓部とを具備したことを特徴とする超
音波診断装置。 ２ 上記凹部は、上記超音波送受信走査部側が深
くなるような傾斜面を備えて形成され、この傾斜
面に上記観察窓部を配置したことを特徴とする特
許請求の範囲第１項記載の超音波診断装置。[Claims] 1. An ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning section provided at the distal end of the insertion section and containing an ultrasonic transducer, and an ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning section that surrounds the outside and is filled with an ultrasonic propagation medium liquid. a recess located near the rear end of the balloon and formed on the side surface of the tip; an illumination window for illuminating a subject within the recess; and an observation window for observing the subject. and an observation window arranged so that a part of the balloon enters the field of view. 2. The ultrasonic device according to claim 1, wherein the recess is formed with an inclined surface that is deeper toward the ultrasonic transmitting/receiving scanning section, and the observation window is disposed on this inclined surface. Sonic diagnostic equipment.
JP56076079A 1981-05-20 1981-05-20 Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus Granted JPS57190551A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56076079A JPS57190551A (en) 1981-05-20 1981-05-20 Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus
US06/377,024 US4433692A (en) 1981-05-20 1982-05-11 Ultrasonic diagnosis device
EP82104361A EP0066185B1 (en) 1981-05-20 1982-05-18 Ultrasonic diagnosis device
AT82104361T ATE16148T1 (en) 1981-05-20 1982-05-18 ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE.
DE8282104361T DE3266996D1 (en) 1981-05-20 1982-05-18 Ultrasonic diagnosis device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56076079A JPS57190551A (en) 1981-05-20 1981-05-20 Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4037191A Division JPH0592004A (en) 1992-01-28 1992-01-28 Ultrasonic diagnosing device
JP4037192A Division JPH0734804B2 (en) 1992-01-28 1992-01-28 Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS57190551A JPS57190551A (en) 1982-11-24
JPH0329413B2 true JPH0329413B2 (en) 1991-04-24

Family

ID=13594802

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP56076079A Granted JPS57190551A (en) 1981-05-20 1981-05-20 Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4433692A (en)
EP (1) EP0066185B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57190551A (en)
AT (1) ATE16148T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3266996D1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0066185B1 (en) 1985-10-23
ATE16148T1 (en) 1985-11-15
EP0066185A1 (en) 1982-12-08
DE3266996D1 (en) 1985-11-28
US4433692A (en) 1984-02-28
JPS57190551A (en) 1982-11-24

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