JPH0323567B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0323567B2
JPH0323567B2 JP57008983A JP898382A JPH0323567B2 JP H0323567 B2 JPH0323567 B2 JP H0323567B2 JP 57008983 A JP57008983 A JP 57008983A JP 898382 A JP898382 A JP 898382A JP H0323567 B2 JPH0323567 B2 JP H0323567B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
acrylic acid
added
mol
acrylamide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP57008983A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS58127714A (en
Inventor
Hisao Takeda
Yasunori Taniguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KYORITSU JUKI KOGYO KENKYUSHO KK
Original Assignee
KYORITSU JUKI KOGYO KENKYUSHO KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KYORITSU JUKI KOGYO KENKYUSHO KK filed Critical KYORITSU JUKI KOGYO KENKYUSHO KK
Priority to JP898382A priority Critical patent/JPS58127714A/en
Priority to US06/460,037 priority patent/US4525527A/en
Publication of JPS58127714A publication Critical patent/JPS58127714A/en
Priority to US06/710,702 priority patent/US4612250A/en
Priority to US06/836,103 priority patent/US4618631A/en
Priority to US07/389,616 priority patent/US4985518A/en
Publication of JPH0323567B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0323567B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は水溶性モノマーの共重合体を架橋剤に
よつて架橋することにより、不水溶性で自重の数
百倍の水を吸収、かつ保水し安定な含水ゲルとな
る高吸水性ポリマーの製造法を提供することにあ
る。 従来、水を吸水し保持するものとしてはパルプ
製品が使われて来た。しかし、パルプの吸水量は
自重の10倍程度であり、多量の水を吸収、保持し
ようとするパルプ自体多量に必要とし、たいへん
かさ高いものとなつてしまう。又圧力を加えられ
ると水を分離してしまう。そこでわずかな重量で
多量の水を吸収、保持する高吸水性ポリマーの開
発がなされて来た。この高吸水性ポリマーは自重
の数百倍の水を吸収、保持する。しかも吸水した
状態で安定なゲルとなり、多少の圧力を加えても
水を分離しない。このような高吸水性ポリマーは
使い捨ておむつ、ナプキン、微生物の培地、園芸
用など広い用途を持つている。すでに開発された
高吸水性ポリマーとしては澱粉グラフト重合体
(特公昭53−46199)セルロース変成物(特開昭50
−80376)などがある。しかし澱粉グラフト重合
物は含水ゲルとして長期間使用した場合、澱粉が
腐敗するおそれがある。またセルロース変成物で
は吸水量がセルロースに比較してそれほど多くは
ないという欠点を持つている。本発明者らは、こ
れらの欠点を克服すべく種々研究をした結果、本
発明に到達した。すなわち本発明の高吸水性ポリ
マーはアクリル酸とアクリルアミドをモル比で
70:30〜90:10の範囲で、かつアクリル酸の70モ
ル%〜90モル%を苛性アルカリ又はアンモニア、
アミンで部分中和した単量体と、アクリル酸とア
クリルアミドの重量に対して50〜200ppmのメチ
レンビスアクリルアミドを共重合して得た水不溶
性の高吸水性ポリマーに関するものである。アク
リル酸のモル比を70モル%未満にし、アクリルア
ミドのモル比を高めると含水ゲル強度は高くなる
が吸水量が低下してしまう。またアクリル酸を90
モル%を超える量にすると吸水量は多くなるが含
水ゲル表面が半溶解状態となり、ゲル強度が低下
してしまう。またアクリル酸の部分中和を70モル
%未満にするとアクリル酸のカルボキシル基の解
離がおさえられ親水性が低下するために吸水量も
低下してしまう。また逆に部分中和を90モル%よ
り多くすると含水ゲル表面が半溶解性を示し、吸
水量が低下する。メチレンビスアクリルアミドを
50ppm未満にすると水溶性部分が多くなり含水ゲ
ル表面が半溶解状態となる。それとともにゲル強
度も低下してしまう。あるいはまたメチレンビス
アクリルアミドを200ppmを超える量を加えると
架橋度が増加し、しつかりしたゲルを得ることが
出来るが、吸水量は低下してしまう。したがつて
本発明における範囲が最も優れた高吸水性ポリマ
ーを得ることが出来る。本発明品を重合するにあ
たつて開始剤は一般的に使用されているレドツク
ス系、アゾ系など、どのような物を使用しても良
く特定の開始剤に限定されるものではない。また
重合濃度に関しては特に限定をせず任意の範囲で
選択できるが乾燥工程を考慮すると、できるだけ
高濃度で行なう方が有利である。たとえば70%程
度の高濃度水溶液で重合を行ない発生する重合熱
によつて水分を蒸発させてしまい、そのまま乾燥
工程を経ずに直接粉砕工程へ持つてゆく方法も選
択できる。また開始温度に関しては開始剤の種類
によつて重合を開始させる温度が異なるために開
始剤が機能する温度以上で重合を開始させれば良
く、特に限定されるものではない。 次に本発明を実施例に基づいてさらに具体的に
説明するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り以
下の実施例に制約されるものではない。 実施例 1 アクリル酸28.1gとアクリルアミド11.9gを蒸
留水179.1gに溶かし、これに水酸化アトリウム
10.9gを加えアクリル酸の70モル%を部分中和し
た。さらにメチレンビスアクリルアミド0.003g
を加えた。触媒として22′アゾビス2アミジノプ
ロパンハイドロクロライド0.04gを加え重合させ
た。また重合開始温度は50℃とした。 実施例 2 アクリル酸48.1gとアクリルアミド11.9gを蒸
留水159gに溶かし、これに水酸化ナトリウム
22.7gを加えアクリル酸の85モル%を部分中和し
た。さらにメチレンビスアクリルアミド0.006g
を加えた。これに過硫酸アンモニウム0.048gと
亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.048gを加え重合した。
また開始温度は40℃とした。 実施例 3 アクリル酸90.1gとアクリルアミド9.9gを蒸
留水118.8gに溶かし、これに水酸化カリウム
52.6gを加えてアクリル酸の75モル%を部分中和
した。さらにメチレンビスアクリルアミド0.018
gを加えた。これに過硫酸アンモニウム0.08gと
亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.08gを加えて重合した。
また開始温度は30℃とした。 実施例 4 アクリル酸48.1gとアクリルアミド11.9gを蒸
留水252.1gに溶解し、これに29%のアンモニア
水27.4gを加えアクリル酸の70モル%を部分中和
した。さらにメチレンビスアクリルアミド0.006
gを加えた。これに過硫酸アンモニウム0.048g
と亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.048gを加え重合した。
また開始温度は30℃とした。 実施例 5 アクリル酸52.7gとアクリルアミド17.3gを蒸
留水25gに溶かし、これに水酸化カリウム32.8g
を加えアクリル酸の80モル%を部分中和した。こ
れにメチレンビスアクリルアミドを0.007g加え、
触媒として22′アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.7g
を溶解したアセトン溶液を10c.c.加えた。この溶液
は80℃の恒温水槽で加温された箱型容器(テフロ
ン加工したガラス繊維素材)の中へ入れて加熱し
重合反応を開始させた。重合反応が開始すると発
生する重合熱によつて水分が蒸発し、含水率の非
常に低い多孔性の白色重合固体として高吸水性ポ
リマーを得た。 実施例 6 アクリル酸52.7gにアクリルアミド17.3gを溶
かし、これに29%アンモニア水30gを加えアクリ
ル酸の70モル%を部分中和した。これに架橋剤と
してメチレンビスアクリルアミドを0.007g加え
触媒として22′アゾビス2アミジノプロパンハイ
ドロクロライド0.7gを8gの蒸留水に溶かして
加えた。この溶液は80℃の恒温水槽で加温された
前述の箱型容器の中へ入れて加熱し重合反応を開
始させた。重合反応が開始すると発生する重合熱
によつて水分が蒸発し、多孔性の白色重合固体と
して高吸水性ポリマーを得た。 実施例 7 アクリル酸21Kgとアクリルアミド7Kgを蒸留水
9.5Kgに溶かし、これに水酸化カリウム12Kgを加
えアクリル酸を部分中和した。さらにメチレンビ
スアクリルアミド0.036Kgを加え、混合単量体の
水溶液を調製した。上記で調製された水溶液に
22′アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.28Kgをアセト
ン2Kgに溶かした溶液を混合し、混合液を60℃に
加温されたエンドレスの移動ベルト(幅600〜700
mm、長さ7m)上に厚さ約1cmの層状に流下させ
た。重合反応はベルト上ですみやかに開始され、
発生する重合熱によつて水分が蒸発し、重合反応
が完結すると同時にベルト上において含水率り非
常に低い白色重合固体として高吸水性ポリマーを
得ることができた。 実施例 8 実施例1〜4で得られた重合物をアセトン脱水
し乾燥させた後粉砕した。実施例5〜7で得られ
た重合体は乾燥工程を経ずに直接粉砕して粉末状
の高吸水性ポリマーを得た。実施例1から実施例
7で得られたそれぞれの高吸水性ポリマーを市販
品と比較し吸水能試験を行なつた。試験方法は蒸
留水1に対し高吸水性ポリマー1gを撹拌しな
がら加え1時間放置した後、100meshのふるいを
用いて過して吸水量を測定した。また1%食塩
水1に対し高吸水性ポリマー5gを加えて蒸留
水の場合と同様に試験した。その結果本発明品は
市販品に対して優れた吸水能があることがわかつ
た。試験結果は表−1に示した。 【表】
Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention crosslinks a copolymer of water-soluble monomers with a crosslinking agent to create a stable hydrogel that is water-insoluble, absorbs and retains water hundreds of times its own weight. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a super absorbent polymer. Conventionally, pulp products have been used to absorb and retain water. However, the amount of water absorbed by pulp is about 10 times its own weight, and the pulp itself requires a large amount to absorb and retain a large amount of water, making it extremely bulky. Also, when pressure is applied, water separates. Therefore, efforts have been made to develop superabsorbent polymers that absorb and retain large amounts of water with a small weight. This super absorbent polymer absorbs and retains several hundred times its own weight in water. Moreover, it becomes a stable gel when it absorbs water, and does not separate water even if a certain amount of pressure is applied. Such superabsorbent polymers have a wide range of uses, including disposable diapers, napkins, microbial culture media, and gardening. Examples of superabsorbent polymers that have already been developed include starch graft polymers (Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-46199) and cellulose modified products (Japanese Patent Publication No. 1989-46199).
−80376). However, if the starch graft polymer is used as a hydrogel for a long period of time, the starch may rot. Furthermore, modified cellulose has the disadvantage that it absorbs less water than cellulose. The present inventors conducted various studies to overcome these drawbacks, and as a result, they arrived at the present invention. In other words, the superabsorbent polymer of the present invention has a molar ratio of acrylic acid and acrylamide.
In the range of 70:30 to 90:10, and 70 mol% to 90 mol% of acrylic acid to caustic alkali or ammonia,
It relates to a water-insoluble superabsorbent polymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer partially neutralized with an amine and methylene bisacrylamide in an amount of 50 to 200 ppm based on the weight of acrylic acid and acrylamide. If the molar ratio of acrylic acid is less than 70 mol% and the molar ratio of acrylamide is increased, the hydrogel strength will increase, but the water absorption will decrease. Also 90% acrylic acid
If the amount exceeds mol%, the amount of water absorbed will increase, but the surface of the hydrogel will be in a semi-dissolved state, resulting in a decrease in gel strength. Furthermore, if the partial neutralization of acrylic acid is less than 70 mol%, the dissociation of the carboxyl group of acrylic acid is suppressed, resulting in a decrease in hydrophilicity and a decrease in water absorption. On the other hand, if the partial neutralization is more than 90 mol %, the surface of the hydrogel becomes semi-soluble and the amount of water absorbed decreases. methylene bisacrylamide
If it is less than 50 ppm, the water-soluble portion will increase and the surface of the hydrogel will be in a semi-dissolved state. At the same time, the gel strength also decreases. Alternatively, if more than 200 ppm of methylene bisacrylamide is added, the degree of crosslinking increases and a firm gel can be obtained, but the amount of water absorption decreases. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a superabsorbent polymer having the best range according to the present invention. In polymerizing the products of the present invention, any commonly used initiator, such as redox type or azo type, may be used, and the initiator is not limited to a specific one. The polymerization concentration is not particularly limited and can be selected within any range, but in consideration of the drying process, it is advantageous to carry out the polymerization at a concentration as high as possible. For example, it is also possible to carry out polymerization with a highly concentrated aqueous solution of about 70%, evaporate the water by the polymerization heat generated, and then directly carry it to the pulverization process without going through the drying process. Regarding the initiation temperature, since the temperature at which polymerization is initiated differs depending on the type of initiator, it is sufficient to initiate polymerization at a temperature higher than the temperature at which the initiator functions, and is not particularly limited. Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof. Example 1 28.1 g of acrylic acid and 11.9 g of acrylamide were dissolved in 179.1 g of distilled water, and atrium hydroxide was added to the solution.
10.9 g was added to partially neutralize 70 mol% of acrylic acid. Additionally, 0.003g of methylene bisacrylamide
added. 0.04 g of 22'azobis2amidinopropane hydrochloride was added as a catalyst and polymerization was carried out. Moreover, the polymerization initiation temperature was 50°C. Example 2 48.1 g of acrylic acid and 11.9 g of acrylamide were dissolved in 159 g of distilled water, and sodium hydroxide was added to this.
22.7 g was added to partially neutralize 85 mol% of acrylic acid. Additionally, 0.006g of methylene bisacrylamide
added. To this, 0.048 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.048 g of sodium bisulfite were added and polymerized.
The starting temperature was 40°C. Example 3 90.1 g of acrylic acid and 9.9 g of acrylamide were dissolved in 118.8 g of distilled water, and potassium hydroxide was added to this.
52.6 g was added to partially neutralize 75 mol% of acrylic acid. Additionally methylene bisacrylamide 0.018
g was added. To this, 0.08 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.08 g of sodium bisulfite were added for polymerization.
The starting temperature was 30°C. Example 4 48.1 g of acrylic acid and 11.9 g of acrylamide were dissolved in 252.1 g of distilled water, and 27.4 g of 29% aqueous ammonia was added to partially neutralize 70 mol% of the acrylic acid. Additionally methylene bisacrylamide 0.006
g was added. Add to this 0.048g of ammonium persulfate.
and 0.048 g of sodium bisulfite were added to polymerize.
The starting temperature was 30°C. Example 5 52.7 g of acrylic acid and 17.3 g of acrylamide were dissolved in 25 g of distilled water, and 32.8 g of potassium hydroxide was added to this.
was added to partially neutralize 80 mol% of acrylic acid. Add 0.007g of methylene bisacrylamide to this,
0.7g of 22'azobisisobutyronitrile as catalyst
10 c.c. of an acetone solution was added. This solution was placed in a box-shaped container (made of Teflon-treated glass fiber material) heated in a constant-temperature water bath at 80°C, and heated to initiate the polymerization reaction. When the polymerization reaction started, water was evaporated by the heat of polymerization generated, and a super absorbent polymer was obtained as a porous white polymerized solid with a very low water content. Example 6 17.3 g of acrylamide was dissolved in 52.7 g of acrylic acid, and 30 g of 29% ammonia water was added to partially neutralize 70 mol% of the acrylic acid. To this was added 0.007 g of methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent, and 0.7 g of 22'azobis2amidinopropane hydrochloride as a catalyst dissolved in 8 g of distilled water. This solution was placed in the aforementioned box-shaped container heated in a constant temperature water bath at 80°C and heated to initiate the polymerization reaction. When the polymerization reaction started, water was evaporated by the heat of polymerization generated, and a super absorbent polymer was obtained as a porous white polymerized solid. Example 7 21 kg of acrylic acid and 7 kg of acrylamide in distilled water
The acrylic acid was dissolved in 9.5 kg, and 12 kg of potassium hydroxide was added thereto to partially neutralize the acrylic acid. Further, 0.036 kg of methylene bisacrylamide was added to prepare an aqueous solution of mixed monomers. In the aqueous solution prepared above
22' A solution of 0.28 kg of azobisisobutyronitrile dissolved in 2 kg of acetone is mixed, and the mixture is transferred to an endless moving belt (600 to 700 mm wide) heated to 60°C.
mm, length 7 m) in a layer approximately 1 cm thick. The polymerization reaction starts quickly on the belt,
Water was evaporated by the generated polymerization heat, and at the same time as the polymerization reaction was completed, a superabsorbent polymer could be obtained as a white polymerized solid with a very low water content on the belt. Example 8 The polymers obtained in Examples 1 to 4 were dehydrated with acetone, dried, and then ground. The polymers obtained in Examples 5 to 7 were directly pulverized without going through a drying process to obtain powdered superabsorbent polymers. A water absorption capacity test was conducted comparing each of the superabsorbent polymers obtained in Examples 1 to 7 with commercially available products. The test method was to add 1 g of superabsorbent polymer to 1 part of distilled water with stirring, leave it for 1 hour, and then pass it through a 100 mesh sieve to measure the amount of water absorbed. Further, 5 g of a superabsorbent polymer was added to 1 part of 1% saline solution, and the test was conducted in the same manner as in the case of distilled water. As a result, it was found that the product of the present invention has superior water absorption ability compared to commercially available products. The test results are shown in Table-1. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 アクリル酸とアクリルアミドをモル比で70:
30〜90:10の範囲でかつアクリル酸の70モル%〜
90モル%を苛性アルカリ又はアンモニア、アミン
で部分中和した単量体と、アクリル酸とアクリル
アミドの重量に対して50〜200ppmのメチレンビ
スアクリルアミドを共重合させることを特徴とす
る高吸水性ポリマーの製造法。
1. Acrylic acid and acrylamide in a molar ratio of 70:
In the range of 30-90:10 and ~70 mol% of acrylic acid
A super absorbent polymer characterized by copolymerizing a monomer in which 90 mol% of the monomer is partially neutralized with caustic alkali, ammonia, or amine, and 50 to 200 ppm of methylene bisacrylamide based on the weight of acrylic acid and acrylamide. Manufacturing method.
JP898382A 1981-10-26 1982-01-25 Production of highly water-absorbing polymer Granted JPS58127714A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP898382A JPS58127714A (en) 1982-01-25 1982-01-25 Production of highly water-absorbing polymer
US06/460,037 US4525527A (en) 1982-01-25 1983-01-21 Production process for highly water absorbable polymer
US06/710,702 US4612250A (en) 1982-01-25 1985-03-11 Production process for highly water absorbable polymer
US06/836,103 US4618631A (en) 1982-01-25 1986-03-04 Production process for highly water absorbable polymer
US07/389,616 US4985518A (en) 1981-10-26 1989-08-04 Process for preparing water-absorbing resins

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP898382A JPS58127714A (en) 1982-01-25 1982-01-25 Production of highly water-absorbing polymer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58127714A JPS58127714A (en) 1983-07-29
JPH0323567B2 true JPH0323567B2 (en) 1991-03-29

Family

ID=11707920

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP898382A Granted JPS58127714A (en) 1981-10-26 1982-01-25 Production of highly water-absorbing polymer

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58127714A (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63118375A (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-05-23 Seitetsu Kagaku Co Ltd Water-absorptive composition
JPS63210102A (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-08-31 Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd Manufacture of highly water-absorptive polymer
JP6038001B2 (en) 2013-10-30 2016-12-07 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 Method for producing recycled pulp from used sanitary products
CN104177535A (en) * 2014-08-28 2014-12-03 无锡普爱德环保科技有限公司 Water absorbing agent for drying machine and preparation method thereof
CN105396424A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-16 成都三壹八科技有限公司 Method for preparing efficient carbon dioxide absorbing agent for vehicle
CN105396427A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-16 成都三壹八科技有限公司 Method for preparing carbon dioxide absorbing agent for vehicle
CN105396426A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-16 成都三壹八科技有限公司 Method for preparing doping type carbon dioxide absorbing agent for vehicle
JP6373918B2 (en) * 2016-09-07 2018-08-15 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 Recycled pulp
JP6567144B2 (en) * 2018-07-18 2019-08-28 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 Sanitary goods including recycled pulp

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50115185A (en) * 1974-02-12 1975-09-09
JPS582312A (en) * 1981-06-19 1983-01-07 ケミツシユ・フアブリク・ストツクハウゼン・ゲ−エムベ−ハ− Bridged copolymer and absorbent
JPS5813608A (en) * 1981-07-17 1983-01-26 Kao Corp Preparation of crosslinked ampholytic copolymer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50115185A (en) * 1974-02-12 1975-09-09
JPS582312A (en) * 1981-06-19 1983-01-07 ケミツシユ・フアブリク・ストツクハウゼン・ゲ−エムベ−ハ− Bridged copolymer and absorbent
JPS5813608A (en) * 1981-07-17 1983-01-26 Kao Corp Preparation of crosslinked ampholytic copolymer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58127714A (en) 1983-07-29

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