JPH03262814A - Wave dissipation structure, its construction and frame body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase wave dissipating effect and to improve workability by providing slits in a shape and a size enough to prevent wave dissipating materials for consolidation of foundation and inside filling from falling off on a slender cylindrical body and an overhang plate extending out downward on its bottom part. CONSTITUTION:Slits 8... in a shape and a size enough to prevent wave dissipating materials 13, 15 for consolidation of foundation and inside filling from falling off are provided on a peripheral wall 6 and a bottom wall 7 of slender cylindrical bodies 5, 5 having openings 9,9 on the upper surface. Additionally, hangover plates 10... are extended out in two or three directions outward on the bottom part of the slender cylindrical bodies 5, 5, and slits 11 in a shape and a size enough to prevent the wave dissipating material 13 for consolidation of foundation from falling off are formed, and then frame bodies a, b for a wave dissipation structure are formed. Thereafter, the frame bodies a, b for the wave dissipation structure are arranged in a row on a rubble-mound foundation 12 in the state where the wave dissipating material 15 for inside filling is filled inside, and the lower part including its hangover plates 10... is buried in a consolidation of foundation layer-built body 14 built by way of accumulating the wave dissipating material 13 for consolidation of foundation.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a wave-dissipating structure such as a breakwater, a dike, a quay, or a seawall, a construction method thereof, and a frame body directly used therein.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, wave-dissipating structures used in deep water areas have been constructed by constructing a rubble base 121 on the underwater ground, mounting a concrete caisson 2 on it, and filling it with sandstone or other filling material, as shown in Figure 4. A so-called hybrid structure is constructed by filling the concrete caisson 2 with upper concrete, constructing a wave-dissipating work using a wave-dissipating block 3 on the offshore side of the concrete caisson 2, and a foot protection work using a foot protection block 4 on the land side thereof. It is common to have an embankment.

[Issues that the invention attempts to solve! ! ] In the above, since the rubble base M11 increases in size as the water depth increases, a specific amount of rubble is required and the construction cost increases. In addition, if the concrete caisson 2 is subjected to heavy rain before or during the filling process, it may easily slide or break due to waves, so it may be difficult to complete the filling process. Construction cannot be carried out unless there is a considerable period of calm required for this. In addition, even if the concrete caisson 2 is filled with a specified filling material and once fixed, the coefficient of friction between it and the rubble foundation, wave-dissipating block 3, etc. is small, so it slides relatively easily due to wave force and often causes large waves. It has become a disaster. Furthermore, in general, caisson-type breakwaters completely block the flow of waves, which causes the seawater within the port to stagnate and become dirty easily, which is not desirable from the standpoint of preserving the natural environment. An object of the present invention is to solve these problems. [Means for Solving the Problems] The frame for a wave-dissipating structure of the present invention has wave-dissipating materials 13 for foot protection and filling in the peripheral wall 6 and bottom wall 7 of a vertically long cylinder 5 having an open top 9. In addition, slits 8 and 8' of the required shape and size to prevent the slits 15 from coming off are arranged in a row, and an overhanging board 10 is extended outward from the bottom of the vertically long cylinder 5, and a fire extinguisher for foot protection is provided on the overhanging board 10. A slit 11 of a required shape and size is formed so that the corrugated material 13 does not come out. The wave-dissipating structure of the present invention has a frame for a wave-dissipating structure having the above configuration,
The rubble base is filled with wave-dissipating material 15 for filling inside it! 12, and the lower part of the wave-dissipating structure frame including the overhang plate 10 is covered with wave-dissipating material 1 for foot protection.
3 is buried in a foot hardening laminate 14 formed by depositing 3. The method for constructing the wave-dissipating structure of the present invention is to install a plurality of wave-dissipating structure frames having the above configuration on the rubble foundation 12 built on the underwater ground, and then remove the frames from the slits 8 and 11 on their outer peripheries. By depositing wave dissipating material 13 for foot protection of an appropriate size, a foot protection laminate 14 for burying the lower part of the frame including the overhang plate IO is formed, and the slits 8 and 8 are also formed. The purpose is to fill each frame with a wave-damping material 15 of a size that will not come off from the frame through the upper surface opening 9 of the frame.

[Effect]

According to the present invention, even after the wave-dissipating structure frame has been installed on the rubble foundation and has not yet been filled with wave-dissipating material for filling, waves can penetrate each slit. Since it passes through the structure, there is little chance of large wave forces acting on it that would cause it to slide, and as work progresses in adding wave-dampening materials for foot protection and filling, the stability of the structure will increase and the structure will become more stable. The wave effect also increases. In addition, the lower part of the frame including the overhanging board is buried in a foot protection laminate made of wave-absorbing material for foot protection, and the inside of the frame is filled with wave-absorbing material for filling. While it is firmly fixed at the bottom and acts as a rigid frame structure, the wave-dissipating material used in the filling exhibits extremely high shear resistance, and the external forces such as waves are shared with each other. In particular, the above-mentioned overhanging board has a slit, and the wave-dissipating material for foot protection engages, resulting in a very large Wll resistance. In other words, the weight of the wave-absorbing material in the area directly above the overhanging board and beyond it acts in a manner similar to passive earth pressure.

【Example】

The illustrated embodiment will be described below. Reference characters a and b are frames for the wave-dissipating structure of the present invention, which are rectangular in plane and made of reinforced concrete, and each of the front, rear, left, and right peripheral walls 6 and bottom wall 7 is coated with the wave-dissipating material, that is, stone or concrete. A series of slits 88' of a required shape and size are provided to prevent blocks etc. from slipping out, and the upper opening 9 is left open. Reference numeral 10 denotes an overhanging plate formed integrally extending outward from the bottom of the vertically elongated cylinder 5, and the overhanging plate 10 also has a required shape and size to prevent the wave-absorbing material, i.e., stone or concrete block, etc., from slipping out. slits 11 are arranged in a row. The wave-dissipating structure frames a and b are different in that the overhang plate 10 is formed to extend only in two directions, or whether it is formed to extend not only in the front and back but also in one of the left and right sides. The wave-dissipating structure frame a having the overhang plate 10 extending in two directions is used to constitute the main body of the wave-dissipating structure, and the overhang plate 10 is extended in three directions. The formed wave-dissipating structure frame is used to form the end portion of the wave-dissipating structure. The wave-dissipating structure of the present invention is constructed as follows. A rubble base 112 is built by depositing rubble on the water bottom ground, and a plurality of wave dissipating structure frames a are attached to the rubble base 112, leaving a required gap between adjacent ones as necessary, and dissipating the wave dissipating structure at the aligned ends. Similarly, if necessary, frame frames for wave structures are positioned and installed with a required gap between them, and stones or concrete blocks, etc., of a size that does not come out through the slits 8 and 11 are placed around their outer peripheries. By introducing and depositing the wave-dissipating material 13 for foot protection, approximately one-third from the bottom of the frames a and b including the above-mentioned overhanging plate 10 extending outward from the bottom.
A foot protection laminate 14 is formed to be buried up to a height of . Further, a wave-damping material 15 such as stones or concrete blocks of a size that does not come out of the slits 8 and 8' is charged into each of the frames a and b through the upper opening 9 thereof. In the above, even if a storm occurs after the frames a and b are installed on the rubble foundation 12 but before the wave-absorbing material 13.15 has been put in, the waves will cause damage to each slit.)8. 8
', 11, there is little chance of large wave forces acting on the frames a, b to cause them to slide.
As the input work progresses, the stability of the structure increases and the wave-dissipating effect also increases. In general, when there is a wave-dissipating structure like the hybrid levee shown in Figure 4, the wave force P acting on the levee body is calculated as: p = 1.0 WH (W is the seawater specific gravity)
However, with the above-mentioned embankment body having slits, p#1. Since it is an OWH, there is no need to construct wave dissipating structures, which is advantageous in terms of construction costs. In addition, each of the frames a and b has a foot protection laminate 14 made of a wave-dissipating material 13 for foot protection, with approximately one third from the bottom including the overhanging board 10.
In addition to embedding the wave-dissipating material 15 inside for filling,
is firmly fixed at the bottom thereof, and therefore, while the frames a and b act as a rigid frame structure, the wave-damping material 15 for filling exhibits extremely large shear resistance. They each share external forces such as waves. In particular, the overhanging board 10 has a slit 11 in which the wave-dissipating material 13 for foot protection engages, resulting in a very low resistance. Furthermore, in response to the overturning resistance moment, the weight of the wave-dissipating material 13 in the required range above the overhang plate 10, that is, the range directly above the overhang plate 10 and beyond it, acts in a form similar to passive earth pressure. It turns out.

【Effect of the invention】

As is clear from the above description, the present invention has the following effects. ■ Even after the frame for a wave-dissipating structure has been installed on the rubble foundation and has not yet been filled with wave-dissipating material for filling, waves will pass through each slit. There is little chance of large wave forces acting on the structure that would cause it to slide, and as work progresses in adding wave-absorbing materials for foot protection and filling, the stability of the structure will increase and the wave-dissipating effect will increase. Therefore, the workability is good, and the construction period will not be prolonged due to weather conditions. ■ The above frame is constructed by embedding the lower part including the overhanging board in a foot protection laminate made of wave-absorbing material for foot protection, and filling the inside with wave-absorbing material for filling. The wave-dissipating material used for filling the slits is firmly fixed and acts as a rigid frame structure, while the wave-dissipating material for the filling exhibits a very large shearing resistance, sharing external forces such as waves with each other. When the wave-dissipating material for foot protection is engaged, the frictional resistance becomes extremely large, and in response to the overturning moment of resistance, the overhanging board has the necessary upper area, that is, directly above the overhanging board and the outside thereof. Because the weight of the wave-dissipating material in the area acts like passive earth pressure, extremely reasonable mechanical stability can be obtained with a small-scale rubble foundation and without wave-dissipating structures. Therefore, construction costs can also be reduced. ■ Of course, since it is permeable, it will not impair the water quality in the port. ■ They can be constructed relatively easily even in deep water areas, and can be used to make effective use of coastal areas. The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a hybrid embankment which is a conventionally known wave-dissipating structure. a, b... Frame for wave-dissipating structure, 9...
Opening, 5...vertical cylinder, 6...peripheral wall,
7... Bottom wall, 13°... Wave-dissipating material for foot protection, 15... Wave-dissipating material for filling, 8.8',
11... Slit, 10... Overhanging board, 12... Rubble foundation, 14... Foot protection laminate.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a side view of a frame for a wave-dissipating structure, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wave-dissipating structure, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the main parts of the same. Figure, 4 Figure 1 lol 3 Figure 7 Figure 2 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In addition to arranging slits of a required shape and size to prevent wave-dampening materials for root protection and filling from falling out on the peripheral wall and bottom wall of a vertically elongated cylindrical body with an open top surface, A wave-dissipating wave-dissipating device characterized in that an overhanging plate is extended outward from the bottom of the vertically elongated cylinder, and a slit of a required shape and size is formed in the overhanging plate to prevent the wave-dissipating material for foot protection from slipping out. Frame for structures. 2. A plurality of frames for a wave-dissipating structure according to claim 1 are arranged in a row on a rubble foundation with wave-dissipating material for filling therein filled, and the frame for the wave-dissipating structure A wave-dissipating structure characterized in that a lower part of the body including the overhanging plate is buried in a foot-hardening laminate formed by depositing a wave-dissipating material for foot-hardening. 3. After arranging and installing a plurality of frames for a wave-dissipating structure according to claim 1 on a rubble foundation built on the underwater bed ground, a plurality of frames for wave-dissipating structures according to claim 1 are installed on the outer periphery of the frames through the peripheral wall of the frame and the slit in the overhang plate. By depositing wave-dampening material of appropriate size for foot protection, a foot protection laminate is formed that buries the lower part of each of the frames including the overhanging board, and the slits in the peripheral wall and bottom wall are A method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure, characterized in that a wave-dissipating material of a required shape and size that does not fall out is injected into each of the above-mentioned frames through an opening on the top surface thereof.