JPH0328774A - Control device for electromagnet device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a hamming while reducing a power consumption by switching a rectified output so as to periodically repeat the current applying and non-applying conditions in plural times for every half wave. CONSTITUTION:A voltage of AC power supply 11 is rectified 12 in full-wave and converted to a pulsating voltage, and both terminals 13A, 13B are cut off from the power supply by a switch SW 10 for a certain time and simultaneously short-circuited by a coupled switch SW 20 to make a voltage supply for electromagnet device 14 to zero. Then, the short-circuit for both terminals 13A,13B is released by the switch SW 20 for a certain time and simultaneously the voltage supply for the device 14 is repeated by the switch SW 10 to supply the voltage as shown in the figure. With the cutting-off of voltage supply made by the switch SW 10, at this time a current increase according to the full-wave rectification is restricted, temperature increase of a coil is suppressed, and power consumption can be saved. Also with the short-circuiting of terminals 13A,13B made by the SW 20, an accumulated electromagnetic energy of the device 14 is converted to an electric energy to generate an attraction which is held also at the time of no voltage supplied.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention... The present invention relates to a control device for an electromagnet device, and particularly to a control device that can reduce whirring noise while reducing power consumption.

In general, single-phase AC electromagnets have the advantage of being smaller, lighter, and faster than DC electromagnets, or they have the disadvantage of producing noise or whirring due to alternating magnetic flux. Therefore, the AC electromagnet device is constructed as shown in FIG.

Figure 1 shows a general single-phase AC electromagnet device, with the left half being a front view and the right half being a cross-sectional view. In the figure, (1) is a fixed core made of a stratified core, (2) is an excitation coil wound around the central pole (3) of the fixed core (11), (4) is a movable core made of a stratified core, and F51.
(6) is the magnetic pole head portion of the fixed iron core (11), and a shade coil (7) is attached to the magnetic pole head portion (5).

Single-phase AC electromagnet device having such a configuration.The magnetic flux φ passing through the magnetic pole head (5) surrounded by the shaded coil (7)
5 and the magnetic pole head (
6) Magnetic flux φ passing through. A phase difference is created between them so that the minimum value of the combined attraction force of the fixed core (1) attracting the movable core (4) is always greater than the external repulsive force of the movable core (4). Eliminates noise caused by magnetic flux.

Also, regarding the whining noise. This is because the attraction force includes a pulsating component with a frequency twice that of the power supply. The difference between the maximum and minimum values of this pulsation component causes the strength of compressive stress due to electromagnetic attraction within the iron core, and this causes the generation of whining noise, but does it generally occur with a difference in strength? ing.

Next, an explanation will be given using the results of simulation calculations using an electronic computer as an example.

Figure 2 is a simulation of the characteristics of the general AC electromagnet device shown in Figure 1 in transient attraction and steady attraction states. In the figure, W+ is the voltage waveform of the AC power supply, W2, W3
is the magnetic flux waveform tracing the iron core magnetic pole head, W4 is the composite magnetic flux waveform passing through the iron core, W5 is the current waveform of the excitation coil, W6 is the current waveform of the shaded coil, W7 is the waveform of the total attractive force, Wa
indicates an external counterforce. However, the horizontal axis indicates time. In this general AC electromagnet device, as can be seen from Fig. 2, the minimum value W7,n of the attractive force W7 is always equal to the external repulsive force W7.
Since it is larger than 8, no noise is generated. is the maximum value W 7 m a x and the minimum value W 7 m of the attraction force W,
Since the difference in i, , is large, the strength of compressive stress due to electromagnetic attraction force is generated within the iron core, and a whirring sound is generated. If this growling noise is loud, it will cause discomfort. Note that W9 indicates the displacement (stroke) of the movable core of the electromagnet device. Note that the power frequency in Figure 6 is 60H.
The case of z240V (highest value) voltage is shown. on the other hand,
Pure DC electromagnet devices do not generate whirring noise because the attraction force does not include a pulsating component. Comparing with the same voltage value, after adsorption. As in the case of alternating current, a constant current flows without alternating, and the current is determined only by the resistance of the excitation (electromagnetic) coil, so if we assume that the AC electromagnet device, iron core, and excitation coil are the same, In this case, a current larger than that of an AC electromagnet device flows, and the copper phase of the coil becomes large, causing the coil to burn out if used for a long time. Therefore. DC electromagnetic devices have a large coil resistance, but this reduces the current and the magnetomotive force, so the number of turns in the coil must be increased, making the coil larger and making it smaller than AC electromagnetic devices. This has the disadvantage that the overall size of the device increases.

Figure 3 shows a way to prevent such a device from becoming too large. A saving resistor (7) is connected in series with the excitation (electromagnetic) coil (2), and a normally-closed contact (8) is inserted in parallel with this saving resistor (7), so that the normally-closed contact is used to excite the coil when it is turned on. Apply DC voltage to the FIFi (electromagnetic) coil (2), and after turning on, open the normally closed circuit contact (8) and apply it to the excitation EFi (electromagnetic) coil (2) via the saving resistor (7). A method has been adopted in which the current is suppressed to reduce the copper loss of the excitation (electromagnetic) coil (2) and prevent burnout of the excitation (electromagnetic) coil (2). This method requires the use of normally closed contacts and economical resistors, and requires reliable contact operation and contact. It also has the disadvantage that the total power consumption remains unchanged. Note that (9) is a DC power supply, (10)
is the input switch.

The present invention uses an electronic control method different from the conventional phase control method to improve performance by reducing the power consumption for exciting the electromagnetic device and reducing whirring noise compared to the conventional method and compared to the phase control method. An object of the present invention is to provide a control device for an electromagnet device that can control the operation of the electromagnet device.

Next, the principle of the present invention will be explained in the case of using an AC power source.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the principle is shown in Figures 4 and 5.
l) is full-wave rectified by the rectifier (12), and the result is shown in Fig. 5(a).
As shown in the figure, the switches SW, Q, SW2. , the terminals (13A)-(13B) are disconnected from the power supply (11) by the switch SW for a certain period of time, and at the same time the switch SW is disconnected from the power supply (11).
20 to short-circuit the terminals (13A+-(13B)) to make the voltage supply to the MMI stone device (14) zero, and then short-circuit the terminals (13A) (13B) by SW+ for a certain period of time.
The operation of opening the short circuit of + and simultaneously supplying voltage to the electromagnet device (l4) using switch sw2o is repeated, thereby supplying the voltage as shown in FIG. 5(b). Switch SW, . And SW2o functions as follows. The disconnection of the power supply by the switch SW+o limits the increase in current due to full-wave rectification and suppresses the temperature rise due to copper loss in the coil. Furthermore, if the suction power is sufficiently strong, it is possible to save power consumption. When the terminal (13Al-(13B)) is shorted by the switch sw2o, the electromagnet device (14) converts the accumulated electromagnetic energy into electrical energy, generates an attractive force, and stops the supply of electrical energy from the power source. The suction force is maintained even in the zero state.In other words, the suction force acts like a flywheel.In some cases, the terminal (13A)
- (13B) may be opened without being short-circuited.

Next, the results of simulation calculations using an electronic computer will be explained using examples.

Fig. 6 shows an AC electromagnet device having the characteristics shown in Fig. 2, using an AC power source of the same frequency and voltage as Fig. 2, using the principle shown in Fig. 4 according to the present invention, and using the zero point of the voltage as a reference every half wave. , 7th
As shown in the figure, the switch SWIO SW20 and the switches SW11-SW2 are both operated at the same time. lms
ec energization-11. A simulation is shown when voltage-free switching is repeated for 6 mSec. Comparing FIG. 2 and FIG. 6, it can be seen that in the principle of the present invention, the characteristics of the suction force w7, that is, the maximum value W7m■ and the minimum value W7■ of the suction force, are better than in the conventional case. It can be seen that the difference has become significantly smaller. In other words, it can be seen that the whining noise is significantly reduced. Also, the maximum value of suction force W7. ．． . has increased significantly compared to before.

Figure 8 shows the case where an AC electromagnet device similar to that shown in Figure 2 is operated using the same frequency and N pressure AC power supply as in Figure 2, using the conventional Cyrisk phase control method (7 mSec no voltage, 1 mSec energized). The simulation is shown below. Comparing Figure 6 and Figure 8, the maximum value W of the suction force according to the present invention
The difference between 7max and the minimum value W7min is the maximum value W7m of the suction force of the conventional Cyrisk phase control method.
It can be seen that the difference between lI X and the minimum value W 7 ffiI n is about 1/2 or less. As mentioned above, the noise of the iron core is proportional to the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the suction force, so the present invention can reduce the noise by more than half compared to the conventional phase control method. It can be said that the performance is greatly improved. FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a whirring noise reduction device for an AC electromagnet device according to the present invention, (10
) is a sine wave AC power supply, (102) is a general AC electromagnet device, (103) is a rectifier, (104) is an electronic control device for reducing whirring noise and power consumption, and switch S
T at a certain appropriate time after inserting Wo. Later, as shown in Figure 1O, T1 is calculated every half wave with reference to the zero point of the power supply voltage.
It repeats energizing for a time → no voltage for T2 hours, then repeats no energizing for 3 hours, then energizing for T1 → no energizing for T2 hours. The functions of the switches shown in the figure are made up of electronic circuits.

Note that the time T,, T2 does not necessarily have to be based on the zero point of the voltage, and may be energized or non-energized using pulse oscillation, but the time T2 does not necessarily have to be based on the voltage zero point. Based on the simulation results, it is desirable to have a symmetrical time diagram (chart). In addition, if the power source is DC, rectifier (1031 omitted, T+, T
2, just adjust T3. Fig. 11 shows an AC electromagnet device having the characteristics shown in Fig. 2, with an AC power supply having the same frequency and voltage as in Fig. 2, and applying 0.0. 1mSec energization-4
1 mSec no voltage - +0. 1mSec energization-3.
2mSec no voltage-0. 1 msec energization → 1 m
sec no voltage -+0. 1msec energization → 1mSec
Pyrovoltage → O. Repeat lmSec energization periodically (9) (10) ? In this case, Ji of attraction force W7 is shown.
The difference between the B person's f directivity W7-1 and the h1 small value W7■4■ is almost the same as that in Figure 6, but the maximum implantation W of the high frequency component is
Tomn U and minimum value W 7 Q■. The difference between , becomes slightly smaller. Therefore, it can be said that the beat of the high frequency component is reduced.

Figure 12 shows an AC electromagnet with the characteristics shown in Figure 2. Same frequency as Figure 2. With an AC power source with a voltage of 340V (maximum value), every half wave, 0. 1+nScc energization -+].
6mSec no voltage - 0. ] msecjlden→
3.3mSec no voltage -40. 1mSec energization-
1. 6 msec no voltage -0. lmsQc T
fi →l. 4 msecp. ', shows a simulation when the voltage is repeated periodically. The average value of the suction force in the normal suction state and the copper 1 (j (consumed power W+o) of the coil) are almost the same.

From this, by calculating the 1゛'I-2,T of the 101'Rl as in Aii +, the scope of application of using different voltages of electric voltages with the same coil can be expanded. (For example, it is possible to share excitation (electromagnetic) coils up to 200 to 400 VAC.)

'f! '41 Figure 3 shows the time of 1゛o in Figure 10 for 25m.
Sec to 16.6mSec, otherwise the 12th
The simulation is shown under exactly the same conditions as in the figure.
2. Comparing Figure 13 with Figure 13, the displacement la when the movable core (4) with a protruding electromagnet is attracted to the fixed core (1) is
-: It can be seen that the characteristics of the attraction force W7 after the time points w, , and are quite different. That is, the 12th
In the figure, the suction force after suction of the movable iron core (4) increases by 2 L, but in Fig. 13, after suction, the suction force decreases by − degrees, and then gradually increases. He is very regular. This is because, in Fig. 12, the impact is severe when the movable core (4) and the fixed core ([) collide once, whereas in Fig. 13, the impact is milder than in Fig. 2, and occurs many times. The wear of the iron core due to drive operations (for example, I.O.O. ~ 5 million times) is reduced. In addition, the impact of the closing operation on devices driven by this electromagnetic device (e.g., electromagnetic contactors, relays) is small, and when used in, for example, -7Hffj contactors, the cherry blossom point is small, so that (l1) (12) Due to the arcing at the point, the consumption weight is reduced and the number of electrical lifespans is extended, which is a performance advantage.

In this way, ]゛ in Fig. 10. By adjusting the time, it is possible to reduce the impact load at the time of blue absorption between the T dynamic iron core (4) and the fixed iron core (1).

As explained above, the present invention has the following advantages.

■ The amount of groaning can be reduced by reducing the difference between the maximum and minimum suction force.

■ Power consumption during steady adsorption can be saved.

■ The applicable range of power supply (human power) voltage ratings can be expanded without changing the excitation EH (electromagnetic) coil.

■ The impact during adsorption can be reduced.

■ Applicable to both AC and DCW sources.

■ Due to DC conversion, the shaded coil of the conventional AC electromagnet device is abolished.

■ Because of DC conversion, no alternating magnetic flux passes through the core like in conventional AC electromagnet devices, and therefore no eddy current is generated, so there is no iron loss, so it is inexpensive even if it is not a laminated core made of silicon steel sheets like conventional ones. The core can be made of cast steel, formed steel, etc.

Note that the control device of the present invention may be attached separately to the electromagnet device, or may be built-in in combination with the electromagnet device.

FIG. 14 shows a specific example using the electronic control device (104) of FIG. 9. The operation will be explained based on FIG.

In Figure 14, (11.1 is an AC power supply, (1
21 is a rectifier. (14) is an electromagnetic device, Di, D2
is a diode, I'{l~R5 are resistors, TR is a transistor, TCI is a comparison amplifier, IC2 is an AND element (hereinafter referred to as AND element), and TC3 is an OR element (hereinafter referred to as OR element).
IC4 is a negation element (hereinafter referred to as a not element). In addition,
(400) is a resistance voltage circuit, (401) is an oscillation voltage circuit, and (402) is a delay circuit.

(13) In a device configured in this way, the AC power source (11)
is applied to the rectifier ([2) (Fig. 15(a)
Reference) Resistor R1 connected to the output of the rectifier (l2)
The full-wave rectified waveform V2 (
(see FIG. 15(c)) is input to the comparator amplifier ICI. This full-wave rectified waveform V2 is the reference voltage V3 output from the voltage divider circuit of resistors R3 and R4 (see Figure 15(b)).
The comparison amplifier ICI outputs a waveform V4 (see FIG. 15(d)). The AND element IC2 outputs the output V5 (see FIG. 15(e)) of the oscillation circuit (401) only when the output of the comparison amplifier ICI is at a high potential. Waveform 6 (see FIG. 15 if) is obtained. Further, the knot element IC4 waits for a time T determined by the delay circuit (402) after the application of the AC power (l1).

In order to output a high potential for a period of time T, transistor 1. During this time, the electromagnetic device (14) is in a conductive state and thus the electromagnetic device (14) is energized. Said time T. Di is because the electromagnet device (14) is set longer than the time required for suction.
'f between -1-. Afterwards, the suction operation is completed. Next is time T. After that, according to the output waveform ■6 of AND element IC2, 1
- The transistor 1'R repeats conduction and cutoff, that is, switching.

If the transistor TR conducts here, the electromagnetic device (
Needless to say, current flows through the electromagnetic device (l4) when the transistor TR is cut off.
Since the coil energy is circulated by the diode I)1, current continues to flow through the electromagnetic device (14). In other words, since the coil current does not become an intermittent current, the attraction state is maintained.

Here, the time T to cut the peak value of the AC power supply (11)
3, by changing the voltage division ratio of resistors R3 and R4,
Needless to say, it can be controlled appropriately. In addition, by appropriately setting the oscillation circuit (401), the conduction time TI
Since the cutoff time and T2 can be varied, the beat can be minimized and
Needless to say, settings can be made to minimize energy consumption.

Also, in this example. I explained the oscillation circuit using an asynchronous method, but
It goes without saying that by synchronizing with an AC power supply, continuity near the zero point can be reliably guaranteed, so that the effects of the present invention can be expected to be even greater (15) (I6). In addition, in this embodiment, the explanation was given that the beak cut time of the AC power supply is cut when the voltage exceeds a certain level, but the voltage at which the beak of the AC power supply begins to cut and the voltage at which it ends will vary. It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained by appropriately changing .

Also, when the AC power supply (1L) becomes a DC power supply. The peak value cut 'I゛3 cannot be set, but the oscillation same line flo
It goes without saying that a similar effect can be obtained by appropriately setting 1). In some cases, a capacitor may be used instead of diode I) 1.
Furthermore, the diode I) 1 may be omitted. Furthermore, it is also possible to use a stopper made of silicon in place of the transistor TR. In addition. FIG. 15 is a time chart of each output of this embodiment.

As described below, according to the present invention, the power consumption for exciting the electromagnet device can be reduced, the whirring noise can be reduced, and the device can be constructed without increasing the size. You can obtain the beneficial effects of seedlings, such as being able to.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a front view showing the schematic configuration of a -M type single-phase AC electromagnet device. Figure 2 is a waveform diagram showing the waveforms of various parts when a -p2 type AC electromagnet device is being supplied with power, Figure 3 is a connection diagram showing the circuit configuration of a general DC electromagnet device, and Figure 4 is the invention of the present invention. Circuit configuration diagram for explaining the principle of , Figure 5 (a)
(b) is a waveform diagram for explaining FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing waveforms of various parts during operation of the control device in one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram for explaining one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a waveform diagram showing the waveforms of various parts in the conventional control system for the Cyrisk phase. Figure 9 is a block diagram showing the connection relationship when the present invention is applied to a general AC electromagnet device. , FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram for explaining the operation of FIG. 9, FIGS. 11 to 13 are waveform diagrams showing waveforms of various parts in other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a waveform diagram showing the waveform of each part in other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a circuit connection diagram showing a specific example constructed in the following manner. Waveforms of various parts (17
) (IR) FIG. In the figure. (l) is a fixed core, (2) is an excitation (electromagnetic) coil, (4) is a movable core, (11) (101) is an AC power supply, fl2) (+031 is a rectifier. (14)
[102) is an electromagnet device, SWo, SW+o, SW2
0. SW. , SW2 is a switch, and (104) is an electronic control device. In addition. The same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A control device comprising a switch interposed between an excitation coil of an electromagnet device and an alternating current power source and controlling the supply of power to the excitation coil so as to periodically repeat an energized state and a de-energized state, A control device for an electromagnet device, characterized in that the switch is switched so that an output obtained by full-wave rectification of the AC power source is periodically repeated between a energized state and a non-energized state at least twice every half wave. (2) Repeat the energized state and de-energized state at least three times, and switch the switch so that the time in the de-energized state is longer than the time in the de-energized state in the middle of the half-wave of the above output compared to the time in the de-energized state in other repetitions. A control device for an electromagnet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device is configured to: (3) Targeting the time when the repetition of the energized state and de-energized state in each half wave reaches the maximum voltage value, the time in the de-energized state is set to be larger than the time in the de-energized state in other repetitions. 3. The control device for an electromagnet device according to claim 1, wherein the switch is configured to perform switching. (4) The control device for an electromagnet device according to claim 1, wherein the time duration between the energized state and the non-energized state is adjusted.