JPH03247222A - Method for forming abalone pearl and nucleus inserting tool used therefor - Google Patents
Method for forming abalone pearl and nucleus inserting tool used thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03247222A JPH03247222A JP2042684A JP4268490A JPH03247222A JP H03247222 A JPH03247222 A JP H03247222A JP 2042684 A JP2042684 A JP 2042684A JP 4268490 A JP4268490 A JP 4268490A JP H03247222 A JPH03247222 A JP H03247222A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- abalone
- pearl
- nucleus
- forming
- shell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000490567 Pinctada Species 0.000 description 2
- BLFLLBZGZJTVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzocaine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 BLFLLBZGZJTVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinaldine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C)=CC=C21 SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000237891 Haliotidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237890 Haliotis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237880 Haliotis cracherodii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000143510 Haliotis discus hannai Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XFFAHUUKBJIGKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC1=NC=C[S+]1C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound NC1=NC=C[S+]1C1=CC=CC=C1 XFFAHUUKBJIGKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940035674 anesthetics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010984 cultured pearl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007159 enucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 ethyl alcohol Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003193 general anesthetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003387 muscular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004798 organs belonging to the digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033458 reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009278 visceral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は真珠の形成に関し、さらに詳しく述べると、ア
ワビ（鉋）を用いてスリークォーターの真珠を形成する
方法、そしてそのような方法において用いられる核挿入
具に関する。本発明によれば、今まで得ることができな
かったスリークォーター真珠を高い歩留りで、アワビの
内ｍ部に損傷等の影響を与えないで、生産することがで
きるので、真珠養殖の分野において広く利用することが
できる。なお、′アワビとは、それを本願明細書におい
て用いた場合、分類上アワビ属（Ｈａｌｉｏｔｉｓ）に
所属するすべての（Ｅｕｈａｌｉｏｔｉｓ種）を指し、
具体的にはクロアワビ、マダカアワビ、メガイアワビ、
エゾアヮビなどがあげられる。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to the formation of pearls, and more specifically, a method of forming three-quarter pearls using an abalone (machine), and a method used in such a method. Relating to nuclear insertion devices. According to the present invention, it is possible to produce three-quarter pearls at a high yield, which has not been possible until now, without damaging the inner part of abalone, so it can be widely used in the field of pearl farming. can do. In addition, 'abalone', when used in the present specification, refers to all (Euhaliotis species) belonging to the genus Abalone (Haliotis) in terms of classification,
Specifically, black abalone, spotted abalone, mega abalone,
Examples include Ezo abalone.
養殖真珠の生産は、周知の通り、アコヤガイ類を中心と
した二枚貝を用いて広く行われている。As is well known, cultured pearls are widely produced using bivalves, mainly pearl oysters.
また、最近では、アコヤガイに代えてアワビを母貝とす
る真珠養殖も進められている。しがし、このアワビ真珠
養殖では、アワビのほふく特性や以下の理由に原因して
スリークォーター真珠を得ることは非常に難かしく、手
形真珠（いわゆるハーフクォーター真珠）だけを生産し
ているのが現状である。Recently, pearl farming using abalone as the mother oyster instead of pearl oyster has also been promoted. However, in this abalone pearl culture, it is extremely difficult to obtain three-quarter pearls due to the abalone's sloughing characteristics and the following reasons, and currently only hand-shaped pearls (so-called half-quarter pearls) are produced. It is.
アワビ真珠の形成は、アワビの貝殻の選ばれた部位に真
珠層形成のための小核（突起物）を装着することによっ
て開始される。この作業、すなわち、挿核は、通常、ア
ワビの貝殻のうち中央のなだらかな凹部を核の固着場所
として選定し、この場所を貝殻の外側から研摩して挿核
に十分な大きさの穴をあけ、この穴から半円状の小核、
例えばプラスチックや蝋石などの突起物を押し込み、接
着剤などを用いて貝殻に固定することにより行うことが
できる。この作業はアワビにとって大手術であるので、
その内臓部を損傷しないように入念な注意のもとで行う
必要があり、また、使用する接着剤等もアワビに無害な
もののなかから選ばれなければならない。挿核後、アワ
ビを養殖場に戻し゛、外套膜から分泌する真珠質により
突起物上面を覆わせる（専門用語で、「真珠を巻かせる
」）ために、適正な条件の下で所定の期間にわたって飼
育を行う。真珠層の厚さが一定以上になったら、その突
起部分を貝殻から切り離し、内部の突起物を除去してか
ら突起上の真珠層を切り出す。この真珠層を整形するこ
とにより、手形真珠を得ることができる。なお、上記の
ようにして貝殻中央部に装着した突起物は貝の筋肉運動
による排除作業を強く受けるために、通常の接着剤を用
いただけの突起物の装着では簡単に剥離してしまうので
、突起物を予めベークライトなどの薄板片に強固に固定
した後に貝殻と薄板片を接合し、突起物の剥離による脱
落を防止することが常用されている。Formation of abalone pearls begins by attaching micronuclei (protrusions) for nacre formation to selected parts of the abalone shell. This process, i.e., the insertion of the nucleus, is usually done by selecting a gentle depression in the center of the abalone shell as the place for the nucleus to attach, and then polishing this place from the outside of the shell to make a hole large enough to insert the nucleus. Drill a hole and extract a semicircular micronucleus from this hole.
For example, this can be done by pushing in a protrusion such as plastic or Rouseki and fixing it to the shell using adhesive or the like. This work is major surgery for the abalone, so
Careful care must be taken not to damage the internal organs of the abalone, and the adhesive used must also be selected from those that are harmless to the abalone. After enucleation, the abalone is returned to the farm and kept under appropriate conditions for a predetermined period of time in order to cover the top surface of the protrusion with nacre secreted from the mantle (technical term: ``wrapping the pearl''). Breeding takes place over a period of time. When the thickness of the nacre reaches a certain level, the protrusion is separated from the shell, the internal protrusion is removed, and the nacre above the protrusion is cut out. Hand-shaped pearls can be obtained by shaping this nacre. In addition, the protrusion attached to the center of the shell as described above is strongly subjected to removal work by the muscular movement of the shellfish, so if the protrusion is attached only with ordinary adhesive, it will easily peel off. It is common practice to firmly fix the protrusion to a thin plate of Bakelite or the like beforehand and then join the shell and the thin plate to prevent the protrusion from falling off due to peeling.
従来のアワビ真珠の形成では、アワビのほふく特性、筋
肉運動がはげしいた約に、また、装着された突起物が外
套膜の上から内臓を圧迫すると、圧迫された内臓部位が
障害をおこしてアワビが死に至るために、１／２球以上
の突起物を挿核することができず、したがってせいぜい
ハーフクォーターの真珠（１７２球）しか得ることがで
きなかった。In conventional abalone pearl formation, due to the abalone's sloughing characteristics and intense muscle movement, when the attached protrusion presses on the internal organs from above the mantle, the compressed internal organs become damaged and the abalone is Because of this, it was not possible to insert a protrusion larger than 1/2 ball, and therefore only a half-quarter of pearls (172 balls) could be obtained at most.
したがって、より真円真珠に近いスリークォーターの真
珠（３７４球）を生産するような方法を提供することが
望まれている。Therefore, it is desired to provide a method for producing three-quarter pearls (374 balls) that are closer to perfectly round pearls.
また、従来の方法では、挿核作業が複雑であり、アワビ
そのものに及ぼす影響（損傷、接着剤の毒性等）も大で
あるので、より簡略化された、しかもアワビにダメージ
を及ぼさない方法を提供することが望まれている。In addition, in the conventional method, the process of inserting the nucleus is complicated, and the effect on the abalone itself is large (damage, toxicity of adhesive, etc.), so a simpler method that does not cause damage to the abalone has been proposed. It is hoped that it will be provided.
さらにまた、従来の挿核ではアワビにとって大手術であ
るので、これを避けた挿核作業が可能な核挿入具を提供
することが望まれている。Furthermore, since conventional nuclear insertion is a major surgery for abalones, it is desired to provide a nuclear insertion tool that can avoid this.
本発明者らは、上記した課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を続
けた結果、今までその利用が考えられなかった世評水孔
を挿核部位とすることが有効であるという知見を得、本
発明を完成するに至った。As a result of intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors obtained the knowledge that it is effective to use the public water hole as a nucleus insertion site, which had not been thought of until now. I was able to complete it.
本発明は、その１つの面において、アワビを用いてスリ
ークォーターの真珠を形成するに当って、アワビ貝殻の
内面のうち閉塞せる世評水孔部位少くとも１個所に真珠
層形成のための小核を装着し、その後所定の期間にわた
ってアワビの養殖を行うことを特徴とするアワビ真珠の
形成方法にある。In one aspect, the present invention provides that, when forming three-quarter pearls using abalone, micronuclei for nacre formation are formed in at least one part of the inner surface of the abalone shell that is to be occluded. A method for forming an abalone pearl, which comprises attaching the pearl to the pearl and then culturing the abalone for a predetermined period of time.
本発明方法では、挿核時、爪に相当する開口部が世評水
孔部位の上方に位置するような人の手指状中空体からな
る核挿入具を用いて世評水孔部位の凹部を清掃した後に
核挿入具の中空部及び爪状開口部を介して小核の装着を
行うのが好ましい。In the method of the present invention, when inserting the nucleus, the concave part of the part of the water hole is cleaned using a nucleus insertion tool made of a human finger-like hollow body whose opening corresponding to the claw is located above the part of the water hole of the water hole. Preferably, the micronucleus is subsequently inserted through the hollow part and claw-like opening of the nuclear insertion tool.
本発明は、そのもう１つの面において、上記したような
アワビ真珠の形成方法に用いる核挿入具であって、人の
手指にほぼ等しい細長い長方体形状を有しており、中空
であり、爪に相当する部分が１個の世評水孔部位全体を
覆うのに十分な大きさで開口していることを特徴とする
核挿入具にある。Another aspect of the present invention is a nuclear insertion tool used in the above-described method of forming an abalone pearl, which has an elongated rectangular shape that is approximately the same as a human finger, and is hollow. The nuclear insertion device is characterized in that the portion corresponding to the claw has an opening large enough to cover the entire area of one water hole.
ご実施例〕
本発明の実施において、母貝として用いられるアワビは
前記したようにいろいろな種類のものを包含し、養殖場
所に適したものを任意に選んで使用することができる。Examples] In the practice of the present invention, the abalone used as the mother mollusc includes various types as described above, and any abalone suitable for the culture site can be selected and used.
アワビのサイズは特に限定されないというものの、挿核
作業などのファクターを考慮した場合、殻長５Ｑｃｍ以
上であることが好ましい。Although the size of the abalone is not particularly limited, it is preferable that the shell length be 5Qcm or more, taking into account factors such as nucleus insertion.
本発明では、真珠層形成のための手抜の装着部位が重要
である。これを第１図及び第２図を参照して説明すると
、本発明では、アワビの貝殻１に存在ｒる一群の閉塞せ
る世評水孔ｅ、ｆ、ｇ、ｈ１、・・・を手抜の装着部位
とする。図中のａ、ｂ。In the present invention, a shoddy attachment site for nacre formation is important. To explain this with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, in the present invention, a group of clogging water holes e, f, g, h1, . This is the attachment site. a, b in the figure.
Ｃ及びｄはそれぞれ現在も使用中の呼水孔であり、これ
を閉塞する形で核の装着に利用することはできない。な
お、世評水孔とは、貝の成長に伴い閉塞した呼水孔痕で
あり、このようにもはや呼吸、排泄、生殖などの作用を
行なえなくなった個所を核の装着部位として活用するこ
とに本発明の特徴の１つがある。旧呼水孔部位に固着す
る核の数は多孔に１個ずつであり、何個の孔に核を固着
するかということは用いるアワビの大きさなどのファク
ターに依存する。通常、１個もしくは２〜３個の核の固
着で有利な結果を導くことができる。C and d are priming holes that are still in use, and cannot be used to attach a nucleus if they are closed. In addition, the hydration hole is the trace of the priming hole that has become blocked as the shellfish grows, and the idea is to utilize the area that can no longer perform functions such as breathing, excretion, and reproduction as the attachment site for the nucleus. There is one feature of the invention. The number of nuclei that stick to the former priming hole site is one per hole, and the number of holes that the nucleus sticks to depends on factors such as the size of the abalone used. Advantageous results can usually be obtained with the fixation of one or a few nuclei.
また、アワビの貝殻の呼水孔は呼吸器官や消化器官など
の上の部分に位置しており、呼水孔及びしたがって世評
水孔の部位の貝殻形状はエツジ状となっており、上記し
たような従来の挿核手段は用い得ない（これが、今まで
旧呼水孔部位が活用されなかった理由の１つでもある）
。また、閉塞した世評水孔部分に直接に手抜を差し込ん
で装着して真珠層をその周囲に形成させようとしても、
手抜の装着操作そのものが狭隘な部位での作業になり、
実施が非常に難しく、無理に装着を行うと必ず内臓部を
損傷し、アワビを死に至らせし給でしまう。驚くべきこ
とに、本発明の核挿入具は、このような問題にかかわる
ことなく容易にかつ確実に挿核作業を行うことができる
。In addition, the priming hole in the abalone shell is located above the respiratory and digestive organs, and the shell shape of the priming hole and therefore the water hole is edge-shaped, as described above. (This is one of the reasons why the old priming hole site has not been utilized until now.)
. In addition, even if you try to insert the cutter directly into the blocked water hole and attach it to form a mother-of-pearl layer around it,
The careless installation process itself requires work in a narrow area,
It is very difficult to implement, and if you force it on, it will always damage the internal organs and lead to the death of the abalone. Surprisingly, the nuclear insertion device of the present invention can easily and reliably perform the nuclear insertion operation without being concerned with such problems.
第５図は、本発明による核挿入具の好ましい一例を示し
た斜視図である。本発明の核挿入具２は、図示される通
り、人の手指状の中空体からなり、爪に相当する開口部
３は挿核時に旧呼水孔部位の上方にくるように構成され
ている。核挿入具２の本体は、挿入具を貝殻と内臓部の
間に差し込むのを容易にするた約、比較的に扁平な細長
い直方体の形であり、しかも先細り気味となっているの
が好ましい。但し、この中空体の中空部４の大きさは清
掃具等の出し入れや手抜の通過に十分なものでなければ
ならない。本発明の核挿入具はいろいろな材料から成形
等により製作することができる。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a preferred example of the nuclear insertion device according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the nuclear insertion tool 2 of the present invention is made of a hollow body shaped like a human finger, and the opening 3 corresponding to the claw is configured to be located above the former priming hole site when the nucleus is inserted. . The main body of the nuclear insertion device 2 is preferably in the shape of a relatively flat and elongated rectangular parallelepiped, and is tapered to facilitate insertion of the insertion device between the shell and the internal organs. However, the size of the hollow portion 4 of this hollow body must be large enough to allow cleaning tools and the like to be taken in and out, and for passing through. The nuclear insertion device of the present invention can be manufactured from various materials by molding or the like.
適当な挿入具の素材として、例えば、メラミン樹脂、ポ
リカーボネート樹脂などのプラスチック材料やステンレ
ス鋼などの金属材料をあげることができる。Suitable insert materials include, for example, plastic materials such as melamine resin and polycarbonate resin, and metal materials such as stainless steel.
例えば第５図に示したような核挿入具を使用して、次の
ようにアワビ真珠の形成を行うことができる。For example, using a nuclear insertion tool as shown in FIG. 5, abalone pearls can be formed as follows.
本発明では、先ず最初に、アワビを麻酔することにより
その体を弛緩させ、抵抗力を排除し、手抜の固着を確実
かつ容易になすことが好ましい。In the present invention, it is preferable to first anesthetize the abalone to relax its body, eliminate resistance, and ensure and easily fix the abalone.
ここで使用する麻酔剤としては、例えば二酸化炭素、メ
チルアルコール、２−アミノ−１−フェニルチアゾール
、ｐ−アミノ安息香酸エチルエステル、２−メチルキノ
リン、メチル−１−メチルベンゾイル−イミダゾール−
５−カルボキシレートなどの麻酔作用のある化学物質を
あげることができる。アワビは、挿核の完了後に正常海
水に戻すことで６０分程度で覚醒し、正常な状態に復帰
する。Examples of anesthetics used here include carbon dioxide, methyl alcohol, 2-amino-1-phenylthiazole, p-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester, 2-methylquinoline, methyl-1-methylbenzoyl-imidazole-
Chemicals with anesthetic effects such as 5-carboxylates may be mentioned. Once the abalone has been inserted, the abalone will be returned to normal seawater and will awaken in about 60 minutes and return to its normal state.
このように予めアワビを麻酔しておくとアワビの体に傷
をつけるようなことが一切なくなるので、歩留りが極め
て良い。By anesthetizing the abalone in advance in this way, there will be no damage to the abalone's body, resulting in an extremely high yield.
アワビが十分に麻酔状態にはいった後、第３図（Ａ）に
示されるように、核挿入具２をその先端開口部を下に向
けてアワビの貝殻ｌの世評水孔（例えば第１図及び第２
図の参照番号ｅ）の凹部１０のところへ差し込む。この
際、アワビの内臓部５は上方にもちあげらるれが、挿入
具の有する人の手指状の形状の故に何らの損傷も被るこ
ともない。特に本発明では、核の挿入部位が第４図に領
域Ａで示されるように貝の周端部に近く、従来の挿核部
位である領域Ｂに比較して重要な内ＩＩ器との接触も少
くて済む。ちなみに、第４図に示した内Ｆｌ臓器は説明
を簡単にするために表面全体を覆う外套膜を省略して示
したものであり、図中の８は肝臓、９は胃、そして１１
は貝柱である。After the abalone is sufficiently anesthetized, as shown in FIG. and second
Insert into the recess 10 with reference number e) in the figure. At this time, the internal organs 5 of the abalone are lifted upward, but because of the human finger-like shape of the insertion tool, they are not damaged in any way. In particular, in the present invention, the insertion site of the nucleus is closer to the peripheral edge of the shellfish, as shown by area A in FIG. It also requires less. By the way, the internal Fl organs shown in Figure 4 are shown with the mantle covering the entire surface omitted to simplify the explanation; 8 in the figure is the liver, 9 is the stomach, and 11 is the
is a scallop.
核挿入具２を所定の世評水孔部位に差し込んだ後、手積
が収容される凹部１０の水分除去を行う。After inserting the nuclear insertion tool 2 into a predetermined water hole site, the moisture in the recess 10 in which the hand is accommodated is removed.
この作業は、図示しないが、例えば乾燥した脱脂綿又は
パルプ繊維、フェルトなどのような吸水材を装着した水
分除去棒を抜挿入部の中空部に差し込んで、その開口部
のところで凹部１０とその近傍の真珠層部分の水分を除
去することが推奨される。Although not shown, this operation involves inserting a moisture removal rod equipped with a water-absorbing material such as dry absorbent cotton, pulp fiber, felt, etc. into the hollow part of the insertion/removal part, and removing the recess 10 and its vicinity at the opening. It is recommended to remove moisture from the nacreous layer.
必要に応じて、例えばエチルアルコールなどのようなア
ルコールを含浸した脱脂綿により真珠層表面を清掃し、
不純物を除いた後に乾燥脱脂綿などでアルコール分を除
去してもよい。If necessary, clean the nacre surface with absorbent cotton impregnated with alcohol, such as ethyl alcohol,
After removing impurities, the alcohol content may be removed using dry absorbent cotton or the like.
引き続いて、手抜固定のための接着剤の少量を世評水孔
の凹部に適用する。この接着剤の適用は、例えば、核挿
入具の中空部を介して、はけ塗りにより行うかもしくは
接着剤チューブに付属の細管あるいは注射針などを用い
て行うことができる。Subsequently, a small amount of adhesive for short fixing is applied to the recess of the water hole. The adhesive can be applied, for example, by brushing through the hollow part of the nuclear insertion device or by using a capillary or a syringe needle attached to the adhesive tube.
ここで使用する接着剤は速乾性でありかつアワビに対し
て無害であることが必要であり、市販されているエポキ
シ系接着剤などを任意に使用することができる。The adhesive used here needs to be quick-drying and harmless to abalone, and any commercially available epoxy adhesive or the like can be used.
接着剤の適用後すみやかに、同じく核挿入具の中空部を
介して手積の挿入を行う。この挿核作業は、例えば核挿
入具の内壁にそって手積を落下させて送り込むか、さも
なければ挿入棒、ピンセットなどの手段を用いて手積を
送り込むことができる。本発明では、世評水孔の凹部の
真上に核挿入具の開口部が位置決めされているので、正
確、容易かつ迅速に挿核作業を終えることができる。手
積６は、したがって、第３図（Ｂ）に示されるように、
アワビの貝殻ｌの世評水孔の凹部１０に安定して固着せ
し給られた状態となる。Immediately after application of the adhesive, manual insertion is also carried out through the hollow part of the nuclear insertion device. This nuclear insertion operation can be carried out, for example, by dropping the core along the inner wall of the nuclear insertion device, or by using means such as an insertion rod or tweezers. In the present invention, since the opening of the nuclear insertion tool is positioned directly above the recess of the water hole, the nuclear insertion operation can be completed accurately, easily, and quickly. The manual calculation 6 is therefore, as shown in FIG. 3(B),
It is in a state where it is stably fixed to the concave part 10 of the water hole of the abalone shell l.
本発明の実施において、真珠層形成のための手積として
いるいろな素材を用いることができる。In the practice of this invention, a variety of materials can be used to form nacre.
手積の一例を示すと、どぶ貝の貝殻から作られた真円も
しくはその他の形状の手積、貝殻核と同等の比重をもつ
ように調整したセラミックから僅られた手積などである
。かかる手積のサイズは、使用する貝殻の世評水孔の大
きさや所望とする真珠の大きさなどによって広く変更し
得るというものの、−船釣に約３〜２０ｍｍの長径を有
するものが好ましい。Examples of handmade pieces include perfectly round or other shaped handmade pieces made from the shells of mud molluscs, and small pieces of handmade pieces made from ceramics adjusted to have a specific gravity equivalent to the shell core. Although the size of such a handmade shell can vary widely depending on the size of the water hole of the shell used, the desired size of the pearl, etc., it is preferable to have a long diameter of about 3 to 20 mm for boat fishing.
挿核作業の完了後、手積が世評水孔の凹部に完全に固着
されるまでの間核挿入具をそのま＼放置する。核挿入具
の放置時間は約１０分間で十分であり、但し使用した接
着剤の種類によって若干の変動があるであろう。核挿入
具を貝殻から抜き取った後、核を植え付けたアワビを正
常海水に戻して麻酔から覚醒させる。この覚醒には、前
記した通り、６０分程度の時間を要するであろう。After completing the insertion operation, leave the insertion tool as it is until the insertion tool is completely fixed in the recess of the water hole. Approximately 10 minutes is sufficient for leaving the nuclear insertion device in place, although this may vary slightly depending on the type of adhesive used. After removing the nuclear insertion device from the shell, the abalone with the implanted nucleus is returned to normal seawater to wake up from anesthesia. As mentioned above, this awakening will take about 60 minutes.
覚醒したアワビは、餌を与えて常法に従って飼育する。Once the abalone has awakened, it is fed and reared according to conventional methods.
このアワビの飼育期間は、通常、約１年間〜３年間であ
る。この飼育の間に真珠層が成長し、例えば第３図（Ｃ
）に示されるように小片６を真珠層７が覆うようになる
。ここで注目すべきことは、世評水孔の部位はその閉塞
からも理解されるように、そもそも真珠層の形成が活発
なところであり、したがって本発明の真珠の形成も他の
部位に較べてより順調に進行可能である。The abalone breeding period is usually about 1 to 3 years. During this rearing, nacre grows, for example in Figure 3 (C
), the nacre 7 comes to cover the small piece 6. What should be noted here is that, as can be understood from the blockage, the formation of nacre is active in the part of the water hole, and therefore the formation of the pearl of the present invention is also more rapid than in other parts. It is possible to proceed smoothly.
手積の表面を覆って形成された真珠層がほぼ０、３ ｍ
ｍ以上の厚さに達した時点から、必要とする真珠層の厚
さに応じて突起物を手積ごと貝殻から切り離し、さらに
切り取り部分を整形して目的のアワビ真珠とする。ここ
で、世評水孔部は筋肉による排除作用を受けにくくかつ
さらに内臓部の圧迫が少ない構造を有しているので、約
８５％もしくはそれ以上のすぐれて良好な歩留りを達成
することができる。The layer of mother-of-pearl that covers the surface of the handmade stone is approximately 0.3 m long.
When the thickness reaches a thickness of m or more, the protrusions are manually cut out from the shell according to the required thickness of the nacre layer, and the cut parts are further shaped to form the desired abalone pearl. Here, since the water hole has a structure that is less susceptible to the removal action of muscles and further reduces pressure on the internal organs, an excellent yield of about 85% or more can be achieved.
本発明によれば、アワビ真珠の形成時、挿核作業を非常
に迅速に、容易に、そして正確に行うことができ、また
、したがって、真珠形成プロセスを簡略化するとともに
良好な歩留りを保証することができる。また、本発明に
よれば、真珠層形成のための手抜がアワビの内臓部を圧
迫するようなことがないので、スリークォーター真珠を
容易に生産することができる。According to the present invention, during the formation of abalone pearls, the nucleation operation can be carried out very quickly, easily and accurately, thus simplifying the pearl formation process and ensuring a good yield. be able to. Furthermore, according to the present invention, three-quarter pearls can be easily produced because the visceral parts of the abalone are not compressed by cutting corners in forming the mother-of-pearl layer.
第１図はアワビの貝殻の外面を示した斜視図、第２図は
第１図に示したアワビの貝殻の内面を示した斜視図、
第３図はアワビ真珠の形成プロセスを順に追って示した
断面図、
第４図はアワビの貝殻への核の挿入作業を示した斜視図
、そして
第５図は、核の挿入に用いられる核挿入具の好ましい一
例を示した斜視図である。
図中、１はアワビ貝殻、ａ、ｂ、ｃ及びｄは呼水孔、そ
してｅ、ｆ、ｇ、ｈ及び１は世評水孔である。
アワビ貝殻（外面）
アワビ貝殻（内面）
第２図
ｅ、ず、ｇ、ｈ、ｉ・・・旧呼水孔Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the outer surface of an abalone shell, Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the inner surface of the abalone shell shown in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a step-by-step diagram showing the formation process of an abalone pearl. 4 is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the operation of inserting a nucleus into an abalone shell, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a preferred example of a nucleus insertion tool used for inserting the nucleus. In the figure, 1 is an abalone shell, a, b, c, and d are priming holes, and e, f, g, h, and 1 are public water holes. Abalone shell (outer surface) Abalone shell (inner surface) Figure 2 e, zu, g, h, i... Former priming hole
Claims (1)
に当って、アワビ貝殻の内面のうち閉塞せる旧呼水孔部
位少くとも１個所に真珠層形成のための小核を装着し、
その後所定の期間にわたってアワビの養殖を行うことを
特徴とするアワビ真珠の形成方法。 ２、挿核時、爪に相当する開口部が旧呼水孔部位の上方
に位置するような人の手指状中空体からなる核挿入具を
用いて旧呼水孔部位の凹部を清掃した後に核挿入具の中
空部及び爪状開口部を介して小核の装着を行う、請求項
１に記載のアワビ真珠の形成方法。 ３、請求項１に記載のアワビ真珠の形成方法に用いる核
挿入具であって、人の手指にほぼ等しい細長い直方体形
状を有しており、中空であり、爪に相当する部分が１個
の旧呼水孔部位全体を覆うのに十分な大きさで開口して
いることを特徴とする核挿入具。[Claims] 1. When forming a three-quarter pearl using abalone, a micronucleus for nacre formation is attached to at least one former priming hole site to be closed on the inner surface of the abalone shell. death,
A method for forming abalone pearls, which comprises culturing abalone for a predetermined period of time. 2. At the time of nucleus insertion, after cleaning the concave part of the old priming hole using a nucleus insertion tool made of a human finger-like hollow body with the opening corresponding to the claw located above the old priming hole. 2. The method for forming abalone pearls according to claim 1, wherein the micronucleus is attached through the hollow part and claw-like opening of the nucleus insertion tool. 3. A nuclear insertion device used in the method for forming an abalone pearl according to claim 1, which has an elongated rectangular parallelepiped shape that is approximately the same as a human finger, is hollow, and has one portion corresponding to a nail. A nuclear insertion device characterized by having an opening large enough to cover the entire former priming hole site.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2042684A JPH03247222A (en) | 1990-02-26 | 1990-02-26 | Method for forming abalone pearl and nucleus inserting tool used therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2042684A JPH03247222A (en) | 1990-02-26 | 1990-02-26 | Method for forming abalone pearl and nucleus inserting tool used therefor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03247222A true JPH03247222A (en) | 1991-11-05 |
| JPH0445132B2 JPH0445132B2 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
Family
ID=12642862
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2042684A Granted JPH03247222A (en) | 1990-02-26 | 1990-02-26 | Method for forming abalone pearl and nucleus inserting tool used therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03247222A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009544292A (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2009-12-17 | ポエマータ ラフォト | Manufacturing method of mabe and pearl |
-
1990
- 1990-02-26 JP JP2042684A patent/JPH03247222A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009544292A (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2009-12-17 | ポエマータ ラフォト | Manufacturing method of mabe and pearl |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0445132B2 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
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