JPH03254487A - Disk device control system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To save a moving time of a head to a directory at read write processing by providing a processing end head moving instruction means in a central processing unit and providing a directory storage section and a processing end head movement execution means in a disk controller. CONSTITUTION:When a central processing unit 1 applies read or write processing, a processing end head moving instruction means 5 gives an instruction to a disk controller 2 so as to move a head to a directory when data read or write is finished and to terminate the processing. When a processing end head movement execution means 7a of the disk controller 2 receives an instruction, a directory storage section 6 gives an order to a disk device 3 so as to move the head to the directory stored in advance. The disk device 3 reports it to the disk controller 2 when the movement of the head is finished and the processing is terminated. Thus, the moving time of the head to the directory in the read write processing of the disk device 3 is decreased.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Summary] Regarding a control system for a disk device, the purpose of this invention is to reduce the time required to move a head to a directory area during read/write processing of a disk device. In a processing system comprising a disk device and a disk control device that is connected to the central processing unit via a processor bus and controls reading and writing of the disk device according to instructions from the central processing unit, a disk device is installed in the central processing unit. a head movement instruction means for moving the head of the disk device to a directory area to end the process when a read or write process is executed, and a directory set in advance in the disk control device; a directory area storage unit for storing an area; and at the end of a process, the head of the disk device is controlled to move to the directory area stored in the directory area storage unit when an instruction is received from the head movement instruction means at the end of the process. The apparatus is configured to include head movement execution means.

[Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a control method for a disk device.

In recent years, the capacity of disk devices has increased, and hard disk devices in particular have come to be widely used as file devices.

In a disk drive, a head moves in the diametrical direction to read information stored in any track on the disk and to write information on the track. In the case of a disk device equipped with a plurality of disks, as shown in FIG. 5, heads corresponding to each of the plurality of disk surfaces simultaneously read and write information on tracks at the same position on the plurality of disk surfaces. A cylindrical storage area formed by tracks at the same location on multiple disks is called a cylinder. Although FIG. 5 shows a head installed only on one side of the disk, it is normally installed on both sides.

The number of cylinders in a disk device varies depending on the disk device, but for example, it is several tens of cylinders. Therefore, a directory area that can index the type of data stored in each cylinder is provided in a specific cylinder, so that the central processing unit can read or write data from the disk device. When performing this, it is common to first access the directory area, learn the cylinder position of the data area, and then read or write data.

Therefore, in one read or write process, the head needs to move twice, once to the directory area and from the directory area to the data area, but the head movement time is mechanical. Therefore, the time required is longer than that of electronic processing, which is one reason why the read/write processing in the disk device takes time.

Therefore, there is a need for a control system for disk devices that can reduce head movement time.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the prior art, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the prior art.

Hereinafter, an example in which the central processing unit 21 reads data from the disk device 23 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

Note that A-11, B-11, C-11, etc. are the central processing unit 21. Processing or operation contents in the disk control device 22 and disk device t23, (a) to (n
) is a symbol in FIG. 7 representing control information or data transmitted and received between each device.

When the central processing unit 21 performs disk succession processing, A
The process is divided into the directory successive process A-11 and the data successive process A-12. First, in the directory successive process A-11, the central processing unit 21 sends the read command (a) to the disk controller 22. In response to this, the disk control device 22 enters directory area seek processing for B-11, and transfers the seek order (b) to the disk device 223.
send to

The head of the disk device 23 is stopped at the cylinder position of the data area (hereinafter simply referred to as data area) that was read or written during the previous read or write, but the directory information is not stored due to the seek order in (b). It moves to the cylinder position of the stored area (hereinafter simply referred to as directory area), and when the movement is finished, an interrupt is generated by (C) to report the end of the seek (C-11'
).

Next, the disk control device 22 moves to the directory area read process of B-12, and (d) sends the paste order to the disk device 23. The disk device 23 reads the directory area according to the read order (d) (C-
12) The read directory information is sent to the central processing unit 21 via the redisk control device 22 in (e). After sending the directory information, disk device 2
3 reports the completion of the read order to the disk control device 22 through (f), and the disk control device! 22 interrupts the central processing unit 21 and reports the end of the input/output. The central processing unit 21 receives this and ends the directory continuation processing of A-11.

Next, the central processing unit 21 moves to the data successive processing of A-12, and first specifies the empty data area in the received directory information and sends a read command of color).

The disk control device 22 starts data area seek processing for B-13, and with the seek order of 0), the disk device 2
Move the head No. 3 from the directory area to the specified data area. When the movement is completed, the disk device 23 reports the completion of seek U) to the disk control device 22 (
C-13).

Next, the disk control device 22 enters data area read processing of B-14, causes the disk device 23 to read the data area (C-14) according to the read order of (2), and reads the read data according to (1). Disk control device 2
2 to the central processing unit 21. Next, the disk device f23 is a disk control device! 22, the disk controller 22 issues an interrupt to the central processing unit 21 indicating the end of input/output (n). Upon receiving the input/output end interrupt, the data successive processing of A-12 in the central processing unit 21 is completed.

Although the successive processing has been described above, the write processing is also exactly the same. As is clear from the above, in the prior art, the disk device 23 performs two head movements of C-11 and C-13 in one successive processing or writing process. Since moving the head is an operation of a mechanical part, it takes more time than other processes, resulting in an increase in the overall processing time.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional technology, one read or write process requires the head to move twice: from the previous data area to the directory area, and from the directory area to the data area. It took time.

An object of the present invention is to reduce the time required to move a head to a directory area during read/write processing of a disk device.

[Means for Solving the Problems] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a central processing unit that controls the system, 2 is a disk control device that controls reading and writing of a disk unit 3 according to instructions from the central processing unit 1, 3 is a disk unit, and 4 is the central processing unit. a processor bus for transferring control information and data between the disk controller 2 and the disk controller 2;
5 is provided in the central processing unit l, and the disk device 3
processing end head movement instruction means 6 and 7 for moving the head of the disk device 3 to the directory area and terminating the processing when the read or write processing is executed;
a is provided in the disk control device 2, 6 is a directory area storage unit that stores a preset directory area, and 7a is a directory area storage unit 6 that stores the directory area storage unit 6 when an instruction is received from the head movement instruction means 5 at the end of the processing. This is head movement execution means at the end of processing which controls the movement of the head of the disk device 3 to the directory area where the head is stored.

In addition, in FIG. 2, the same parts as in FIG. directory area receiving and storing means for receiving and storing a directory area specification from the directory area specifying means 8 of the central processing unit 1;
Reference numeral 7b denotes processing end head movement execution means for controlling the movement of the head of the disk device 3 to the directory area stored in the directory area reception storage means 9 when receiving an instruction from the processing end head movement instructing means 5. It is.

[For production]

In FIG. 1, when the central processing unit l performs a read or write process, the head movement instruction means 5 at the end of the process
moves the head to the directory area and finishes processing when reading or writing data is finished.
Instructs the disk controller 2.

Head movement execution means 7 at the end of processing of the disk control device 2
When a receives the instruction, it sends an order to the disk device 3 to move the head to the directory area position previously stored in the directory area storage unit 6 when data reading or writing is completed. When the disk device 3 finishes moving the head, it reports this to the disk controller 2, and the processing of the disk controller 2 ends.

Next, when a new read or write process is started in the central processing unit 1 and a directory information read command is sent from the central processing unit 1, the head of the disk device 3 has already stopped on the directory area. ,
The disk controller 2 immediately begins reading the directory area and sends directory information back to the central processing unit 1. The central processing unit 1 obtains the directory information and sends a command for reading or writing data, and the disk controller 2 controls the disk device 3 to read or write data.

As described above, when the central processing unit 1 performs read or write processing on the disk device 3, the head does not need to move to the directory area, so the time required to read the directory area is shortened, and the overall read or write processing time is reduced. is reduced.

As mentioned above, in Figure 1, the head is moved to a preset directory area each time processing is completed, but Figure 2 shows the principle that allows the directory area to be set freely. ing.

In FIG. 2, the central processing unit 1 performs initial settings when the power is turned on or when the system is restarted, and as part of the initial settings, the directory area specifying means 8 sends the address of the directory area to the redisk control device 2. The address can be manually entered into the central processing unit 1 from the outside at the time of initial setting, stored in advance in the central processing unit 1 using a means that will not disappear when the power is turned off, or stored in a fixed area in the disk device 3. Various methods can be used, such as a method of reading the data at the time of initial setting. The directory area specifying means 8 sends the address to the disk controller 2 using any of the methods described above. In the disk control device 2, the directory area receiving and storing means 9 receives and stores the sent address of the directory area.

In the above state, the central processing unit 1
When performing data read or write processing, as shown in FIG. Instructs the control device 2.

In the disk control device 2, the processing completion head movement execution means 7b receives the instruction, and when data reading or writing is completed, the head is moved to the directory area position stored by the directory area reception storage means 9 at the time of initial setting. An order is sent to the disk device 3 for movement. When the disk device 3 finishes moving the head according to the instruction, it reports this to the disk controller 2, and the processing of the disk controller 2 ends.

Next, when the central processing unit 1 performs a new read or write process, there is no need for the head to move to the directory area, so the overall time for the read or write process is reduced, as in the case of FIG. It is.

In the case of Figure 2, the directory area can be set at the optimal position by taking into consideration the data area usage range or data area usage frequency, so in addition to reducing the time it takes for the head to move to the directory area, It is also possible to reduce the average travel time from area to data area, further shortening the overall processing time.

〔Example〕

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an embodiment of a flowchart according to the configuration of FIG. 1 or 2, and in the figure, A-1, B-1, C-1, etc. are the central processing unit 1. Processing or operation contents in the disk control device 2 and the disk device 3, ① to 0 represent control information or data sent and received between the respective devices, and are shown in the upper part of FIG.

Hereinafter, FIG. 3 will be explained using FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, taking as an example a case where the central processing unit 1 reads specific data from the disk device 3.

When the central processing unit l performs disk succession processing, it performs it separately into directory succession processing and data succession processing.
A-1 in FIG. 3 shows the data successive processing after the completion of the directory successive processing of one process, and the latter half of the disk successive processing before the disk read processing performed by A-2 and A-3. corresponds to The central processing unit 1 sends a restore command to the disk controller 2 after obtaining the directory information through directory successive processing (not shown). This command instructs to return the head of the disk device 3 to the directory area when data reading is finished.

Upon receiving the command, the disk control device 2 enters data area seek processing for B-1 and sends a seek order (2) to the disk device 3. At this time, the head of the disk device 3 has finished the directory area seek processing (not shown), so it is stopped above the directory area.
The head moves to the data area at C-1 according to the seek order (2), and when the movement is finished, the disk controller 2
Interrupt with seek completion report■.

The disk control device 2 then enters data area read processing for B-2 and issues a read order (3).

The data is read here, and the read data is sent to the central processing unit 1 via the disk controller 2 (C
-2). When the disk device 3 finishes sending the read data, it sends a read order completion report to the disk controller 2 by
Then, the disk control device 2 issues an input/output end interrupt (2) to the central processing unit. Upon reception of the input/output end interrupt, the disk successive processing of the central processing unit 1 ends.

When the disk control device 2 finishes sending the data, it starts the head movement process of B-3 in accordance with the post-read restore command in (2), but at this time, in the configuration shown in FIG. In the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the directory area receiving and storing means 9 receives and stores the directory area position information from the central processing unit 1 and sends it to the disk device 3 in the seek order of (2). The disk device 3 moves the head to the specified directory area position in C-3, and when the movement is completed, sends a seek completion report (2) to the disk control device 2. With this, the series of processing by the disk control device 2 is completed, but the seek completion report in (2) is not sent to the central processing unit 1.

Next, when a new continuation process is started, the central processing unit 1 first performs the directory continuation process A-2, and sends a [phase] read command to the disk control device 2. Since the head of the disk device 3 is stopped on the directory area C-3, the disk control device 2 immediately enters the directory area read process of B-4 without performing directory area seek processing and executes the read order of ■. Send to disk device 3. The disk device F3 reads the directory area (C, 4), and sends the directory information to the central processing unit 1 via the disk controller 2 using @. Next, the disk device 3 sends a read order completion report (2) to the disk control device 2, and the disk control device 2, in response to this, issues an input/output completion interrupt of [phase] to the central processing unit 1. With this, the directory successive processing ends.

Next, the central processing unit 1 moves to data succession processing A-3, and the following operations of the central processing unit 1, disk control device 2, and disk device 3 are performed in A-1 to A-3 as is clear from the figure.
Since it is exactly the same as C-3, the explanation will be omitted.

As described above, the A-2 directory successive process does not require directory area seek processing in the disk controller 2 and below, so that the overall processing time of the disk successive process is significantly shortened.

In Fig. 1, the directory area is set at a fixed position, such as cylinder 0'' (usually the outermost edge of the disk) or the cylinder at the center position in the diametrical direction, but if it is set at the cylinder at the center position, the directory area On average, the time it takes to move data from the directory area to the data area can be reduced.In addition, depending on the system, the entire disk may not be used, or there may be a fixed data area that is frequently used, so data can be moved from the directory area to the data area. It is desirable to set the directory area at a position where the average travel time to the area is minimized. Figure 2 makes this possible. By setting the directory area appropriately, the head of C-5 It becomes possible to shorten the travel time compared to FIG.

Note that the above explanation uses successive processing as an example, but
Exactly the same effect can be obtained in write processing.

Next, one embodiment of the configuration of the disk control device 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 4, the same symbols are used for the same parts as in FIGS. Access memory (RAM), 15 is a variable directory area storage section, 16 is a bus control circuit, 17 is a CC interface control section, 18 is DMA (direct memory access)
A control section 19 is an external device control section (SPC), and 20 is an internal bus.

In FIG. 4, control information and data with the central processing unit F (CC) are transmitted from the processor bus 4 to the bus control circuit 16, the CC interface control unit 17, and the internal bus 2.
0 to the CP Ull, and the CPU1l is sent to the RO
The disk device 3 is controlled using the program stored in the M12 and the RAM 14 serving as a work area.

In the case of the principle shown in FIG. 1, the location of the directory area to which the head of the disk device 3 moves when the read/write process is completed is the fixed directory area storage unit 13 in the directory area storage unit 6 in the ROM 12. is fixedly stored in advance. Further, in the case of the principle shown in FIG. 2, the data is sent from the central processing unit f to the disk controller 2 via the processor bus 4 at the time of initial setting, and is stored in the CC interface control 15. The processing procedure for moving the head after reading or writing processing is stored in the ROM 12, but in the case of the principle shown in FIG.
2, the directory area information is read and processed along with the processing procedure, but in the case of the principle of FIG. 2, the directory area information read from the variable directory area storage section 15 of the RAM 14 is inserted into the procedure read from the ROM 12 and processed. do.

Furthermore, by determining the external storage area for the directory information and read data sent from the disk device 3 to the central processing unit 1, it is also possible to shorten the head movement time from the directory area to the data area. This has a great effect on reducing the read/write processing time of the device.

The signal is sent to the processor bus 4.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, these are merely examples, and there are various modifications to the flow of control information and data transmission/reception and the configuration of the disk control device 2. obtain. It is clear that the present invention is also effective against these modifications.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, when the central processing unit performs read or write processing on a disk device,
It is possible to read the directory area without moving the head of the disk device to the directory area, and it is possible to read the directory area without moving the head of the disk device to the directory area.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a diagram explaining the principle of the present invention (1), Fig. 2 is a diagram explanatory of the principle of the present invention (2), Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 4 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the invention. , FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of a disk device, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the constituent countries of the prior art, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the prior art. In the figure, 1----------1--1-- Central processing unit 2--
-Disk control device 23--------
−−−−−・−Disk device 4 −−−−−−−−−−
・−・・・−・・−Processor bus 5−・−・・・・−
−−−−−1・−・− Head movement instruction means directory area storage unit at the end of processing? a, 7b --- Head movement execution means at the end of processing Directory area designation means Directory area reception storage means. Diagram for explaining the principles of the present invention (1) Figure 1 Diagram for explaining the principles of the present invention (2) Figure Central processing unit disk controller disk device (II) Disk successive processing (up to 1 processing) Flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention Figure ( Part 2) Central processing unit disk mounting disk device (1) Front short disk successively (bookside processing second half Flowchart 1 of the embodiment of the present invention) Fig. 3 (Part 1) Fig. Disc device structure explanatory diagram Figure 5: Configuration of the prior art Figure 6: Central processing unit disk 1. Flowchart of the prior art Figure 7: Disk device

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A central processing unit 1 that controls the system, and a disk control unit 2 that is connected to the central processing unit 1 via a processor bus 4 and that controls reading and writing of the disk device 3 according to instructions from the central processing unit 1. In a processing system, when a read or write process is executed on a disk device 3 in the central processing unit 1, the head of the disk device 3 is moved to a directory area and the process is ended. a directory area storage unit 6 comprising an instruction unit 5 and storing a preset directory area in the disk control device 2; and a directory area storage unit 6 that stores a preset directory area in the disk controller 2; A disk device control method characterized by comprising a head movement execution means 7a at the end of processing for controlling movement of the head of the disk device 3 to a directory area stored in a section 6. (2) A central processing unit 1 that controls the system, and a disk control unit 2 that is connected to the central processing unit 1 via a processor bus 4 and that controls reading and writing of the disk device 3 according to instructions from the central processing unit 1. In the processing system, the central processing unit 1 includes: a directory area specifying means 8 for specifying a directory area in the disk device 3 when performing initial settings; and a directory area specifying means 8 for specifying a directory area in the disk device 3 when performing initial settings; , comprising a processing completion head movement instruction means 5 for moving the head of the disk device 3 to a directory area and terminating the processing, and in the disk control device 2, the directory area of the central processing unit 1 at the time of initial setting. a directory area receiving and storing means 9 that receives and stores the designation of a directory area from the specifying means 8; and a directory that is stored in the directory area receiving and storing means 9 when receiving an instruction from the head movement instructing means 5 at the end of processing. A disk device control method characterized by comprising a head movement execution means 7b at the end of processing for controlling movement of the head of the disk device 3 to a region.