JPH03275840A - Method and layer for underfloor dampproofing/ant prevention, and composition therefor - Google Patents
Method and layer for underfloor dampproofing/ant prevention, and composition thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03275840A JPH03275840A JP19241990A JP19241990A JPH03275840A JP H03275840 A JPH03275840 A JP H03275840A JP 19241990 A JP19241990 A JP 19241990A JP 19241990 A JP19241990 A JP 19241990A JP H03275840 A JPH03275840 A JP H03275840A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sodium silicate
- layer
- underfloor
- moisture
- cement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000256602 Isoptera Species 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 4
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydron;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(O)=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- -1 and in particular Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000000405 Pinus densiflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008670 Pinus densiflora Species 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は住宅の床下および基礎周辺の湿気を防止し、床
下材、畳のカビや腐朽等を防止するとともにシロアリに
よる建物の食害を防止するための方法および防湿・防蟻
層さらにはそのための硬化用組成物に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention prevents moisture under the floors and around the foundations of houses, prevents mold and rot on subfloor materials and tatami mats, and prevents termite damage to buildings. The present invention relates to a method and a moisture-proof/termite-proof layer, as well as a curing composition therefor.
［従来技術］
従来より住宅、特に木質家屋においては家屋の土台、柱
等の重要な構造部分が短期間に腐朽したり、シロアリに
食害されるという問題が発生している。また同様に床下
材、畳等に湿気のためカビが発生するという問題がある
。この最大の原因は床下の土壌からの湿気であり、この
湿気を遮断することは極めて重大なことである。この湿
気の遮断方法としては家屋の床下部分の土壌の表面に所
望の署みのコンクリート層やアスファルト層を形成させ
るか、プラスチックシートを敷設する方法等が知られて
いる。このうちコンクリート、アスファルト層を形成す
る方法においては、層形成の前に基礎土壌を十分に平滑
にしておくことが必要である上、層形成に手間がかかり
、費用も高いものとなる。また湿気の遮断効果が十分と
はいえない。またシート敷設においては、基礎部分を避
けて敷設するためにシートを繋ぐ必要があり、煩雑であ
る。[Prior Art] Houses, especially wooden houses, have traditionally had problems in that important structural parts such as foundations and pillars of the house rot in a short period of time or are eaten by termites. Similarly, there is a problem in that mold grows on underfloor materials, tatami mats, etc. due to moisture. The biggest cause of this is moisture from the soil beneath the floor, and it is extremely important to block this moisture. Known methods for blocking this moisture include forming a concrete layer or asphalt layer in a desired area on the surface of the soil under the floor of a house, or laying a plastic sheet. Among these methods, in the method of forming a concrete or asphalt layer, it is necessary to sufficiently smooth the foundation soil before forming the layer, and the layer formation is time-consuming and expensive. Moreover, the moisture blocking effect cannot be said to be sufficient. Furthermore, in laying the sheets, it is necessary to connect the sheets to avoid the foundation, which is complicated.
また、シロアリによる建物の食害は、非常に甚大なもの
であり、種々対策がとられている。例えば、床下部分の
土壌に薬剤を散布するかまたは、薬剤を含有したシート
や樹脂膜を適用する方法、あるいは建物木造構造部に薬
剤を注入するか、塗布する方法等が挙げられれが、これ
らはいずれも薬剤を使用するため作業環境上、生活環境
上問題があるとともに前記した床下部分の防湿について
は、なんら効果がないものであった。Furthermore, the damage caused by termites to buildings is extremely serious, and various countermeasures are being taken. For example, methods include spraying chemicals on the soil under the floor, applying sheets or resin films containing chemicals, or injecting or coating chemicals into the wooden structure of buildings. In both cases, chemicals are used, which poses problems in terms of working and living environments, and they are ineffective in preventing moisture in the underfloor area.
［問題点を解決するための具体的手段］本発明者らはか
かる従来方法の問題点に鑑み鋭意検討の結果、安価で確
実かつ容易に土壌からの湿気を遮断するとともにシロア
リによる食害を確実に防止する方法を見出し本発明に到
達したものである。[Specific Means for Solving the Problems] In view of the problems with the conventional methods, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and have developed a method that can inexpensively, reliably, and easily block moisture from the soil, and also reliably prevent termite damage. The present invention was achieved by finding a method to prevent this.
すなわち本発明は床下地面上にケイ酸ソーダ硬化層を形
成することを特徴とする床下防湿・防蟻方法および骨材
、セメント、ケイ酸ソーダの混合硬化体からなる床下防
湿・防蟻層。さらには粉末ケイ酸ソーダ、固体硬化剤を
含有する床下防湿・防蟻用組成物。さらにはまた粉末ケ
イ酸ソーダ、骨材、および固体硬化剤を含有する床下防
湿・防蟻用組成物を提供するものである。That is, the present invention provides an underfloor moisture-proofing and termite-proofing method characterized by forming a hardened sodium silicate layer on the subfloor surface, and an underfloor moisture-proofing and termite-proofing layer comprising a hardened mixture of aggregate, cement, and sodium silicate. Furthermore, an underfloor moisture-proofing/termite-proofing composition containing powdered sodium silicate and a solid hardening agent. Furthermore, the present invention provides an underfloor moisture-proofing and termite-proofing composition containing powdered sodium silicate, aggregate, and a solid hardening agent.
本発明において床下地面上にケイ酸ソーダ硬化層を形成
する手段は特に限定されないが、その−手段として液状
のケイ酸ソーダを地面上に散布し、所望の浸透深さにケ
イ酸ソーダを浸透させ、硬化させる方法がある。ケイ酸
ソーダはそのままでも空気中の炭酸ガスを吸収して硬化
するがその反応は緩やかであり、効率よく硬化させるた
めには、硬化剤の使用が好ましい。In the present invention, the means for forming a hardened layer of sodium silicate on the subfloor surface is not particularly limited, but as a method, liquid sodium silicate is sprinkled on the ground and the sodium silicate is permeated to a desired penetration depth. There is a method to harden it. Although sodium silicate absorbs carbon dioxide gas in the air and hardens as it is, the reaction is slow, and for efficient hardening, it is preferable to use a hardening agent.
硬化剤としては、酸、あるい金属塩あるいはその水溶液
の使用が好ましく、金属としてはアルカリ金属（Ｌ ｉ
、Ｎａ、に等）やアルカリ土類金属（Ｍｇ、Ｃａ等）が
挙げられ、具体的には炭酸ソーダ、重炭酸ソーダ、塩化
カルシウム等が挙げられる。使用するケイ酸ソーダの種
類は特に限定されず、工業用として広く使用されている
もので十分である。また、扱いやすさ、浸透深さ等から
粘度０．１〜１０ボイズの範囲のものが好ましい。As the curing agent, it is preferable to use an acid, a metal salt, or an aqueous solution thereof, and the metal is an alkali metal (Li
, Na, etc.) and alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca, etc.), and specific examples include soda carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, and the like. The type of sodium silicate used is not particularly limited, and those widely used for industrial purposes are sufficient. Further, from the viewpoint of ease of handling, penetration depth, etc., a viscosity in the range of 0.1 to 10 voids is preferable.
従って所望の粘度のものとするために市販のケイ酸ソー
ダを水により希釈して用いたり、あるいは増粘剤を添加
したりすることも有用である。ケイ酸ソーダの使用量は
床下地面面Ｍ Ｉ ｍ当たり１〜６１の範囲が好ましい
。この範囲未満では硬化層の厚みを十分とることが′で
きず湿気の遮断効果およびシロアリによる食害の防止効
果が十分ではない。またこの範囲を越えてもその効果に
顕著な変化はなく、経済的ではない。また、硬化剤の使
用量は目的とする硬化時間、硬化剤の活性度等により、
適宜選択すればよい。Therefore, it is useful to use commercially available sodium silicate diluted with water or to add a thickener to obtain the desired viscosity. The amount of sodium silicate used is preferably in the range of 1 to 61 per m of the underfloor surface M I . If it is less than this range, the cured layer cannot be sufficiently thick, and the effect of blocking moisture and preventing damage by termites will not be sufficient. Further, even if the amount exceeds this range, there is no significant change in the effect and it is not economical. In addition, the amount of curing agent used depends on the intended curing time, the activity of the curing agent, etc.
You can select it as appropriate.
また、床下地面の土壌の粒度が小さい場合にはケイ酸ソ
ーダの粘度は小さいものを選ぶことが好ましい。反対に
土壌粒子が大きい場合、ケイ酸ソーダ溶液が容易に浸透
するため、所望の浸透深さとなるように粘度の高い溶液
を使用するが、あまりに粘度が高いと扱いにくくなるた
め、このような場合には、予め土壌表面に粒度の小さい
粉体を散布しておき、ケイ酸ソーダの過度の浸透を抑制
することが好ましい。あるいは、ケイ酸ソーダの硬化剤
となる物質を予め散布しておき、散布されたケイ酸ソー
ダの浸透を抑制することも有効である。このような物質
として石膏が有用であり、特にリン酸製造時に副生ずる
三水石膏は粒度が小さく土壌の粒度調整を果たすと同時
に、リン酸製造工程に由来して弱酸性を呈するものであ
り、緩やかな硬化剤としても作用し、浸透深さの調整に
は極めて有用である。Further, when the particle size of the soil on the subfloor is small, it is preferable to select a sodium silicate with a small viscosity. On the other hand, if the soil particles are large, the sodium silicate solution will penetrate easily, so a solution with a high viscosity will be used to achieve the desired penetration depth, but if the soil is too viscous, it will be difficult to handle. For this purpose, it is preferable to spread powder with small particle size on the soil surface in advance to suppress excessive penetration of sodium silicate. Alternatively, it is also effective to spray a substance that serves as a hardening agent for sodium silicate in advance to suppress penetration of the sprayed sodium silicate. Gypsum is useful as such a substance, and in particular, gypsum trihydrate, which is produced as a by-product during the production of phosphoric acid, has a small particle size and adjusts the particle size of the soil, and at the same time exhibits weak acidity due to the phosphoric acid production process. It also acts as a slow curing agent and is extremely useful for adjusting penetration depth.
炭酸ソーダ、重炭酸ソーダ等の硬化剤はケイ酸ソーダの
散布より前に散布すると急激なゲル化により、ケイ酸ソ
ーダの浸透を妨げるため、使用する場合にはケイ酸ソー
ダの散布の後が好ましい。If a hardening agent such as soda carbonate or sodium bicarbonate is sprayed before the soda silicate is sprayed, rapid gelation will occur and impede the penetration of the sodium silicate, so it is preferable to use it after the soda silicate is sprayed.
これら硬化剤の適用により、硬化剤と接触するケイ酸ソ
ーダ表面は急激にゲル化し、内部は徐々に硬化するもの
である
本発明でのケイ酸ソーダ硬化層の厚みは１〜５ｃｍの範
囲が好ましい。この範囲未満では湿気の遮断効果が十分
でない、シロアリ食害防止効果は基本的にはこの範囲未
満でもシロアリがこの硬化層を食い破ることはないため
十分であるが、強度的な点、湿気の遮断効果との兼合い
からもこの範囲未満での使用は好ましくない。またこの
範囲を越えてもその効果は顕著に相違せず、経済的では
ない。この範囲となるように、土壌の前処理、使用ケイ
酸ソーダの種類、粘度、硬化剤の選択等を選んで実施さ
れる。By applying these hardening agents, the surface of the sodium silicate in contact with the hardening agent rapidly gels, and the inside hardens gradually.The thickness of the hardened sodium silicate layer in the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 to 5 cm. . If it is less than this range, the moisture blocking effect is not sufficient.The termite damage prevention effect is basically sufficient even if it is below this range because termites will not eat through this hardened layer, but in terms of strength, moisture blocking From the viewpoint of effectiveness, it is not preferable to use the amount below this range. Moreover, even if it exceeds this range, the effect will not be significantly different, and it is not economical. Pretreatment of the soil, type and viscosity of the sodium silicate used, selection of hardening agent, etc. are selected so as to fall within this range.
確実にケイ酸ソーダの浸透深さを調整するためには粘度
層や石膏層のような緻密層を形成したのち粒度の大きい
土壌層を形成し、この層が硬化層となるようにすればよ
い。In order to reliably adjust the penetration depth of sodium silicate, it is best to form a dense layer such as a viscous layer or a gypsum layer, then form a soil layer with large grain size, and make this layer a hardened layer. .
このようにして形成したケイ酸ソーダの硬化層はそれ自
体としては湿気の遮断、シロアリの食害防止という面で
は極めて優れているが、特に新築の家屋の施工現場では
硬化層猛威ののちも作業のためその上を歩行したりする
ことがあり、クラックの発生等が問題となることがある
。従って速やかに硬化しかつ、硬化層の強度の向上が要
求される。このため各種の成分の添加が好ましい。硬化
時間の短縮という面だけをみれば、前述の硬化剤が有効
であるが、十分な強度を得るためにはこれらの硬化剤は
必ずしも有効ではない。強度の向上という面では無機水
硬性物質、特にセメントが好ましく、セメントは硬化剤
をも兼ねるものであり、ポルトランドセメントが価格、
強度への寄与度合から最も好ましい。このほかスラグも
ある一程度の効果が期待できるものである。ポルトラン
ドセメントはケイ酸ソーダの硬化促進効果も極めて大で
あり、硬化層形成手段によってはその作業時間に制限を
生じることもある。このため硬化時間の調整の効果を有
するアルミナセメントの添加が有効である。このアルミ
ナセメントの添加により、さらにポルトランドセメント
の硬化収縮による硬化層とその下地面との剥離等を防ぐ
こともでき、アルミナセメントの添加は極めて有効であ
る。The hardened layer of sodium silicate formed in this way is extremely excellent in terms of blocking moisture and preventing termite damage, but especially at the construction site of newly built houses, even after the hardened layer is hardened, work is difficult. Therefore, people may walk on it, which may cause problems such as the occurrence of cracks. Therefore, it is required to cure quickly and to improve the strength of the cured layer. For this reason, it is preferable to add various components. Although the above-mentioned curing agents are effective in terms of shortening the curing time, these curing agents are not necessarily effective in obtaining sufficient strength. In terms of improving strength, inorganic hydraulic substances, especially cement, are preferable.Cement also serves as a hardening agent, and Portland cement has a lower price and
Most preferred from the viewpoint of contribution to strength. In addition, slag can also be expected to have some effect. Portland cement also has an extremely large effect of accelerating the hardening of sodium silicate, and depending on the method used to form the hardened layer, the working time may be limited. For this reason, it is effective to add alumina cement, which has the effect of adjusting hardening time. Addition of alumina cement can also prevent peeling of the hardened layer from its underlying surface due to hardening shrinkage of Portland cement, and the addition of alumina cement is extremely effective.
さらにこの硬化体は耐水性および形状安定性に優れるも
のである。Furthermore, this cured product has excellent water resistance and shape stability.
また、施工面からみた場合には、硬化層の厚み調整のし
易さ、均質硬化層の形成のためには、施工地面上に、骨
材、例えば真上、砂、珪砂、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、
珪藻上等の無機固形物とポルトランドセメント、アルミ
ナセメントとをよく混合して所望硬化層厚みとなるよう
散布し、次いでケイ酸ソーダ溶液を散布する方法が有効
である。In addition, from a construction perspective, in order to easily adjust the thickness of the hardened layer and to form a homogeneous hardened layer, it is necessary to add aggregate such as sand, silica sand, calcium carbonate, talc, etc. directly above the construction ground. ,
An effective method is to thoroughly mix inorganic solids such as diatoms with Portland cement and alumina cement, and then spray the mixture to obtain a desired hardened layer thickness, followed by spraying a sodium silicate solution.
さらに硬化層の厚みを確実に規定したい場合には先に述
べた骨材、ポルトランドセメントおよびアルミナセメン
トに粉末ケイ酸ソーダを混合して散布する方法が有効で
ある。この場合には散布層の上から水を所定量散水して
やれば硬化が進行する。粉本ケイ酸ソーダを使用する方
法では、このように硬化層厚みを確実にコントロールす
ることができるばか作業性が極めて良好であり、予め上
記セメント類との混合組成物あるいは、これにさらに真
上等の骨材を混合した組成物として用意しておけば工事
現場では単に所望厚みとなるように層形威し、水を散水
するのみでよいため工事現場での施工性が格段に優れる
ものである。Furthermore, when it is desired to reliably define the thickness of the hardened layer, it is effective to mix powdered sodium silicate with the aggregate, portland cement, and alumina cement described above and to spread the mixture. In this case, curing proceeds by sprinkling a predetermined amount of water onto the sprayed layer. In the method of using powdered sodium silicate, the thickness of the hardened layer can be controlled reliably and the workability is extremely good. If the composition is prepared as a mixture of aggregates such as, etc., the workability at the construction site will be much better because all you need to do is to layer it to the desired thickness and sprinkle water on it. be.
これら組成物を用いて施工する場合の標準組成としては
、硬化層の厚み１ｃｙｎの場合で真上、砂等の骨材８〜
１４ Ｋ ｇ ／ ｍ、４０％ケイ酸ソーダ溶液１．８
〜２．１Ｋｇ／ｒｒｒ、ポルトランドセメント１．７〜
２．４Ｋｇ／ｒｄ、アルミナセメント０．５〜０．７Ｋ
ｇ／ｇ、希釈水２．２〜２．８Ｋ ｇ ／ ％であり、
また、粉末ケイ酸ソーダを用いる場合には粉末ケイ酸ソ
ーダ０．５〜Ｉ Ｋ ｇ ／ ｔｒｉ、水２４５〜４
Ｋ ｇ／ｒｔｆである。実際には硬化層の厚みによって
その量を加減すればよい。骨材がこの範囲より少ない場
合には所望の厚みとするための他の材料の量が多くなり
経済的ではない。またこの範囲を越えると他の成分の量
にもよるが相刻的に硬化層の強度、湿気の遮断性能が劣
ることとなる。ケイ酸ソーダがこの範囲より少ない場合
には湿気の遮断性能が十分ではなく、この範囲を越えて
も特段の付加的性能の向上もないため経済的ではない。The standard composition when performing construction using these compositions is that when the thickness of the hardened layer is 1 cyn, the aggregate such as sand is placed directly above the
14 K g/m, 40% sodium silicate solution 1.8
~2.1Kg/rrr, Portland cement 1.7~
2.4Kg/rd, alumina cement 0.5-0.7K
g/g, dilution water 2.2-2.8K g/%,
In addition, when using powdered sodium silicate, powdered sodium silicate 0.5 to I K g/tri, water 245 to 4
K g/rtf. In reality, the amount may be adjusted depending on the thickness of the cured layer. When the amount of aggregate is less than this range, the amount of other materials required to obtain the desired thickness is uneconomical. Moreover, if it exceeds this range, the strength and moisture barrier performance of the cured layer will deteriorate significantly, depending on the amounts of other components. If the amount of sodium silicate is less than this range, the moisture barrier performance will not be sufficient, and if it exceeds this range, there will be no particular additional performance improvement, which is not economical.
ポルトランドセメントがこの範囲より少ない場合には圧
縮強度の向上に十分寄与せず、特に新築現場での施工に
は不都合である。また、この範囲を越えた場合には他の
成分量にもよるが、湿気の遮断性能が低下する場合もあ
る。アルミナセメントはポルトランドセメントの量によ
り決定されるべきであり、比較的に少ない場合にはポル
トランドセメントの硬化膨張による不都合を解消するこ
とが困難となり、あまりに多くする必要もなく、ゲル化
時間の調整をも考慮するとこの範囲未満が好ましい。If the amount of Portland cement is less than this range, it will not contribute sufficiently to improving the compressive strength, which is particularly inconvenient for construction at new construction sites. Furthermore, if the content exceeds this range, the moisture barrier performance may deteriorate, depending on the amounts of other components. The amount of alumina cement should be determined by the amount of Portland cement, and if it is relatively small, it will be difficult to eliminate the inconvenience caused by hardening expansion of Portland cement, so there is no need to use too much, and the gelation time should be adjusted. Taking this into account, it is preferable to be less than this range.
このようにして形成した硬化層の強度は１日後で１．０
Ｋｇ／ｃＩａ、２８日後で１２０Ｋｇ／ｃｎｔ程度であ
り、施工後１日で硬化層厚み１ｃｍ以上あれば硬化層上
での作業は十分に可能である。The strength of the hardened layer thus formed was 1.0 after one day.
Kg/cIa is about 120 Kg/cnt after 28 days, and if the thickness of the hardened layer is 1 cm or more after 1 day of construction, it is sufficiently possible to work on the hardened layer.
本発明の硬化層は、ケイ酸ソーダ硬化体からなる緻密な
硬い層であって、シロアリはこの硬化層を食い破ること
ができず、床下土壌と上部の木造構造部との連絡路を断
たれるため土壌中の水分を補給できず活動できないもの
である。The hardened layer of the present invention is a dense hard layer made of a hardened sodium silicate material, and termites cannot break through this hardened layer, cutting off the communication path between the subfloor soil and the upper wooden structure. They cannot function because they cannot replenish the moisture in the soil.
本発明においては、シロアリの駆除のため硬化層にほう
素糸化合物を添加することももちろん可能である。In the present invention, it is of course possible to add a boron thread compound to the hardened layer to exterminate termites.
本発明によれば床下土壌からの湿気を木造構造部に移行
させないようにすることができるが、このほかにも床下
部分には、床下土壌と木材との接点がある。柱の床下基
礎部分を一般に「つか」というが、このつかを受ける土
台として「つか玉」と呼ばれるものがあり、一般にこの
ものはコンクリート製のものが使用されている。従って
、ミクロにみれば多孔体であるため、湿度条件等によっ
ては床下土壌からの水分を吸収し、つかを形成する木材
に水分を移行させる結果となるものである。According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent moisture from the subfloor soil from transferring to the wooden structure, but there are also other points of contact between the subfloor soil and the wood in the underfloor portion. The underfloor foundation of a pillar is generally called a ``tsuka'', and there is something called a ``tsukadama'' that serves as a base to support this tsuka, and this is generally made of concrete. Therefore, since it is a porous body from a microscopic point of view, depending on the humidity conditions, it absorbs moisture from the soil beneath the bed and causes the moisture to be transferred to the wood that forms the bridge.
木材中に十分な水分があるとシロアリが生育、活動しう
ろこととなる。かかる水分の移行を防止するためつか玉
を極めて緻密な材料、例えば、ガラス、プラスチック等
で形成することも有効である。When there is sufficient moisture in the wood, termites grow and become active, forming scales. In order to prevent such moisture transfer, it is also effective to form the skein ball from an extremely dense material, such as glass or plastic.
以下本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。The present invention will be specifically explained below using examples.
実施例１
床下高さ４０ｃｍの床下（広さ１０１０Ｘ１０の中央部
に温度針、湿度計を取りつけ経時的に自動記録した。ま
た、戸外（日陰）についても同様にして温度、湿度を測
定した。この結果、戸外については温度、湿度とも測定
時間、天候により大きく変動するにもかかわらず、床下
部分では、温度は戸外温度変化により変化するが、湿度
はほとんど一定の値（１０日間測定）で相対湿度的９２
％であった。Example 1 A temperature needle and a hygrometer were attached to the center of the floor (width 1010 x 10) at a height of 40 cm to automatically record the temperature and humidity over time. Temperature and humidity were also measured outdoors (in the shade) in the same manner. As a result, although the temperature and humidity outdoors fluctuate greatly depending on the measurement time and weather, the temperature below the floor changes due to outdoor temperature changes, but the humidity remains almost constant (measured for 10 days), and the relative humidity remains constant. target 92
%Met.
真上からなる床下土壌にリン酸製造時に副生ずる三水石
膏（！ｉ！性）を５ Ｋ ｇ ／ ｒｄの割合で均一に
散布した。しかるのちに３号ケイ酸ソーダを水により２
倍に希釈した溶液を２１／ｒｄの割合で均一に散布し、
散布後１０分後にさらに重炭酸ソーダを２ Ｋ ｇ ／
ｒｄの割合で均一に散布した。散布後１０分後には表
面は完全に硬化した。硬化層の深さは約３ｃｍであった
。施工後間−地点でその湿度を測定したところ、戸外の
相対湿度が７８〜９２％の範囲（１０日間）で変動した
のに対して、略連動して、７８〜８８％の範囲を保った
。土壌条件、ケイ酸ソーダ、硬化剤等の条件を種々変え
て施工をおこなったが、はぼ同様の結果が得られ、湿気
遮断効果に優れたものであった。Trihydrate gypsum (!i!), which is a by-product during phosphoric acid production, was uniformly sprinkled on the subbed soil immediately above at a rate of 5 kg/rd. Afterwards, add No. 3 sodium silicate to 2 parts with water.
Sprinkle the diluted solution evenly at a ratio of 21/rd,
10 minutes after spraying, add 2 kg of bicarbonate of soda/
It was evenly distributed at a rate of rd. The surface was completely hardened 10 minutes after spraying. The depth of the hardened layer was approximately 3 cm. When we measured the humidity at several points after construction, we found that while the outdoor relative humidity fluctuated in the range of 78 to 92% (for 10 days), it remained in the range of 78 to 88%, almost in tandem. . Construction was carried out with various conditions such as soil conditions, sodium silicate, hardening agent, etc., but results similar to Habo were obtained and the moisture barrier effect was excellent.
実施例２
真上（粒度４ ｍ ／ ｍメンシュパス品、ｄ＝ １゜
３）とポルトランドセメント、アルミナセメント（アサ
ヒフオンシュ、旭硝子製〉、ケイ酸ソーダを第１表の組
成となるように混合して硬化体を得た。この結果を第１
表に示した。なお、圧縮強度は３０ｍｍφＸ５０ｍｍの
供試体を用いクロスヘツドスピード２０ｍｍ／分で測定
した。防湿抵抗性はＪｌ、５ＺＯ２０８に準じて測定し
た。また、透水性はＪＩＳ１４０４に準じて測定した。Example 2 Immediately above (particle size: 4 m/m menspas product, d = 1°3), Portland cement, alumina cement (Asahi Fuonche, manufactured by Asahi Glass), and sodium silicate were mixed to have the composition shown in Table 1. A cured product was obtained.This result was used as the first
Shown in the table. The compressive strength was measured at a crosshead speed of 20 mm/min using a specimen measuring 30 mmφ x 50 mm. Moisture resistance was measured according to Jl, 5ZO208. Moreover, water permeability was measured according to JIS1404.
実施例３
第１表のＮｏ、１と同じ組成、すなわち真上１００重量
部に対して、ポルトランドセメント１８重１部、アルミ
ナセメント５重量部を混合したものを床下面に均一散布
した。そののち４０％３号ケイ酸ソーダ２０重量部を水
にて約２倍に希釈した溶液をこの上から散布した。それ
ぞれの使用量は１−当たり真上１０．７Ｋｇ、ポルトラ
ンドセメント１．９Ｋｇいアルミナセメント０．５３Ｋ
ｇ、ケイ酸ソーダ溶液２．１Ｋｇ、希釈水２．３Ｋｇで
あり、１ｃｍの硬化厚みを有する硬化層を得た。Example 3 The same composition as No. 1 in Table 1, that is, a mixture of 100 parts by weight of 100 parts directly above, 1 part by weight of Portland cement and 5 parts by weight of alumina cement was uniformly sprinkled on the underside of the floor. Thereafter, a solution prepared by diluting 20 parts by weight of 40% No. 3 sodium silicate with water to approximately 2 times the original volume was sprayed on top. The amount used for each is 10.7Kg directly above, 1.9Kg of Portland cement, and 0.53K of alumina cement.
g, 2.1 Kg of sodium silicate solution, and 2.3 Kg of dilution water, and a cured layer having a cured thickness of 1 cm was obtained.
このものの硬化体比重は１．７６であった。１日後には
十分な強度を有しており、硬化層の上での歩行に何ら支
障がなかった。また、実施例１と同様に湿気遮断性能を
評価したところばば同様の結果が得られた。The specific gravity of this cured product was 1.76. After one day, it had sufficient strength and there was no problem in walking on the cured layer. Furthermore, when the moisture barrier performance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, similar results were obtained.
実施例４
第１表のＮｏ、 ９と同じ組成、すなわち真上１００重
量部に対して、３号粉末ケイ酸ソーダ（日本化半型）８
重量部、ポルトランドセメント１８重量部、アルくナセ
メント５重量部、を混合し床下面に均一散布した。それ
ぞれの使用量は１−当たり糞土９．４Ｋｇ、ポルトラン
ドセメント１．７Ｋｇ、アルミナセメント０．４７Ｋｇ
、粉末ケイ酸ソーダ０．７５Ｋｇであり、次いで水を１
２当たり３．２Ｋｇ均一に散水して１ｃｍの硬化厚みを
有する硬化層を得た。このものの硬化体比重は１゜５５
であった。１日後には十分な強度を有しており、硬化層
の上での歩行に何ら支障がなかった。Example 4 The same composition as No. 9 in Table 1, that is, 100 parts by weight directly above, No. 3 powdered sodium silicate (Japanese half type) 8
18 parts by weight of Portland cement and 5 parts by weight of Alkuna cement were mixed and uniformly spread on the underside of the floor. The amount used for each is 9.4Kg of manure, 1.7Kg of Portland cement, and 0.47Kg of alumina cement.
, 0.75 kg of powdered sodium silicate, and then 1 ml of water.
A cured layer having a cured thickness of 1 cm was obtained by uniformly sprinkling 3.2 kg of water per sample. The specific gravity of this hardened product is 1°55
Met. After one day, it had sufficient strength and there was no problem in walking on the cured layer.
また、実施例工と同様に湿気遮断性能を評価したところ
ほぼ同様の結果が得られた。Furthermore, when the moisture barrier performance was evaluated in the same manner as in the example construction, almost the same results were obtained.
実施例５
内径８ｃｍ、高さ５ｃｍのアクリル樹脂のプラスチック
筒体の下部端面に、第１表のＮｏ、 １の硬化体（厚さ
５ｍｍ、２０ｍｍ）を設置してテストサンプルとした。Example 5 A test sample was prepared by placing the cured product No. 1 in Table 1 (thickness: 5 mm, 20 mm) on the lower end surface of a plastic cylinder made of acrylic resin with an inner diameter of 8 cm and a height of 5 cm.
大型容器の中に砂を入れ、その表面にテストサンプルを
置き、比較のため２０ｍｍの厚さに砂を盛り上げて、そ
れぞれにアカマツの木材片を置き、餌とした。サンプル
は、それぞれ３サンプル、計９サンプルとした。Sand was placed in a large container, a test sample was placed on the surface of the container, and for comparison, the sand was piled up to a thickness of 20 mm, and pieces of Japanese red pine wood were placed in each portion as bait. Three samples were used for each test, for a total of nine samples.
大型容器にイエシロアリを２０００頭投入し、大型容器
ごと２６℃の恒温暗室に静置した。2000 domestic termites were placed in a large container, and the large container was left standing in a constant temperature dark room at 26°C.
シロアリを投入して数時間経過後、無処理サンプルの方
にはシロアリが侵入し、数時間過後餌木の食害が始まっ
た。４週間経過後、無処理サンプルはいずれも激しく食
害されていたが、処理サンプルはいずれもシロアリの侵
入は認められなかった。A few hours after the termites were introduced, the termites invaded the untreated sample, and a few hours later they began to damage the bait wood. After 4 weeks, all of the untreated samples were severely damaged by feeding, but no termite invasion was observed in any of the treated samples.
し発明の効果コ
本発明によれば、汎用の材料であるケイ酸ソーダを用い
て、湿気の高い床下空間を容易かつ確実に防湿処理でき
るものであり、湿気に由来する白アリの食害を防止する
ことができ、家屋の保守上極めて有用である。また、セ
メント系材料との混合系では速やかに強度の高い硬化層
を猛威することができその上での作業も短時間で可能と
なるものであり、さらに粉末のケイ酸ソーダを用いる場
合には予めセメント系材料と混合したものを用意してお
けば現場では水を散水するだけで均質な硬化層を猛威す
ることができるものである。Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, using sodium silicate, which is a general-purpose material, a humid underfloor space can be easily and reliably moisture-proofed, and termite damage caused by moisture can be prevented. It is extremely useful for house maintenance. In addition, when mixed with cement-based materials, it is possible to quickly form a hardened layer with high strength, making it possible to work on it in a short time.Furthermore, when using powdered sodium silicate, If you prepare a mixture with cement material in advance, you can create a homogeneous hardened layer by simply sprinkling water on site.
Claims (4)
を特徴とする床下防湿・防蟻方法。(1) An underfloor moisture-proofing and termite-proofing method characterized by forming a hardened layer of sodium silicate on the subfloor surface.
なる床下防湿・防蟻層。(2) An underfloor moisture-proof/termite-proof layer made of a hardened mixture of aggregate, cement, and sodium silicate.
湿・防蟻用組成物。(3) An underfloor moisture-proofing/termite-proofing composition containing powdered sodium silicate and a solid hardening agent.
有する床下防湿・防蟻用組成物。(4) An underfloor moisture-proofing and termite-proofing composition containing powdered sodium silicate, aggregate, and a solid hardening agent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19241990A JPH03275840A (en) | 1989-09-22 | 1990-07-20 | Method and layer for underfloor dampproofing/ant prevention, and composition therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24667689 | 1989-09-22 | ||
| JP1-246676 | 1989-09-22 | ||
| JP2-48058 | 1990-02-28 | ||
| JP19241990A JPH03275840A (en) | 1989-09-22 | 1990-07-20 | Method and layer for underfloor dampproofing/ant prevention, and composition therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03275840A true JPH03275840A (en) | 1991-12-06 |
Family
ID=26507308
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19241990A Pending JPH03275840A (en) | 1989-09-22 | 1990-07-20 | Method and layer for underfloor dampproofing/ant prevention, and composition therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03275840A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997009491A1 (en) * | 1995-09-01 | 1997-03-13 | Anthony William Kennedy | Method and means for preventing or minimising termite attack or infestation |
| JP2005336154A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-12-08 | Japan Enviro Chemicals Ltd | Curable termite control composition |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60230451A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1985-11-15 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Under-floor moistureproof construction method |
-
1990
- 1990-07-20 JP JP19241990A patent/JPH03275840A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60230451A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1985-11-15 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Under-floor moistureproof construction method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997009491A1 (en) * | 1995-09-01 | 1997-03-13 | Anthony William Kennedy | Method and means for preventing or minimising termite attack or infestation |
| JP2005336154A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-12-08 | Japan Enviro Chemicals Ltd | Curable termite control composition |
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