JPH03262860A - Multiple-divided movable dome roof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve a function by dividing a partially spherical roof into an arch-shaped center roof and even-numbered roofs disposed on both sides of the center roof, and allowing these roofs to be independently movable. CONSTITUTION:At the upper part of a structure body 1, an arch top roof 3 forming the center part of a spherical dome roof 2 is provided in such a way as to be longitudinally movable along a side track 6. At the front and rear parts of the roof 3, a side part inner roof 4 and a side part outer roof 5 are disposed in such a way as to be independently movable circling along an inner track 7 and an outer track 8. The roofs 4, 5 can be further divided in two if desired. At the time of opening the roof, the roof 3 is moved onto the upper part of the roof 4, and the roof 5 is moved circling to be enclosed being lapped up between the roofs 3, 4. The roof configuration thereby becomes stable to heighten self-supporting performance, as well as wind pressure resistance and waterproofing performance are improved. In addition, natural illumination can be freely controlled by moving the roof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a retractable dome roof used in leisure facilities, multipurpose halls such as event venues, or stadiums.

[Conventional technology]

All-weather domes, traditionally used as facilities for baseball fields and stadiums, cover the entire facility with a spherical or arched roof, and are primarily intended to deal with rain, snowfall, wind, etc. It is.

In response, there is an increasing demand for retractable dome roofs that bring in as much natural light and fresh air as possible when the weather is nice and give a sense of openness. Regarding this type of retractable dome roof,
Conventionally, various types of applications have been filed.

For example, JP-A-59-126835 discloses a hollow hemispherical dome in which a diametrically band-shaped opening is formed at the top of the dome body, and a lid body that can be opened and closed is provided in the opening. has been done.

In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 169540/1983 discloses an openable type in which the dome roof forming a spherical surface is composed of a fixed roof with a donut-like planar shape and a plurality of movable roofs that move in the radial direction toward the central opening. The dome is exposed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-228546 discloses a roof structure in which a membrane roof is divided into a plurality of parallel elements, and each of the divided roof parts is movable along a travel path orthogonal thereto.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

As mentioned above, various types of retractable dome roofs have been developed, but the conventional retractable dome roofs have the following problems.

First, with the opening at the top of the dome roof, apart from providing ventilation, it is not possible to satisfactorily meet the desire to let in direct sunlight due to factors such as the angle of sunlight.

In addition, a self-supporting roof in which the movable roof section runs along parallel tracks requires space for the tracks and space for roof storage that moves along the tracks, so the storage space of the dome is limited. A relatively large area must be secured. In addition, in order to reduce the roof storage space, it is necessary to increase the number of roof divisions, which causes problems with the stability of the divided roof parts and complicates operation.

Furthermore, if the dome roof forming the spherical surface is divided into parallel parts and these parts are moved in parallel, the force due to wind pressure applied to each divided roof part during storage is large, making it difficult to design against lift and overturning.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art as described above, and it is possible to obtain a large opening that provides a sufficient sense of openness, to obtain sufficient sunlight by opening, and to be structurally stable. To provide a retractable dome roof that can be opened and closed quickly and easily and is easy to maintain.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the retractable dome roof of the first invention of the present application, the roof portion having a shape obtained by cutting a spherical surface along a horizontal plane is divided into an odd number of three or more, and includes an arch-shaped roof root covering the top of the roof, a side inner roof, and an inner side roof. The outer side roof has a diameter that can accommodate the inner side roof.

The apex root has a structure that can stand on its own by supporting the lower ends on both sides, and the lower ends on both sides are supported along a pair of side tracks.
It can be slid in a direction perpendicular to the arch formed by the top root. The pair of side tracks are located in vertical planes parallel to each other, and form an upwardly convex curve in the vertical plane. Regarding the sliding of the top root, since the side track has a slope, if the slope is large, it is necessary to design the overturning moment in consideration, and the engagement part between the lower ends of both sides of the top root and the side track must be reinforced. Alternatively, it is also possible to use a support mechanism such as a hydraulic device such as a hydraulic cylinder or a wire to resist the overturning moment. Further, as a driving means for sliding, a mechanism based on engagement of a rack and a pinion, a cableway type mechanism, etc. can be used.

The inner side roof and the outer side roof each have a structure that can stand on their own by supporting the lower ends forming a circular arc. Can be slid separately.

In the retractable dome roof of the second invention of the present application, the roof portion having a shape obtained by cutting a spherical surface along a horizontal plane is divided into an odd number of 5 or more, and an arch-shaped roof root covering the top of the roof, a side inner roof, and a roof An intermediate inner roof that is located between the top root and the side inner roof when closed, a side outer roof that has a diameter that can accommodate the middle inner roof on the inside, and an intermediate that is located between the top root and the side outer roof when the roof is closed. It has an external roof.

The apex root has a structure that can stand on its own by supporting the lower ends on both sides, and the lower ends on both sides are supported along a pair of side tracks.
It can be slid in a direction perpendicular to the arch formed by the top root. The pair of side tracks are located in vertical planes parallel to each other, and form an upwardly convex curve in the vertical plane. Regarding the sliding of the top root, since the side track has a slope, if the slope is large, it is necessary to design the overturning moment in consideration, and the engagement part between the lower ends of both sides of the top root and the side track must be reinforced. Alternatively, it is also possible to use a support mechanism such as a hydraulic device such as a hydraulic cylinder or a wire to resist the overturning moment. Further, as a driving means for sliding, a mechanism based on engagement of a rack and a pinion, a cableway type mechanism, etc. can be used.

The inner side roof and the outer side roof each have a shape that allows them to stand on their own by supporting the lower end of an arc, and the inner inner roof and the outer roof of the middle part extend along the outer surface of the inner side roof and the outer side roof, respectively. The lower end of the inner roof and the lower end of the outer roof can be slid separately along the circular inner and outer tracks, respectively, while sliding and overlapping them. Regarding the sliding of the intermediate inner roof and the intermediate outer roof, rails, etc. are provided along the outer surfaces of the inner and outer side roofs, and rollers, wheels, etc. are provided on the inner surfaces of the inner and outer roofs. It can be slid by running a traveling device along the rail or by operating a wire connected to a winch.

As described above, in the first and second inventions, the inner side roof and the outer side roof stand on their own by supporting their lower ends;
In order to further stabilize the structure, it is conceivable to form an arch-shaped beam at the joint when the dome roof is closed, and to increase the rigidity of this arch-shaped beam portion. It is also conceivable to prevent protrusion by forming a highly rigid lower peripheral wall at the lower end of the spherical roof and arranging tension material such as PC steel to tension it in the circumferential direction.

〔Example〕

The illustrated embodiment will be described below.

The attached drawings show an embodiment in which the retractable dome roof of the present invention is used in a stadium, an event venue, or the like.

FIGS. 1 to 7 show an embodiment of the first invention of the present application, and FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 show the appearance of the dome in a closed state, a half-open state, and a fully open state, respectively. FIGS. 5 to 7 show the operating states in opening and closing corresponding to these.

The dome in this embodiment has a spherical dome roof 2 built on top of a cylindrical structure body 1 made of reinforced concrete or steel-framed reinforced concrete, and an arch-shaped top root 3 that covers the top of the dome roof 2. It is composed of an inner side roof 4 and an outer side roof 5. For each of these three-divided roof parts, for example, a membrane material such as a translucent Teflon membrane can be used on the top surface of a framework consisting of a three-dimensional truss, but the membrane material is not limited to metal. Roof structures other than those using plates or other panels or membrane structures may be used, and for relatively small-scale dome roofs, concrete roofing materials are also possible.

The top root 3 slides along side tracks 6 formed on the sides of the dome roof 2 and can be moved back and forth from the top position shown in FIG. On the other hand, the inner side roof 4 and the outer side roof 5 can slide along inner tracks 7 and outer tracks 8, which are formed in double layers on the upper part of the structure frame 1, and can be overlapped. As the driving means, bogies and other various traveling devices used in conventional retractable dome roofs can be used.

Figure 4 shows the positional relationship of each roofing material in the overlapping direction, and when fully opened, the roof root 3 is placed above the outer side roof 5 with the inner side roof 4 stored inside, as shown in the figure. is located. By making the side track 6 not a horizontal track but an upwardly convex curve, the top root 3 and the side outer roof 5 can be brought close to each other, which reduces the influence of wind pressure and improves the structure of the top room board 3. The shaded area also becomes smaller. The two-dot chain line indicates the movement state of each roofing material.

In Figure 4, 9 is the audience seating area inside the dome, which is semi-underground.
'Shows a rotated cross section.

Next, the operating state of the retractable dome roof of the present invention when it is opened and closed will be explained.

(1) Completely closed state Figures 1 and 5 show the dome roof 2 in a closed state, including the top root 3, the inner side roof 4, and the outer side roof 5.
The roof surface is covered.

(2) Half-open state Figures 2 and 6 show a state in which the top root 3 has been moved toward the inner side roof 4 from the state shown in (1), and the outer side roof 5 has been rotated toward the inner side roof 4. This is what is shown. In addition, by sliding each roofing material separately, various patterns of half-open states can be obtained.

(3) Fully opened state FIGS. 3 and 7 show a fully opened state in which each roof material is overlapped, and an opening corresponding to about 273 of the entire dome roof is obtained.

8 to 14 show an embodiment of the second invention of the present application, and FIGS. 8 and 9 show the appearance of the dome in a closed state and a fully opened state, respectively.

The dome in this embodiment is a cylindrical structure 11 made of reinforced concrete or steel-framed reinforced concrete.
A spherical dome roof 12 is constructed on the top of the dome roof 12, and an arch-shaped top root 13 that covers the top of the dome roof 12;
It is composed of a side inner roof 14, a side outer roof 15, a middle inner roof 16, and a middle outer roof 17. For each of these 5-divided roof parts, for example, a membrane material such as a translucent Teflon membrane can be used on the top surface of a framework consisting of a three-dimensional truss, but the membrane material is not limited to metal. A roof structure using boards or other panels, or a roof structure other than a membrane structure may be used.

The top root 13 slides along side tracks 18 formed on the sides of the dome roof 12 and can be moved back and forth from the top position shown in FIG. The intermediate inner roof 16 and the intermediate outer roof 17 are the inner side roof 14 and the outer side roof 1, respectively.
It can be slid along a rail (not shown) provided on the outer surface of the roof 5 and overlapped with the inner side roof 14 and the outer side roof 15. In this state, the inner side roof 14 and the outer side roof I5 are slid along the inner track 19 and the outer track 20, which are double formed on the upper part of the structure frame 11, respectively.
Two roof members can be stacked on top of each other. In the fully open state, the top root 13 will be located above this. As the driving means, bogies and other various traveling devices used in conventional retractable dome roofs can be used.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show the positional relationship of each roofing material in the overlapping direction. When fully opened, as shown in FIG. 11, from the inside, the side inner roof 14, the middle inner roof 16,
The side outer roof 15, the middle outer roof 17, and the top root 13 overlap in this order.

By making the side track 18 not a horizontal track but an upwardly convex curve, the top root 13 and the intermediate outer roof 17 can be brought close to each other, reducing the influence of wind pressure and reducing the shadow of the top root I3. The part that becomes smaller will also become smaller. The two-dot chain line indicates the movement state of each roofing material.

Further, the dividing line between the inner side roof 14 and the middle inner roof 16 and between the outer side roof 15 and the middle outer roof 17 is a curved line that is almost the same as the arc of the lower end of the inner side roof 14 and the outer side roof 15. By doing so, when the intermediate inner roof 16 and the intermediate outer roof 17 overlap on the inner side roof 14 and the outer side roof 15, respectively, the lower end lines of these roofing materials can be made to coincide. Furthermore, by dividing the dome roof surface into 5 equal parts on an arc perpendicular to the dividing direction,
The middle inner roof 16 and the middle outer roof 17 overlap with the same width on the inner side roof 14 and the outer side roof 15, respectively, so that a large opening can be obtained in a stable state.

In FIG. 11, reference numeral 21 denotes the audience seating part inside the dome, which is semi-underground, and this part is shown in a cross section rotated by 90 degrees with respect to the dome roof 12 part.

Next, the operating state of the retractable dome roof of the present invention when it is opened and closed will be explained.

(1) Completely closed state Figures 8 and 12 show the dome roof 12 in a closed state, including the top roof 13, inner side roof 14, outer side roof 15, inner inner roof 16, and outer middle roof. roof 17
The roof surface is covered.

(2) Half-open state Fig. 13 shows that from the state of (1), the intermediate inner roof 16 and the intermediate outer roof 17 are superimposed on the upper surfaces of the inner side roof 14 and the outer side roof 15, respectively, and the top root ■3 is placed inside the side roof. Side outer roof 1 moved in the roof 14 direction and overlapped
5 and the intermediate outer roof 17 are shown rotated toward the side inner roof I4. In addition, by sliding each roofing material separately, various patterns of half-open states can be obtained.

(3) Fully opened state FIGS. 9 and 14 show a fully opened state in which each roof material is overlapped, and an opening corresponding to about 415 of the entire dome roof is obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

■ The arched roof root and the internal and external lateral roofs are geometrically stable and can stand on their own.

■ By making the side track for sliding the top root an upwardly convex curve, the top root and the side outer roof can be placed close to each other when overlapped, reducing the influence of wind pressure. The shaded area of the crown root also becomes smaller.

■ The roof root, inner side roof, and outer side roof are supported at their lower ends, and the lower ends are configured to slide, making it easy to attach a moving device during construction and to perform maintenance after construction.

■ By overlapping each roofing material, in the case of dividing the entire dome roof into 3 parts, a large opening corresponding to approximately 475 parts of the entire dome roof can be obtained, and sunlight rays in an oblique direction can be fully incorporated into the dome. In addition, the incidence of sunlight can be freely controlled by parallel movement of the roof root and 360° rotation of the side and inner and outer roofs.

■ Since each divided roof member slides separately, even if emergency opening or closing is required, it can be handled quickly.

■ When closed, the roof joints of each division overlap inside and out or vertically, making it easy to shut off rain at the joints.

■ It is divided into an odd number of sections with an arch in the center, and the central arch partially overlaps the roof materials on both sides, making it possible to create a retractable dome with good waterproof properties.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of an embodiment of the retractable dome roof of the first invention of the present application; FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views showing the same embodiment in a half-open state and a fully open state, respectively; FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the same embodiment, and FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 are plan views for explaining the operating state corresponding to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, respectively. be. Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of an embodiment of the retractable dome roof of the second invention of the present application, Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the fully open state, Fig. 1O is a side view, and Fig. 11 is a vertical view. The sectional view, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, and FIG. 14 are plan views for explaining the operating state. 1... Structure frame, 2... Dome roof, 3... Top roof, 4... Side inner roof, 5... Side outer roof, 6
...Side orbit, 7...Inner orbit, 8...Outer orbit

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a dome roof that has a shape obtained by cutting a spherical surface along a horizontal plane and whose peripheral portion is supported by a structure frame or foundation, the roof is divided into an odd number of 3 or more and an arch-like shape that covers the top of the roof. A top root, an inner side roof, and an outer side roof having a diameter that can accommodate the inner side roof are provided, and the lower ends of both sides of the top root are upwardly convex in vertical planes parallel to each other. The lower end of the inner roof and the lower end of the outer roof are slidable along a pair of side tracks forming a curve, and the lower end of the inner roof and the lower end of the outer roof are moved along circular inner and outer tracks, respectively.
A multi-divided dome roof that can be opened and closed separately. (2) In a dome roof that has the shape of a spherical surface cut by a horizontal plane and whose peripheral portion is supported by a structure frame or foundation, the roof is divided into an odd number of 5 or more, and an arch-shaped roof that covers the roof top is divided into an odd number of 5 or more. a top root, a side inner roof, an intermediate inner roof that is located between the top root and the side inner roof when the roof is closed and is slidable along the outer surface of the side inner roof, and the middle inner roof is housed inside. an intermediate outer roof that is located between the top root and the side outer roof when the roof is closed and is slidable along the outer surface of the side outer roof; The lower ends of both sides of the top root can be slid along a pair of side tracks forming an upwardly convex curve in vertical planes parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the inner side roof and the lower ends of the outer side roof are respectively slidable. A multi-divided retractable dome roof characterized by being able to slide independently along a circular inner track and an outer track.