JPH03282599A - Tempo controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a pattern for varying a tempo smoothly by calculating the sound generation timing of a next performance musical sound according to the current tempo every time the pitch of a musical sound coincides with the pitch of a performance pattern. CONSTITUTION:A keyboard 1 supplies performance information to a CPU 2 according to the key depression of a player and a CPU 2 executes a program for pattern comparison and tempo comparison stored in a ROM 3 to output musical sound information corresponding to the performance information to a musical sound generating means 5. The comparing means of the CPU 2 compares the pitch of the musical sound of performance with the pitch of the previously registered performance pattern in order to find a case wherein the pitch coincidence is obtained and every time the pitch coincidence is obtained, the arithmetic means calculates the sound generation timing of a next musical sound constituting the performance pattern according to the current tempo. When the pitch coincidence reaches a specific continuous frequency, a control means varies the timing of the performance for a musical sound played without matching the sound generation timing according to the deviation of the timing, thereby obtaining a smooth tempo.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a tempo controller suitable for use in electronic musical instruments during live performances.

[Prior Art J] Conventionally, in live performances using electronic musical instruments, there are cases in which a performer plays the main melody and automatic accompaniment. In such live performances, it is necessary to change or adjust the tempo of the accompaniment in order to change the music to be performed or the feel of the music.

In such cases, in conventional electronic musical instruments, the tempo is changed by operating the tempo volume.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in the conventional electronic musical instruments described above, it is necessary to operate the tempo volume every time the tempo of the accompaniment is changed, and when combined with the performance operation, the operation becomes frequent. , and it becomes difficult. Also, because the tempo volume is manually controlled, it is not possible to create a pattern of tempo changes in advance. There was a problem in that it was not possible to change the tempo in the same way every time.

This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and allows tempo change patterns to be easily created and used on the spot without complicating the circuit configuration. The purpose is to provide a tempo controller that can be changed.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a storage means for storing a performance pattern consisting of a plurality of musical tones, and a storage means for storing a performance pattern made up of a plurality of musical tones, and a storage device that stores the pitch of the musical tones to be played and the sound of the performance pattern. and a comparison means for sequentially comparing the pitch of the next performance musical note with the pitch of the next musical note of the performance pattern when the pitches match, and the pitch matching obtained by the comparison means. Each time the pitch is matched by a calculation means that calculates the sounding timing of the next performance musical tone according to the tempo at that time, and a comparison means written in t'r+j, the pitch matches continuously and reaches a predetermined number of times. The present invention is characterized by comprising a control means for changing the tempo of the automatic performance in accordance with the performance timing of a musical tone that is played out of the musical tones that are played without matching the sound generation timing.

"Operation" First, the comparison means compares the pitch of the musical tone to be played with the pitch of the performance pattern registered in advance, and if the pitches match, the pitch of the next musical tone and the pitch of the performance pattern registered in advance are compared. Compare the pitch of the next musical note of the pattern in sequence, and if the pitches do not match, change the tempo; Compare the pitch of the musical note played in the above method with the pitch of the first musical note of the performance pattern. Return to next,
The calculating means calculates the sounding timing of the next musical tone constituting the performance pattern, depending on the tempo at that time, every time pitch matching is obtained by the comparing means. In addition, when the pitch matching by the comparing means continues and reaches a predetermined number of times (for example, twice), the control means is configured to perform one of the musical tones whose pitches match after the predetermined number of times without matching the sound generation timing. The performance tempo of the musical tone is changed according to the difference between the performance timing of the musical tone and the sound generation timing.

"Embodiments" Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, l denotes a key fob, which supplies various performance information such as key codes and key-on signals to the CP[J (central processing unit) 2 via the bus line according to the performer's presses. The CPU 2 executes a program stored in a ROM (read only memory) 3, generates musical tone information according to the performance information, outputs it to the musical tone generating means 5, and controls each part of the apparatus. Above ROM3
A pattern comparison program and a tempo change program, which will be described later, are stored in the . Further, 4 is a RAM (random access memory) in which various data are stored, as well as pattern data P (i) (i=I-n), which will be described later. next,
The musical tone generating means 5 generates a musical tone signal according to the musical tone information, and outputs this musical tone signal to the sound system 6.

This sound nostem 6 converts the musical tone signal into an analog signal and generates a musical tone.

Next, the above-mentioned pattern data P (i) will be explained. Pattern data P (i) is a single note, a chord, or a plurality of consecutive single notes (musical sound such as an arpeggio)
This is data consisting of .

This pattern data P (i) is input by the performer, for example, with an arbitrary note length, is quantized, and then registered. Also, this pattern data P
(1) is an array of 4 words (-128 bits), and each bit is MID I (Musical Ir+5
trc+l1ent Digital Interfa
ce) N0TE data.

Next, the pattern comparison program mentioned above will be explained. The pattern comparison program in this example is:
For each note played, the performance pattern is compared with the pattern data P (i), and the performance pattern contains at least two or more tones that are the same as the pattern data from the beginning, and the pattern data P If the timing is different from (i), the tempo change program is immediately executed to change the tempo. Note that the tempo changing program will be explained in the operation description.

Next, the tempo changing operation in a live performance with the above-described configuration will be explained with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. First, pattern data P
As (i), a case where consecutive plural sounds are registered will be explained.

First, when the power of the device is turned on, the main routine shown in FIG. 2 is executed by the CPU 2. In this main routine, first, in step SA1, various variables are initialized. Then, pattern data P(1) to P(n) input by the performer are sequentially captured. For example, as pattern data P(i), the fourth
When inputting the "domiso" shown in the figure, the performance pattern input by the performer is requested to be quantized to quarter notes, and the pattern data P(1) is "do" (1) (2).
) is registered as "Mi" and as P(3) is "So". By registering in this way, the pitch and note length of each musical tone are stored.

Next, the process proceeds to step SA2, where it is determined whether a N0TE on event has occurred. This N0TE on event is a keyboard! Occurs when a key is pressed on the keyboard. If the judgment result in step SA2 is rNOJ, that is, if no new key is pressed, such as when the note is not played or when a certain single note remains pressed, the process proceeds to step SA3. . In step SA3, automatic accompaniment sound generation processing is performed at the same tempo without changing the tempo of the performance.

"Processing for the first performance sound" On the other hand, if the judgment result in step SA2 is "YESJ", that is, if the keyboard key 1 is pressed and a N0TE on event occurs, the process proceeds to step SA4,
N0TE code (key code) for N0TE on event
Assign to variable N0TE. By the way, this variable N0T
Since the performance sound assigned to E is always processed according to the value of variable i, the first (=i
) is the performance sound. Therefore, when the variable i is "2", the performance sound at that time is the second performance sound, and the variable i is "2".
3'', the performance sound at that time is set as the third performance sound. Next, the process proceeds to step SA5, and the N0TE shown in FIG.
Performs ON processing.

In this N0TE ON process, first, step SBI
, it is determined whether the variable N0TE is equal to the pattern P(1) (the initial value of i is "l"). Here, if the performance note assigned to the variable N0TE is a pitch other than "do", for example "g", then the pattern data P
Since it does not match (1), the judgment result in this step SBI is 1NO, and the process proceeds to step SB2, returns the variable i to lJ, and returns to step SA of the main routine.
Return to 6. In step SA6, the performance note "G" is sounded. Next, proceed to step SA3, and step S
In A3, automatic accompaniment performance sounding is performed without changing the tempo. Next, return to step SA2,
'I' Checks for presence of E-on event.

Here, when the next N0TE on-event occurs, in this case, the variable l has been returned to "1", so the next performance sound is the same as the process described above. It is treated as a performance sound.

On the other hand, if the determination result in step SB+ is "YESJ", that is, if the first performance note is "do", the process matches pattern P (1) and the process proceeds to step SB3. In this step SB3, it is determined whether the variable i is 2 or more. In this case, the variable i is "l", so
The determination result in step SB3 is rNOJ, and the process advances to step SB8. In this step SB8, variable 1
After incrementing , the scheduled timing at which the next pattern data P(2) will be played is calculated according to the current tempo, and the process returns to the main routine. In the main routine,
Proceeding to step SA6, the process of generating the performance sound "Dogo" is performed.Next, the process proceeds to step SA3, and the accompaniment is automatically played without changing the tempo.In this way, in the case of the comparison process of the first performance sound, (in the case of variable i=I), the judgment result in step SB3 is always "No", so
No tempo change processing is performed regardless of whether it matches or does not match pattern data P(1). Next, step SA2
Return to , and check whether there is a N0TE on event. Here, when the next N0TE on event occurs, the variable i is "2" in this case, so this event is processed as a second performance sound, which will be explained next.

[Processing for Second Performance Sound] Next, in step SA2 of the main routine, when the next performance sound is detected, the determination result in step SA2 becomes rYESJ, and the process advances to step SA4. Step S
At A4, similarly to the first performance note described above, the note code is assigned to the variable N0TE, and the process proceeds to step SA5.
0TE Execute ON processing.

First, in step SBI, it is determined whether the second performance sound assigned to the variable N0TE and the pattern data P(2) are the same. In this case, if the second performance note is other than "mi", it does not match the pattern data P(2), so the determination result in step SB+ is r
The result is NOJ, and the process proceeds to step SB2. Step SB2
Now, after returning the variable i to rlJ, the process returns to the main routine.

In the main routine, in steps SA6 and SA3, the performance tones and automatic accompaniment are produced without changing the tempo. In this way, even if the first performance sound and pattern data P(1) match, if the second performance sound and pattern data P(2) do not match, the tempo is not changed. Next, the process returns to step SA2, and the presence or absence of the N0TE on event is checked again. Here, when the next NO'1'E-on event occurs, in this case, the variable i has been returned to rlJ, so this event is treated as the first performance sound in the same way as in the process described above.

On the other hand, if the second performance note mentioned above is r mi J, it matches the pattern data P(2), so the determination result in step SB'l is ry E S J, and step S
Proceed to B3. In this case, since the variable i is "2", the determination result in step SB3 is rYEsJ, and the process advances to step SB4. Then, in step SB4, it is determined whether the performance timing of the second performance sound assigned to the variable N0TE matches the scheduled timing of the pattern data P(2) calculated in step SB8 described above. . Here, if the performer performs without changing the tempo, the performance timing of the second performance sound and the scheduled timing match, so step SB4
The determination result in is rYEsJ, and the process proceeds to step SB6 without changing the tempo. Then, in step SB6, the variable i is set to the maximum value i. X (in this example, 1
max=3) is reached. In this case, since the variable i is "2", the determination result in step SB6 is rNOJ, and the process proceeds to step 5I37. In this step 5I37, as in the case of the first performance note described above, first, after incrementing the variable 1, the pattern data P(3
) and return to the main routine.

In the main routine, steps SA6 and S
At A3, the performance tones and automatic accompaniment are produced without changing the tempo. In this way, the second
If the pitch and performance timing of the performance sound match the pattern data P(2) and its scheduled timing, the tempo is not changed. Next, return to step SA2,
The presence or absence of the N0TE on event is checked again.

Here, when the next N0TE on event occurs, in this case, since the variable i is "3", this event is processed as a third performance sound, which will be described later.

On the other hand, if the performer speeds up or slows down the performance timing of the performance sound in order to change the tempo of the performance, the determination result in step SB4 described above is rN.
It becomes OJ, and the process proceeds to step SB5. Then, in step S[35, a tempo change process is performed according to the difference between the performance timing of the second performance sound and the scheduled timing of pattern data I)(2).

In this tempo change process, a new tempo is calculated according to the difference between the performance timing and the scheduled timing described above.

This calculation method will be explained in detail below. First, a time corresponding to 70% of the deviation between the above-mentioned performance timing and the scheduled timing is determined, and a tempo is calculated by adjusting the deviation corresponding to this. Next, a new tempo is calculated by mixing this calculated tempo and the previous tempo, for example, in a ratio of 6:4. Then, the cycle of the timing clock in the performance control program in which automatic performance is being performed is changed to match this new tempo.

The musical tone generation in step SA3 of the main routine is as follows:
Since the performance is performed based on this timing clock, changing the cycle of the timing clock changes the tempo of the performance.

After the tempo changing process in step SB5 is completed, the process advances to step SB6. In this case, the variable i is “2
”, the judgment result in step SB6 is r
The result is NOJ, and the process advances to step SB7. This step S
At B7, first, after incrementing variable 1, the scheduled timing at which pattern data P(3) will be played is calculated based on the current tempo, and the process returns to the main routine.

In the main routine, in steps SA6 and SA3, performance tones and automatic accompaniment are produced in accordance with the new tempo. In this way, when the pitch of the second performance sound matches the pattern data (2) and the performance timing deviates from the scheduled timing of the pattern data P(2), the tempo is changed. Next, step S
Return to A2 and check again for the presence or absence of the N0TE on event. Here, when the next N, OT E on event occurs, since the variable i is "3" in this case, the event is processed as the third performance sound, which will be explained next.

[Processing for Third Performance Sound] Next, in step SA2 of the main routine, when the next performance sound is detected, step SA2. SA4. Proceed to SA5 and N0TE ON
Similar processing is performed up to step SB6.

In step SB6, it is determined whether the variable i has reached the maximum value 1 wax. In this case, since variable 1 is "3", the judgment result in step SB6 is rYES.
J, and the process advances to step SB8.

In this step SB8, the variable i is returned to "1" and the process returns to the main routine. The tempo change control in the main routine is also the same as that for the second note described above, so it will be omitted here.

In the above embodiment, the pattern data P(i) is a plurality of single tones with i=1 to 3, but it may be a plurality of chords. Further, the pattern data P(i) is not limited to one type, and a plurality of types may be prepared.

Furthermore, when multiple chords are used as the pattern data P(i), the comparison with the performance notes may be based on a match of only one note of the chord, and all musical tones making up the chord must match. You can do it like this.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the new tempo is determined by first determining the time difference between the musical tone of the performance pattern and the musical tone of the pattern data P(i), that is, the time corresponding to 70% of the timing deviation. Calculate the tempo of the number of beats,
Next, since the tempo is determined by mixing this tempo and the previous tempo in a ratio of 6:4, there is an advantage that the tempo can be changed very smoothly.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the present invention, since the tempo is controlled by a simple method called pattern matching, it is easy to create performance patterns without complicating the circuit configuration, and It is easy to use when performing, and
The advantage is that the tempo can be changed very clearly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the main routine of the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the main routine of the same embodiment.
Flowchart for explaining the operation of ON processing, No. 4
The figure is an explanatory diagram for explaining pattern data registered in the same embodiment. ■・・・Keyboard, 2・・・CPU, 3
...ROM. 4...RAM, 5...musical tone generation means, 6.
...Sound system.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A storage means in which a performance pattern consisting of a plurality of musical tones is stored, and a pitch of a musical sound to be played and a pitch of the performance pattern are compared, and if the pitches match, the following is performed. a comparison means for sequentially comparing the pitch of the musical tone to be performed and the pitch of the next musical tone of the performance pattern; and each time a pitch match is obtained by the comparison means, the generation timing of the next musical tone to be performed is adjusted to the timing of the next musical tone to be played at that time. When the pitch matching by the calculation means that calculates according to the tempo and the comparison means continues and reaches a predetermined number of times, the musical tones that are played after the predetermined number of times without matching the sound generation timing are played. A tempo controller comprising a control means for changing the tempo of automatic performance according to timing.