JPS6116556B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electric arc torch having a non-consumable electrode disposed at the tip of the torch body.

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, workpieces are welded or cut by generating an electric arc between a non-consumable electrode and a workpiece or a torch nozzle.
For example, a conventional electric arc torch used for welding
As shown in FIG. 1, the collet 8 is placed inside the torch body 1, and the collet holder 9 screwed onto the end of the torch body 1 is moved in the _X2 direction to move the collet 8 in the _X2 direction.
By moving the collet in the direction, the truncated conical convex surface 801 provided at the tip of the collet comes into contact with the conical concave surface 1a of the torch main body 1, and the radial direction generated by the engagement between the conical convex surface and the concave surface The non-consumable electrode 10 is fixed to the collet 8 by reducing the diameter of the tip of the collet 8 having a slit 802 extending in the axial direction by the component force. In this case, when the collect presser 9 is moved in the _X1 direction, the fixed relationship between the non-consumable electrode 10 and the torch body 1 is released, but if there is, for example, a workpiece to be welded near the electric arc torch in the _X2 direction. When the non-consumable electrode is present, it is not possible to attach or detach the non-consumable electrode to the electric arc torch, and therefore the non-consumable electrode is attached or detached after the electric arc torch is moved in the _X1 direction. However, it is troublesome to move the electric arc torch in the X direction each time a non-consumable electrode is attached or detached, and this has the drawback of reducing production efficiency because it increases the working time. There is also an electric arc torch in which a non-consumable electrode is supported by an electrode support member screwed onto one end of the torch body, and the electrode support member and non-consumable electrode are moved integrally in the X direction. This torch had the following drawbacks. That is, although the electrode is said to be non-consumable, in reality it gradually wears out, so the electrode support member must be moved in the direction of the welding position in accordance with the amount of wear.
Additionally, this non-consumable electrode is relatively expensive;
It is used until it is as short as possible, as long as it can be welded. In order to effectively use non-consumable electrodes in this way, it is necessary to make the electrode support member longer, and the female screw threaded into the torch body also needs to be longer. The overall length of the torch was long and workability was poor. In addition, in this case, since the welding current is supplied to the non-consumable electrode via the electrode support member, the non-consumable electrode becomes hot due to resistance heat generation of the non-consumable electrode, which generates heat at the end of the non-consumable electrode. The arc heat generated accelerates the wear of non-consumable electrodes. In conventional electric arc torches in which a non-consumable electrode is supported on an electrode support member screwed onto one end of the torch body, the non-consumable electrode wears out quickly, making it uneconomical. It was inefficient because it was necessary to adjust the electrode in the axial direction quite frequently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric arc torch having a non-consumable electrode which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, 1 is a torch body, and this torch body has a small diameter hole 101 provided approximately at the axial center, and a part of the inner surface provided at the end of the small diameter hole 101 in the _X1 direction. A large diameter hole 103 having a female thread 102 on the side thereof, and a large diameter hole 105 provided at the end of the small diameter hole 101 on the X ₂ direction side and having a female thread 104 on a part of the inner surface, and opening in the X ₂ direction. The inner surface of the end portion of the large diameter hole 105 is formed into a conical shape. Further, the torch body 1 is provided with a gas supply port 106 that communicates with the small diameter hole 101. Reference numeral 2 denotes a torch body end member having a hole 201 having the same diameter as the small diameter hole 101 of the torch body and forming a hollow part together with the small diameter hole ₁₀₁ . Male screw 2 screwed into screw 104
Male thread 20 to which the nozzle (denoted as 02) is attached
3 is provided. Furthermore, these screws 202,
203 can be formed continuously. Near the end of the torch main body end member 2 in the X ₂ direction, an inclined hole 204 whose diameter becomes smaller in the X ₂ direction is provided so as to be continuous with the hole ₂₀₁ . The directional end portion opens in the _X2 direction through an electrode insertion hole 205 into which the non-consumable electrode 10 is loosely fitted. The torch body member 2 is also provided with a gas outlet 206 that communicates the hole 201 with the outside. 3 is a nozzle such as a ceramic nozzle, and the end member 2 of the torch body is attached to the inner circumference of the end in the _X1 direction of this nozzle.
A female thread 301 is provided to be screwed into the male thread 203 of the torch body 1, and a conical surface 302 is provided on the outer periphery of the end in the _X1 direction to fit into a conical surface provided at the end of the large diameter hole 105 in the _X2 direction of the torch body 1. It is formed. The inner diameter of the nozzle 3 is formed larger than the outer diameter of the torch body end member 2, and when the nozzle 3 is attached to the end member 2 attached to the torch body 1 as shown in the figure, there is a gap between the nozzle 3 and the end member 2. A gas flow path 4 is formed.

A collector holder 5 is also attached to the torch body 1. The collet receiver 5 includes a head 501 that fits into the large diameter hole 103 of the torch body, and a
The head 5 has a cylindrical portion 502 extending in the _X2 direction.
The screw 503 provided on the outer periphery of the large diameter hole 10
It is screwed into the female screw 102 of No. 3. Head 501
An O-ring 6 is disposed between the outer periphery of the torch and the inner surface of the large-diameter hole 103, and this O-ring maintains airtightness between the torch body and the collet receiver. The cylindrical portion 502 of the collet receiver 5 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the small diameter hole 101, and is provided so as to extend concentrically in the _X2 direction inside the small diameter hole 101. A frustoconical convex surface 504 that fits into the inclined hole 204 of the end member 2 is provided on the outer periphery of the end in the _X2 direction of the cylindrical portion 502 of the collet receiver 5.
4 is provided, and the engagement of this frustoconical convex portion 504 with the inclined hole 204 causes the cylindrical portion 502 to form the small diameter hole 1.
01. With the cylindrical portion 502 positioned in this way, the cylindrical portion 502
A gas passage 7 is formed between 02 and the small diameter hole 101, and this gas passage 7 communicates with a gas supply port 106 and a gas discharge port 206. Therefore, the shielding gas supplied from the gas supply port 106 is supplied to the workpiece side such as the workpiece to be welded through the gas passages 7 and 4. The collet receiver 5 is formed hollow, and an inclined hole 505 whose diameter decreases in the X ₂ direction is provided inside the end of the cylindrical portion 502 in the X ₂ direction. Further, an electrode insertion hole 506 aligned with the electrode insertion hole 205 of the end member 2 is provided at the end of the collet receiver 5 in the _X2 direction. A female screw 507 is provided on the inner surface of the end of the collet receiver 5 in the _X1 direction.
A collet presser 9 is fitted into the collet 7. The collet presser 9 engages with the end of the collet 8 in the _X1 direction and presses the collet.
As shown in FIG. 3, the collet 8 has a truncated conical convex portion 801 at the end in the X ₂ direction, and near the end in the X ₂ direction where the truncated conical convex portion is provided _, It has a plurality of slits 802, 802, . The collet 8 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 502 so that its frustoconical convex portion 801 engages with the inclined hole 505 of the collet receiver 5, and is pressed in the _X2 direction by the collet holder 9. It's summery. Reference numerals 11, 11, and 11 are insulating members, and these insulating members are attached so as to appropriately cover the torch body 1, the outwardly exposed portions of the collet receiver 5, and the outwardly exposed portions of the collet holder 9. ing.

When using the above-mentioned torch, as shown in FIG.
The non-consumable electrode 10 is inserted into the through hole of the collector ₈ , and the non-consumable electrode 10 is inserted into the through hole of the collector 8. When the collect holder 9 is screwed in the _X2 direction with the non-consumable electrode 10 projecting an appropriate length from the collector holder 5, the collect 8 is pushed by the collect holder 9 and moves in the _X2 direction. When the collect presser 9 is further screwed in the X ₂ direction after the end of the collet in the X ₂ direction is engaged with the inclined hole 505, the truncated conical convex portion 801 of the collet moves along the inclined hole 505 in the X ₂ direction. In order to move to
The diameter of the end of the collet 8 in the _X2 direction is reduced, and the non-consumable electrode 10 is held between the collet 8 and the collet 8. Next, after screwing the torch body end member 2 to the end of the torch body 1 in the X ₂ direction, the collet receiver 5 is inserted into the small diameter hole 101 of the torch body from the X ₁ direction, and the conical protrusion 504 and the inclined The collet receiver 5 is screwed in the _X2 direction until it comes into close contact with the hole 204. In this state or with the nozzle 3 attached to the torch body 1, the position of the non-consumable electrode 10 is adjusted. That is, when adjusting the position of the non-consumable electrode 10 in the X ₁ direction or _the X ₂ direction, the collect presser 9 is screwed in the 10 is moved a predetermined distance in the _X1 direction or the _X2 direction, and the collect holder 9 is again screwed in the _X2 direction to hold the non-consumable electrode 10 between the collects 8 and position it.
During welding, shielding gas is supplied from the gas supply port 106 to the welding area through the gas passages 7 and 4. In addition, power is supplied along the path of torch body 1 → torch body end member 2 → collet receiver 5 → collet 8 → non-consumable electrode 10, and welding is performed by an arc generated between non-consumable electrode 10 and the workpiece to be welded. .

When attaching a new non-consumable electrode 10 to the torch shown in Fig. 2, even if there is an object to be welded in front of the torch body 1 (in the X ₂ direction), the entire torch must be moved in the X ₁ direction. Since the non-consumable electrode 10 can be replaced without any trouble, the work time is shortened and the non-consumable electrode can be used even when the length is short. By the non-consumable electrode 10
Direction adjustment work is easy. That is, in order to repair the non-consumable electrode 10 in a state where each part of the torch is assembled as shown in _FIG . Spiral 5. In this case, while the collet 8 held by the collet holder 9 holds the non-consumable electrode 10, the collet receiver 5, the collet 8, the collet holder 9, and the non-consumable electrode 10 move together in the _X1 direction. do.
Therefore, the non-consumable electrode 10 can be replaced while the torch body 1 is fixed in the X direction. Of course, if the collector holder 9 is screwed forward in _{the X1} direction in the state shown in FIG. sex electrode 1
0 position can be adjusted as appropriate, and in this state, the non-consumable electrode 10 can be set at an arbitrary position by screwing the collect holder 9 again in the _X2 direction. In addition, even though the collet receiver 5 and the non-consumable electrode 10 are movable in the X direction at the same time, since power is supplied to the non-consumable electrode 10 near the welding part, resistance heat generation of the non-consumable electrode 10 due to the welding current occurs. is small, so the non-consumable electrode 10 does not wear out easily.

Further, the collet receiver 5 is attached to the hollow part of the torch body 1, and the truncated conical convex portion 504 of the collet receiver 5 is brought into contact with the inclined hole 204 formed inwardly inside the torch body end member 2. Therefore, almost no spatter enters into the hole 201 inside the torch body 1. Further, since the inclined hole 204 is formed so that the diameter gradually increases from one end to the other end, even if spatters enter, the spatters will not interfere with the removal of the collet receiver 5. .

FIGS. 4 and 5 are diagrams showing another embodiment. In this embodiment, in addition to the collet 8, a second collet 12 is provided, and this second collet is connected to the collet receiver 51 and the torch. Main body end member 2
It is disposed within the torch body 1 between the The end face 51a of the collet receiver 51 in the _X2 direction is formed to be substantially perpendicular to the axis of the torch body, and the end face of this collet receiver engages with the end face of the second collet ₁₂ in the of the main body
Torch body end member 2 attached to the end in the X ₂ direction
It is adapted to be pressed toward the inclined hole 204 of. In addition, a plurality of convex portions 51b that engage with the inner surface of the small diameter hole 101 of the torch body are radially provided on the outer periphery of the collet receiver 51 near the end in the _X2 direction, and these convex portions 51b allow the collet receiver 51 to be attached to the torch body. are positioned concentrically.

A hole 108 smaller in diameter than the small diameter hole is formed at one end of the small diameter hole 101 in the torch body 1, and a hollow portion is formed by this hole 108, the small diameter hole 101, and the hole 201 in the torch body end member 2. There is.

When using the torch shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the truncated conical convex portion 80 of the collet 8
The collector is inserted into the collector receiver 51 so that the collector 8 is oriented in the _X2 direction, and the non-consumable electrode 10 is inserted into the through hole of the collector 8. With the non-consumable electrode 10 fully protruding from the collector holder 51 in the X ₂ direction, the collet holder 9 is screwed in the X ₂ direction to unite the collect 8, the collet holder 9, the collet holder 51, and the non-consumable electrode 10. to hold. Next, the truncated conical convex portion 12a of the second collet 12 and the inclined hole 204 of the torch body end member 2 are inserted inwardly into the torch body end member 2 screwed onto the end of the torch body 1 in the _X2 direction. After inserting the second collet 12 so that they are opposed to each other, the collect receiver 51 and the non-consumable electrode 10, which are integrally held, are inserted from the end of the torch body 1 in the _{X1 direction toward the X2 direction} , Further, the collet receiver 51, which is screwed into the _X1 direction end of the torch body 1, is screwed in the _X2 direction. In this case, when the collet receiver 51 moves in the _X2 direction, the inner diameter of the end in the _X2 direction of the second collet 12, which is restrained by the collet receiver 51 and the torch body end member 2, is reduced, and the non-consumable electrode 10 is clamped by a second collect 12. In this state or with nozzle 3 further attached to this state,
When adjusting the position of the non-consumable electrode 10 in the X direction, hold down the collect holder 9 and the collect receiver 51.
After the non-consumable electrode 10 is released from being held by the collect 8 and the second collect 12 by screwing it in the X ₁ direction, the non-consumable electrode 10 is rotated in the X ₁ direction or the X ₂ direction.
The non-consumable electrode 10 is held by moving the non-consumable electrode 10 by a predetermined distance in the X2 direction and again screwing the collect holder 9 and the collect receiver 51 in the _X2 direction.

In this way, the torch shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has the convex portion 51a disposed near the end of the collet receiver 51 in the _X2 direction, so that the collet receiver 5
The non-consumable electrode 10 held between the first collector 1 and the second collect 8 is located approximately at the axial center of the torch body 1, and the non-consumable electrode 10 is held between the second collect 8 and the second collect 12. Therefore, the positioning of the non-consumable electrode 10 is very reliable. Furthermore, since two collets 8 and 12 are provided, and the second collet with a smaller diameter can be inserted into the torch body end member 2, the outer diameters of the torch body end member and the nozzle can be made smaller. can. Therefore, it is easy to observe the welding position, and the nozzle 3
Since the shape of the welded object is not restricted by the position of the end in the _X2 direction, it is particularly suitable for fillet welding. Furthermore, since the welding current is transmitted to the non-consumable electrode 10 via the torch body 1 → the torch body end member 2 → the second collect 12, the collet 8 and the collet receiver 51 are made of a relatively poor conductive material, such as To increase the mechanical strength of the collet 8 and the collet receiver 51 by using iron or an iron alloy, or by applying appropriate surface treatment to increase the mechanical strength, thereby extending the life of the parts. I can do it.

6 and 7 are views showing a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. In this embodiment, the collet receiver 52 is composed of a collet receiver member 521 and a collet receiver presser member 522. The collector holding member 522 has a female thread 5 that is screwed into a male thread 107 provided on the outer periphery of the torch body 1.
23, and this female screw 523 is screwed into a screw on the outer periphery of the end in the _X1 direction of the collet receiving member 521.
It holds 1. Also, the hole 10 of the torch body 1
1' is formed into a square hole near the end in the _X1 direction, and the collet receiving member 521 is formed to fit into this square hole so that the collet receiving member 521 can be slid only in the axial direction. It is restrained to the torch body 1. (See FIG. 7.) Furthermore, the collet 8 is pressed in the _X2 direction by a collet presser 9 via a spring.

With this configuration, when the collet receiving member 521 is moved in the _X2 direction by the collet receiving and pressing member 522, the collet receiving member 521 does not rotate, and therefore the second collect 12
Since the second collet 12 is moved only in the _X2 direction without rotating, damage to the contact surface due to friction between the truncated conical convex portion 12a and the inclined hole 204 can be prevented when the second collet 12 rotates. I can do it. In addition, since the collet 8 is always pressed in the _X2 direction by the spring, even if the collet holder 9 accidentally moves in the _X1 direction, the non-consumable electrode 10 will not be immediately released from its hold and will be securely secured. A consumable electrode 10 is retained.

8 to 10 are views showing another embodiment of the present invention which is a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. It is composed of. Further, a groove 103a extending parallel to the axis is provided in the large diameter hole 103 of the torch body, and the pin 13 screwed onto the collet receiving member 531 is fitted into this groove 103a.
is restrained to the torch body 1 so as to be slidable only in the axial direction. In addition, a freely rolling ball 14 is disposed on the collet holder 9 so as to be pressed outward, and this spherical body is pressed against the collet holding member 5.
When the collet retainer 9 is engaged with the recess 15 provided in the collet retainer 532, the collet retainer 9 is held at a predetermined position on the collet receiving retainer 532. The collet 8 _is held by a spring held by the collet presser 9
The collet 8 is restrained so as to be slidable in the axial direction relative to the collet receiving member 531. (See FIG. 10) Furthermore, in the illustrated case, the torch body end member 2, which should be disposed on the _X2 direction side of the torch body 1, is integrally constructed with the torch body 1.

By arranging the rotatable sphere on the collet presser 9 in this way, the position of the collet presser 9 in the X direction can be performed with one touch. In addition, since the collet 8 is always pressed in the _X2 direction by a spring secured to the collet holder 9, the non-consumable electrode 10 is reliably held. Also collection 8
Since the collet receiving member 531 does not rotate and moves only in the axial direction, the conical convex portions at the tips of the collet 8 and the second collet 12, and the inclined holes connected to the conical convex portions Damage to each contact surface can be prevented. Furthermore, if the torch body 1 and the torch body end member ₂ are constructed integrally, the outer diameter of the end of the torch body 1 in the It is easy to observe and is particularly suitable for fillet welding.

In FIG. 8, a protective cover is provided at the end of the torch body ₁ in the The structure is such that unnecessary external force does not act on the presser foot 9 and the collector holding member 532. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a water cooling passage is provided in the torch body 1 to prevent each part of the torch from being overheated. Although it is preferable to provide these protective covers and water cooling structures, they are not essential requirements. Also, collect 8 and collect presser 9
Although they can be integrated, it is easier to manufacture them if they are constructed separately. The collets 8, 12 may also be divided in the axial direction. However, if the parts are divided into two or more parts, the parts may be lost, so it is preferable to form a groove at one end with a slit instead of completely dividing the parts as shown in FIG.

Although various embodiments of the present invention have been shown above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and can be modified in various ways by appropriately combining the parts of the above embodiments or replacing them with equivalent members. Variations can be made. Of course, it can be used not only for welding but also for cutting.

As described above, according to the present invention, even if there is an object to be welded in front of the torch body (in the X ₂ direction), it is possible to move the torch body in the X ₁ direction without moving the entire torch in the X ₁ direction. The work is easy because the consumable electrode can be replaced, and the position of the tip of the non-consumable electrode can be easily adjusted by operating the parts on the _X1 side of the torch body. Since power is supplied to the non-consumable electrode near the welding part, there is an advantage that the resistance heat generation of the non-consumable electrode due to the welding current is small, and therefore the non-consumable electrode is not easily consumed.

In addition, the collet receiver is attached to the hollow part of the torch body, and the truncated conical convex part of the collet receiver is in contact with the inclined hole formed inwardly on the inside of the end member of the torch body. Almost no spatter enters the inner hole. In addition, since the inclined hole in the end member of the torch body is formed so that the diameter gradually increases from one end to the other, even if spatters enter, the spatters will prevent removal of the collet holder. Never. Therefore, the collet receiver can be easily removed after welding work.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a conventional electric arc torch, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a collet used in the embodiment of Figs. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are sectional views taken along the - line and X--X line in FIG. 8, respectively. 1...Torch main body, 2...Torch main body end member,
204... Inclined hole, 3... Nozzle, 5, 51, 5
2, 53... Collet receiver, 504... Conical convex portion, 505... Inclined hole, 8, 12... Collet,
12a...Truncated conical convex portion, 9...Collection holder, 10...Non-consumable electrode.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A hole at approximately the axial center of a collet, which has a truncated conical convex portion at one end and a slit extending in the axial direction from the truncated conical convex portion toward the other end. In an electric arc torch, the non-consumable electrode is fixed to the torch body by inserting the non-consumable electrode into the torch body and reducing the diameter of the hole at the substantially axial center portion on the side of the truncated conical convex portion of the collet. A torch body end member having a hole in the core and an inclined hole substantially corresponding to the convex portion of the collet formed inside is integrally disposed at one end of the torch body and communicates with the inclined hole. A hollow part is formed in the axial direction of the collet, a hole is bored approximately at the axial center, and an inclined hole corresponding to the convex part of the collet is disposed inside one end part, and the outer peripheral part of the end part is provided with a slanted hole substantially corresponding to the convex part of the collector. A collet receiver is provided with a truncated conical convex portion, and the collet receiver and the collet inserted into the hole at the approximate axial center of the collet receiver are movable in the axial direction separately within the hollow portion of the torch body. An electric arc torch, characterized in that the convex portion of the collet holder is pressed into an inclined hole of the end member of the torch main body. 2. The electric arc torch according to claim 1, wherein the collet is movable only in the axial direction. 3. The electric arc torch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the collet receiver is movable only in the axial direction. 4. A non-consumable electrode is inserted into a hole approximately at the axial center of the collet, which has a truncated conical convex portion at one end and a slit extending in the axial direction from the truncated conical convex portion toward the other end. In an electric arc torch in which the non-consumable electrode is fixed to the torch body by inserting the non-consumable electrode into the torch body and reducing the diameter of the hole at the approximate axial center on the side of the truncated conical convex portion of the collet, a hole is provided approximately at the axial center. a torch main body end member having an inclined hole formed therein that substantially corresponds to the convex portion of the collet is integrally disposed at one end of the torch main body, and a hollow portion in the axial direction communicates with the inclined hole; a collet receiver having a hole bored in a substantially axial center portion and an inclined hole substantially corresponding to the convex portion of the collet disposed inside an end portion, and a substantially axial center portion of the collet receiver. inserting a first collet into the hole, disposing a second collet between one end side of the torch main body and the collet receiver,
The collet receiver and the first collet are respectively formed to be movable in the axial direction within the hollow portion of the torch body, and the second collet is pressed toward the end member of the torch body by the collet receiver. An electric arc torch. 5. The electric arc torch according to claim 4, wherein the collet is movable only in the axial direction. 6. The electric arc torch according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the collet receiver is movable only in the axial direction.