JPH03229653A - Vertical grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve advantageous operation at the time of the generation of vibration by providing auxiliary rollers compressing the layer of the bitten raw material to grinding rollers on the peripheral surfaces thereof and auxiliary roller driving variable speed electromotors to the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of a turntable between the grinding rollers. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of freely rotatable grinding rollers 4 are arranged to the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of a turntable 3A and the raw material supplied to turntable 3A is ground between the upper surface of the turntable 3A and the peripheral surfaces of the rollers 4 by applying predetermined grinding pressure to the rollers 4. Freely rotatable auxiliary rollers 20 compressing the layer of the bitten raw material to the rollers 4 by the peripheral surfaces thereof and variable speed electromotors 20A for driving the auxiliary rollers 20 are provided to the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of the turntable 3A between the rollers 4. As a result, even when a vibration value is temporarily enhanced by the change of the properties and moisture content of the raw material during operation, an emergency measure to forcibly rotate the auxiliary rollers to set the same to the proper number of rotations to lower the vibration value can be taken and advantageous operation can be achieved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides the following advantages:
This relates to a vertical crusher that crushes raw materials such as limestone, slag, and cement raw materials.

[Prior Art] As a type of pulverizer that finely pulverizes raw materials such as limestone, slag, and cement raw materials into powder, there is a vertical pulverizer 1 equipped with a rotating table and pulverizing rollers, as shown in FIG. is widely used. This type of crusher includes a disc-shaped rotary table 3A that is driven by a motor 2A and a reducer 2 to rotate at a low speed in the lower part of a cylindrical casing 15, and a hydraulic pressure installed at a portion that equally divides the outer periphery of the upper surface in the circumferential direction. The crushing roller 4 is provided with a plurality of crushing rollers 4 that are pressed against each other and rotated as a result of rotation.

The crushing roller 4 is connected to a piston rod 10 of a hydraulic cylinder 9 via an arm 5 and an arm 7 that are pivotally supported by a shaft 6 on a casing 15. By operating the hydraulic cylinder 9, the crushing roller 4 is 4 is pressed onto the rotary table 3A to apply crushing pressure to the raw material.

3B is a dam ring provided on the outer periphery of the rotary table 3A to adjust the raw material layer pressure; 14 is an annular space passage around the rotary table 3A for blowing up gas; 13 is a rotary separator for classifying the raw material crushed by the blades 13A; 16 17 is a discharge port from which the product is taken out together with the gas, and a raw material input chute.

In such a vertical crusher, the raw material supplied to the center of the rotary table by the raw material input chute 17 is rotated as it slides on the rotary table 3A due to the centrifugal force in the radial direction of the table due to the rotation of the rotary table 3A. It receives a rotational force from the table 3A, slides between it and the rotary table 3A, and rotates somewhat slower than the rotation speed of the rotary table 3A.

The above two forces, that is, the forces in the radial direction and the force in the rotational direction are combined, and the raw material moves to the outer circumference of the rotary table 3A while drawing a spiral trajectory on the rotary table 3A. Since the a-ra is in pressure contact with this outer periphery and is rotating, the raw material drawing a spiral line enters from a direction forming a certain angle with the axial direction of the cloning roller between the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3A. Bitten and crushed.

On the other hand, air is supplied to the base of the casing 15 by a duct.
Alternatively, gas such as hot air is introduced, and as this gas blows up from the annular space 14 between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 3A and the inner peripheral surface of the casing, the crushed fine powder is entrained in the gas. and rise inside the casing 15,
A classification action is performed by the blades 13A of the separator 13 located at the top, and products with a predetermined particle size are discharged from the discharge port 16 together with gas and sent to the next process.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in a vertical crusher having a raw material crushing mechanism based on the cooperation of the rotary table 3A and the crushing rollers 4 as described above, it is particularly important to avoid slippery and fluid particles on the rotary table 3A. When pulverizing a raw material that has a behavior, the pulverizing roller sometimes gets caught in the raw material intermittently, resulting in poor pulverizing efficiency. That is, especially when the pulverized raw material has a low moisture content, such as tankar (
In the case of materials such as limestone or slag, the behavior of the raw material particles on the rotary table is fluid and slippery, and the particles tend to break apart. When the material is supplied from the chute and reaches the crushing roller, it is pushed against the rotary table by a predetermined hydraulic pressure and is pushed aside by the crushing roller, which applies crushing force. In addition, the material may become stuck on the biting side of the grinding roller, and when there is raw material stored here, it may be bitten by the grinding roller all at once, and the raw material may not be kept stable and continuous. The situation was such that the particles were not caught in the crushing rollers. Furthermore, the raw material that has been crushed once by the crushing roller is further bitten by the next crushing roller and is gradually crushed into products, but the raw material that leaves the crushing roller is between the crushing roller and the rotating table. The gap is compressed and the particles pop out from the narrow gap in the crushing section and float up, and the particles break apart and become a stable layer that is placed in the next crushing roller's bite area. Unfortunately, there was a tendency for poor biting, and for this reason, the grinding efficiency was significantly reduced.

Therefore, by providing an auxiliary roller on the upper surface of the outer circumference of the rotary table between the crushing rollers, the raw material layer bitten by the crushing rollers is compressed into a deaerated compacted layer and crushed. In addition to being able to prevent poor filling and the resulting reduction in grinding efficiency, it is also possible to reduce the vibration value (amplitude) generated in the grinder. However, in this case, there is no problem if the raw material properties and moisture content supplied to the crusher remain unchanged and constant values, but as the raw material properties and moisture content change, the coefficient of kinetic friction between the grinding roller surface and the raw material layer changes. When the material layer thickness changes, the stable state up to that point is destroyed and large vibrations suddenly occur, which in extreme cases can lead to inoperability, but there has been no effective countermeasure for this.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, in the vertical crusher of the present invention, a plurality of rotatable crushing rollers are arranged on the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of the rotary table, and the center part of the rotary table is In a vertical pulverizer that applies a predetermined pulverizing pressure to the pulverizing roller to pulverize the raw material supplied to the pulverizing roller between the top surface of the rotary table and the periphery of the pulverizing roller, The grinding roller is equipped with a rotatable auxiliary roller that compresses the layer of raw material caught in the crushing roller on its circumferential surface, and a variable speed electric motor for driving the auxiliary roller.

[Operation] The raw material supplied from the raw material input chute to the upper surface of the center of the rotary table traces a spiral trajectory on the rotary table, moves toward the outer circumference of the rotary table, reaches the biting side of the auxiliary roller, and connects the auxiliary roller and the rotary table. When the raw material particles flow between the auxiliary roller and the raw material particles, the auxiliary roller rotates and compresses the raw material particles with the required pressing force on its circumferential surface, and each compressed raw material particle is brought into a dense state, forming a so-called compacted layer. Ru. This compacted layer reaches the biting side of the crushing roller by the rotation of the rotary table, and even if the crushing roller is applied with a high pressing force as crushing force, it will be bitten with a higher probability and continuous crushing will be performed. In addition, the raw material particles, which are crushed by the crushing roller and flowed as a coarse layer, are discharged from the anti-biting side of the crushing roller, and are subjected to a similar compaction effect by this auxiliary roller, and then crushed to the next position. It has a high probability of getting caught in the rollers and being crushed efficiently. The pressing force of the auxiliary roller toward the top of the rotary table does not contribute to pulverization, but instead compresses the raw material particles to form a layer with dense particles, the so-called consolidation layer (hereinafter, the action of forming such a layer is called consolidation). ), which is much smaller than the pressing force of the crushing roller.

When the above-mentioned auxiliary roller is arranged close to the raw material nipping side of the crushing roller, the new raw material from the raw material input chute guided to the outer periphery of the rotary table flows into the raw material nipping side of the crushing roller and becomes auxiliary. Since the proportion of raw material flowing into the raw material biting side of the roller increases, the compacted layer in which the raw material particles are compressed by the auxiliary roller and made dense is less likely to be disturbed by the new raw material, and the biting into the crushing roller becomes more reliable. It is done.

Of course, the raw material crushed by the previous crushing roller and the new raw material are consolidated together by this auxiliary roller.

When the raw material properties change or the moisture content changes and the vibration value increases, causing a problem in operation, the variable speed electric motor for driving the auxiliary roller is energized and the auxiliary roller is forcibly driven. Select and hold the decreasing rotation speed. When the vibration value decreases and the operating state becomes stable, the forced drive of the auxiliary roller is stopped and the original state is restored.

[Example] Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

1 to 3 provide a detailed explanation of the invention.

In FIG. 1, FIG. 1(A) is a plan view showing the arrangement of the crushing roller and the auxiliary roller on the rotary table, FIG. 1(B) is a front development view of FIG. 1(A), and FIG. The figure is a perspective view showing the entire vertical crusher, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the auxiliary roller attachment part. In addition, in the figure, the same parts as in FIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, two crushing rollers 4 are arranged on the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of the rotary table 3A at symmetrical positions with respect to the center of the rotary table 3A.
The raw material biting side 4 of each crushing roller 4 is located on the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of the rotary table 3A between where the crushing roller 4 and the crushing roller 4 are located.
An auxiliary roller 20 having a smaller diameter than the crushing roller 4 is arranged at a position closer to A. As shown in FIG. 3, this auxiliary roller 20 is rotatably supported by a roller shaft 25 fixed to the tip of a substantially U-shaped arm 21 which is rotatably supported by a shaft 23 on the casing 15. installed. A variable speed electric motor 20A for driving the auxiliary roller 20 is attached to the back of the arm 21. A piston rod 22a of a hydraulic cylinder 22 is supported and connected to the lower end of the arm 21, and a constant pressure of hydraulic pressure is applied to a rod end chamber 22b of the hydraulic cylinder 22, thereby applying compressive force to the layer of raw material. The end of the hydraulic cylinder 22 on the side opposite to the piston rod is rotatably supported by the casing 15. Note that this compression force is achieved by adjusting the oil pressure with a pressure regulating valve (not shown) attached to a hydraulic line connected to the rod end chamber 22b of the hydraulic cylinder 22. Further, an accumulator is connected to this hydraulic line, and the rod end chamber 22b of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is maintained at a constant pressure.

By expanding and contracting the piston rod 22a of the hydraulic cylinder 22, the arm 21 is rotated about the shaft 23, and the auxiliary roller 20 moves up and down.

An auxiliary roller 20 and a rotary table 3 are installed at the bottom of the arm 21.
A gap adjuster 24 is provided to adjust and set the gap between the upper surface of
The screw shaft 24a is screwed into the screw hole of 4b and supported, and by bringing the tip of the screw shaft 24a into contact with the side end of the arm 21, the auxiliary roller 20 and the rotary table 3
It is configured so that the gap between it and the top surface of A can be set.

Note that if the weight of the auxiliary roller 20 is sufficient as the compressive force for the layer of raw material, the hydraulic cylinder 22 is left free.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment having such a configuration will be explained.

The raw material supplied from the raw material input chute 17 to the upper surface of the central part of the rotary table 3A is subjected to the centrifugal force of the rotary table 3A, and moves toward the outer circumference of the rotary table while drawing a spiral trajectory on the rotary table 3A. As shown in (B), most of the raw materials and the raw materials that have already been crushed and made into fine powder by the crushing roller 4 are combined to form a coarse and dense layer 4.
0 flows into the gap between the auxiliary roller 20 and the top surface of the rotary table 3A, and while the auxiliary roller 20 rotates while being slightly lifted by the raw material layer, this coarse and dense layer flows between its peripheral surface and the top surface of the rotary table 3A. 40 is compressed to form a consolidated layer 30. This compacted layer 30 reaches the biting side 4A of the crushing roller 4 due to the rotation of the rotary table 3A, and here, the raw material particles are not scattered but are formed into a compacted layer in a dense state, so that the crushing roller 4 Even if a pressing force is applied as a high crushing force and a narrow gap is provided between the top surface of the rotary table 3A and the top surface of the rotary table 3A in order to obtain a predetermined product particle size, the biting into the crushing roller 4 becomes more reliable. , the proportion (amount) of the raw material that is scraped by the crushing roller 4 and flows through the side of the crushing roller 4 without being bitten by the crushing roller 4 is reduced. This improves the pulverization efficiency. In addition, the first
In the figure (A), F indicates the movement trajectory of the raw material particles, C indicates the biting part (pulverization part) between the roller and the rotary table 3A, and only the right half of the figure shows the movement trajectory of the raw material particles. .

At this time, the auxiliary roller 20 is given a so-called consolidation effect that compresses the particles of the raw material to increase the density of the layer between the particles, and a low pressure that does not contribute to the pulverization of the raw material is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 22. It is given by adjusting the oil pressure. The pressing force of this auxiliary roller 20 is
The force is such that the auxiliary roller 20 is lifted slightly higher than the height of the auxiliary roller 20 regulated by the screw shaft 24a when the raw material is put into the gap between the rotary table 3A and the rotary table 3A. The pressing force of this auxiliary roller 20 may be much smaller than the pressing force as the crushing force of the crushing roller 4, and if its own weight is sufficient, there is no need to apply hydraulic pressure. The pressing force of this auxiliary cola varies depending on the size of the raw material particles and the degree of adhering moisture; for example, when the raw material particle size is small, the pressing force may be small.

During operation, the coefficient of dynamic friction between the grinding roller and the raw material layer changes due to changes in the raw material properties and particle size composition of the water content, and as a result, the previously stable operating condition collapses and the vibration value suddenly increases. In this case, the vibration value is reduced by energizing the variable speed electric motor 20A of the auxiliary roller, which had not been energized, to forcibly rotate the auxiliary roller and selecting an appropriate rotation speed. After a while after returning to a stable state, the electric motor 20A is stopped.

The raw material that has been bitten by the crushing roller 4 and crushed into small pieces is subjected to compressive force in the narrow gap between the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3A, and then receives the rotational force of the rotary table 3A and the crushing roller 4. , the raw material discharge side 4 of the crushing roller 4
The particles are vigorously discharged from B and fly up, causing them to become disjointed, and are mixed with the new raw material supplied from the raw material input unit 17 to form a dense layer 40. The coarse and dense layer 40 is subjected to the same piezoelectric action as described above by the auxiliary roller 20 located next, and is further bitten and crushed by the crushing roller 4 located on the rotational direction side of the rotary table 3A, thereby reducing the particle size of the product. It's getting closer. Then, the compacted layer 30 that has come out from the auxiliary roller 20 is compressed by the auxiliary roller 20 on the biting side 4 of the crushing roller 4.
Since it is located close to A, the amount of new raw material supplied from the raw material input chute 17 onto the rotary table 3A is reduced, so that the consolidated state is less likely to be disturbed, and the compacted layer 30 is stabilized, and the crushing roller 4 It will definitely get caught. In this embodiment, the diameter of the auxiliary roller 20 is smaller than the diameter of the crushing roller 4.
- When the particle size of the raw material particles for boat fishing is small, the diameter of the auxiliary roller 20 may be small; on the other hand, when the particle size of the raw material particles is large, the diameter should be increased to match the particle size of the raw material particles. The size should be set so that the compaction effect can be applied accordingly.

Further, the gap between the auxiliary roller 20 and the upper surface of the rotary table 3A is set by inserting and removing the screw shaft 24a of the gap adjuster 24. This gap is made larger when the size of the raw material particles is large, and is made smaller when the size of the raw material particles is small, but since the purpose is to consolidate the layer of raw material particles, if this gap is too small, the raw material particle layer may become disordered. For example, the raw material particle size is 5 mm or less, and the crushing roller 4 is placed in a relatively large gap so that the raw material particle size is 5 mm or less and is smoothly bitten by the auxiliary roller 20.
When the gap between the auxiliary roller 20 and the rotary table 3A is 5 to 10 mm, the gap between the auxiliary roller 20 and the rotary table 3A is set to 40 to 60 mm.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, in the present invention, the raw material particles can be compressed by the auxiliary roller to form a compacted layer with dense gaps between the particles, so that the raw material can be crushed with high crushing force. When the raw material tries to bite into the grinding roller that has been given a pressing force, it is less likely to be scraped by the grinding roller and escape through the side of the grinding roller, improving the ability of the raw material to bite into the grinding roller. Since the grinding action can be carried out continuously, the grinding efficiency can be improved. Easy to slip on the rotating table
This method is particularly effective when pulverizing raw materials with so-called fluidity or raw materials with little moisture attached.

In addition, even if the vibration value temporarily increases due to changes in the raw material properties or the grain size composition of the water content during operation, we can reduce the vibration value by forcibly rotating the auxiliary roller and adjusting the rotation speed to an appropriate level. Since countermeasures can be taken, this is advantageous in terms of driving operation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 3 show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG.
Figure (B) is a front development view of Figure 1 (A), Figure 2 is an overall perspective view of the crusher, Figure 3 is a side view of the auxiliary roller attachment part, and Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of a conventional vertical crusher. It is a diagram. 1... Vertical crusher, 3A... Rotating table, 4... Grinding roller, 4A... Raw material biting side, 4B... Raw material discharge side, O... ... Auxiliary roller, 1 ... Arm, 4 ... Gap adjuster, 0 ... Dense layer. 17... Raw material input chute, 20A... Variable speed electric motor, 22... Hydraulic cylinder, 30... Consolidated layer,

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of rotatable crushing rollers are arranged on the upper surface of the outer periphery of the rotary table, and a predetermined crushing pressure is applied to the raw material supplied to the center of the rotary table to the crushing rollers, and the raw material is crushed between the upper surface of the rotary table and the circumferential surface of the crushing rollers. In a vertical crusher that crushes between the crushing roller and the crushing roller, a rotatable auxiliary roller and an auxiliary roller are provided on the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of the rotary table between the crushing roller and the crushing roller, and the auxiliary roller compresses the layer of raw material caught in the crushing roller with its circumferential surface. A vertical crusher characterized by being equipped with a variable speed electric motor for driving.