JPH03279617A - Combustion chamber for direct injection type diesel engine - Google Patents
Combustion chamber for direct injection type diesel engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03279617A JPH03279617A JP2076791A JP7679190A JPH03279617A JP H03279617 A JPH03279617 A JP H03279617A JP 2076791 A JP2076791 A JP 2076791A JP 7679190 A JP7679190 A JP 7679190A JP H03279617 A JPH03279617 A JP H03279617A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- cavity
- combustion chamber
- combustion
- top surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
- F02B23/063—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion the combustion space in the piston interacting fluid dynamically with the cylinder head, the injector body or the cylinder wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0675—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space being substantially spherical, hemispherical, ellipsoid or parabolic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0696—W-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
- F02B23/0627—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion having additional bores or grooves machined into the piston for guiding air or charge flow to the piston bowl
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
二の発明は直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンにおいてＮｏ
ｘ （窒素酸化物）を低減しかつ黒煙及び白煙発生を低
減させる：とができる燃焼室の提案に係る、
し従来の技術〕
従来は上記目的の下に例えば特開昭５７−１８１９２６
号公報に記載し７．か”っその要旨とする構成を第３図
に示し、たような、ピストンａの頂部の中央部に形成し
、たキャビテでｂを囲むように前記ピストンａの頂面Ｃ
に開口する空気溜用の溝ｄを構成し、前記キャビティｂ
に向かうように燃料噴射ノズルｅを設けた構造が提案さ
れている−
上記構成において、燃料噴射ノズルｅから燃料噴霧がキ
ャビティｈに向かって噴出されると、この燃料噴霧が所
定の条件下に着火し。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The second invention is the No. 1 invention in direct injection diesel engines.
Reducing x (nitrogen oxides) and reducing the generation of black smoke and white smoke: Prior art related to the proposal of a combustion chamber that can
7. The gist of the configuration is shown in FIG.
an air reservoir groove d opening in the cavity b;
A structure has been proposed in which the fuel injection nozzle e is provided so as to be directed toward the cavity h. death.
爆発的な燃焼が行なわれる二とによってピストンａが下
方に押し下げられる過程において、前記空気溜用の溝ｄ
内の空気が圧力差により噴出さＪｌて燃焼の促進に寄与
するとされている。In the process where the piston a is pushed down by the explosive combustion, the air reservoir groove d
It is said that the air inside is ejected due to the pressure difference and contributes to the promotion of combustion.
しかしながら第３図に示された構成では、前記溝ｄがピ
ストンａの頂面に開口し・でいるので燃料噴霧がこの溝
ｄに導入さ九る：とは望めず、し、たがってこの溝ｄ内
で予燃焼を起ニさせることは不可能であり燃焼温度を低
下させてＮｏｘを充分に低減させるには至Ｉ５ないもの
である。However, in the configuration shown in FIG. 3, since the groove d opens on the top surface of the piston a, it is impossible to expect that the fuel spray will be introduced into the groove d. It is impossible to cause precombustion within d, and it is far from possible to lower the combustion temperature and sufficiently reduce NOx.
ここにおいてこの発明はピストンの頂面中央にキャビテ
ィを形成し、二のギャビテｒとシリレグｌベット士面と
シリンダ側壁との間に燃焼室を構成するものにおいて、
前記キャビティを囲繞して前記ピストンの内部に環状の
空気溜りを構成し、二の空気溜りの前記ピストン頂面へ
の開口部に絞りを形成したことを特徴とする直接噴射式
テイーゼルエンジンの燃焼室を提供するものである。Here, this invention forms a cavity in the center of the top surface of the piston, and configures a combustion chamber between the second gaviter R, the cylinder leg L bed surface, and the cylinder side wall.
Combustion of a direct injection tasel engine, characterized in that an annular air pocket is formed inside the piston surrounding the cavity, and a throttle is formed at the opening of the second air pocket to the top surface of the piston. It provides a room.
上記構成において、燃料噴射ポンプから燃料が噴霧さ、
１１．、噴霧火炎かキャビティか６リバーススキソシユ
に乗って燃焼室の上部へ噴出するが、二の際、前記空気
溜りかＩ♂絞りを介して勢いよ（噴出する空気は、燃焼
を活溌化させると共に、噴霧火炎がシリンダ内壁に到達
しないようなプロテクタの役目を果たすものである。In the above configuration, fuel is sprayed from the fuel injection pump,
11. , the spray flame or cavity rides on the 6-reverse combustion system and is ejected to the upper part of the combustion chamber, but at the second time, the air is ejected forcefully through the air pocket or the I♂ throttle (the ejected air activates combustion. It also serves as a protector to prevent the spray flame from reaching the inner wall of the cylinder.
次にこの発明を第１図及び第２図に示す実施例について
説明する。Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
図において、■はシリンダブロックであり、このシリン
ダブロック１に形成されるシリ〉ダ２内にはピスト〉リ
ング３を介してピストン４が摺動自在に嵌装さａｔてお
り、直接噴射式ピストンにおいて一般的であるようにこ
のピストン４の頂面中央部にはキャビティ５が凹設され
ている。In the figure, ■ is a cylinder block, and a piston 4 is slidably fitted into a cylinder 2 formed in this cylinder block 1 via a piston ring 3, and a direct injection type piston is installed. As is common in the art, a cavity 5 is provided in the center of the top surface of the piston 4.
この発明においてはピストン４内に前記キャビティ５を
囲繞して環状の空気溜り６を構成し、はぼ円形断面を有
するこの空気溜り６の前記ピストン４の頂面への開口部
に絞り７を形成するのである。In this invention, an annular air reservoir 6 is formed in the piston 4 by surrounding the cavity 5, and a throttle 7 is formed at the opening of the air reservoir 6 having a substantially circular cross section to the top surface of the piston 4. That's what I do.
燃焼室８は前記キャビティ５を含むピストン４の頂面と
、シリンダ２の内壁９と、シリンダ／ベット１０とによ
って画定された空間によ４
つて形成さ、れ、前記シリンダヘッドＩＯの部分からこ
の燃焼室８に向かって燃料噴射ノズル１１が；ｌけらｔ
ている。The combustion chamber 8 is formed by a space defined by the top surface of the piston 4 including the cavity 5, the inner wall 9 of the cylinder 2, and the cylinder/bed 10. The fuel injection nozzle 11 is directed toward the combustion chamber 8;
ing.
この燃料噴射ノズル１１からの燃料噴射にともなう爆発
による膨張行程において、噴霧火炎１２はキャビティ５
からリバーススキッシュ１３に乗ってトップクリアラ〉
スＩＩｌ／＼噴出する。During the expansion stroke caused by the explosion accompanying the fuel injection from the fuel injection nozzle 11, the spray flame 12 enters the cavity 5.
Top Clearer on Reverse Squish 13
sIIl/\ gush out.
二の時空気溜り６から絞り７を介して噴出する空気によ
−）で混合を促進させ、燃焼を活溌ｆヒさせると共に、
前記空気は噴霧火炎１２がシリンダ２の内壁９に到達し
ないようなプロテクタの役割を果たし１、これによって
シリ〉ダ２の内壁９に付着している潤滑油の燃焼消耗を
防止する二とができるのである。At the time of step 2, the air ejected from the air reservoir 6 through the throttle 7 promotes the mixing and activates the combustion.
The air plays the role of a protector to prevent the spray flame 12 from reaching the inner wall 9 of the cylinder 2, thereby preventing the lubricating oil attached to the inner wall 9 of the cylinder 2 from burning and wasting away. It is.
一般に最高出力を上昇さ仕るために、圧縮比を下げる二
とか考えｊ’＋ｈるが、この場合、白煙が増加する。二
の発明は圧縮比を下げても白煙が増加しないような燃焼
室の構成に係り、前記空気溜りの空気か膨張行程におい
て絞りを介して勢いよく噴出することにより、燃焼を活
溌にすると共に、噴霧火炎がシリンダの内壁に到達する
ことを阻止することにより潤滑油の消耗を防止し、ＨＣ
、パティキュレートを低減させる効果を奏するものであ
る。Generally, in order to increase the maximum output, it is considered to lower the compression ratio, but in this case, white smoke increases. The second invention relates to a configuration of the combustion chamber that does not increase white smoke even when the compression ratio is lowered, and the air in the air pocket is vigorously ejected through the throttle during the expansion stroke, thereby making the combustion more active. By preventing the spray flame from reaching the inner wall of the cylinder, consumption of lubricating oil is prevented, and HC
, which has the effect of reducing particulates.
第１図及び第２図はこの発明の一実施例の断面図及び平
面図で、第３図は従来例の一例の断面図である。
なお図において、
４ ピストン
５ キャビティ
６ 空気溜り
７ 絞り
８ 燃焼室
である。
６
第
１
区
第
図
第
区
４：ピストン
５：キャビティ
６：空気溜り
７：絞り
８：燃焼室1 and 2 are a sectional view and a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an example of a conventional example. In the figure, 4 piston 5 cavity 6 air reservoir 7 throttle 8 combustion chamber. 6 Section 1 Section 4: Piston 5: Cavity 6: Air reservoir 7: Restriction 8: Combustion chamber
Claims (1)
キャビティとシリンダヘッド下面とシリンダ側壁との間
に燃焼室を構成するものにおいて、前記キャビティを囲
繞して前記ピストンの内部に環状の空気溜りを構成し、
この空気溜りの前記ピストン頂面への開口部に絞りを形
成したことを特徴とする直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジン
の燃焼室。(1) A cavity is formed in the center of the top surface of the piston, and a combustion chamber is formed between the cavity, the lower surface of the cylinder head, and the cylinder side wall, and an annular air pocket is formed inside the piston surrounding the cavity. constitutes,
A combustion chamber for a direct injection diesel engine, characterized in that a throttle is formed at an opening of the air reservoir to the top surface of the piston.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2076791A JPH03279617A (en) | 1990-03-28 | 1990-03-28 | Combustion chamber for direct injection type diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2076791A JPH03279617A (en) | 1990-03-28 | 1990-03-28 | Combustion chamber for direct injection type diesel engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03279617A true JPH03279617A (en) | 1991-12-10 |
Family
ID=13615450
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2076791A Pending JPH03279617A (en) | 1990-03-28 | 1990-03-28 | Combustion chamber for direct injection type diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03279617A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0969191B1 (en) * | 1998-07-01 | 2004-11-17 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Diesel engine piston |
| FR2861136A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-22 | Renault Sa | Piston for e.g. direct injection engine, has annular tracking zone comprising annular groove generating recirculation movement in zone so that oxygen present in this zone returns towards center of combustion chamber |
| FR2885958A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-24 | Renault Sas | Piston for e.g. diesel engine, has combustion chamber divided into main and auxiliary chambers, where ratio between auxiliary chamber volume and total volume of main and auxiliary chamber volumes is between specified values |
-
1990
- 1990-03-28 JP JP2076791A patent/JPH03279617A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0969191B1 (en) * | 1998-07-01 | 2004-11-17 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Diesel engine piston |
| FR2861136A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-22 | Renault Sa | Piston for e.g. direct injection engine, has annular tracking zone comprising annular groove generating recirculation movement in zone so that oxygen present in this zone returns towards center of combustion chamber |
| FR2885958A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-24 | Renault Sas | Piston for e.g. diesel engine, has combustion chamber divided into main and auxiliary chambers, where ratio between auxiliary chamber volume and total volume of main and auxiliary chamber volumes is between specified values |
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