JPH03265430A - Power supply system and controlling method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To supply power of the state matching a request of a load by altering at least one of function, characteristic and state of power converting means in response to the request by control means. CONSTITUTION:Power from a power supply source 2 is converted to power of different state by power converters 5a-5d, and supplied to loads 16a-16d. In this case, at least one of functions, characteristics and states of the converters 5a-5d is altered in response to the requests of the loads 16a-16d by a circuit switching controller 8 and a circuit converter 6. Thus, power matching the power states to be requested by the loads 16a-16d such as DC or high frequency AC power can be supplied to the loads 16a-16d. Accordingly, the power supply state is compatible and contributes to a reduction in size of a load unit.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a power supply system and a control method thereof;
In particular, the present invention relates to a power supply system suitable for supplying power from a power supply source to various loads in a building and a control method thereof.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, when supplying electricity to various loads in a building,
As described in [Mitsubishi Electric Technical Report Vol. 1.60, & 5. 1986], a configuration is adopted in which power from a commercial AC power source is supplied to a load via a transformer. However, in this method, power obtained by stepping down commercial power is supplied to each load as is, so depending on the load, a power converter is required to convert the power into the power form required by the load. Therefore, a power converter suitable for the load must be installed at the load, and there is no flexibility in the power supply form, making it difficult to downsize the load device.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The above-mentioned conventional technology lacks consideration for flexibility in the form of power supply to the load, which is a factor that hinders miniaturization of the load device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system and a control method thereof that can supply power to a load in a form that meets the demands of the load.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, as a first system, a power supply source, and a power conversion means that converts the power from the power supply source into power in a different form from this power and supplies it to a load. , and a control means for changing at least one of the function, characteristic, and state of the power conversion means in accordance with load demands.

The second system includes a power supply source, a plurality of power conversion means that converts the power from the power supply source into power in a different form from this power and supplies it to each load, and each power conversion means according to the load's request. The power supply system includes a plurality of control means for changing at least one of the functions, characteristics, and states of the means.

The third system including the second system is a power supply system having circuit switching means for connecting an arbitrary power conversion means to a specified load in the load group.

The fourth system includes a power supply source, a plurality of power conversion means that converts the power from the power supply source into power in a different form from this power and supplies it to each load, and a designated load in the load group. a circuit switching means for connecting any power conversion means to the power conversion means, a plurality of switch means for opening and closing the output side circuits of each power conversion means, and a state of the output side circuit of each power conversion means on the load side from each switch means. and a plurality of control means for changing at least one of the functions, characteristics, and states of each power conversion means according to the monitoring results of each state monitoring means. It is something.

A fifth system including one system among the first to fourth systems.
As a system, changes are made according to a model that simulates the dynamic characteristics of system components related to the power conversion means based on the load detection means that detects the state of the load and the detected output of the load detection means and the commands requested by the load. The power supply system is configured to generate a command and generate a change command to output the generated change command to a control means.

The first method is to change at least one of the function, characteristics, and state of the power conversion means according to the demands of the load when converting power from the power supply source using the power conversion means and supplying the converted power to the load. This method employs a control method for a power supply system that supplies power to a load in a different form from that of the power supply source.

As a second method, power from a power supply source is converted by a plurality of power conversion means, and when the output power of each power conversion means is supplied to each load, each power conversion means functions according to the request of each load. , a control method for a power supply system is adopted in which at least one of the characteristics and the state is changed to supply power to a load in a form different from that of the power supply source.

As a third method including the first or second method.

A power supply system in which the functions, characteristics, and states of the power conversion means are divided into a basic part and a variable part, and when changing the function, characteristics, and state length of the power conversion means, only the variable part is changed while the basic part continues. This system adopts a system control method.

As a fourth method including the first or second method, when changing the state of the power conversion means, the operating state of the power conversion means is changed according to a model that simulates the dynamic characteristics of system components related to the power conversion means. This method adopts a control method for the power supply system that determines the power supply system.

As a fifth method including the second method, when changing the function, characteristics, and state of each power conversion means, a power supply system that sets the post-conversion state of other power conversion means related to these changes. This control method was adopted.

[Effect]

When supplying power to a load, at least one of the function, characteristics, and state of the power conversion means is changed according to the load's request, so that power in a form different from that from the power supply source is supplied to the load. Therefore, it is possible to supply power to the load that matches the power form required by the load, and it is also possible to provide flexibility in the power supply form, contributing to downsizing of the load device.

[Example] Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described in the first example shown in FIGS. 1 to 9.
The figure is a circuit configuration diagram of the present invention, Figure 2 is a specific system configuration diagram when the present invention is applied to the power supply system of Building 1, and Figures 3 and 4 are of the power conversion device in the power supply system. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation method of the power converter, and FIGS. 6 to 9 are explanatory diagrams of the control method of the power converter.

First, before explaining the specific configuration of the system according to the present invention, the overall configuration of the system according to the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. In fig.

On the lower floors of building 1, there are power receiving equipment 2b that receives power from an external power system 2a such as a power purchase system or commercial AC system, private power generation equipment 2c, cogeneration equipment 2d, and large-capacity power storage device i2.
Power supply sources such as a power converter e and a main power converter 2f are installed, and power from these power supply sources is transmitted to the distribution line 11a.
, llb to the power distribution installations 3a to 3f, and also to the power converter 5 through the distribution lines 12a to 12e.
It is supplied to a-51. That is, a highly reliable power supply is made possible by connecting a plurality of power supply sources in parallel and, when one power supply source goes down, supplying power from another power supply source to the load. Furthermore, it is now possible to select and supply lower-priced electricity depending on the situation.

The main power converter 2f converts commercial AC power into power that is easy to convert into the power form required by the load, that is, DC or high-frequency AC power, and transfers the converted power to the power receiving equipment 3b, 3d, 3
It is designed to be supplied to f. For this reason, a power receiving membrane @3b is installed on each floor.

The burden on power receiving equipment 3b is reduced by reducing the burden on power receiving equipment 3d and 3f.
, 3d, and 3f can be simplified, and can contribute to improving the reliability and reducing the cost of the power supply system. In addition, each floor has a small capacity power storage system [4a
~4C, and by configuring a distributed power storage device consisting of a large capacity power storage device i2e and small capacity power storage devices 4a to 4c, it is possible to prevent instantaneous power outages to the load and reduce the load capacity of the power supply source. Leveling can be performed effectively. Leveling the load capacity is effective in reducing the installed capacity of the power supply source. Here, the small-capacity power storage devices j4a to 4C are designed to have a high-speed response, and the small-capacity power storage devices j4a to 4C and the large-capacity power storage device 2e are linked to provide instantaneous response in the event of a power outage. By using the small-capacity power storage devices 1i4a to 4c and using the large-capacity power storage device 2b when a power outage continues for a long time, a high-speed response and large-capacity distributed power storage device can be constructed.

In addition, distribution lines 11 are installed in the distribution equipment 3a, 3C, and 3e on each floor.
Commercial AC power is supplied via a, and power receiving equipment 3
DC or high-frequency AC power from the main power converter W2f is supplied to the power supply units b, 3d, and 3f via the distribution line 71b. In other words, it is possible to transmit power through two systems to supply power to each floor. Thereby, even if one system fails, power can be supplied from the other system, and stable power supply can be achieved. In addition, the equipment on each floor can be operated and monitored online by a host computer 9 via a communication line 3. In this case, by incorporating a microcomputer into each power supply source and each power conversion device, it is possible to add judgment functions such as selecting the operating state for each device, thereby improving the flexibility of power supply. ing. For this reason, the host computer 9
Even if the system goes down, each device can operate independently and continue supplying power to the load.

Next, among the power converters i5a to 51, the power converter 5
The specific configurations of a to 5d will be explained with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 1, the power receiving equipment 2b, the private power generation equipment 20, etc. are collectively represented as the power supply source 2, which is a large-capacity power storage device! 2e and small capacity power storage devices 4a to 4c are omitted.

In FIG. 1, the power converters i5a to 5d also include control circuits 17a to 17d, memory circuits 18a to 18d, and main circuits 19a to 19d, and control circuits 178 to 17
d is connected to the power monitoring device 10a via a high-speed communication line 13a, and is also connected to the host computer 9 via a communication line 3. Furthermore, main circuits 19a-1
9d is connected to the loads 16a to 16d via the circuit switching device 6. The host computer 9 is an arithmetic processing circuit 2
0a, a storage circuit 21a, and a power conversion monitoring bag [10a
is equipped with an arithmetic processing circuit 20b and a storage circuit 21b,
A high-speed communication line 1 is connected between each circuit and the power converters 5a to 5d.
4a, information is exchanged via a transmission line 13. The circuit switching device 6 is configured with distribution lines and switches 78 to 71 that connect the output side of each power conversion device and each load 16a to 16d in a grid pattern on a board. Each switch is configured to open and close its contacts in accordance with commands from the circuit switching control device 8, thereby connecting a designated load and any power converter.

Therefore, since the switches 78 to 71 are arranged at each intersection of the distribution lines, by operating each switch, one power converter can supply power to multiple loads according to the amount of power required by each load. Alternatively, multiple power converters can be operated in parallel to supply power to one load. When operating in this way, it is highly unlikely that all loads will always require maximum power, so if multiple power converters are operated in the manner described above, the overall load capacity will be reduced. The total power supply equipment capacity can be reduced, and an efficient power supply system can be realized. Furthermore, without stopping the entire system,
There are cases where only the power conversion device that requires maintenance and inspection is stopped, and maintenance and inspection are performed while the system is not stopped.

The circuit switching device 6 is operated by a circuit switching control bag W8, and the control device 8 has a function of receiving a signal from the communication line 3 and determining whether to switch the switch. Normally, the power converters 58 to 5d and the circuit switching control bag w8 are operated based on commands from the power converter device [3, Oa] depending on the state of each load. For example, if each load 16a to 16d is an air conditioner in a building, the power conversion monitoring device 10a first determines the indoor environment using environmental sensors 15a to i5d such as an indoor temperature sensor and humidity sensor, and then It is now possible to set the output. At this time, the power form such as the amount of power, frequency, and voltage required by each load is determined from the output setting value of each load (air conditioner), and based on this determination result, the circuit switching control device 8 and each power conversion device ! 5
Operation commands are sent to a to 5d.

Further, each power conversion device 5a to 5d has a high-speed communication line 14a.
Information regarding the state of the circuit switching means is obtained from the power conversion monitoring device 10a via the power conversion monitoring device 10a to determine the load to which power should be transmitted. At this time, the state of the load to which power is being transmitted is detected through the high-speed communication line 14a, and power is supplied to the load in the form of power requested by the load.

In addition to air conditioners, the loads 16a and 16d include lighting equipment, 0A11!! equipment, elevators, security and disaster prevention equipment,
- General household appliances etc. are used, and the power converter 5a~
5d needs to supply power to loads with arbitrary voltage waveforms in response to various loads. For this reason, the power converter
Main circuits 5a to 5d] and 9a to 19d must be configured to be able to supply voltage to the load at any frequency and at any voltage. In addition, the control circuits 17a to 1 and 7d must be able to automatically change the control function, control characteristics, etc. in response to various requests from the load. ]-7
d is composed of an arithmetic processing circuit so that the control algorithm can be changed, and is a memory circuit i8a that holds the control algorithm.
~18d is provided in each power conversion device.

As shown in FIG. 3, the power converter W5a includes a main circuit 19a, a memory circuit 1-8a, and a control circuit 17a.
The main circuit 19a converts the alternating current power from the main circuit 19a into power of a different form from the power from the distribution equipment 3a, and supplies the converted power to each load.

The main circuit 19a includes a diode rectifier 22 and a reactor 23.
and a filter circuit including a capacitor 24, an inverter circuit 25 that generates an AC voltage e from a DC voltage Ed obtained as the output of the filter circuit, and a transformer 2 for electrical insulation.
7. Converter circuit 28゜reactor 3]-a and capacitor 3]- which generates any output voltage V from AC voltage e
Output filter circuit 30 and output switch 32 by b
It consists of The control circuit 17a takes in the power voltage E via the voltage detection circuit 33, and controls the switch elements 26a to 26d in the inverter circuit 25 and the converter circuit 28 so that the voltage value and frequency of the output voltage E become the values required by the load. switch element 29a.

Operate 29b.

In the inverter circuit 25, as shown in FIG. 4(A), when the switch elements 26a and 26d are turned on, e = E d, and the switch elements 26b and 26
When e is turned ON, e=-Ed. In the converter circuit 28, when the switch element 29a is turned on, v=e, and when the switch element 29b is turned on, v=e.

As a result, from the output of the filter circuit 30, (B) in FIG.
A signal with the waveform shown in is output.

In this way, by arbitrarily adjusting the switching period of each switching element of the inverter circuit 25 and the converter circuit 28, the power conversion device 5a can output an arbitrary voltage waveform. A control program for realizing the control functions of the control circuit 17a is built-in.

Further, an output switch 32, a voltage detection circuit 34, and a current detection circuit 35 are provided on the output side of the output filter circuit 30. Based on the detection results of each detection circuit, the output switch 32
By operating the power converter 5a and other power converters, parallel operation is possible.9 For example, if the power converter W5b is already operating and the power converter i5
When the power converters [5a and 5b are operated in parallel by additionally activating the power converters [5a and 5b], the circuit switching device 6 switches each power converter [5a].

Connect the output side of 5b. Thereafter, while the output switch 32 of the power converter 5a remains open, the voltage detection circuit 34
The voltage value of the output voltage of the power converter [5b, the frequency,
Information such as phase is input to match the output voltage waveform of the power converter 5a to the output of the power converter 5b. Next, the output switch 32 is closed, and during parallel operation, the current detection circuit 35 detects the load current to balance the load sharing of each converter.

When supplying power from each power conversion device 5a" 5d to each load, the host computer 9 cooperates with the power conversion monitoring device 10a to grasp the status of the power supply source 2 and the distribution equipment 3a, The decision is made based on energy saving, etc. In this case, in this system, even if the power conversion monitoring device I 10 a goes down, the circuit switching control device 8 and the power conversion devices 58 to 5
By making frjJl decisions using d, etc., it is possible to continue supplying power without stopping the entire system.

In addition, two communication lines consisting of the communication line]-3 and the high-speed communication line 14a are provided because the amount of information to be communicated is small but required by the load in order to drive the load with the power conversion devices 58 to 5d. This is because high-speed communication of information regarding the power type, etc. is required, and low-speed but large-capacity communication is required for the host computer 9 to manage the entire power supply system. Here, information is exchanged between the two communication lines via the power exchange monitoring device II Oa, but the power conversion monitoring device! It is also possible to provide a separate means for exchanging information between the two communication lines in consideration of the case where 10a goes down. Furthermore, depending on the form of the power supply system, it is possible to provide even more communication lines.

Next, a method of operating the power conversion device in the power supply system will be described.

In order to operate the power converters E5a to 5d, a means for determining the connection relationship, state, etc. of each power converter is required. Therefore, as an example, each power conversion device 5a to 5d
A method of providing a device code to a device will be explained with reference to FIG.

Here, the specific contents of the five equipment codes are: equipment identification number to distinguish it from other equipment, distribution equipment identification number to know the connected distribution equipment, and equipment identification number to know the connected load. A connected load identification number and a load attribute identification number are used to know the type of load. In the example shown in FIG. 5, distribution equipment 3a and 3b are installed as distribution equipment that supplies power to the power converters 5a to 5d, and loads lea and 16b are installed as loads, and loads 16a and 16b are load groups. 36a, and the loads 16c and 16d form a load group 36b.

The two distribution facilities 3a and 3b are given 1 and 2 as distribution facility numbers, respectively, and each distribution facility number is stored in the memory means 37a and 3 in the respective distribution facilities 3a and 3b.
7b. The load identification numbers 1 to 4 of each load are stored in respective storage means 42a to 42d, and the load attribute identification numbers are stored in storage means 43a to 43d, respectively.
It is assumed that loads having the same load attribute identification number supply power to the same thread body. Power converter i5a to 5e
The storage means 38a to 38e respectively store power converter identification numbers 1 to 5, the storage means 39a to 39e store distribution equipment identification numbers 1 to 2, and the storage means 40a to 40e store connected load identification numbers]-- 5, and the load attribute identification number 1 or 2 is stored in the storage means 41a to 41b, respectively.

Each of the power converters 5a to 5e receives information on the distribution equipment number from the host computer 9 via the communication line 13, and inputs the load identification number and load attribute identification number from the circuit switching control device 8 via the communication line 13. You are prompted to enter information. Therefore, in the state shown in FIG. 5, the storage means of each of the power converters 58 to 5d has device codes r11.1], J, r2], 21'', respectively.
r3132'', r4232J, and r5242J are stored.

In addition, a plurality of control programs are prepared in advance in the host computer 9 in correspondence with load attribute identification numbers, and each power conversion device 5a to 5e is configured to control programs when the load attribute identification number in the equipment code is changed. The host computer 9 is made aware of the need to change the function and requests the host computer 9 via the communication line 13 to provide a control program corresponding to the changed load attribute identification number. At this time, the host computer 9 connects the power converters w5a to 5 via the communication line 13.
The necessary control program is transferred in response to a request from e. Further, control programs can also be provided from other power conversion devices that have already stored the necessary control programs.

In this case as well, the existence of the control program can be known simply by searching the device code of the power conversion device.

In this way, when the equipment cord is used, the loads 16a to 1
, 6d, the control functions, control characteristics, control states, etc. of the power converters i5a to 5e can be flexibly changed.

Next, the control method for each power converter will be described using air conditioner load as an example. FIG. 6 shows a system configuration in which the temperature of the indoor environment 44 is detected by environmental sensors 15a to 15d and kept constant.

In the figure, the direct loads of the power converters 15b to 5d are air conditioner loads 16a to 6d, but the indoor temperature is determined by the output balance of each air conditioner. Therefore, the indoor environment such as temperature propagation characteristics can be considered as an indirect load on the power converter. Therefore, in order to keep the indoor temperature distribution optimal, it is necessary to balance the output of each power converter. A means for creating an output command value for each power conversion device is required.

FIG. 7 shows the overall configuration of the control system taking into account the above two points. In FIG. 7, the indoor temperature T is determined by the environmental sensors 15a to 15d.
a, Tb, Tc, and Td, and adders 458 to 45d
Temperature command values Tar, Tb r, Tc r, Td
Means 4 for determining the deviation from r and creating a power converter output command
6, an output command for each power conversion device is created from each temperature deviation. Power converters i5a to 5d are air conditioner loads 16
Each load is operated so that the outputs of a to 16d match the output command of the power converter. Here, the indoor environment is determined by environmental sensors i 5 a to 15 using the output of each air conditioner load as input.
Since it can be considered as a system that outputs the detected value of d, it can be seen that the means 46 for generating the power converter output command may be an inverse model of the indoor environment that obtains the necessary air conditioner output from the detected temperature value. . Neural networks are effective as a means to realize such models.

FIG. 8 shows an example of the configuration of the power converter output command generating means 46 using a neural network.

In FIG. 8, the power converter output command generating means 46 consists of a plurality of neurons 47a to 47i, and the adding unit 4
The temperature deviation from 5a to 45d is inputted to output the output command value of each power conversion device.

Each neuron is composed of a product-sum function 48a and a nonlinear function 49a as shown in FIG.
By setting the value of the magnification Wi, the relationship between the output signal Y and the inputs x1 to Xn can be arbitrarily determined. In other words, if such a neuron is configured as shown in Figure 8,
If the value of the magnification Wi in each neuron is adjusted in advance according to the indoor situation, the above-mentioned inverse model of the indoor environment can be obtained.

By using the inverse indoor environment model described above, balanced cooperative operation can be achieved between power converters.

Further, power converters 58 to 5d, air conditioner loads 16b to 16
It can be seen that the power converter 5a can be operated in coordination regardless of the operating state of d. Therefore, if the control system of each power converter has an inverse model of the indoor environment, each power converter can be operated independently and in a cooperative manner. However, if some of the power converters operating in coordination are not operating normally due to a failure, etc., the failure state is determined by comparing the characteristics of the indoor environment with the characteristics of the inverse model, and the characteristics of the inverse model are determined. Need to change. The characteristics of the inverse model can be determined by determining the input and output characteristics of the indoor environment by using the learning function of the neural network.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the control function, control characteristics, and control state of the power conversion means can be changed arbitrarily in accordance with the demands of the load.

It is possible to respond to various demands of loads, to provide flexible power supply, and to contribute to downsizing of load devices.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a specific system configuration diagram when the present invention is applied to a building power supply system, and Fig. 3 is a specific system configuration diagram of a power conversion device. 4 is a waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the power converter, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operating method of the power converter, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are respectively for the power converter. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the command generation means of the power converter, and FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a neuron. 2... Power supply source, 58-51... Power conversion device. ...Circuit switching device, 78-7...Circuit switching control device, ...Host computer, 0...Power conversion monitoring device, 6a-16cl...Load. ■...Switch,

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A power supply source, a power conversion means that converts the power from the power supply source into a different form of power and supplies it to the load, and a power conversion means that converts the power from the power supply source into a different form of power and supplies it to the load, and the power conversion means according to the request of the load. and a control means for changing at least one of a function, a characteristic, and a state. 2. A power supply source, a plurality of power conversion means that converts the power from the power supply source into power in a different form from this power and supplies it to each load, and the functions of each power conversion means according to the demands of the load; and a plurality of control means for changing at least one of a characteristic and a state. 3. The power supply system according to claim 2, further comprising circuit switching means for connecting an arbitrary power conversion means to a specified load in the load group. 4. A power supply source, a plurality of power conversion means that converts the power from the power supply source into power in a different form from this power and supplies it to each load, and a plurality of power conversion means that converts the power from the power supply source into power in a different form and supplies it to each load, and provides arbitrary power to a specified load in the load group. a circuit switching means for connecting the conversion means; a plurality of switch means for respectively opening and closing the output side circuits of each power conversion means;
A plurality of condition monitoring means for monitoring the state of the load side from each switch means in the output side circuit of each power conversion means, and at least one of the functions, characteristics, and states of each power conversion means according to the monitoring result of each condition monitoring means. and a plurality of control means for changing one power supply system. 5. Load detection means for detecting the state of the load, and change commands according to a model that simulates the dynamic characteristics of system components related to the power conversion means based on the detected output of the load detection means and the commands requested by the load. Claims 1 and 2 further comprising: generating a change command and outputting the generated change command to the control means.
, 3 or 4. The power supply system according to . 6. When converting the power from the power supply source using the power conversion means and supplying it to the load, change at least one of the function, characteristics, and state of the power conversion means according to the demands of the load to convert the power supply source. A control method for a power supply system that supplies power in a different form to a load. 7. When converting power from a power supply source using multiple power conversion means and supplying the output power of each power conversion means to each load, the functions, characteristics, and status of each power conversion means are determined according to the demands of each load. A method for controlling a power supply system, which changes at least one of the above and supplies power in a form different from that of a power supply source to a load. 8. Divide the function, characteristics, and state of the power conversion means into a basic part and a variable part, and when changing the function, characteristics, and state of the power conversion means, change only the variable part while continuing the basic part. A method for controlling a power supply system according to claim 6 or 7. 9. The power supply system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein when changing the state of the power conversion means, the operating state of the power conversion means is determined according to a model that simulates the dynamic characteristics of system components related to the power conversion means. Control method. 10. The method for controlling a power supply system according to claim 7, wherein when changing the functions, characteristics, and states of each power conversion means, the converted states of other power conversion means related to these changes are set.