JPH03242740A - Device for preparing file system having variable i/o performance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prepare one file system across plural secondary storage devices different in I/O performance by automatically allocating a file on secondary storage devices designated by a prepared directory by which the file is controlled. CONSTITUTION:When an operator 2 inputs a command to prepare and initialize a file system, a file system preparing means 7 is started to prepare and initialize the file system constituted across plural designated extrahigh-speed or high- speed, medium-speed, and low-speed secondary storage devices 13 to 15. When a user 5 inputs command to prepare a directory, a directory preparing means 8 is started to prepare the directory including designation of secondary storage devices 13 to 15 on which files prepared under the control of this directory will be allocated. Files are automatically allocated on secondary storage devices designated by the directory controlling these files. Thus, one file system is directory controlling these files. Thus, one file system is constituted across plural secondary storage devices 13 to 15 different in I/O performance.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is directed to a storage system that is configured across a plurality of secondary storage devices having a tree structure consisting of directories and files and having different I/O performance. The present invention relates to a device for creating a file system, and more particularly to a device for creating a file system that can allocate a group of files created directly under a directory onto a secondary storage device designated by the user for that directory.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, directories and data are stored on a plurality of secondary storage devices having different I/O performances, for example, two secondary storage devices such as a high-speed secondary storage device 61 and a low-speed secondary storage device 62 as shown in FIG. When creating a tree-structured file system consisting of files, as shown in the figure, a main file system 63 is created on the high-speed secondary storage device 261, and a secondary file system 64 is created on the low-speed secondary storage device 62. The file system 6 follows the main file system 63.
4 (dynamic join processing of two file systems) and attach the secondary file system 64 to the main file system 6.
It was started to be used as part of 3. In addition, in the figure, 65 is a directory, and 66 is a file.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, the conventional file system created as described above has the following problems.

(1) The secondary storage device to which directories and files are allocated is determined for each file system. For example, a user who wants high-speed file I/O can decide which directory the subtrees under are allocated on the high-speed secondary storage device. The computer system must be used after recognizing in advance whether it is a file system to be allocated, and the user is forced to use the computer system in a troublesome manner that takes into account the physical configuration of the computer system.

(2) In order to build a file system with good I/O performance, files that require high-performance I/O must be concentrated in a file system on a high-performance secondary storage device, and the file system It may also be affected by restrictions that reduce the degree of freedom in tree structure generation.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to enable the creation of a single file system across multiple secondary storage devices with different I/O performance, and to allow the user to create a secondary storage device that stores a group of files directly under each directory. The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for creating a file system that can be specified.

5. Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the device for creating a file system with variable I/O performance of the present invention has a function of managing a file system in a tree structure consisting of directories and files. In addition, in a computer system equipped with multiple secondary storage devices with various I/O performances, create a file system that is started by an input command and configured across multiple specified secondary storage devices. and a directory creation means that is activated by an input command and creates a directory including a specification of a secondary storage device, and files under the created directory are created in that directory. It has a configuration that automatically allocates it on a designated secondary storage device.

[Effect]

When a computer system operator inputs a command for file system creation/initialization from a console, etc., the file system creation means is activated by the command and creates a file system that spans multiple specified secondary storage devices. Create and initialize 0
Next, when the user inputs a command for directory creation from a terminal or the like, the directory creation means is activated and creates a directory including the designation of the secondary storage device to which the files created thereunder are to be allocated.

The designation of the secondary storage device held in this directory is referred to when allocating a file, and the file is automatically allocated to the secondary storage device specified by the directory that has the file under it.

〔Example〕

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, one embodiment of the present invention includes a computer system 1 and a console 3. connected thereto. Terminal 4. It is comprised of an ultra-high/high-speed secondary storage device 13, a medium-speed secondary storage device 14, and a low-speed secondary storage device 15.

Ultra high speed/high speed secondary storage device f13. Medium speed secondary storage device 1
4 and the low-speed secondary storage device 15 are a plurality of secondary storage devices with different I/, 0 performance, and are respectively assigned identification names A, B, and C. In this embodiment, the above three types of secondary storage devices are used. For example, one file system having the tree structure shown in FIG. 2 is constructed across secondary storage devices.

In addition, in FIG. 2, root, bin, etc., t
The box containing mp is the directory, coml mklt
The box containing mp1 indicates the file.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which one file system having a tree structure as shown in FIG. 2 is constructed across the three types of secondary storage devices 13 to 15. As shown in the figure, all directories (rooL binetc, tmp) and control information (index) of each file that make up the file system are allocated on the ultra-high-speed/high-speed secondary storage device 13. can be accessed quickly. Also, the directory tm
Under the directory P there is a file tmpl that is frequently accessed and therefore requires a fast Ilo, and under the directory bin there is a file coml that is relatively frequently accessed and therefore requires a medium Ilo. etc. are rarely accessed and are therefore slow.
Files mkl sufficient for o are stored in the ultra-high-speed/high-speed secondary storage device 13. Medium speed secondary storage device 1
4. Allocated to the low-speed secondary storage device 15.

In FIG. 3, 31 to 34 are directory index entries, 35 to 37 are file index entries, and 38 is a root index entry 3] and directories bin, etc, tm.
Data blocks 39 to 41 are used to link index entries 34 and 33 of p with index entries 32 to 34 of the file.
A data block used for linking with entries 35 to 37, 42 a data block included in the file tmpl, 43 a data block included in the file comH,
44 each indicates a data block included in the file mkl.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the combinator system l is
It creates a file system as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in accordance with instructions from the operator 2 who operates the console 3 and the user 5 who operates the terminal 4, and internally includes command analysis and startup means. 6. File system creation means 7, directory creation means 8. Program 9. 1/○Request reception is by means/O. It has a file/directory structure analysis means 11 and an I/O issue/completion waiting means 12.

The command analysis/activation means 6 receives and analyzes commands from the console 3 and the terminal 4, and the file system creation means 7. Directory creation means 8. This is a means for starting the program 9.

The file system creation means 7 is activated by a command input from the console 3 through the command analysis/activation means 6, and is a file system composed of a plurality of secondary storage devices 13 to 15 with various performances supported by the computer system l. It is a means to create and initialize the .

The directory creation means 8 is the command analysis/starting means 6.
This is a means for creating and setting a directory so that files under the same directory will be allocated to the secondary storage device specified at the time of startup.

The program 9 is a program that is activated by a command input from the terminal 4 through the command analysis/activation means 6 and performs I/O processing on files in the file system as shown in FIG.

T/O request receiving means/O is file system creation means 7. Directory creation means 8. Ultra high speed/high speed secondary storage device 13゜medium speed secondary storage device 1 from program 9 etc.
4. This is a means for accepting T/O requests to the low-speed secondary storage device f15 all at once.

Note that the actual I/O processing is performed by the I/O issuing/completion waiting means 12 via the file/directory structure analyzing means 11. However, in the case of a T/O request from the file system creation means 7, the file/directory structure analysis means 11 is bypassed.

file/day 1/ri) I7 structure analysis means 11
The /O request reception is called by the means lO, analyzes the file system structure built over multiple secondary storage devices 13 to 15, and identifies the secondary storage device that is the target of the current l/○. This is means for notifying the I/O issue/completion waiting means 12.

The l/○ issue/completion waiting means 12 is an ultra-high speed/high speed secondary storage device 13. Shindachi secondary storage device 14. This is a means of issuing the actual Ilo to the low-speed secondary storage device 15, waiting for completion, and performing the corresponding processing.

Next, the operation of creating a file system as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in this embodiment configured as described above will be explained.

First, the operator 2 of the computer system 1 uses the ultra-high-speed secondary storage device 13. Medium-speed secondary storage device 14. Create a file system consisting of low-speed secondary storage device 15.
For initialization, necessary commands are given from the console 3 to the file system creation means 7 through the command analysis/starting means 6, and this is started.

The started file system creation means 7 issues I/O requests to the I/O request receiving means/O as appropriate.
One file system is created and initialized across the designated secondary storage devices f13 to f15. In this process, a free list for managing the free block areas of each of the three secondary storage devices 13 to 15 is created, for example, as shown in FIG. 4. That is, the headers of the free list for each device 13 to 15 are secured on the super block on the ultra-high speed/high speed secondary storage device 13, and the remaining free list portion is secured on the data area of each device 13 to 15. secure.

In addition, in response to a request to secure a free block for each device that occurs in later processing, free blocks are first collected from the corresponding header in sequence, free blocks on the header are taken, and when it becomes empty, each Free programs are collected from the next list part in the data area of the device. Conversely, when returning a used data block to the free list, it is returned to the header list corresponding to each device on the super block, and when it is full, the header list is ejected to the data area of the device and emptied. This is to create a link with the header list on the new super block.

After the process for creating and initializing the file system is completed by the file system creation means 7, the user 5 of the terminal 4 then uses the terminal 4 to create a directory when constructing the tree structure of his/her own file system. A necessary command is given to the directory creation means 8 through the command analysis/starting means 6, and it is started. In response, the directory creation means 8 issues an appropriate I/O request to the 1/O request receiving means/O, and
An index entry for a newly generated directory in the index area of the high-speed secondary storage device 13 and a data block in the same data area are secured. At this time, the user 5 can specify a secondary storage device to which files under the created directory are to be allocated, and the specified secondary storage device name is stored in the index entry created above by the directory creation means 8. . Regarding this point, let us take the directory bin in Figure 3 as an example.
The explanation is as follows with reference to the figure. First, the directory creation means 8 uses an ultra high speed/high speed secondary storage device 13.
Directory b to be newly created in the index area of
An index entry 34 for "in" is generated and a link is created from the root via the data block 38, and a data block 41 is secured in the same data area and a link is created from the index entry 34 of the directory "bin". Since the user 5 issues an instruction to create a file under the directory bin in the medium-speed secondary storage device f14, the identification name B is stored in the index entry 34 of the directory bin.

Next, user 5 uses command analysis/starting means 6 from terminal 4.
The operation when the program 9 that performs I/O processing to a file through is started will be explained.

When the program 9 is started, it executes a predetermined operation and issues an I/O request for a desired file.

This I/O request is received by the I/O request receiving means/O, and the file/directory structure analysis means 11
passed to.

The file/directory structure analysis means 11 analyzes the tree structure of the file system already created by the user 5 by the directory creation means 8, and accesses a desired file. At this time, for example, if Ilo is write and a new data block is required, it corresponds to the identifier of the secondary storage device where the file will be created, which is shown in the index entry of the directory where the file will be created. Fetches a data block from the freelist header for the device. Referring to FIG. 5, an example of Ilo to the file coml immediately under the directory bin will be explained. Files under the directory bin are assigned an identifier in the index entry 34 so that they are allocated on the medium-speed secondary storage device 14. B is set, so the file/directory structure analysis means 11 uses the file co
ml area from the free list header for device B (14) in FIG.
5) 43 are acquired, and links to these data blocks 43 are created in the index area of the ultra-high-speed/high-speed secondary storage device 13, and are accessed via the data block 41 to the index entry of the directory bin. 3
The file/directory structure analysis means 11 makes settings in the index entry 37 of the file coml linked from 4 in the form of "secondary storage device identifier, block number", and records the actual I/O to the same block. A request is made to the I/O issue/completion waiting means 12 for O processing.

Further, when Ilo is a read to file C0m1, the file/directory structure analysis means 11 first searches the tree structure of the file system, finds the index entry 37 of the file coml, and creates a link from there to the data block 43. Find the desired program of the medium-speed secondary storage device 14, and change the actual l/○ to the same block.
A request is made to the I/O issue/completion waiting means 12 for processing.

The 1/○ issue/completion waiting means 12 issues an I/O command to a specific block of the secondary storage device targeted for ■/○ in accordance with the ■/O processing request issued by the file/directory structure analysis means 11. do. This performs the actual Ilo.

The above description has been made using the file coml as an example, but similar operations are performed for other files shown in FIG.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, one file system can be constructed across multiple secondary storage devices having various I/O performances, and the file system can be configured on a per-directory basis. The user can directly specify the secondary storage device to which the file group created immediately below is allocated. Therefore, users can freely create files under the corresponding directories by considering I/O performance for each file, and use these files. The user is no longer forced to use the system in a troublesome manner that requires recognition of the physical configuration of the file system, and furthermore, the degree of freedom in creating the tree structure of the file system can be increased.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows the structure of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 shows an example of the tree structure of a file system created in the embodiment of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows the three types of files shown in Fig. 1. Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a free list created by the file system creation means, and Figure 5 is the diagram shown in Figure 3. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the structure of the directory bin and the file coml thereunder in more detail, and FIG. In the figure, 1...Computer system 2...Operator 3...Console 4...Terminal 5...User 6...Command analysis/starting means 7...File system creation means 8... Directory creation means 9...Program/O...I/O request reception means 11...File/directory structure analysis means 12.
...I/O issuing/completion waiting means 13...Ultra high speed/high speed secondary storage device 14...Medium speed secondary storage device 15...Low speed secondary storage device

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a computer system that has the function of managing a file system in a tree structure consisting of directories and files, and is equipped with a plurality of secondary storage devices having various I/O performances, it is activated by an input command, A file system creation means that creates and initializes a file system that spans multiple specified secondary storage devices, and a directory that is activated by an input command and creates a directory that includes secondary storage device specifications. Creation of a file system with variable I/O performance, comprising a creation means, and having a configuration in which files under the created directory are automatically allocated on a secondary storage device designated by the directory. Device. (2) The control information of all directories and files is allocated to a secondary storage device with the fastest I/O speed among a plurality of secondary storage devices constituting the file system. A device for creating a file system with variable I/O performance.