JPH03253610A - Execution of buried pile - Google Patents

Execution of buried pile

Info

Publication number
JPH03253610A
JPH03253610A JP4951990A JP4951990A JPH03253610A JP H03253610 A JPH03253610 A JP H03253610A JP 4951990 A JP4951990 A JP 4951990A JP 4951990 A JP4951990 A JP 4951990A JP H03253610 A JPH03253610 A JP H03253610A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
parts
weight
drilling
excavation
pile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP4951990A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ryokichi Sasaki
良吉 佐々木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority to JP4951990A priority Critical patent/JPH03253610A/en
Publication of JPH03253610A publication Critical patent/JPH03253610A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To bury a pile in a specific depth not to be left at a higher level, by using a drilling liquid in which a specified volume of bentonite and carboxymethylcellulose are agitated and mixed in the circulation mud water containing a specified volume of soil particles small than a specified value. CONSTITUTION:5-10 parts of bentonite and 0.1-0.4 parts of carboxymethylcellulose are agitated and mixed with 100 parts of circulation soil water containing 100 parts of water and 15-80 parts of soil particles smaller than 0.074mm to produce a drilling liquid. Ground is excavated to make a drilling hole 6 in which a precast pile 9 is buried while a drilling liquid is ejected from a nozzle equipped at the front bit. In this way, disposal cost of the mud water is reduced, economic merit is increased, operational conditions are improved, discharging work is possible due to the low viscosity on drilling, the ground is fluidized due to high viscosity on burying, and the pile 9 can be easily buried not to be left at a higher level.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、先に地盤を掘削した掘削孔に既製杭を埋設す
る工法に関し、特に地盤が粗い砂や砂礫を含む場合にも
既製杭が高止まりすることがない施工方法に関する。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method of burying ready-made piles in a hole that has previously been excavated in the ground. Concerning a construction method that does not remain at a high level.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来、埋込杭の施工方法で掘削地盤に砂礫層等が存在す
る場合は、スパイラルオーガーで掘削した後、注入ポン
プを使用しながら掘削補助手段として用いる先端ビット
のノズルから清水100重量部に対して8重量部程度の
セメントと5重量部程度のベントナイトと0.04M量
部程度のカルボキシメチルセルローズの混合掘削液を噴
出させて掘削孔を形威し、その後この掘削孔に既製杭を
埋設している。
Conventionally, when using the buried pile construction method, if there is a gravel layer in the excavated ground, after excavating with a spiral auger, 100 parts by weight of fresh water is added from the nozzle of the tip bit used as an excavation aid while using an injection pump. A drilling fluid mixture of about 8 parts by weight of cement, about 5 parts by weight of bentonite, and about 0.04 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose was jetted out to shape the excavated hole, and then ready-made piles were buried in this excavated hole. ing.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problem to be solved by the invention]

しかし、上記の従来技術では、清水に加えるベントナイ
ト・CMC・セメント等の量を多くすると掘削液の粘度
が高くなり過ぎ、ノズルからの吐出が困難になる。それ
故、上記した配合量の混合掘削液を使用する補助掘削を
掘削孔内で5往復以上繰り返しているが、それでも既製
杭が高止まりする場合が多発し、無理に既製杭を押し込
む結果、既製杭が破損する等の問題が生じていた。
However, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, if the amount of bentonite, CMC, cement, etc. added to fresh water is increased, the viscosity of the drilling fluid becomes too high, making it difficult to discharge it from the nozzle. Therefore, although auxiliary excavation using the mixed drilling fluid with the above-mentioned amount was repeated in the borehole more than 5 times, there were still many cases where the ready-made piles remained high, and as a result of forcing the ready-made piles, Problems such as pile damage occurred.

また、従来の混合掘削液は、清水を使用しており、掘削
孔から出てくる泥水は全て廃棄処理しなければならない
。その結果、廃棄処理するための費用を要し、また施工
現場が汚れ易く作業環境も悪くなるという問題点も生じ
ていた。
In addition, conventional mixed drilling fluid uses fresh water, and all muddy water that comes out of the drilling hole must be disposed of. As a result, there have been problems in that disposal costs are required, and the construction site tends to become dirty, resulting in a poor working environment.

本発明は掘削孔から出てくる泥水を利用して、既製杭が
高止まりすることがなく、既製杭を所定の深さに埋設す
ることができる施工方法を提供しようとするものである
The present invention aims to provide a construction method that makes it possible to bury ready-made piles at a predetermined depth by using muddy water coming out of an excavation hole without causing the ready-made piles to remain high.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

本発明は、水100重量部と0.074mm以下の土粒
子を15〜80重量部含有する循環泥水100重量部に
ベントナイト5〜10重量部とカルボキシメチルセルロ
ーズ0.1〜0.4重量部を混合撹拌した掘削液を先端
ビットに設けたノズルより吐き出させながら地盤を撹拌
掘削して掘削孔を設けた後、該掘削孔に既製杭を埋設す
ることを特徴とする埋込杭の施工方法である。
In the present invention, 5 to 10 parts by weight of bentonite and 0.1 to 0.4 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose are added to 100 parts by weight of circulating mud water containing 100 parts by weight of water and 15 to 80 parts by weight of soil particles of 0.074 mm or less. A method for constructing embedded piles, which comprises: agitating and excavating the ground while discharging a mixed and agitated drilling fluid from a nozzle provided on a tip bit to form an excavated hole, and then burying a ready-made pile in the excavated hole. be.

本発明において循環泥水とは、掘削孔から出て来る泥水
のことであり、循環させて使用することとなるので循環
泥水という。また、この循環泥水は泥水であるので、必
ず0.074+m+以下の土粒子と0.074m以上の
土粒子を含むが、本発明では0.074閣以下の土粒子
の含有量を15〜80′M量部とする必要がある。この
含有量が15重量部未満では時間経過後も掘削液の粘度
が適度に上がらず、本発明の所期の目的が達成できなく
、また、80重量部以上では粘度が上がり過ぎノズルか
らの吐出が困難になる。同様に、ベントナイトの含有量
を5重量部以下にしたり、カルボキシメチルセルローズ
を0.1重量部以下にすると掘削液の粘度が適度に上が
らず、本発明の所期の目的が達成できない。逆にベント
ナイトの含有量を10重量部以上にしたり、カルボキシ
メチルセルローズを0.4重量部以上にすると粘度が上
がり過ぎノズルからの吐出が困難になる。
In the present invention, circulating mud water refers to mud water that comes out of an excavation hole, and is called circulating mud water because it is used by circulating it. In addition, since this circulating mud water is muddy water, it always contains soil particles of 0.074+m+ or less and soil particles of 0.074m or more, but in the present invention, the content of soil particles of 0.074+m or less is 15 to 80'. It needs to be M parts. If this content is less than 15 parts by weight, the viscosity of the drilling fluid will not rise appropriately even after time has passed, making it impossible to achieve the intended purpose of the present invention, and if it is more than 80 parts by weight, the viscosity will increase too much and the fluid will not be discharged from the nozzle. becomes difficult. Similarly, if the content of bentonite is less than 5 parts by weight or the content of carboxymethyl cellulose is less than 0.1 part by weight, the viscosity of the drilling fluid will not increase appropriately and the intended purpose of the present invention will not be achieved. On the other hand, if the bentonite content is 10 parts by weight or more, or if the carboxymethyl cellulose content is 0.4 parts by weight or more, the viscosity increases too much and it becomes difficult to discharge from the nozzle.

なお、本発明の特に好ましい施工方法は、地盤の掘削途
中において粗い砂や砂礫を含む掘削地盤になってから本
発明の方法を通用することである。
A particularly preferred construction method of the present invention is to apply the method of the present invention after the excavated ground contains coarse sand or gravel during excavation of the ground.

また、掘削液をノズルから吐き出させながら地盤を掘削
するときの掘削作業時間(掘削開始時間から終了するま
での時間)を掘削液を混合作成してから1バッチ単位で
20分以内に設定することが大事である。なぜなら時間
が経過すると掘削液の粘度が高くなり過ぎノズルからの
吐出が困難になる。逆に杭の埋設開始時間は掘削液の混
合作成してから20分〜30分以降にすることが大事で
ある。もし杭の埋設開始時間を早くして埋設完了時間が
掘削液の混合作成してから20分以内にすると高止まり
の危険が発生するので避けるべきである。
In addition, when excavating the ground while discharging the drilling fluid from the nozzle, the excavation work time (time from the start time to the end of excavation) must be set within 20 minutes for each batch after mixing the drilling fluid. is important. This is because, as time passes, the viscosity of the drilling fluid becomes too high and it becomes difficult to discharge it from the nozzle. Conversely, it is important to start burying the piles 20 to 30 minutes after mixing the drilling fluid. If the pile burying start time is early and the burying completion time is within 20 minutes after mixing the drilling fluid, there is a risk of high stagnation and should be avoided.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

はしめに、循環泥水はマッドスクリーンとサイクロンを
使用して0.074+m++以上の土粒子の量を調節し
て循環泥水とし、ベントナイト(クニゲル工業社製、商
品名;クニゲル■1)、カルボキシメチルセルローズ(
チルナイト社製、水溶性CMCである商品名;テルセロ
ーズTE−DEP)及びセメント(通常のポルトランド
セメント)を用い、A液(○印)として0.074閣以
下の土粒子を25重量部含有する循環泥水100重量部
に、ベントナイト5重量部とカルボキシメチルセルロー
ズ0.3I量部を、B液(◎印)として0.074m1
1+以下の土粒子を25重量部含有する循環泥水100
重量部にベントナイト7重量部とカルボキシメチルセル
ロズ0.2重量部を混合撹拌し、本発明に使用する掘削
液を作威した。
Finally, the circulating mud water is made into circulating mud water by adjusting the amount of soil particles of 0.074+m++ or more using a mud screen and a cyclone, and is made into circulating mud water by using mud screens and cyclones.
Circulation using water-soluble CMC manufactured by Chill Night Co., Ltd. (trade name: Tercerose TE-DEP) and cement (ordinary Portland cement), containing 25 parts by weight of soil particles of 0.074 K or less as liquid A (marked with ○). Add 5 parts by weight of bentonite and 0.3 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose to 100 parts by weight of muddy water, and add 0.074 m1 as liquid B (marked with ◎).
Circulating mud water 100 containing 25 parts by weight of soil particles of 1+ or less
7 parts by weight of bentonite and 0.2 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose were mixed and stirred to prepare a drilling fluid for use in the present invention.

また、C液(△印)として0.074a以下の土粒子を
25重量%含有する循環泥水1003I量部に、ベント
ナイト11重量部及びカルボキシメチルセルローズ0.
6重量部を、D液(ム印)として0.074mm以下の
土粒子を10重量部含有する循環泥水100重量部に、
ベントナイト4重量部を混合撹拌して掘削液を作威し、
E液(×印)として清水100重量部にセメント8重量
部、ベントナイト5重量部およびカルボキシメチルセル
ローズ0.04重量部を混合撹拌して作成した。
In addition, as liquid C (△ mark), 1003 parts of circulating mud water containing 25% by weight of soil particles of 0.074a or less, 11 parts by weight of bentonite and 0.0 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose.
6 parts by weight of liquid D (Mu mark) to 100 parts by weight of circulating muddy water containing 10 parts by weight of soil particles of 0.074 mm or less,
Mix and stir 4 parts by weight of bentonite to create a drilling fluid,
Liquid E (x mark) was prepared by mixing and stirring 8 parts by weight of cement, 5 parts by weight of bentonite, and 0.04 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose in 100 parts by weight of fresh water.

この5種類の掘削液の時間経過における粘度変化を第1
図に示す。第1図から分かるように、掘削液A液(○印
)とB液(◎印)は混合作成終了から20分まではファ
ンネル粘性が100秒以下で、ノズルからの吐出が可能
な粘度であり、30分以降はファンネル粘性が200秒
以上で、粗砂や砂礫の粒子を浮かすことができる粘度で
ある。
The viscosity changes over time of these five types of drilling fluids are
As shown in the figure. As can be seen from Figure 1, the funnel viscosity of drilling fluid A (marked with ○) and fluid B (marked with ◎) is 100 seconds or less until 20 minutes after the completion of mixing, and the viscosity is such that it can be discharged from the nozzle. After 30 minutes, the funnel viscosity is 200 seconds or more, which is a viscosity that can float particles of coarse sand and gravel.

しかしベントナイトやカルボキシメチルセルローズが多
すぎるC液(△印)では混合作成終了直後からファンネ
ル粘性が200秒以上で、ノズルからの吐出が不可能な
粘度である。また、カルボキシメチルセルローズを含ま
ないD液(ム印)とE液(×印)はノズルからの吐出が
可能な粘度であるが、ファンネル粘性が100秒以下で
あり、粗砂や砂礫の粒子を浮かすことが出来ない粘度で
ある。
However, in the case of liquid C (marked with △) which contains too much bentonite or carboxymethyl cellulose, the funnel viscosity is 200 seconds or more immediately after the completion of mixing, which is a viscosity that makes it impossible to discharge from the nozzle. In addition, liquid D (marked with a square) and liquid E (marked with an x), which do not contain carboxymethyl cellulose, have a viscosity that allows them to be discharged from a nozzle, but their funnel viscosity is 100 seconds or less, and they do not contain particles of coarse sand or gravel. The viscosity is such that it cannot be floated.

この中のA液(○印)とB液(◎印)を第2図に示す土
質柱状図の地盤、即ち、粗砂が存在する第二掘削層(C
; L−11,8mからG L−12,8mまで)にB
液(◎印)を、そして砂礫が存在するGL−14,8m
に最終深度を設定して第三掘削層(GL12.8mから
G L−14,8mまで)とし、核層にはA液(○印)
を用いた。尚、粘土が存在する第−掘削層(GL±Om
からG L−11,8mまで)は循環泥水のみを用いた
Among these, liquid A (marked with ○) and liquid B (marked with ◎) are applied to the ground of the soil column diagram shown in Figure 2, that is, the second excavation layer (C) where coarse sand exists.
; L-11,8m to G L-12,8m) to B
GL-14,8m where there is liquid (marked with ◎) and sand and gravel.
The final depth was set as the third excavation layer (from GL12.8m to GL-14.8m), and liquid A (marked with ○) was added to the core layer.
was used. In addition, the first excavation layer (GL±Om) where clay exists
to GL-11,8m), only circulating mud water was used.

掘削に用いた先端ビット1は第3図及び第4図に示すよ
うに、撹拌羽根4とともに25動の低圧ノズル2と4m
の高圧ノズル3が設けてあり、低圧ポンプと高圧ポンプ
にてそれぞれのノズルより掘削液を吐き出すものである
。そして、掘削は、該先端ビット1を用い、第−掘削層
は循環泥水を低圧ノズル2より1507!/分、高圧ノ
ズル3より501/分吐出させながら、回転数4Orp
m、掘進速度を2m/分に設定して掘進した。尚、掘進
中に掘削孔内6より湧出する泥水7は泥水ポンプ5にて
マッドスクリーンとサイクロンに送り循環泥水として利
用した。
As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the tip bit 1 used for excavation has a stirring blade 4 and a 25-motion low-pressure nozzle 2 and a 4 m
A high-pressure nozzle 3 is provided, and drilling fluid is discharged from each nozzle using a low-pressure pump and a high-pressure pump. Then, the tip bit 1 is used for excavation, and the circulating mud is pumped through the low-pressure nozzle 2 to the first excavation layer. /min, while discharging 501/min from high pressure nozzle 3, rotation speed 4 Orp.
m, and the excavation speed was set to 2 m/min. Note that muddy water 7 gushing out from inside the borehole 6 during excavation was sent to a mud screen and a cyclone by a muddy water pump 5 and used as circulating muddy water.

第二掘削層はB液(◎印)を低圧ノズル2より1801
/分、高圧ノズル3より801!/分吐出させながら、
回転数を30rpH、掘進速度を1m/分に設定して掘
進した。尚、ここで用いたA液(○印)は掘削液を混合
作成してから5分以内に使用した。
In the second excavation layer, liquid B (marked with ◎) is supplied from low pressure nozzle 2 at 1801
/min, 801 from high pressure nozzle 3! / minute while dispensing
The excavation was carried out with the rotational speed set to 30 rpm and the excavation speed set to 1 m/min. Note that the liquid A (marked with ◯) used here was used within 5 minutes after mixing and preparing the drilling fluid.

第三掘削層はA液(○印)を低圧ノズル2より1807
!/分、高圧ノズル3より801/分吐出させながら、
回転数を3Orpm、掘進速度を0.5m/分に設定し
て掘進した。その直後上昇速度2m/分にてG L −
12,8mまで上昇し、再度、第三掘削層を同条件で掘
削を行い掘削を終了した。尚、ここで用いたA液(○印
)の掘削液もバッチ数を増やすことによって混合作成し
てから5分以内に使用した。
For the third excavation layer, liquid A (marked with ○) was applied from low pressure nozzle 2 at 1807
! /min, while discharging 801/min from high pressure nozzle 3,
The excavation was carried out with the rotation speed set to 3 Orpm and the excavation speed set to 0.5 m/min. Immediately after that, G L − at a rising speed of 2 m/min.
After rising to 12.8 m, the third excavation layer was excavated again under the same conditions, and the excavation was completed. Incidentally, the drilling liquid A liquid (marked with ◯) used here was also used within 5 minutes after being mixed and prepared by increasing the number of batches.

終了後は回転数を3Orpmに設定して掘削ロッド8と
先端ビット1を回収した。尚、掘進中の状態を第5図に
示した。
After finishing, the rotation speed was set to 3 rpm and the drilling rod 8 and tip bit 1 were collected. The condition during excavation is shown in Figure 5.

その後、外径350mm、長さ3mのコンクリート既製
杭9を用い随時接続しながら埋設を開始した。埋設中の
状態を第6図に示す。尚、第二掘削層への埋設開始時間
は最終掘削液を混合作成してから20分経過した後であ
った。また埋設中に既製杭9に与えた押し込み力は3を
以下であり、無理なく所定の深さ(G L−14,8m
)まで高止まりすることなく埋設することができた。
Thereafter, burying was started using ready-made concrete piles 9 with an outer diameter of 350 mm and a length of 3 m, connecting them as needed. Figure 6 shows the state during burial. The burial in the second excavation layer was started 20 minutes after the final drilling fluid was mixed and prepared. In addition, the pushing force applied to the ready-made pile 9 during burying was less than 3, and it was possible to reach the specified depth (G L-14, 8 m) without difficulty.
) without remaining too high.

この結果は、第二掘削層のB液(◎印)と第三掘削層の
A液(O印)が粗砂や砂礫の粒子を浮かし、流動化させ
て既製杭9が入りやすいような地盤に威しえたからであ
る。
This result shows that liquid B (marked with ◎) in the second excavation layer and liquid A (marked with O) in the third excavation layer float particles of coarse sand and gravel, fluidize them, and create a ground in which ready-made piles 9 can easily be inserted. This is because it was able to intimidate the people.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明は循環泥水を利用するので泥水の廃棄処理費が軽
減され、経済性が向上し、同時に施工現場の汚れも少な
くなり作業環境が良くなる。
Since the present invention utilizes circulating mud water, the cost of disposing of mud water is reduced, economical efficiency is improved, and at the same time, there is less dirt on the construction site, resulting in a better working environment.

また、掘削液の粘度の経時変化の利用、即ち掘削時の低
粘度によりノズルからの吐出を可能にするとともに既製
杭埋設時の高粘度により地盤が流動化し、その結果高止
まりすることなく容易に既製杭を所定の深さに埋設する
ことができる。
In addition, the use of changes in the viscosity of the drilling fluid over time, that is, the low viscosity during excavation makes it possible to discharge from the nozzle, and the high viscosity when burying ready-made piles makes the ground fluid, and as a result, it can be easily discharged without remaining at a high level. Ready-made piles can be buried at a predetermined depth.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は5種類の掘削液の作成後からの時間経過におけ
る粘度変化を示すグラフ、第2図は本発明を実施した現
場の地盤の土質柱状図、第3図は、掘削時に用いた先端
ビットの正面図、第4図は第3図に示す先端ビットの縦
断面図である。第5図は本発明を実施している掘進中の
状態を示す断面図、第6図は既製杭を埋設する状態を示
す断面図である。 1−・−先端ビット 低圧ノズル 高圧ノズル ・・・撹拌羽根 −泥水ポンプ ・・・掘削孔 ・−泥水 一・掘削ロッド ・・・・既製杭
Figure 1 is a graph showing changes in viscosity over time after the preparation of five types of drilling fluids, Figure 2 is a soil column diagram of the ground at the site where the present invention was implemented, and Figure 3 is the tip used during excavation. 4 is a front view of the bit, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tip bit shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a state in which the present invention is being excavated, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a state in which ready-made piles are being buried. 1 - Tip bit Low pressure nozzle High pressure nozzle... Stirring blade - Mud water pump... Drilling hole - Mud water 1 - Drilling rod... Ready-made pile

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1、水100重量部と0.074mm以下の土粒子を1
5〜80重量部含有する循環泥水100重量部に、ベン
トナイト5〜10重量部とカルボキシメチルセルローズ
0.1〜0.4重量部を混合撹拌した掘削液を先端ビッ
トに設けたノズルより吐き出させながら地盤を撹拌掘削
して掘削孔を設けた後、該掘削孔に既製杭を埋設するこ
とを特徴とする埋込杭の施工方法。
1. 100 parts by weight of water and 1 part of soil particles of 0.074 mm or less
Drilling fluid prepared by mixing and stirring 5 to 10 parts by weight of bentonite and 0.1 to 0.4 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose to 100 parts by weight of circulating mud water containing 5 to 80 parts by weight is discharged from a nozzle provided at the tip of the bit. 1. A method for constructing an embedded pile, which comprises: agitating and excavating the ground to form a borehole; and then burying a ready-made pile in the borehole.
JP4951990A 1990-03-02 1990-03-02 Execution of buried pile Pending JPH03253610A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4951990A JPH03253610A (en) 1990-03-02 1990-03-02 Execution of buried pile

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4951990A JPH03253610A (en) 1990-03-02 1990-03-02 Execution of buried pile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03253610A true JPH03253610A (en) 1991-11-12

Family

ID=12833387

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4951990A Pending JPH03253610A (en) 1990-03-02 1990-03-02 Execution of buried pile

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH03253610A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019210721A (en) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-12 花王株式会社 Excavation method and excavation stabilizing liquid

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019210721A (en) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-12 花王株式会社 Excavation method and excavation stabilizing liquid

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