JPH0323268B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a welding torch that uses welding wire as a consumable electrode.

Generally, when consumable electrodes are used, power is supplied to the electrodes through contact members that come into contact with the electrodes, but since the contact members are subject to severe wear, there is a need for long-life electrodes. To deal with this, conventional
For example, those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 have been proposed. That is, first and second wear-resistant guide members 3a and 3b are arranged in an electrode passage spaced apart from each other, and one of the electrode passages between the guide members 3a and 3b has a thickness equal to or less than the electrode width. A wear-resistant guide block 3c is provided, and the electrode is held between the contact member 7' having a thickness exceeding the electrode width and the guide block 3c, and the electrode is transmitted while supplying power to the electrode 17 via the contact member 7'. Welding was carried out with the help of supplies. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, even if the contact member 7' wears out, only a deep groove is created, and welding work can be carried out without any problem.

By the way, in arc welding work, a so-called stick phenomenon often occurs in which the tip of the electrode adheres to the workpiece at the time of starting the arc or during the welding work. In this case, the contact member 7' and the electrode 17
Resistive heat generation indicated by I ² R occurs between the contact position, that is, the power supply position and the welding position of the electrode tip, and the electrode becomes extremely soft. Note that, for example, although short-circuit current is detected and the feeding of the electrode is stopped as appropriate, it is unlikely that the feeding of the electrode is stopped immediately when the tip of the electrode is welded to the object to be welded. That is, even after the tip of the electrode is welded, the electrode remains in an extremely weakened state and is fed to the workpiece to some extent. In the above case, as shown in FIG. 1, since the second wear-resistant guide member 3b is disposed at the tip of the contact member 7' and the electrode 17, The extremely weakened electrode that is fed to the workpiece side from the position is connected to the second wear-resistant guide member 3b as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.
The electrode appears to be embedded in the hole, and feeding of the electrode is often stopped in this state. Normally, the electrode tip is automatically or manually cut off due to the occurrence of the stick phenomenon, and then restarted. However, as described above, since the electrode is embedded in the hole of the second wear-resistant guide member 3b, the electrode cannot be fed toward the object to be welded. For this reason, for example, it was necessary to pinch the tip of the electrode with pliers or the like and forcibly pull the electrode in the _X1 direction to remove the inserted electrode portion. Moreover, the distance between the tip of the welding torch and the workpiece is usually 10~
Since it is selected to be about 30mm, the torch must be sufficiently retracted to pull the above electrode in the _X1 direction.
Workability was also poor. Furthermore, sintered porcelain, which has good wear resistance and heat resistance, is commonly used as guide members, but the mechanical strength of this sintered porcelain is not very high, and for this reason, as mentioned above, the sintered porcelain is When removing the electrode portion, the guide member may be damaged, which is not only economically disadvantageous, but also requires replacing the guide member, which is troublesome. Furthermore, in arc welding operations using consumable electrodes, particles of high-temperature molten metal, so-called spatter, are generally scattered, but with a welding torch having the structure shown in Figs. Since spatter enters the passage of the electrode wire and the sliding groove of the contact member through the opening, there is a risk that the feedability of the electrode wire and the movability of the contact member will be inhibited. In addition, in the above-mentioned conventional torch, it is possible to provide a cover to prevent spatter from entering the electrode wire passage and the sliding groove of the contact member, but in this case, a cover suitable for the narrow part may be manufactured. However, if a cover is provided, maintenance of the torch tip may be difficult and workability may be impaired.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks and eliminates the state in which the electrode wire is swaged. In addition, it is difficult for spatter to enter the feeding path of the electrode wire, and the power supply to the electrode wire is ensured for a long period of time. The purpose is to provide a welding torch that can be used.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. The illustrated embodiment shows a type of welding torch that performs welding by supplying shielding gas from the side of the torch body to the front of the torch while supplying power to the consumable electrode. In Figures 4 to 8, 1
2 is a torch body with a through hole 101 bored in the shaft core, and 2 is a wear-resistant guide tube detachably installed in the through hole 101. For example, a hole with a circular cross section is bored in the approximate shaft core. has been done. Reference numeral 3 denotes a wear-resistant guide member having a through hole 301 formed substantially in the axial center. For example, this guide member 3 is detachably attached to the tip of the torch body 1 via a fastener 41. . Reference numerals 51 and 52 denote first and second support members made of a highly conductive material. For example, the first support member 51 is rotatably and electrically insulatedly supported with respect to the torch body 1. In the illustrated case, the first support member 51 is pivotally supported on the torch body 1 via a pin 8 and electrically insulating bushes 9,9. The second support member 52 has an opening 521 that opens in the X direction, and is detachably supported at the end of the first support member 51. Reference numeral 6 denotes a power supply member made of a highly conductive material and having a through hole 601 formed approximately in the axial center and a bottomed hole 602 opening in the X ₂ direction.For example, this power supply member 6
is supported via the fastener 4 in the opening 521 of the second support member 52 so as to be detachable and rotatable. Note that when the power supply member 6 is attached to the second support member 52, at least the tip end of the guide member 3 in the _X1 direction is inserted into the bottomed hole 602 of the power supply member 6, and the guide member A bottomed hole 60 in the guide member 3 and the power feeding member 6 is arranged so that the guide member 3 and the power feeding member 6 can move freely in the Y direction.
2 and is appropriately spaced in the Y direction. 1st above
A contact member 7 is constituted by a support member 5 including a support member 51 and a second support member 52, a power feeding member 6, and a fastener 4. 11 is the support member 5
An adjustment screw screwed in a position in the X ₂ direction relative to the shaft support of , and between a spring support 12 rotatably supported at the end of the adjustment screw 11 and a spring support 13 loosely fitted to the torch body 1. is loaded with a compression spring 14. Note that at least one of the two spring receivers 12 and 13 is formed of an electrically insulating member. The pressurizing means 15 is constituted by the above 11 to 14. 16 is a side shield gas supply means connected to the torch body 1 via a suitable electrically insulating member. Note that a power supply device is connected to the support member 5 by appropriate means. For example, the support member 5 can be
and a power supply tool (not shown) are connected.

In the above configuration, the supporting member 5 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. The electrode wire 17 is fed in a state in which the electrode wires 17 and 17 are substantially in a straight line, and after the electrode wire 17 reaches the perforated hole 601 of the power feeding member 6, the restraint of the support member 5 is released. After that, the electrode wire 17 is fed and the contact member 7 is fed through a power feeding tool (not shown).
and side shield gas supply means 1
Welding is performed while the shielding gas is flowing out from 6.

In this case, the contact member 7 is pressed by the pressure means 15.
Since it is biased in the _Y1 direction, the tip of the contact member 7 rotates clockwise in FIG. 4 and comes into contact with the electrode wire 17. That is, the electrode wire 1 is fed in the _X1 direction by a feeding device (not shown).
7 is restrained by the guide member 3 and the contact member 7
is fed to the welding position while being in sliding contact with the tip member of the power supply member 6, that is, the power supply member 6. Incidentally, as welding progresses, the portion of the power feeding member 6 corresponding to the power feeding position gradually wears out, but since the power feeding member 6 supported by the supporting member 5 is urged in the _Y1 direction by the pressurizing means 15, Regardless of the wear of the power feeding member 6, the power feeding member 6 and the electrode wire 17 are always in contact with each other to ensure reliable power feeding. Furthermore, as the welding progresses, the through hole 601 of the power supply member 6 gradually wears in the Y ₂ direction, so that the lower part of the through hole 601, that is, the Y ₁
A space is created in the direction. As this space becomes larger, spatter generated during arc welding may fly in the X ₂ direction, but during welding work the electrode wire 1
7 is always fed in the _X1 direction, the sputter is fed through the through hole 601 along with the feeding of the electrode wire 17.
carried outward from the lower space of the Moreover, through hole 6
Approximately semicircular part in _Y2 direction of 01 is electrode wire 1
Since power is supplied while being in constant sliding contact with 7,
Spatter cannot enter this power supply part. In this way, there is no possibility that the spatter will have a negative effect on the power supply state, and since the tip of the guide member 3 is inserted into and covered with the bottomed hole 602 of the contact member 7, the sputter will not affect the electrode. It is difficult to enter the feeding path of the wire 17. In this way, spatter does not impede the feedability of the electrode wire or deteriorate the power supply condition, and even if the contact members are slightly worn, welding can be performed in the same state as the initial state, so welding can be performed for a long time. Uniform welding can be performed over the entire area. In addition, when the power supply member 6 is appropriately worn in the _Y2 direction, the position of the power supply member 6 with respect to the support member 5 is rotated appropriately by operating the fastener 4, for example, by rotating it by 90 degrees. After that, the power feeding member 6 is positioned again using the fastening tool 4. By the above operation,
The power feeding member 6 can be used effectively and can be used for a long life.

Note that when the tip of the electrode wire is welded to the workpiece at the time of arc start or during welding work, the electrode wire is fed to the workpiece to some extent as described above. In this case, the torch according to the present invention is
As described above, since the contact member 7 can be rotated as appropriate about the pin 8, no problem will occur. Further, unlike conventional torches, a wear-resistant guide member is not disposed closer to the object to be welded than the power supply position, so that the melting electrode does not become swamped as in conventional torches. Therefore, when the electrode wire is welded to the object to be welded, the welding operation can be restarted immediately by simply cutting the tip of the electrode wire appropriately.

9 to 11 are views showing other embodiments of the present invention, in which a cylindrical body 18 is disposed from the base side of the torch body 1 to the tip end. In the illustrated case, the cylindrical body 18 is divided into an appropriate number of parts in the X direction. The second support member 52 is rotatably supported by the cylindrical body 18 via, for example, insulating bushes 9, 9. A first support member 51 is integrally fixed to the pin 8 that protrudes to the outside of the cylindrical body 18 . The first support member 51 is biased by the pressure means 15, so that the support member 5 is rotated clockwise in FIG. In the illustrated case, the welding torch is appropriately supported by a mounting member 22 via an insulating member 21 disposed on the _X2 direction side of the torch body 1. A shielding gas supply port 19 is provided on the base side of the cylindrical body 18, and welding is performed while supplying shielding gas from this supply port 19. In the illustrated case, the guide member 3 is screwed onto the end of the torch body 1.
Further, the power supply member 6 is fastened to the end of the support member 5 via a fastener 4, in the illustrated case, a cap nut 4, so that the rotational position can be freely set. In this case, the support member 5
If an axial slit is provided at the end in the _X1 direction of the power supply member 6, the effect of fastening the power supply member 6 will be further improved.

12 to 16 are views showing still another embodiment of the present invention, in which a flange portion 102 is provided on the base side of the torch body 1, and insulating members 23 and 24 of an appropriate shape are disposed on the base side of the torch body 1. The flange portion 102 is held between the power supply connection terminal 53 and the intermediate member 54 via the power supply connection terminal 53 and the intermediate member 54 . The support member 5 that supports the power supply member 6 and the intermediate member 54 are connected by a flexible connecting member 55,
For example, they are connected by a braided wire formed in a cylindrical shape. Also, a cylindrical body 18 consisting of 181 to 184
is supported on the base side of the torch body 1 so as to cover the intermediate member 54, the flexible connecting member 55, and the contact member 7. Further, the support member 5 is rotatably supported by the cylindrical body 18. For example, the 13th
As shown in the figure, a second cylindrical body 182 is formed of an electrically insulating member, and this second cylindrical body 182
and support member 5 are rotationally supported by pins 8. Reference numeral 15 denotes a pressurizing means, for example, one end of a leaf spring 15 is supported by the torch body 1, and the other end of the leaf spring 15 is in contact with an electrically insulating member 25 disposed on the support member 5. The contact member 7 is urged counterclockwise in FIG. 12 with the pin 8 as the center of rotation by the pressing means 15. Reference numeral 26 denotes a stopper made of an electrically insulating member, which prevents the contact member 7 from rotating more than necessary in the _Y2 direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, the support member 5
An axial slit 502 is provided at the end in the _X1 direction, and the power feeding member 6 is fastened to the power supply member 6 so as to be able to rotate and set the position freely by a fastener 4 that can contract the slit 502 portion. Furthermore, the stopper 26 and the second
The pin 8 may be formed integrally with the cylindrical body 182, or the pin 8 may be formed of an electrically insulating member, or the first and third cylindrical bodies disposed before and after the second cylindrical body 182 may
The cylindrical bodies 181 and 183 may each be formed of an electrically insulating member. Furthermore, the tip of the guide member 3 is fitted into and covered by the bottomed opening 602 of the contact member 7, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 9.

Figures 9 to 11 or Figures 12 to 16
As shown in the figure, if the so-called center shield type is used, which supplies shielding gas and electrodes inside the cylindrical body, most of the spatter will be blocked by the cylindrical body, and the cylindrical body will Even if spatters fly from the opening of the body, the tip of the guide member 3 is covered by the bottomed hole 602 of the contact member 7, so the spatters will not enter the electrode wire feeding path. Moreover, since power is supplied while the contact member and the electrode wire are constantly in sliding contact using the pressurizing means, welding can be performed for a long time regardless of wear of the power supply member, and automatic welding is possible. Particularly effective at times.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, if the plane including the axis of the torch body and the axis of the side shield gas supply means is configured to be substantially orthogonal to the rotating surface of the contact member, the contact member The side shield gas supply means does not get in the way when the contact member is rotated, and therefore the contact member can be easily replaced. In spite of this, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIGS. 4 and 5, the plane including the axis of the torch body and the axis of the side shield gas supply means is approximately parallel or parallel to the rotating surface of the contact member. If configured to match, the space required for the welding torch in the Z direction can be reduced, and is therefore suitable for welding objects with small dimensions in the Z direction, for example, a narrow gap. Furthermore, among the configurations shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a welding torch without the side shield gas supply means is suitable for so-called no-gas welding or submerged arc welding.

In the above, the guide tube may be a substantially cylindrical body made of a wire having an appropriate shape, such as a round or rectangular cross section. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the electrode may be non-circular, for example, rectangular.

Furthermore, the outer periphery of the guide tube is coated or coated with an electrically insulating material to form a consumable electrode 1.
7 and the torch body 1 are preferably electrically insulated. Furthermore, if a guide tube is installed,
By replacing the guide tube with a new one as the guide tube wears out, the electrode wire can be guided smoothly.Moreover, if the guide tube, guide member, and power supply member are configured to be removable, they can be replaced as appropriate. By replacing the torch with one having a through hole for the electrode wire, it is possible to realize a welding torch that is compatible with electrode wires of various shapes. Despite this, the guide tube can be omitted. Further, if the pressure means is disposed inside the contact member as shown in FIGS. 12 to 16, it is advantageous to prevent spatter from adhering to the pressure means.

If the spring member, which is the pressurizing means, is arranged on the _X2 direction side of the shaft support of the contact member, the effect of welding heat on the spring member will be small, and the tip of the welding torch will not be bulky, so the welded part It is easy to observe, and the pressure force can be easily adjusted. However, in spite of this, the spring member can also be arranged closer to the tip of the welding torch than the shaft support of the contact member. Furthermore, it is advantageous to simply use a spring member as the pressurizing means because it can make the welding torch compact and inexpensive; however, in spite of this, connecting a link mechanism to the contact member,
This can be biased by a spring member to constitute a pressurizing means, or a hydraulic cylinder can be used. Of course, the pressurizing means shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 can be made into a single pressure means. Note that if the torch body, supporting member, contact member, cylindrical body, etc. are appropriately forcibly cooled, each part of the torch will not become hot, making it easy to handle the torch and allowing the torch to be used for a long time. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 16, if the connecting member that connects the support member 5, that is, the contact member 7 and the intermediate member 54 is a cylindrical flexible connecting member, the contact member Since the torch body 1 is covered by the contact member 7 and the flexible connecting member 55, there is no risk of an electrical short circuit between the contact member 7 and the torch body 1 due to spatter. In the embodiment of the present invention, if the guide member is fixed and the contact member is urged toward the electrode wire by the pressure means, the electrode wire is restrained by the guide member, so that power can be supplied despite wear of the contact member. This is done in steady state and the aiming position of the electrode wire is not changed.

Although various embodiments of the present invention have been shown above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Various modifications can be made by appropriately combining each part of the above embodiment or replacing each part with an equivalent member.

As described above, according to the first invention, the contact member can be rotated as appropriate, and the through hole 60
Since the perforated contact member 1 is made of a conductive material, when the electrode tip is welded to the object to be welded, there is no situation where the molten electrode becomes swamped as in the conventional case. Therefore, during welding, simply cutting the tip of the electrode allows welding to be restarted while feeding the electrode, resulting in good work efficiency. In addition, since the tip of the guide member 3 is inserted into and covered with the bottomed hole 602 of the contact member 7, spatter is difficult to enter the electrode wire feeding path, and moreover, the electrode wire is connected to the electrode wire by the pressurizing means. Since power is supplied while being in constant sliding contact with the contact member, spatters cannot enter the power supply section, and there is no risk of spatters interfering with the feeding performance of the electrode wire or deteriorating the power supply condition. . Furthermore, since power is supplied while the electrode wire and the contact member are constantly in sliding contact with each other due to the pressurizing means, the power can be supplied reliably, and the replacement interval of the contact member is longer, resulting in uniform welding over a long period of time. It is particularly suitable for automatic welding. Furthermore, since the power supply member is fastened to the end of the support member via a fastener so that its rotational position can be set freely, the position of the power supply member can be adjusted by rotation when the power supply member wears out appropriately. This allows welding to be carried out in substantially the same condition as a new power supply member, and therefore the power supply member can be used for a long time. Also, according to the second invention, the first invention
In addition to the effects of the above invention, since the shielding gas supplied by the side shielding gas supply means shields the vicinity of the welding part from the outside air, gas shielded arc welding can be performed with a stable arc and high precision. Furthermore, according to the third invention, in addition to the effects of the first invention, since the base side of the torch is covered by the cylindrical body, most of the spatter can be blocked by the cylindrical body, and the tip of the torch can be blocked by the cylindrical body. Since there is no directionality in the part, it is effective for automatic welding equipment that freely controls the position of the tip of the torch, especially for welding robots.
Furthermore, according to the fourth invention, in addition to the effect of the third invention, since the contact member is biased toward the electrode wire side, power is supplied in a steady state regardless of wear of the power supply member, and moreover, the contact member is biased toward the electrode wire side. Since the target position is approximately constant, welding can be performed reliably.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of a main part showing a conventional example, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a state explanatory diagram of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention. Front sectional view, Figure 5 is a plan view of Figure 4, Figures 6 to 8
The figures are - line, - line and - line of Fig. 4, respectively.
A line sectional view, FIGS. 9 and 12 are front sectional views showing other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway plan view of the figure; FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line XI-XI of FIG. 10; FIGS.
The figures are - lines and - lines in Fig. 12, respectively.
It is a line, - line sectional view. 1...Torch body, 3...Guide member, 4...
... Fastener, 5 ... Support member, 6 ... Power supply member,
7... Contact member, 15... Pressurizing means, 16... Side shield gas supply means, 17... Electrode wire, 18... Cylindrical body, 19... Shield gas supply port, 55... Flexibility connection member.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rod-shaped first support member pivotally attached to the torch body is provided with pressure means using a spring, and a cylindrical second support member is connected to the tip of the first support member. , a bottomed power feeding member is connected to the second support member so as to be rotatably positioned; and a through hole for a consumable electrode wire is provided in the bottomed portion of the power feeding member; Each support member constitutes a contact member, and at least the tip of a guide member that guides the electrode wire in the torch main body is covered by the power supply member, and
The tip of the guide member is configured to be tiltable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the electrode wire by the contact member, and the electrode wire at the tip of the guide member is moved substantially perpendicular to the axis by the tilting of the power feeding member by the pressurizing means. A welding torch characterized by being biased in the direction of 2. The rod-shaped first support member pivotally attached to the torch body is equipped with a pressure means using a spring, and a cylindrical second support member is connected to the tip of the first support member, and the second support member is connected to the tip of the first support member. A bottomed power feeding member is connected to the power feeding member so as to be able to rotate and position freely, and a through hole for a consumable electrode wire is provided in the bottomed portion of the power feeding member, and a contact member is formed between the power feeding member and each supporting member. and covering at least a distal end portion of a guide member that guides an electrode wire in the torch body with the power supply member,
The tip of the guide member is configured to be tiltable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the electrode wire by the contact member, and the electrode wire at the tip of the guide member is moved substantially perpendicular to the axis by the tilting of the power feeding member by the pressurizing means. A welding torch characterized in that a side shield gas supply means is disposed in the torch body to bias the welding torch in the direction of the welding torch and to supply shielding gas to the front of the welding torch. 3 A cylindrical body that covers the tip from the base of the torch body is provided, a rod-shaped first support member is connected to a pressurizing means using a spring provided on the cylindrical body, and the tip of the first support member and the cylindrical body are connected to each other. A second support member having a shape of a shape is fixed together with a pin, a bottomed power supply member is connected to the second support member so as to be rotatable and can be rotated, and a consumable part is attached to the bottomed part of the power supply member. A through hole is provided for the electrode wire, the power feeding member and each supporting member constitute a contact member, and at least the tip of the guide member that guides the electrode wire in the torch body is covered by the power feeding member; At the tip of the guide member, the contact member is configured to tilt the power feeding member in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the electrode wire, and the electrode wire at the tip of the guide member is tilted by the pressure means to tilt the power feeding member. 1. A welding torch which is biased in a direction substantially perpendicular to an axis and has a shielding gas supply port to the inner part of the cylindrical body provided on the base side of the cylindrical body. 4. A cylindrical body is provided that covers the tip part from the base of the torch body, and a bottomed power supply member is connected to a cylindrical first support member provided in the cylindrical body so as to be rotatably set; The first support member is connected to a power supply connection terminal disposed on the base side of the torch main body by a flexible connecting member, and the torch main body is provided with a pressing means using a spring that presses the first support member, A guide member is provided with a through hole for a consumable electrode wire in the bottomed part of the power supply member, the power supply member and the first support member constitute a contact member, and the guide member guides the electrode wire within the torch body. At least the distal end portion is covered by the bottomed power feeding member, and the power feeding member is configured to be tiltable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the electrode wire by the contact member at the distal end of the guide member, and the pressing means The electrode wire at the tip of the guide member is biased in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the guide member by the tilting of the power supply member, and a seed gas supply port to the inner part of the cylindrical body is arranged on the base side of the cylindrical body. A welding torch characterized by: