JPH03236551A - Cold transporting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable cooling of a substance to be cooled located in a remote position by a method wherein a pipe through which a refrigerant is extracted is connected to the expansion chamber of a heat station, and a refrigerant is caused to flow to a cooling stage, making contact with the substance to be cooled, through the pipe. CONSTITUTION:In a freezing device 1, when the volume of an expansion chamber 6 of a heat station 3 is minimized, a valve 8 is opened to fill the expansion chamber 6 and a chamber 10 with a refrigerant being high pressure helium gas compressed by a compressor 2. Through movement of a displacer 5, the volume of the expansion chamber 6 is increased and a gas refrigerant is moved from the chamber 10 to the expansion chamber 6 to maintain a pressure in the expansion chamber 6 approximately at a constant value. Thereafter, when the valve 8 is closed and the valve 9 is closed, a gas refrigerant in the expansion chamber 6 is forced to flow to the compressor 2, and the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced to a low value through a Simon expansion. A pipe 11 is installed to the expansion chamber 6 of the heat station 3 to extract a refrigerant therethrough, and a refrigerant is caused to flow to a cooling stage 13 thermally contacting with a substance 12 to be cooled through the pipe 11.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Fields> The present invention is applicable to cryopumps, precooling of superconducting magnets,
Concerns cold transport methods applied to experiments on superconducting materials.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a cold transport method for cooling an object to be cooled to an ultra-low temperature, for example, as shown in FIG. A method is known to cool the material to an extremely low temperature. The refrigeration device A is, for example, a GM cycle (G i
Specifically, the refrigeration system A connects a compressor a and a heat station b having a variable-volume expansion chamber e through piping. The compressor a
After filling the heat station b with the compressed and high-pressure gas refrigerant in a state where the volume of the expansion chamber e is reduced, the volume of the expansion chamber e is expanded without changing the pressure of the gas refrigerant. It is connected to the suction side of the compressor a to subject the gas refrigerant to Simon fat expansion, and the gas refrigerant in the fat expansion chamber e is transferred to the expansion chamber e.
This operation is repeated 1 to bring the heat station to a cryogenic temperature. , the cold generated in the heat station 1) is cooled by a refrigerant provided with a heat station cooling stage d in thermal contact with the heat station b and a cooling stage f in thermal contact with the object to be cooled C. A refrigerant supply compressor is interposed in the transportation line g to circulate a refrigerant separate from the refrigeration device A.
The object to be cooled C is cooled. Since the refrigerant supply compressor operates at room temperature, the heat exchanger l provided in the refrigerant transport line g exchanges heat between the refrigerant and its return.

Furthermore, a direct cooling type cooling method is also known in which the object to be cooled C is brought into direct thermal contact with the heat station 1] without installing the refrigerant transport line Z of l'X in FIG.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention 17) In the conventional refrigerated transportation method, separate refrigerants are circulated in each of the refrigeration device A and the circulation device H, so the two refrigerant compressors a and h may change their minds. However, there was an inconvenience that equipment and operating costs were high. Although the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger l installed in the refrigerant transport line g is an important factor in determining the capacity of the cooling stage f, it is possible to make the heat exchanger 1 inexpensive and compact. 1 of the heat exchanger 1 is difficult to manufacture. -The disadvantage was that the equipment was expensive and large.

These inconveniences and drawbacks are that there is no refrigerant transport line g;
This does not occur in the case of the direct cooling type in which the object C is brought into direct contact with the heat station h, but on the other hand, the vibrations of the refrigeration device A are easily transmitted to the object to be cooled, causing the object C to be heated 1-7. When this happens, heat is transferred to the refrigeration device A, causing damage and other negative effects.

The present invention is as follows: 1. The object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerated transport horn method that solves the above disadvantages and drawbacks and can simply and inexpensively cool objects located remote from a refrigeration system.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In the present invention, a compressor and a heat station having an expansion chamber are provided, and the FF refrigerant increased in FF by the compressor is transferred to the expansion chamber with a small volume. Then, the volume of the expansion chamber of the heat station is expanded without changing the pressure of the gas refrigerant therein, and the expansion chamber is connected to the suction side of the compressor to supply the gas refrigerant. Simon expands the fat and removes the gas refrigerant in the expansion chamber by reducing the expansion chamber.1. In a refrigeration system that lowers the heat station to an extremely low temperature, a vibrator for extracting the refrigerant is connected to the expansion chamber of the heat station, and the object to be cooled is contacted via the vibrator. By flowing the refrigerant to the cooling stage, the object to be cooled at a remote location was cooled.

(Operation) A refrigerant, for example, helium gas, is compressed by a compressor to fill the heat station in which the volume of the expansion chamber is in a minimum state, and then the volume of the expansion chamber is reduced without changing the pressure of the gas refrigerant inside. Expansion 12, connect the expansion chamber to the suction side of the compressor l-, cool the gas refrigerant by Zymon expansion and constriction I7, then reduce the volume of the expansion chamber to eliminate the gas refrigerant inside 17, perform this operation. The heat station is repeatedly cooled to an extremely low temperature, as in the case of conventional refrigerators, but in the case of the present invention, the refrigerant is extracted from a vibrator connected to the expansion chamber of the heat station. Since the heat station directly flows to the cooling stage, the cooling stage is also cooled in the same way as the heat station, and an object to be cooled provided in thermal contact with the cooling stage can be cooled by a small and simple means.
The vibrations of the refrigerator are less likely to be transmitted to the object to be cooled, and when the object to be cooled is heated, the heat is less likely to be transmitted to the refrigerator, thereby preventing damage to the refrigerator.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. In Fig. 1, reference numeral (1) indicates a compressor (2) and a heat station (
For example, (, -M) configured by connecting 3) with piping 0)
Cycle (GiffordMcMaho
11 cycles) refrigeration equipment.

The details of the refrigeration system (1) are as shown in the second figure, and one chamber in a cylindrical heat station (3) equipped with a reciprocating piston-shaped dispersor (5) is a fat expansion chamber (1). 6), and the fat expansion chamber (6) is connected to a pipe (4) provided with a regenerator (7) and valves (8) and (9) in the middle.
It is connected to the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor (2) through the pipe, and the pipe (4) in front of the regenerator (7) is connected to the other chamber (10) of the heat station (3). be done.

The refrigeration system (L) opens the valve (8) when the volume of the fat expansion chamber (6) of the heat station (3) is at its minimum, and supplies high-pressure helium gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor (2). Fill the fat-blowing chamber (6> and chamber (10) with The gas refrigerant is moved to maintain the pressure in the fat expansion chamber (6) at a substantially constant level, and when the valve (8) is closed and the valve (9> is opened), the gas refrigerant in the fat expansion chamber (6) is transferred to the compressor. The heat station (3) becomes low temperature and moves the displacer (5) to the position where the fat expansion chamber (6) is minimized, and this operation is activated. For example, by repeating this once every second, the heat station (3) becomes extremely cold.

These configurations and operations are the same as those of conventional refrigeration equipment, but in the present invention, the fat expansion chamber (6) of the heat station (3)
) is equipped with a vibrator (11>) to extract the refrigerant, and the vibrator (
Since the refrigerant is made to flow through the cooling stage (13) which is in thermal contact with the object to be cooled (12) through the cooling device (11), the vibration ( 11
) The cooled helium gas refrigerant makes a reciprocating motion, cooling the cooling stage (13>) to an extremely low temperature, and cooling the object to be cooled (12) in contact with it to an extremely low temperature.

In order to increase the cooling capacity of the cooling stage (13),
A large space may be provided at the end of the vibrator (11) to increase the amount of refrigerant passing through the cooling stage (13), but G
- The performance of the M cycle refrigeration system is determined by the pressure difference between the high pressure and low pressure created by the compressor (2) and the fat expansion chamber (6), as seen in the P-v diagram (14) in Figure 3. This is determined by the change in volume of the refrigerant, so any excess space created to increase the amount of refrigerant passing through the cooling stage (13) becomes a dead space, causing the pressure difference in the compressor (2) to become impossible. , and as the flow rate of refrigerant increases, the efficiency of the regenerator (7) decreases, and the refrigerating capacity decreases, so the amount of refrigerant flowing through the vibrator (11) should be set to an amount commensurate with the refrigeration system. It is preferable. Symbol (1) in Figure 3
5) is a P-v diagram when a vibrator (11) is provided in the refrigeration device (1>).

Although the G-M cycle was used for the above-mentioned refrigeration system (1), a Tsurubay cycle or Stirling cycle refrigeration system may also be used. The refrigerant is extracted from one stage or both stages via a vibrator (11).
It is also possible to cool two objects (12) to be cooled using two cooling stages (13).

In the case of Figures 4 and 5, in order to increase the refrigerating capacity, the closed end of the vibrator (11) is cooled by contacting the heat station (3), or a reservoir (16) is placed at the end of the vibrator (11). was attached to increase the flow rate of refrigerant through the vibrator (11).

When the refrigerating capacity was measured in the case of the example shown in Figure 4,
When the cooling stage (13a) connected to the first stage heat station (3a> ), a cooling capacity of 5W was obtained, and a cooling capacity of IW was obtained at the second cooling stage (13b).

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, in the present invention, the refrigerant is transferred from the fat expansion chamber of the heat station, which is cooled to an extremely low temperature by Simon swelling fat, to the cooling stage, which is in thermal contact with the object to be cooled, via the vibrator. By circulating the refrigerant in the heat station, it is possible to easily and inexpensively cool objects to be cooled located at a remote location from the heat station to extremely low temperatures in a narrow space without installing a separate circulation device. Because it extracts cold water over long distances with lightweight equipment, the heat station and the object to be cooled can be separated sufficiently to prevent thermal effects on the heat station and vibrations from the refrigeration equipment on the object to be cooled. It has the effect of being able to minimize the amount.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a concrete explanatory diagram of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a P-M cycle refrigeration system.
The V diagram, FIGS. 4 and 5 are side views of other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a side view of a conventional example. (1) Refrigeration equipment (2> Compressor (3> Heat station (4) Piping (6) Fat expansion chamber (11) Vibrator (12) ...Object to be cooled (13>...Cooling stage

Claims (1)

[Claims] Equipped with a compressor and a heat station having an expansion chamber,
A heat station with a small expansion chamber is filled with gas refrigerant pressurized by the compressor, and then the volume of the expansion chamber of the heat station is expanded without changing the pressure of the gas refrigerant therein, and then the expansion is performed. In a refrigeration system, a chamber is connected to the suction side of the compressor to subject the gas refrigerant to Simon expansion, and the gas refrigerant in the expansion chamber is removed by contraction of the expansion chamber to bring the heat station to a cryogenic temperature. 1. A cold transport method, characterized in that a pipe for extracting the refrigerant is connected to an expansion chamber of a heat station, and the refrigerant is caused to flow through the pipe to a cooling stage in contact with an object to be cooled.