JPH03223597A - Fire heat insulator and fire resistive heat insulating container - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain considerable fire resistive performance without excessive thickness by laminating a plate-like heat absorbing structure covering water or water-absorbed water absorptive polymer materials with water impermeable films and an inorganic fire resistive heat insulating sheet. CONSTITUTION:A plate-like heat absorbing structure 1 forms such small chambers that water or water-absorbed water absorptive polymer materials 11 may not be unevenly included through a connecting part 14 partially joining water impermeable films 12 facing each other, and then the structure is laminated with an inorganic fire resistive heat insulating sheet 2. When the ambient temperature is raised by a fire, in the initial stage, the refractory heat insulating sheet 2 on the surface withstands the temperature difference between both inner and outer sides, but with the lapse of time, the heat is conducted inward to evaporate the water absorbed in the water absorptive polymer materials 11. As the latent heat of evaporation is large, the temperature rise of the inside can be suppressed by the heat absorbing structure 1 for a moderate time. By making two layers or more of the heat absorbing structure 1, or by placing a metallic foil between the layers or on the surface, higher fire resistive heat insulating effect can be obtained.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a fireproof insulation material that is lightweight and flexible and has good fireproof insulation properties, and a fireproof and insulation container using the same, particularly bags and boxes. [Prior art 1] Fireproof safes and fireproof nets are used in various government offices, companies, and households to protect important questions and banknotes from fire. Because they are made from a combination of heat-resistant steel and insulating brick, they are extremely heavy, bulky, have a small storage capacity for their size, and are expensive. Even if you want to store valuables, a fireproof safe may not be very high-performance, but it is often a good idea to have a certain degree of fire resistance. In such cases, it may be useful to use inorganic lightweight fireproofing materials molded into plate shapes, or inorganic fibers molded into non-woven fabrics or felt, but if you want to achieve a sufficient insulation effect, it will take a considerable amount of time. Thickness is necessary,
Being excited is inevitable. On the other hand, woven nylon fabric coated with aluminum is used as a material for firefighting suits and has been well received, so it was proposed to use it in the form of bags (Utility Model Application No. 141330/1983). ). However, this material is either highly effective at reflecting radiant heat or cannot withstand sustained exposure to high temperatures. Nylon softens at 400℃, and aluminum softens at 660℃.
This is because it melts. In addition, a highly hydrated substance with no fluidity, such as a substance containing a large amount of crystallization water such as calcium chloride, or a hydrated polyacrylic acid copolymer crosslinked resin, is interposed between the metal foil and the plastic film. A fireproof bag made of a material has been proposed (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-47049). Although the heat insulation properties of this fireproof bag are improved compared to the aluminum vapor-deposited nylon bags described above, it cannot be said to be sufficient because the water content of the substance present between the metal foil and the plastic film is low. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a structure that can be easily constructed, is lightweight and flexible, and can be easily processed to suit the object, while having a certain degree of practical fire resistance. A fireproof insulation material with fire resistance that passes the 1-hour fire resistance standard of the fire resistance test method specified in JIS-31037, and a fireproof insulation container using the same,
Especially in providing bags and boxes. [Means for Solving the Problems] As shown in the basic embodiment of the fireproof insulation material of the present invention in FIG. ) and a heat-absorbing structure (1) wrapped in a plate shape and a fire-resistant heat-insulating sheet (2) made of an inorganic material are laminated. Of course, if water is used as it is, gelled water-absorbing polymer material will also have fluidity if it contains a large amount of water, so if fireproof insulation is used vertically, it will be as shown in Figure 2. Moreover, the contents of the heat-absorbing structure (1) may gradually sag due to gravity, and the heat insulation properties of the upper part of the feces may deteriorate. In order to prevent such problems, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the plate-shaped heat absorbing structure (1) partially connects the water-impermeable films (12) facing each other. A plurality of small chambers are formed by the joined joint parts (14), and water and water-absorbing water-absorbing polymer material (11) are formed by the joined joint parts (14).
) should be prevented from being unevenly distributed. The size of the chamber is determined depending on the thickness of the heat-absorbing structure and the ease with which its contents can flow. On the side of 1 cm thick, squares, rectangles, etc. with sides of 3 to 20 cm, etc.
The size is equivalent to this. In the embodiment divided into small chambers, for example, two heat-absorbing structures having the shape shown in FIG. 5A are combined as shown in FIG. 5B, and the joint part (14A > and another endothermic structure (1B) (14B)
> and preferably do not overlap with each other.
With such a structure, the weak point of low heat insulation at the joints of the heat absorbing structure can be covered. The water-absorbing polymeric material is, for example, a crosslinked polyacrylate. In recent years, its uses have been expanding, and accordingly, products with various performances and grades have become commercially available. The amount of water absorbed is 10 to 500 times the volume, and you can use any of them, but it is appropriate for the handling of the sheet to use it without absorbing water to the extreme (10 to 200 times). be. The water-impermeable film may be a conventional plastic film such as nylon or polyethylene, and of course a laminated material may also be used. In terms of thermal properties, it is preferable that the heat resistance is not very high, and that it softens at an appropriate temperature, for example, 100 to 150'C. In the embodiments shown in Figures 3 and 4, aluminum foil and a heat-sealable plastic film are sequentially laminated on a plastic film as a water-impermeable film so that the joints are not easily damaged by heat. It is preferable to use a laminated film that is Fire-resistant heat insulating sheets made of inorganic materials include non-woven fabric made of silica or alumina fibers hardened with a small amount of six-layer binder, such as an organic glue, felt made by needle punching, or microporous material made by compression molding of ultrafine silica particles. Structured plates are commercially available and can be used. In order for the fireproof heat insulating material of the present invention to pass the 1 hour fire resistance test of J15-31037, the fireproof temperature of the fireproof heat insulating sheet must be 925°C or higher. The fire-resistant heat insulating material of the present invention is also useful even if it is simply a heat-absorbing structure (1) with a fire-resistant heat insulating sheet (2) pasted on one side, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, or FIG. 5. However, depending on the application, as shown in FIG. 6, it may be better to attach fireproof insulation +A (2) to both sides of the heat-absorbing structure (1) to form a Sanderuch structure. Moraron, heat-absorbing JfiS structure (1) and fireproof insulation sheet (2)
It is also possible to alternately stack several layers. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a metal foil (3) is sandwiched between arbitrary layers or a metal foil is placed on the surface. In the illustrated example, the fireproof insulation sheet (2
) are stacked on top of each other and three are sandwiched between them. This metal foil, especially one used near a high temperature atmosphere, desirably has a corresponding heat resistance, and stainless steel or steel foil is suitable. Depending on the purpose, aluminum or copper foil may be used, and the outer side can be made of stainless steel, while the inside can be made of copper or aluminum. The suitable thickness varies depending on the material, and is generally 10 to 1
It is in the range of 00μTrL. If it is too thin, holes will open when the flame hits it, and if it is too thick, the product will have poor flexibility. The fireproof and insulated container of the present invention is produced by forming the above-mentioned fireproof and insulating material into a bag shape or a box shape using an appropriate adhesive or edge fittings, with the side of the inorganic fireproof heat insulating sheet exposed. 1q is received. When making a bag shape, the blank of fireproof insulation material should be made with as few joints as possible, for example,
As shown in the figure and Fig. 8, the front side (41), the back side (4
2) It is preferable to prepare a continuous sheet of folded flaps 43) and join both edges (44A, 44B) to form a fireproof and heat-insulating bag (4). [Function 1] The fireproof heat insulating material of the present invention is applied to an object to be protected from fire, with the fireproof heat insulating sheets 1 to (2) facing outward. The fireproof and insulated container has the same layer arrangement as described above. When the temperature of the atmosphere rises due to a fire, initially the fireproof insulation sheet on the surface maintains the temperature difference between the inside and outside, but
However, heat still transfers internally over time. Then, the water absorbed by the water-absorbing polymer material is released little by little and becomes water vapor. As is well known, this latent heat of vaporization is large, so that the temperature rise in the endothermic structure is prevented for a considerable period of time. As the temperature of the endothermic M4 structure rises and a large amount of water vapor accumulates, the water-impermeable plastic film softens and becomes porous, allowing water vapor to escape and forming multiple 1° endothermic structures. If the type is subdivided into small cells, even if it is filled with highly insulating material such as water or a water-absorbing polymer material that contains a large amount of water and becomes a low-viscosity gel, the material will sag. Deformation of the heat-absorbing structure is not a substantial problem, and a uniform fireproof and heat-insulating effect is achieved. By laminating two or more layers of heat-absorbing structures such that the bonded portions of the films are different from each other, it is possible to prevent a decrease in heat insulation properties due to damage to the bonded portions. In embodiments in which metal foil is sandwiched between layers or placed on the surface, the metal foil reflects radiant heat, prevents the movement of hot air, slows down the temperature rise, and diffuses the heat throughout, preventing local temperature rises. This mechanism provides an even higher fireproof insulation effect by 1q.

[Example 11] A sheet of the water-absorbing polymer material "Daipanowet" (manufactured by Mitsubishi Yuka) was made to absorb 50 times more water by volume and was wrapped with nylon film (manufactured by Toshi) from the front and back. As shown in the figure, one piece is 10 cm long x 15 cm wide x 1 cm thick.
We created an endothermic structure with continuous units. Silica:Alumina-51:49 (ffl!) Inorganic & miscellaneous non-woven fabric with ingredients [)I Inflex Paper 1
The fireproof heat insulating material of the present invention was obtained by stacking 10 sheets of 300J (thickness: 1M, manufactured by Nichias), laminating them with the above-mentioned heat absorbing structure, and wrapping and integrating them with a high-density polyethylene sheet. Using this fireproof insulation material, a box was made with the heat-absorbing structure on the inside. Newspaper was placed inside the box, and the box was subjected to a J15-31037 fire resistance test. One hour after being placed in the heating furnace, the temperature of the atmosphere reached 925°C, but the temperature inside was kept below 160°C, and no changes such as discoloration occurred in the newspaper. [Example 21 A heat-absorbing structure with a thickness of 3M was prepared using the same water-absorbing polymer material and plastic film as in Example 1. Again, the 155 nonwoven inorganic fibers used in Example 1 (therefore 5 Junsa shoes) were grouped together, and 3 of the above heat absorbing structures were
Layers were stacked alternately, and the whole was wrapped with a high-density polyethylene film, followed by a 24# thick fireproof insulation material. A box similar to Example 1 was made using this fireproof insulation material,
The same fire resistance test was conducted. The temperature inside the box did not exceed 100°C even after one hour. [Example 3] Using the fireproof heat insulating material of Example 1, a bag (50 cm long x 30 cm wide) having the shape shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 was manufactured. The edges on both sides were held together with steel fittings. When this bag was subjected to a fire resistance test according to JIS-31037, it showed sufficient fire resistance performance for one hour. [Example 41] "Microtherm" (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil, thickness 5 mm), which was made by compression molding ultrafine silica and covering it with glass fiber cloth, was used as a fireproof heat insulating sheet. The fireproof heat insulating material of the present invention was obtained by laminating it with the heat absorbing structure of Example 1 and wrapping it with a fluororesin film and integrating it. Using this fireproof insulation material, a box was made in the same manner as in Example 1 and a fire resistance test was conducted, and the box showed fire resistance performance comparable to that in Example 1. Example 5 A dry laminate sheet of 15μ polyethylene/19μ A/70μ unstretched polypropylene was vacuum formed into a molded product having square depressions arranged at equal intervals. The molded product is 31C++ square on each side and has 6 x 6-36 indentations.
The recess is made of unstretched polypropylene on the inside, and the − side is 4 cm.
The depth is 1.5 cm and the spacing is 1 cm. A water-absorbing polymer [Die A7 Wets 1-5-IIJ (manufactured by Mitsubishi Yuka Co., Ltd.) that has absorbed 30 times more water by weight was filled in 243 times each into the dents of the above molded product, and the above tri-laminate sheets 1-5 The same material as -b was layered and sealed to form an endothermic structure with many small chambers. Fineflex Paper 13 is an inorganic fiber nonwoven fabric made with a ratio of silica:alumina of 51:49 (I amount).
A fireproof heat insulating material was obtained by sandwiching 00J made by Chias and having a thickness of 2 mm between three stacked 6M thick sheets and one sheet 1~ and wrapping it with high-density polyethylene. Using this fireproof insulation material, a cube-shaped box with an outer side of 32 cm was made. When a 1-hour fire resistance test was conducted as specified in JIS-31037, the outer polyethylene layer melted, but the internal temperature remained at a maximum of 140°C, and the newspaper placed inside did not change color. For comparison, we used a heat-absorbing structure in which a square plate shape with sides of 30 cm was filled with 1300 g of water-absorbing polymer without forming a square recess by vacuum forming, and therefore without any elementary school. We obtained fireproof insulation material and made lees. When this box was bundled in a 1-hour fire resistance test, no discoloration of the newspaper was observed or the internal temperature reached 160°C. This is thought to be because the water-absorbing polymer hangs down due to gravity, reducing the heat resistance of the upper side surface. [Example 61 A molded product was made using the same materials and the same process as in Example 5, but the recess was 3.75 cm on the sides and 1.5 cm on the fi.
Then, the holes were formed with a gap of 3.75 cm, and the hollows were filled with water-absorbing polymer, which was then sealed to create a heat-absorbing structure, which was then made into a fire-resistant insulation material as shown in Figure 5A. . As shown in FIG. 5B, the two sheets were integrated by combining the convex and convex portions, so that a layer of water-absorbing polymer that absorbed water was present in all seven portions. A box was made using this fireproof insulation material, and a fire resistance test was conducted for one hour. There is no discoloration of the newspaper inside, and the internal temperature is 10.
The temperature was kept below 0°C. [Effect of the invention 1] The fire-resistant heat insulating material of the present invention has a mechanism of removing heat from the atmosphere by releasing and vaporizing moisture absorbed in the water-absorbing polymer material, in contrast to the fire-resistant heat insulating effect of the inorganic material sheet. By combining these, it is possible to demonstrate considerable fire resistance performance without requiring excessive thickness. It is lightweight because the entire structure can be made thin. In addition, since flexible materials are selected as the constituent materials, the product also has flexibility and can be applied by deforming to match the surface shape of the object to be protected from fire. Bags and boxes made of this fireproof insulation material can replace fireproof cabinets to protect important documents from fire.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view for explaining the basic aspect of the fireproof heat insulating material of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram similar to FIG. 1, showing the deformation that occurs when a basic embodiment of a fireproof insulation material using a water-absorbing polymeric material with high fluidity is placed vertically. Figures 3a3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining the second embodiment of the fireproof heat insulating material of the present invention, with Figure 3 being a sectional view and Figure 4 being a plan view. FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 for explaining a preferred embodiment of the J5G addition to the second embodiment of the refractory heat insulating material of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram similar to FIG. 1 for explaining another embodiment of the fireproof heat insulating material of the present invention. 7 and 8 show the entirety of a bag which is an example of the fireproof and insulated container of the present invention, with FIG. 7 being a sectional view and FIG. 8 being a plan view. 1.1A, 1B... Endothermic structure 11... Water-absorbing polymer material 12... Water-impermeable film 14. 14A... Joint portion 2... Fireproof insulation sheet 1-3. ...Metal foil 4...Fireproof insulation bag

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A fire-resistant heat insulating material made by laminating a heat-absorbing structure in which water or a water-absorbing polymeric material that has absorbed water is wrapped in a water-impermeable film to form a plate, and a fire-resistant heat insulating sheet made of an inorganic material. (2) The fireproof heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein the plate-shaped heat absorbing structure comprises a plurality of small chambers formed by partially joining water-impermeable films facing each other. (3) The fireproof heat insulating material according to claim 2, wherein two or more layers of heat absorbing structures are laminated so that the bonded portions of the films do not overlap each other. (4) The fireproof heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein two or more layers of one or both of the heat absorbing structure and the fireproof heat insulating sheet are laminated. (5) The fire-resistant insulation material according to claim 1 or 3, wherein a metal foil is sandwiched between the heat-absorbing structure and the fire-resistant insulation sheet, or between any layer including one or both of them when two or more layers are laminated. . (6) The fireproof heat insulating material according to claim 2, wherein the water-impermeable film is a laminated film in which aluminum foil and a heat-sealable plastic film are laminated in order on a plastic film. (7) The fire-resistant heat insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fire-resistant heat insulating sheet has a heat-resistant temperature of 925° C. or higher. (8) A fireproof and insulated container formed by processing the fireproof and insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 into a bag shape or a box shape.