JPH0324944B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a roof structure in which a ventilation passage is provided in the attic of a building to promote ventilation, and in particular to a roof structure suitable for melting snow accumulated on the roof. It concerns the roof structure.

[Conventional technology]

To explain the conventional roof structure of this type of building using a snow melting device as an example, the snow melting device for the roof generally consists of, for example, a pipe running around the roof, and hot water heated from a heat source being pumped into the pipe. There is a method of heating a pipe and using the heated pipe to melt snow that has accumulated on the roof.
When not in use, the water in the pipes may freeze and become unusable, and there is also a risk that the pipes that circulate hot water may be damaged when they freeze.

In addition, with this point in mind, methods are being considered such as creating a space in an attic or the like and blowing warm air into that space.

As an example of the roof structure, for example,
- As shown in Publication No. 31216, the ridge timbers and the main building materials are strung and fixed by combining gassho timbers on the land beam, and the roof timbers are fixed to the ridge timbers and the main building timbers to construct the roof. A roof made of field boards or the like is laid on the top surface, and the upper surface of this roof surface is covered with a covering layer such as a roof exterior material such as a galvanized iron board through a gap, and hot air or steam is sent into this gap to form a covering layer. It is known that the snow on the covering layer is melted by heating the snow. In this case, the distance between the roof surface and the covering layer body is relatively narrow, and as a result, the volume of the hot air passage due to the gap between the roof surface and the covering layer body tends to be narrow. Hot air is supplied to the eaves, and the heated hot air tends to cool down from the eaves to the top of the roof surface, reducing its snow melting effect.

In addition, as a means to solve this problem, a bridge material or the like is interposed between the sheathing board and the roof exterior material to form a first gap, and a partition plate made of heat insulating material is placed on the back side of the shedding board. a second gap portion is formed between the partition plate and the roofing board, and the first
It is conceivable that a ventilation path is formed by the gap portion and the second gap portion. In this case, there is an advantage that the warm air from the heat source is distributed from the eaves to the top of the roof surface with relatively no temperature difference due to the second gap portion of the ventilation path.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

On the other hand, in the snow melting structure, in order to connect the first gap portion and the second gap portion to form an entire ventilation path, the field boards laid on the upper side of the tarp trees are spaced appropriately. Arrange and fix it on the tar tree,
The structure is such that the warm air blown into the second gap from the gap between the roofing boards is guided into the first gap.

Therefore, warm air flows from the second gap to the first gap through the gaps between the sheathing boards and warms the tiles, iron plates, etc. that are the roof exterior materials. Warm air flowing in from the roof directly hits the roof exterior material located directly above the gap, which tends to partially warm the roof exterior material, and the air flow of warm air blocked by the roof exterior material causes eddies to occur. As a result, the flow of warm air in the first gap becomes poor and stagnates. There are also surfaces where moisture stagnates behind the roof and condensation is likely to occur.

This invention was devised in view of the above circumstances.

[Means for solving problems]

This invention provides a roof structure for a building in which a shedding board is laid on top of the tarp wood constituting a part of the roof frame, and a roof sheathing material is installed on the upper side of the shedding board. The shedding boards are laid at appropriate intervals, and bridge members are interposed at appropriate intervals between the shedding boards and the roof exterior material to create a first air gap between the roof exterior material and the roof exterior material. A ventilation section is provided, and a partition plate is arranged on the underside of the tar tree to separate it from the back side of the attic, and a second space ventilation section is provided between the shedding board and the partition plate, and the shedding board is provided with a partition plate in the direction of the slope of the roof. The first space ventilation part and the second space ventilation part include a gap part provided by the slope part formed by cutting out the roofing board and forming a slope part cut out diagonally on the facing side. A communication section is provided to bridge the space, a ventilation path is formed by the first space ventilation section and the second space ventilation section, and an air introduction section and an air discharge section are provided at appropriate locations in this ventilation path. It is in.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 to 4 show a roof structure of a building showing an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, building A
A bundle or the like is erected on the roof beam 1 provided on the upper part of the frame material, and the ridge timber 2 and the main building material 3 are bridged and fixed, and the tall wood 4 is fixed to the ridge timber 2 and the main building material 3, and the roof is assembled. A field board 5 is nailed to the top of this tarp tree 4 to fix it. In this case, the field boards 5 are laid on top of the tarp trees 4 at appropriate intervals.

In addition, the roofing board 5 and an iron plate that is a roofing material,
A first space ventilation part 8 is provided between the roof exterior material 6 and the shedding board 5 with a bridge material 7 interposed between the roof exterior material 6 such as a tile.

In this embodiment, the bridge members 7 are formed of elongated square members, and the bridge members 7 are spaced at appropriate intervals from the eaves 9 of the roof toward the roof top 10 so as to be substantially orthogonal to the sheathing board 5. It is fixed by nailing it to the base plate 5.

Further, a partition plate 12 made of, for example, a heat insulating material is provided below the barrel wood 4 to separate it from the attic 11 side, and a second space ventilation section 13 is provided between the partition plate 12 and the roof board 5. It is set up.

Further, the shedding board 5 is cut out diagonally from the eaves 9 of the roof to the slope direction of the roof surface top 10 to form a slope part 14.
the first part including the gap provided by the
A communication part 15 is provided to bridge the space ventilation part 8 and the second space ventilation part 13, and each space ventilation part 8, 1
3 and the communication portion 15 form an overall ventilation path 16, and an air introduction portion 17 and an air discharge portion 18 are provided at appropriate locations in this ventilation path 16.

Therefore, this embodiment is equipped with a heating device for forcibly sending heated warm air into the air passage 16, and this heating device has a heat source 19 such as a stove or a boiler located inside the building A, and Warm air from the heat source 19 is introduced into a space 20 between the outer wall and the inner wall of the building A, and the heated warm air is supplied from this space 20 to the air introduction part 17 of the ventilation path 16 provided in the eaves part 9. In some cases, it may be connected to the air introduction part 17 by an air introduction pipe 20A installed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the building A.

Also, although not shown, by connecting the air intake duct 21 provided in the upper part of the room and the air introduction part 17 of the ventilation path 16 using the residual heat warmed by the heating equipment in each room, the room It is also possible to introduce warm air inside into the ventilation path 16.

Further, in this embodiment, a roof ridge portion 22 is provided so as to surround the air exhaust portion 18 of the ventilation passage 16 provided at the top portion 10 of the roof surface, and an exhaust port 23 is provided in the roof ridge portion 22.
At the same time, an exhaust pipe 24 (not shown) for forcibly exhausting air connected to an exhaust fan is installed inside the roof ridge 22, and this exhaust pipe 24
Air is sucked in through small holes drilled in the roof and forcibly discharged by the exhaust fan, thereby promoting the flow of air within the ventilation passage 16 provided in the roof.

The operation of the above configuration will be explained. The warm air introduced from the air introduction part 17 of the ventilation path 16 flows into the eaves part 9 within the relatively wide second space ventilation part 13.
The water flows smoothly from the top to the top 10 of the roof surface. At this time, a slope portion 14 is formed on the shedding board 5, which is cut out diagonally from the eaves 9 of the roof to the slope direction of the roof surface top 10, and the slope portion 1 of the shedding board 5 is
By providing a communication portion 15 that bridges the first space ventilation portion 8 and the second air ventilation portion 13 by including the gap portion provided by 4, air flows into the second space ventilation portion 13. The warm air passes through the communication part 15 and flows into the first space ventilation part 8 almost along the flow, and as a result, the flow of warm air in the first space ventilation part 8 is compared to the conventional structure. This makes it possible to heat the entire roof exterior material 6 on average compared to the conventional method, and as a result, the effect of melting snow accumulated on the roof exterior material 6 can be enhanced. There are advantages.

Furthermore, since it is possible to improve the flow of air within the ventilation path 16 consisting of the respective space ventilation sections 8 and 13 and the communication section 15, there is also the effect that the occurrence of dew condensation can be reduced compared to the conventional method. .

Furthermore, in this embodiment, as clearly shown in FIG.
By installing an air guide member 25 on the lower side to make it easier to take in air toward the communication part 15, the air flowing into the second air ventilation part 13 is transferred to the communication part 15 by the air guide member 25. It becomes possible to forcibly feed air into the first space ventilation section 8 while changing the flow of air.

Furthermore, since it is sufficient to form the bridge material 7 for providing the first space ventilation section 8 from a long square material and fix it by nailing it to the roofing board 5, the construction is extremely simple.

Figures 5 and 6 show other examples of the bridge material of the present invention, and to simplify the explanation, parts having the same functions as those in Figures 1 to 4 described above are designated by the same reference numerals. do. Here, shedding boards 5 are laid and fixed at appropriate intervals on top of the tarp wood 4, and a bridge material 7 is interposed between the shedding boards 5 and the roof exterior material 6, and the roof exterior material 6 and the roof exterior material 6 are connected to each other. A first space ventilation section 8 is provided between the base plate 5 and the base plate 5. In this case, a recess 7A is provided at a suitable position on the upper surface of the bridge member 7, and a protruding portion 7B of the bridge member 7 other than the recess 7A is provided so as to be in contact with the roof exterior material 6 side.

Therefore, the roof exterior material 6 is
Since a gap exists between the first space ventilation section 8 and the first space ventilation section 8, it is possible to increase the number of locations through which air flows through the first space ventilation section 8, thereby increasing ventilation.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show still other examples of different bridge materials of the present invention. In FIG. 7, a recess 7A is provided at a suitable position on the upper surface of the bridge 7, and the bridge materials other than this recess 7A are The shape of the protruding portion 7B of the piece 7 is protruded into a substantially rhombic shape, and in FIG.
The shape of the protruding portion 7B other than the recessed portion 7A is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. Therefore, the concave portion 7A provided in the bridge member 7 makes it possible to increase the flow of air in the flow path portion that becomes the first space ventilation portion 8. Note that, although not shown, in order to provide the first space ventilation section 8, a relatively short bridge member 7 may be nailed to a proper position on the upper side of the roof board 5 and fixed.

FIG. 9 shows another example of the slope part provided on the roof board of the present invention, and here, the slope part 1 of the field board 5 is shown.
4 is provided on the lower surface portion of the roof surface top portion 10 side by cutting out the lower surface portion along the slope direction of the roof surface top portion 10 from the eave edge portion 9 of the roof, and forming the lower surface portion on the slope portion 14 of the shedding board 5. A communication part 15 is provided that bridges the first space ventilation part 8 and the second space ventilation part 13 including the gap part provided in this way, and Together, they form an overall ventilation path 16. In this case, an air guide member 25 for taking in air is fixed to the lower surface of the roof board 5 located in the second space ventilation part 13 on the side of the eaves part 9 toward the communication part 15, and this air guide member 25 and By combining the structure with the slope portion 14 provided on the shedding board 5, it becomes possible to make the air flow even more effective.

FIG. 10 shows still another example of the slope portion provided on the shedding board of the present invention. Here, the slope portion 14 of the shedding board 5 is divided into an upper surface portion on the side of the eaves 9 and a lower surface portion on the side of the roof top 10. The upper surface part and the lower surface part of the sheathing board 5 are cut out along the slope direction from the eaves part 9 of the roof to the roof surface top part 10 so that the slopes of each of the shedding boards 5 are formed. A communication part 15 is provided which bridges the first space ventilation part 8 and the second space ventilation part 13 including the gap part provided by the part 14, and each space ventilation passage 8,1
3 and the communication portion 15 form an entire ventilation path 16. Although the spacing between the roofing boards 5 can be determined in each embodiment, the spacing between the roofing boards 5 is determined depending on the case where they are laid on the tarp trees 4 at almost equal intervals, and the case where they are laid on the tarp wood 4, taking into consideration the air flow and the shape, size, and slope of the roof. In some cases, the spacing is determined as appropriate and laid on the tarp tree 4, and the setting can be made according to the situation. Therefore, the air flow from the second space ventilation section 13 is guided by the communication section 15 provided in a direction substantially along the flow, and smoothly flows into the first space ventilation section 13. It is possible to improve the flow of warm air from the eave part 9 side of the roof exterior material 6 disposed above the first space ventilation part 13 toward the roof surface top part 10 compared to the conventional case. It becomes possible to warm the exterior material 6 as a whole, and there is an advantage that the effect of melting snow accumulated on the roof exterior material 6 can be enhanced.

FIGS. 11 to 13 show different examples of air guide members provided in the ventilation passage of the present invention, and in FIG. An air guide member 25 for taking in air toward the communication part 15 is provided, and the air guide member 25 is fixed to the oak tree 4.

In this case, the length of the air guide member 25 is set to match the spacing between the barrels 4, and both ends of the air guide member 25 are fixed with nails or the like, or by cutting into the barrels 4. A groove may be provided and the air guide member 25 may be fitted into the cut groove, or the air guide member 25 may be nailed and fixed after being fitted, and the fixing means may be selected as appropriate depending on the conditions of use. . Also the first
In FIG. 2, an air guide member 25 for taking in air toward the communication part 15 is provided below the sheath board 5 located in the second space ventilation section 13, and this air guide member 25 is connected to the sheath board 5. It is fixed at the bottom. In this embodiment, the air guide member 25 is formed of a plate material, and is fixed to the lower side of the sheathing board 5 by nailing or gluing the air guiding member 25 almost in line with the slope portion 14 provided on the shedding board 5. are doing.

In addition, in FIG. 13, an air guide member 25 made of a material such as a metal plate or relatively thick felt is fixed to the lower side of the roof board 5 located in the second space ventilation section 13, and the air guide member 25 made of a material such as a metal plate or relatively thick felt is fixed to the As shown in FIG. 13, the air guide member 25 may be disposed with a gap between the lower end and the partition plate 12, or the lower end of the air guide member 25 may be inserted into the partition plate 12 as shown on the left side of FIG. In some cases, the air guiding member 25 is provided with an opening 25A at an appropriate position. At this time, the second
A part of the air flowing into the space ventilation part 13 hits the air guide member 25 and is guided toward the communication part 15, and the other air flows between the partition plate 12 and the lower end of the air guide member 25 or The air guide member 25 passes through the opening 25A provided in the guide member 25 and advances toward the roof top 10 through the second air ventilation section 13, and as a result, the air guide member 25 causes the air guide member 25 to open the second space ventilation section. 13 to the communication portion 15 while promoting air flow to the first space ventilation portion 8,
Roof exterior material 6 due to the flow of warm air
is heated well.

In addition, in the summer, it is possible to guide cold air from under the floor to the ceiling using the structure of each of the above-mentioned embodiments.
It is also possible to release hot air outside.

Further, in the above-described embodiments, a gable roof shape was used as an example, but roof shapes such as a hipped roof, a hipped roof, a single slope roof, or a combination thereof can also be applied.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In this invention, a first space ventilation section is provided between the roof exterior material and the roof board, a second space ventilation section is provided between the roof board and the back side of the roof by a partition plate, and the space ventilation section is provided between the roof exterior material and the roof board. A slope section cut out diagonally in the direction of the slope of the roof is provided on the base plate, and the first space ventilation section and the second space ventilation section are bridged by including the gap provided by the slope section. The first space ventilation part, the second space ventilation part, and the communication part form a ventilation passage, and an air introduction part and an air discharge part are provided at appropriate locations in this ventilation passage. As a result of this technical measure, the warm air that has flowed into the second space ventilation section passes through the communication section almost along the flow and flows into the first space ventilation section, thereby causing the inside of the first space ventilation section to flow. This makes it possible to improve the flow of warm air compared to conventional structures, making it possible to heat the entire roof exterior material evenly compared to conventional structures, and as a result, the snow that accumulates on the roof exterior material is reduced. This has the advantage of increasing the snow melting effect.

Further, a communication part is provided that bridges the first space ventilation part and the second space ventilation part, including the gap provided by the slope part of the roof board, and the communication part is connected to the first space ventilation part and the second space ventilation part. Since it is possible to improve the flow of air within the ventilation passage, there is also the effect that the occurrence of dew condensation can be reduced compared to the conventional structure.

Furthermore, by installing an air guide member for taking in air toward the communication part under the roof board located in the second space ventilation part, the air guide member directs the air that has flowed into the second space ventilation part. This makes it possible to forcibly feed air into the first space ventilation section while changing the flow of air through the communication section, which also has the effect of enhancing the snow melting effect described above.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall view showing an example of the snow melting roof structure of a building according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the main part of the roof structure shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a part showing the main part of Fig. 2. A perspective view, FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3, and FIGS. 5 and 6 show other examples of bridge materials of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a partial perspective view showing the main parts of the roof structure;
Fig. 6 is a plan view of Fig. 5, Figs. 7 and 8 show still other examples of different bridge members of the present invention, and Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the main parts of the roof structure. , FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the main part of the roof structure, FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the main part showing another example of the slope part provided on the roof board of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the main part of the roof structure of the present invention. FIGS. 11 to 13 are cross-sectional views of essential parts showing still other examples of sloped portions provided on the base plate, and FIGS. A is a sectional view of the main part showing the air guide member, FIG. 11B is a perspective view of the main part showing the attached state of the air guide member in FIG. 11A,
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of another example of the air guide member, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of still another example of the air guide member. Hut beams...1, ridge timbers...2, main building materials...3,
Tal wood...4, Roofing board...5, Roof exterior material...
6, Bridge material...7, First space ventilation part...8, Eave area...9, Roof top...10, Attic...1
1. Partition plate...12. Second space ventilation section...1
3. Slope section...14, Communication section...15, Ventilation path...
...16, Air introduction part...17, Air discharge part...1
8, Heat source...19, Space part...20, Air introduction pipe...20A, Air intake duct...21, Roof ridge...22, Exhaust port...23, Exhaust pipe...
24. Air guide member...25.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a roof structure of a building in which a shedding board is laid on top of a tarp tree constituting a part of a roof frame, and a roof exterior material is installed on the upper side of the shedding board, the said tarp The shedding boards are laid on the top of the tree at appropriate intervals, and bridge materials are interposed at appropriate intervals between the shedding boards and the roof exterior material to create a space between the roof exterior material and the sheathing board. A second space ventilation section is provided between the shedding board and the partition plate by disposing a partition plate on the underside of the tar tree to separate it from the back side of the roof, and a second space ventilation part is provided between the shedding board and the partition board, A slope section cut out diagonally in the direction of the gradient is formed, and the first space ventilation section and the second space are connected to each other, including a gap section provided by the slope section formed by cutting out the shedding board. A communication section that bridges the ventilation section is provided, a ventilation path is formed by the first space ventilation section, the second space ventilation section, and the communication section, and an air introduction section and an air introduction section are provided at appropriate locations of this ventilation path. A snow melting roof structure for a building, characterized in that it is provided with a discharge section. 2. The snow-melting roof structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein the bridge members are installed almost perpendicularly to the sheathing board from the eaves of the roof to the top of the roof surface. 3. Claim 2, characterized in that a concave portion is provided at a proper location on the upper surface of the bridge member, and the protruding portion side of the bridge member other than the recess is provided so as to be in contact with the roof exterior material.
Snow melting roof structure of the building mentioned in section. 4. The snow-melting roof structure for a building according to claim 3, characterized in that a recess is provided at an appropriate position on the upper surface of the bridge member, and the shape of the protruding portion of the bridge member other than the recess is approximately rhombic. 5. The snow-melting roof structure for a building according to claim 3, wherein a recess is provided at a proper position on the upper surface of the bridge member, and the shape of the protrusion other than the recess is approximately cylindrical. 6. A snow-melting roof for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the slope part of the roof board is formed on the upper surface part of the eaves side at an angle toward the slope direction of the roof. structure. 7. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the slope part of the roof board is formed on the lower surface part of the top side of the roof surface so as to face in the slope direction of the roof. Snow melting roof structure. 8. Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the slope portions of the field boards are formed on the upper surface portion on the eaves side and the lower surface portion on the roof top side, respectively, so as to face in the slope direction of the roof. A snow-melting roof structure for a building listed in any of the above. 9. Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an air guide member for taking in air toward the communication section is provided below the roof board located in the second space ventilation section. Snow melting roof structure of any of the buildings listed in any of the above. 10 A patent claim characterized in that an air guide member for taking in air with the communicating part is provided on the underside of the roof board located in the second space ventilation part, and this air guide member is fixed to a oak tree. A snow-melting roof structure for a building according to any one of items 1 to 9. 11 A feature is that an air guide member for taking in air toward the communication part is provided on the underside of the roof board located in the second space ventilation part, and this air guide member is fixed to the underside of the roof board. A snow-melting roof structure for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 9.