JPH03286057A - Transparent fireproof wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a transparent fireproof wall having high heat shielding property and shock resistance by disposing contiguously a water glass chamber, filled with water glass, and an air chamber by side plates and partition plates made of heat resisting crystalline glass to form multiple heat insulating layers. CONSTITUTION:A transparent fireproof wall 15 is composed of outer frames 14, side plates 11a, 11b made of heat resisting crystalline glass, and partition plates 12a, 12b, which composition has a water glass chamber 19 filled with water glass 16, and air chambers 17a, 17b. The thickness of the air chambers 17a, 17b and water glass chambers 19 is set to about 20mm, and the partition plates 12a, 12b and outer frame 14a are provided with about 20mm height cavity 18 of an overflow path for the water glass 16, so that the transparent fireproof wall 15 having high heat shielding property and shock resistance can be provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a transparent fireproof wall, and more particularly, to improving the fire resistance and impact resistance of a transparent glass fireproof wall used for a fireproof compartment of a building. It concerns means of improvement.

[Conventional technology] External walls and fire protection compartments (internal walls) of buildings are generally constructed of concrete, steel, brick, etc., but in recent years, with the diversification of building designs, it has become necessary to make the wall surfaces more day-lighting. Transparent glass fireproof walls are attracting attention (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-1833
Publication No. 38, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5845141, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1983
i3-624 [Publication i].

The glass materials used for the above transparent fireproof walls include:
Commonly used materials include crystallized glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, and soda glass. It has also been proposed to seal water glass or the like as a heat insulating material inside the fireproof wall as shown in FIG.

Fireproof walls must have excellent fire resistance and impact resistance, and according to the fire resistance test standards established by the Ministry of Construction, when one side of a fireproof wall is exposed to a specific heating schedule, the other side will reach 260 degrees Celsius.
It is stipulated that no cracks or holes through which flame or smoke may pass during heating should occur, and that no deformation harmful to fire resistance should occur. On the other hand, as for impact resistance, when a weight of a predetermined weight is dropped from a predetermined height after heating,
It is stipulated that there shall be no through holes in fireproof walls.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the structure of a conventional glass fireproof wall. In the same figure, (la) and (lb) are side plates made of transparent heat-resistant crystallized glass, and water glass (2) is sealed between both side plates facing each other at a predetermined interval, and the side plates (Ia) ( Heat-resistant sealing material (3) on the outer periphery of Ib)
A transparent glass fireproof wall (5) is formed by adhesively fixing an outer frame (4) of heat-resistant crystallized glass.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The glass fireproof wall (5) shown in FIG. Water glass (2) is sealed between the two side plates (Ia) and (lb) made of heat-resistant crystallized glass so as to substantially fill the space. Therefore, when a fire occurs and the fireproof wall (5) is heated and the water glass (2) expands, the thickness of the fireproof wall (5) increases, and the adhesive structure made of the heat-resistant sealant (3) is destroyed. Problems occur such that the water glass (2) overflows to the outside and the side plates (Ia) (tb) come off from the outer frame (4).

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention includes a pair of transparent heat-resistant crystallized glass side plates arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval, and a side plate fixed to the entire circumference of the end face of the side plates. It has an outer frame and a partition plate made of transparent heat-resistant crystallized glass arranged between the side plates in parallel with the side plate to partition the interior, and at least one of the plurality of chambers partitioned by the partition plate. A transparent fireproof device characterized in that one of the chambers is a water glass chamber filled with water glass, a chamber adjacent to the water glass chamber is an air chamber, and the water glass chamber and the air chamber are connected upwardly. It provides a wall.

In the present invention, the water glass chamber and the air chamber communicate above, but in the first form, the upper end of the partition plate is lower than the upper end of the side plate so that the water glass chamber and the air chamber communicate with each other. In the second form, a notch is formed at the upper end of the partition plate, and further, a third form is formed.
In this form, holes are formed in the upper part of the partition plate.

[Operation] When a fire occurs near the transparent fireproof wall of the present invention, the transparent liquid or gel water glass is heated and changes into a white foam while evaporating water and blocking heat. The heated and expanded water glass overflows into the adjacent air chamber,
It also has a heat insulating function. On the other hand, the side plates and partition plates made of transparent heat-resistant crystallized glass have high strength and are stable against flames, and both have a coefficient of thermal expansion of approximately zero.
It hardly expands or contracts when heated, blocking flames and smoke.

The heat-resistant crystallized glass used as the material for forming the side plates and partition plates is Ll. 0-AI, O, -5102 series transparent crystallized glass, -10 to 15X 10-'/
It has a thermal expansion coefficient of C (30 to 750°C) and a precipitated crystal structure of β-quartz solid.

The outer frame may be formed of a metal material such as stainless steel, but is preferably made of a heat of 10 to 15 x 10-'/''C (30 to 750°C) in order to reduce thermal expansion to almost zero in the event of a fire. It is manufactured from a heat-resistant crystallized glass having a high expansion coefficient and a β-quartz solid solution or β-spodumene precipitated crystal structure, such as L120-A1203-510□ series crystallized glass.

When producing the transparent fireproof wall of the present invention, first, a pair of side plates and an outer frame are cut into a rectangle according to the shape of the fireproof wall. Further, the upper end of the partition plate is cut in a straight line so that its height is lower than that of the side plate, or it is cut so that a notch is formed in a part of the upper end. Alternatively, it may be cut to have the same dimensions as the side plate, and holes may be formed in the upper part. Note that this hole can be formed at one location or at multiple locations.

Next, a plurality of chambers are formed by adhesively fixing the side plates and the partition plates to the side and lower outer frames using a heat-resistant sealant so as to align them at predetermined opposing intervals. A water glass chamber is formed by filling at least one of the chambers with water glass. Also, the chamber adjacent to the water glass chamber is not filled with anything and is used as an air chamber. Thereafter, the upper outer frame is adhesively fixed using a heat-resistant sealant so as to seal it.

As the heat-resistant sealing material, a kneaded mixture of glass powder, crystallized glass powder, or mineral powder and water glass is preferable.

Further, any water glass that is filled in at least one of the chambers formed inside the transparent fireproof wall can be used as long as it has a heat insulating effect, but as a preferred example, water glass 10
A silica gel-containing water glass prepared by mixing 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of ultrafine silica gel powder having an average particle size of I00 nm or less with respect to 0 parts by weight can be mentioned.

When ultrafine silica gel powder is blended, SiO in water glass
5T reacts with 5IOH on the surface of ultrafine silica gel powder.
- forms an o-s+ network and becomes a chemically stable heat insulating material. To explain in more detail, water glass with a large water content can be produced by adjusting the mixing weight ratio of water glass and ultrafine powder of silica gel in the range of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water glass. It is easy to adjust the viscosity of the heat insulating material as the main component, and the average particle size of the ultrafine silica gel powder is 100 I or less, more preferably 10 no.
By adjusting the temperature to below +, a transparent heat insulating material containing silica gel having a particle size smaller than the wavelength of visible light can be obtained. In addition to the ultrafine silica gel powder, the water glass contains 5 to 50 volumes of an inorganic acid, such as sulfuric acid (0.5 to 5 molar concentration), and an appropriate amount of an organic acid, such as ethyl acetate, as a thickening agent. It is possible to mix parts.

The air chamber adjacent to the water glass chamber serves as a second insulation layer.
Since it communicates with the water glass chamber at the top, it also serves as a space into which the water glass that expands due to heating during a fire overflows and flows into the water glass chamber.

[Embodiment] A first specific example of the present invention will be described below based on FIGS. 1 and 2. The side plates (Ila) (llb) and the partition plates (12a) (12b) are made of, for example, Firelite (Li□OAl2O35I02-based transparent heat-resistant crystallized glass) manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. Thickness is 5III111 Coefficient of thermal expansion is -3X 10-7
/''C (30 to 750°C).The outer frame (14) is made of, for example, Neoceram N-11 (manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd.).
L+□OA+2035102-based white heat-resistant crystallized glass), 1lX10-7/”C (3
It has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 0 to 750°C. water glass (16)
The composition is adjusted so that the molar ratio of 5102/Na2O is 2.2, the water content is 49% by weight based on 100 parts by weight of water glass, and 1% by weight of ultrafine silica gel powder with an average particle size of 7 nm. In addition, sulfuric acid and acetic acid were added at a concentration of 0.6 molar each. Side plate (lla) and partition plate (12a),
The air chamber (
17a) (17b) and the water glass chamber (19) are each set to have a thickness of approximately 20-m. The heat-resistant sealing material (13) is L1□0 based on 100 parts by weight of water glass.
-A1203-SIO□ series crystallized glass powder 130
Heat resistance and water resistance are imparted by mixing parts by weight. Between the upper end surfaces of the partition plates (12a) (12b) and the lower surface of the upper outer frame (14a), a height of about 20 mm is provided as an overflow channel for the heated and expanded water glass (16).
A cavity (18) of mm is formed.

FIG. 3 shows a transparent fireproof wall (I5
) is a vertical cross-sectional view of. The material and dimensions of the transparent fireproof wall shown in Figure 3 are the same as those of the transparent fireproof wall shown in Figures 1 and 2.
15), but in this second specific example, the two chambers that functioned as air chambers (17a) and (17b) in FIGS. 1 and 2 are replaced by water glass chambers (19a) and (19b).
b) and correspondingly the water glass chamber (19a)
The chamber between and (+9b) has been converted into an air chamber (17).

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above based on two specific examples, the scope of the present invention should not be interpreted to be limited by these illustrative explanations, and many modifications can be implemented. For example, as the simplest structure, one water glass chamber and one air chamber may be arranged adjacent to each other within a transparent fireproof wall. When fixing transparent fireproof walls to each other or to fixing transparent fireproof walls to a fireproof compartment, the heat-resistant sealing material (13) is used.

The heat resistance and impact resistance of the transparent fireproof wall (15) shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 were measured. The measurement results are as follows.

Set the transparent fireproof wall (15) on the radiant electric heater, and
Heating was performed according to the standard heating curve specified in IS-A-1304 (1975). After the heating starts, the water glass (16) in the water glass chamber (19) gradually boils.
The transparent gel-like water glass layer changes to a white ceramic-like heat insulating layer without rapid boiling, and a part of it overflows from the water glass chamber (19) and forms the air chamber (17a) (17
b). One hour after the start of heating, the surface temperature of the side plate (llb) on the non-heated side was measured and was recorded as 90°C. Further, after heating, a 5 k weight was dropped from a height of 1 m, but no through holes were formed in the transparent fireproof wall (Ib).

[Comparative Example] The transparent fireproof wall (5) shown in FIG.
2) and heat-resistant sealing material (3), and their heat resistance and impact resistance were measured as follows.

The transparent fireproof wall (5) was heated under the same conditions as in the example. After a while from the start of heating, the water glass (2) gradually boiled and expanded, changing from a transparent water glass layer to a white ceramic-like heat insulating layer, but due to the expansion, the thickness of the transparent fireproof wall (5) Furthermore, the adhesive structure made of the heat-resistant sealant (3) is destroyed, and the side plates (Ia) (Ib) and the outer frame (
A gap was formed between the water glass (4) and most of the water glass (2) overflowed therefrom.

As a result, the heat insulating layer within the transparent fireproof wall (5) had a rough structure, and one hour later, when the surface temperature of the side plate (Ib) on the non-heated side was measured, it was recorded as 400°C. Further, when a weight was dropped onto this transparent fireproof wall (5) under the same conditions as in the example, a through hole was formed.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the transparent fireproof wall of the present invention, the water glass chamber and the air chamber communicate above, and the water glass expanded by heating overflows into the air chamber, resulting in an increase in the thickness of the side plate. Destruction of the adhesive structure between the frame and the outer frame is prevented. Further, by arranging the water glass chamber and the air chamber adjacent to each other to form multiple heat insulating layers, a transparent fireproof wall having high heat shielding properties and impact resistance can be obtained. Furthermore, in the present invention, the side plate strength is increased by using multiple sheets of heat-resistant crystallized glass! Because of this, it has a great effect on improving impact resistance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an integrated example of a transparent fireproof wall according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view thereof, FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a second specific example of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional transparent fireproof wall. (lta) Hlbl--One side plate (12a) (lzb)-One partition plate (3... Heat-resistant sealing material (4...-Outer frame (15...--Transparent fireproof Wall (6・−・−・・Water glass

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A pair of transparent heat-resistant crystallized glass side plates arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined interval, an outer frame fixed to the entire circumference of the end surface of the side plates, and a pair arranged parallel to the side plates between the side plates. It has a partition plate made of transparent heat-resistant crystallized glass that partitions the interior, and at least one of the plurality of chambers partitioned by the partition plate is a water glass chamber filled with water glass, and the water glass A transparent fireproof wall characterized in that a chamber adjacent to the chamber is an air chamber, and the water glass chamber and the air chamber are connected upwardly. (2) The transparent fireproof wall according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the partition plate is formed lower than the upper end of the side plate so that the water glass chamber and the air chamber communicate with each other. (3) The transparent fireproof wall according to claim 1, wherein a notch is formed at the upper end of the partition plate so that the water glass chamber and the air chamber communicate with each other. (4) The transparent fireproof wall according to claim 1, characterized in that a hole is formed in the upper part of the partition plate so that the water glass chamber and the air chamber communicate with each other.