JPH0322268Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a converter for smelting non-ferrous metal ore.
In particular, the present invention relates to a converter for smelting non-ferrous metal ores, which has a divided outer shell section and has a structure that allows easy repair of the refractory lining of the converter for smelting.

[Conventional technology]

Many converters are used in the mining industry to smelt copper, nickel, lead, and other non-ferrous metal ores. For the most part, these smelting converters are Peirce-Smith.
Smith type, Teniente type, Noranda type, or other types.

The most widely used converters have horizontal cylindrical shells that can be adjusted to various sizes of capacity depending on specific production requirements.
The material of this cylindrical outer shell is generally carbon steel, and the inside is lined with a refractory material to allow the converter to operate normally while coming into contact with molten metal components at a temperature of approximately 1200°C or higher. has been done. The converter is used to oxidize various components contained in ore. For example, when oxidizing copper sulfide, air is introduced into the molten copper sulfide in order to oxidize any metal sulfide present in the ore. This oxidation is
This is accomplished by injecting an oxidizing agent, most commonly air, into the molten ore bath of the converter through tuyeres extending through the outer shell and refractory lining of the converter. These tuyeres are located at a predetermined location in the converter, usually at the bottom or lower part of the converter.

During long term operation of a converter, the refractory lining of the converter gradually begins to fatigue or become damaged. Usually, the refractory lining near or around the tuyeres suffers more damage due to the turbulence caused by the air injection and the localized high heat generated by the oxidation reaction between the ore components and the air. be. Additionally, refractory linings can shatter, crack, or flake off if exposed to extreme temperature changes. Therefore, it is necessary to temporarily stop the operation of the converter and repair or replace the damaged lining refractory material.

Traditionally, the usual repair method has been to shut down the converter, allow it to cool to ambient temperature, remove the top of the converter to allow easier access into the converter body, and then repair the damaged or damaged lining of the refractory material. The solution was to replace the . Repairing or replacing the refractory lining is a difficult and time-consuming task because workers must work inside the converter itself. Additionally, in refractory liner repairs, it may be questionable whether the newly replaced refractory liner is adequately connected or bonded where it contacts the remaining portions of the old refractory liner. For this reason, it is often necessary to replace the entire refractory lining of the entire converter so that when the converter is put back into operation, a longer service life and more reliable operation can be achieved. desired.

In addition, a long period of shutdown of the converter will result in a significant drop in productivity, and the repair costs (i.e., material and labor costs) for partial replacement or new installation of the refractory lining will be considerable. .
For this reason, in the mining industry, it has long been necessary to repair or maintain converters reliably and easily, avoiding converter repairs that require such long periods of downtime and large repair costs. I have been looking for a possible solution.

On the other hand, in order to facilitate the replacement of the nozzle pipe that constitutes the tuyere, the shape of the refractory bricks surrounding the nozzle pipe constituting the tuyere is arranged in a radial direction facing the center of the furnace, and the installation and removal of the tuyere itself is made easier. A proposal has been made for a tuyere for a smelting furnace that has a structure that is easy to use (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 49-3602), but this tuyere has a complicated structure and is not easy to manufacture. This invention is a structure that makes it relatively easy to install and remove the tuyere, and it does not concern the repair or replacement of the refractory lining material that has been damaged by heat over a wide area around the tuyere.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

As mentioned above, in the conventional technology, no consideration has been given to repairing or replacing the lining refractory material that has been damaged over a wide area around the tuyere of a smelting converter. This method requires a great deal of time, effort, and cost, and as a result, the operational efficiency of the converter decreases, resulting in poor productivity.

The purpose of this invention is to facilitate the repair and replacement of damaged lining refractories in areas where the lining refractories are likely to be most heavily used in converter operations for smelting non-ferrous metal ores, such as the area around the tuyeres. By simply dividing and modifying the steel shell of the converter into simple structures, it is possible to completely replace the refractory lining of the converter, or to bring the converter to room temperature prior to repairing the refractory lining. A converter for smelting non-ferrous metal ores having an extremely simple and inexpensive split shell that does not require cooling to a maximum temperature and allows easy replacement or repair of the refractory lining in damaged areas. Our goal is to provide the following.

The improved converter of the present invention improves productivity by shortening the repair period and increasing the operating rate, and saves on converter repair materials and labor costs.
Make it easier for workers to perform repair work,
Furthermore, the aim is to obtain numerous benefits such as enabling more reliable operation when the converter is restarted.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention relates to an improved converter for smelting nonferrous metal ores having a cylindrical outer shell lined with a refractory material, and the improved converter for smelting has one or more outer shells. The improvement is that the converter is divided into removable sections, and these sections are provided in areas where the damage to the refractory lining of the converter shell is expected to be the greatest.

In other words, the improved smelting converter of the present invention is characterized by a shape and size that makes it easy to remove and reinstall the metal shell area of the converter corresponding to the area where the refractory lining is subject to significant damage. A divided outer shell made of metal is provided which divides the outer shell area into one or more sections, and the refractory lining material corresponding to the vicinity of the divided outer shell is coated with, for example, mortar cement on the inner surface of the divided outer shell. A heat-resistant and insulating material made of oxide fibers such as aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, or titanium oxide is used to fill the small gap between the split outer shell and the refractory lining without using or adhering. A thin ceramic layer is provided by filling a ceramic paper (sheet, blanket, or cloth) with a thickness of 10 mm or less (more preferably 6 mm or less, most preferably 1 mm or less) to provide a thin ceramic layer. The object of the present invention is achieved by providing a structure that allows easy removal and reattachment of the divided outer shell sections. and,
The reason for this structure is that due to the high heat generated by the operation of the smelting converter, the divided outer shell and the lining refractory material may seize and cannot be separated, or the lining refractory material may expand. Moreover, the expansion of the refractory lining is not uniform, and if the refractory lining is fixed to the divided metal shell, the ends (edges) of the refractory lining will deform irregularly, causing the adjacent The refractory lining may intertwine with the edge of the refractory lining of the outer shell of the converter to form a strong joint in an irregular shape, or the refractory lining may intertwine with the edges of the refractory lining of the outer shell of the converter. The ends of the shells are strongly sintered in an intertwined state, or are firmly bonded in a semi-molten state, making it extremely difficult to remove the split outer shell parts and requiring a great deal of effort. This is because, in some cases, a serious problem arises in that the converter must be stopped and cooled to around room temperature before repair or replacement of the lining refractory material. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention does not allow the metal split outer shell and the lining refractory material to contact or bond together, but instead fills the small gap between the split outer shell and the lining refractory material. Since the above-mentioned heat-resistant and insulating ceramic layer is formed, the divided outer shell can be easily removed, and the converter can be easily removed without cooling the converter.
The refractory lining material in damaged or aged parts can be easily repaired or replaced at the same operating temperature in a short period of time, and the cost of repair is also extremely low.

The metal split shell is divided into predetermined areas, each with a set of flanges and bolts for easy removal and replacement.
It has a structure that is connected to the outer shell body of the converter.
Furthermore, it is desirable that the structure is such that the removal of each of the divided outer shell parts can be carried out from outside the converter.

Another feature of this improved smelting converter is that the outer shell of the converter has been modified to include a split shell section around the tuyere that is divided into one or more removable sections. It is in. Again, each of the segmented shell sections divided into predetermined sections is connected to the main body of the converter shell by a set of flanges and bolts to facilitate their removal and reinstallation. It is also desirable that the divided shells be able to be removed or reattached from outside the converter.

The present invention is an improvement of the outer shell of a converter for smelting.
It is constituted by a divided shell section in which the most frequently repaired area of the shell is divided into one or more predetermined areas. These divided outer shell portions have connection means for facilitating attachment and detachment to the main body of the converter outer shell. Preferably, the coupling means engages a flange provided at the longitudinal end of the segmented shell divided into predetermined sections and a flange provided at the longitudinal end of the converter shell body. It consists of a flange. Further, it is convenient if each flange of the divided outer shell portion and each flange of the converter outer shell body are connected by bolt tightening means.

The present invention relates to the repair of the damaged refractory material of an improved converter for smelting as mentioned above.The repair can be carried out without stopping the operation of the converter and without lowering the temperature of the converter. This is done by removing the metal split outer shell corresponding to the damaged part, repairing or replacing the damaged lining refractory material, and reattaching the split outer shell to the converter shell body. It can be done.

The present invention is to partially repair the refractory lining in damaged or deteriorated areas of a smelting converter. The divided outer shell portions of the device are shaped and dimensioned so that they can be easily removed and reattached, and they are installed in locations where they can be easily removed and reattached. Replacement of the split shell section provided in the shell area of these converters allows for removal and reinstallation without cooling the converter temperature to ambient temperature; It is desirable that this can be done from outside the converter.

The present invention is also a unique method for repairing damaged lining refractory material around the tuyere of a smelting converter, and is a unique method for repairing damaged lining refractory material around the tuyere and surrounding areas where damage to the lining refractory material is expected. Shape, dimensions and installation such that the split shell section provided in the area of the converter shell can be easily removed and reinstalled from the outside of the converter without cooling the temperature of the converter to ambient temperature. It is desirable to have a location.

The present invention extends the service life of a smelting converter, and the smelting converter has a split outer shell that can be easily removed. Improvements have been made in areas of the shell body that are expected to be subject to damage or abuse.

The advantages and benefits brought about by the present invention will be apparent from the detailed embodiments of the present invention described below and the accompanying drawings.

〔Example〕

Before describing embodiments of the present invention, a comparative example of the prior art will be given to clarify the features and effects of the present invention.

(Comparative Example) A pyrometallurgical method for producing copper from concentrated copper sulfide ore consists of the following melting and smelting process. The first step is usually smelting in a static furnace, the most commonly used being an Outokumpu or INCO flash furnace. This is pine smelting using a reverberatory furnace. The second step is copper smelting, which is typically carried out in a Peirce-Smith type horizontal converter. Relatively new smelting methods, such as those used in the Noranda and EL Teniente types, completely or partially combine the two processes of pine smelting and copper smelting. Use a converted converter.

A common feature of the copper sulfide ore smelting methods described above is that a Peirce-Smith type converter is used as the main facility for producing blister copper. A typical converter according to the prior art is shown in FIG. 4 (front view) and FIG. 5 (side view). In the figure, the converter 7 consists of a metal cylindrical shell 1 with rotating means 2. The cylindrical shell 1 is lined with a refractory material (not shown) and has a gas outlet 3 for releasing exhaust gases.

The oxidizing gas for accelerating the reaction in the smelting converter is provided at a predetermined location along at least a portion of the outer shell, preferably along the entire length of the outer shell, with a diameter installed horizontally or at a slight angle of inclination. It is injected through tuyeres 4, which are approximately 2 inch (approximately 5.1 inches) tubular openings. The openings of these tuyeres 4 are normally located below the central axis of the converter when the converter is in operation. The arrangement of this tuyere 4 is shown in FIG. Oxidizing gas is supplied to these tuyeres 4 from an air distribution device 5 which is an oxidizing gas distribution device,
Introduced into a molten metal bath in a converter, the molten metal bath in the case of copper mat smelting contains molten copper sulphide and copper. Then, it is passed into the molten metal bath through a pipe lined with refractory metal from a pipe of about 2 inches (inner diameter) made of special steel that is suitably connected to the air distribution device 5, which is an oxidizing gas distribution device. It has been inserted.

The refractory lining of the converter is selected based on the special requirements of the type of smelting carried out in the converter. As the operating time of the converter increases, the refractory lining gradually deteriorates, and this appears as damage to the refractory lining. The thickness of this refractory lining becomes thin enough to impair the strength of the converter shell and the operating efficiency of the converter. At that point, the converter must be shut down and overhauled for repair, but first of all, there is a risk that the converter will be unable to operate on-and-off when the converter starts operating again. Damaged sections of refractory lining must be repaired or replaced. The time required to carry out this overhaul is calculated from the time when the converter operation is stopped until the converter starts operating again, and usually takes 12 to 20 days, depending on the converter model. It takes. This time includes the time to cool the converter to ambient temperature and the time to heat the converter to operational temperature. The time during which operation is stopped results in a considerable loss of production capacity.

The way these converters are currently operated causes the greatest damage to the refractory lining in the area around and near the tuyeres. The degree of damage to the refractory in these areas determines when the converter should be shut down for repair of the refractory lining. Since repair of the refractory lining requires the converter to be cooled to ambient temperature, this will therefore have a detrimental effect on the service life of the parts where the refractory lining is intact and will prevent this from occurring in the future. Parts become in need of more frequent repairs. Thus, the reliability of the converter is reduced and maintenance costs are increased.

In order to improve the operating rate and reliability of this converter, the inventor proposed a method to easily repair or replace damaged parts of the refractory lining from outside the converter without cooling the converter to room temperature. The outer shell structure of the converter has been improved to enable this. usually,
The parts of the refractory lining of the converter that suffer the most damage are:
This is the area around the tuyere that becomes hot due to oxidation reactions.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the overall structure of the improved converter for smelting according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a divided metal outer shell section divided into predetermined areas of the improved converter according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a front view showing the structure of FIG.

As is clear from the figure, the improved converter according to the present invention has a converter shell in which the converter outer shell is divided into predetermined areas (metallic divided outer shell portions) around the tuyere area 10 of the converter outer shell. The basic idea is to set up

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the divided outer shell part according to the present invention is a metal divided outer shell part connected by a flange 12 and bolts 15 to a metal cylindrical outer shell 1 of a smelting converter. A shell 11 is attached and an opening 14 is provided in the tuyere region 4. Between the divided outer shell portion 11 and the refractory lining material 13, there is a ceramic layer 16 (manufactured by Carborundum, trade name: Fiberflux) made of heat-resistant and insulating oxide fiber with a thickness of about 1 mm to A thin layer of 6 mm is formed. Note that the thickness of this ceramic layer is preferably 10 mm or less.
Even with such a configuration, there is almost no decrease in productivity due to a reduction in the effective volume inside the converter, and furthermore, the metal divided outer shell portion 11 can be easily removed. By adopting such a configuration, seizing of the split outer shell portion 11 and the lining refractory material 13 due to the high heat generated by the operation of the smelting converter can be prevented, and irregularities in the lining refractory material can be prevented. Due to the expansion, even if the end (edge) of the refractory lining of the adjacent converter shell is intertwined and a strong joint is formed, the split shell part 11 can be easily removed and will not be damaged. The refractory lining material 13 can be repaired or replaced easily and quickly.

Each of the segmented shell sections of the improved converter shell is provided with a predetermined number of tuyeres, so that the refractory bricks or The number of layers of materials will be determined automatically. The thickness of the refractory brick or refractory material in this area will also depend on the nature and degree of damage to which the area is expected to be subjected. The length of the segmented shells divided into predetermined zones depends on the overall length of the converter, the number of tuyeres required by the converter, and the facilities available on site for removing these segmented shells. It's coming to an end. These divided outer shell parts are rectangular divided outer shell parts that match the degree of curvature of the converter outer shell. The fitting of the converter outer shell part and the divided outer shell part is done at the longitudinal end, respectively.
It has a flange 12 projecting towards the outside of the converter and is connected by bolts, thereby:
Compared to conventional converters (i.e., converters without split shells), the split shells can be attached to the converter shell by bolts without sacrificing mechanical strength. Makes it easy to install.

The main work steps for repairing the refractory lining in the area around the tuyere in the improved converter of the present invention are as follows.

(a) Stop the operation of the converter without cooling it from its operating temperature; (b) Remove the piping from the air distribution device, which is the oxidizing gas distribution device; Remove the bolts connecting the flanges of the converter outer shell, (d) operate and remove each divided outer shell from the outside of the converter outer shell, (e) repair or replace the damaged lining refractory material, (f) Reattach the previously removed split outer shell to the converter outer shell, and (g) Reconnect the piping between the air distribution device that supplies oxidizing gas and each tuyere.

It is clear that the invention disclosed herein is well designed to accomplish the objectives of the invention. On the other hand, it is contemplated that numerous modifications and variations of the present invention may be devised by those skilled in the art, all such modifications and variations falling within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
It is included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[Effect of idea]

As explained in detail above, the converter for metal smelting of the present invention has an improved design and a simplified split shell, and is suitable for metal smelting products, especially copper, nickel, lead, etc. It can be applied to many types of converters used in non-ferrous metal smelting.

The improved converter with the simplified split shell according to the present invention has the following remarkable effects compared to the repair of the refractory lining of the conventional converter.

1. By significantly shortening the time required for converter repair, it is possible to increase the utilization rate of the converter and improve the productivity of the smelting converter.

2. During repairs, it is possible to avoid the negative effects of lowering the temperature of the converter to ambient temperature, save thermal energy and reduce repair costs, and the refractory lining of the converter can be avoided. The reliability of the refractory lining and its service life can be increased in the undamaged part of the refractory.

3. Factors working conditions for converter repair and maintenance can be improved and simplified.

4. This repair method can be applied to any part of the converter shell of various types that requires more frequent repair of the refractory lining.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing the structure of the improved smelting converter according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows the structure of the divided outer shell portion divided into predetermined areas of the improved smelting converter according to the present invention. 3 is a diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the divided outer shell part in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a front view showing the structure of a conventional smelting converter, and FIG. 5 is shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view of a conventional smelting converter. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Cylindrical shell, 2...Rotating means, 3...Gas outlet, 4...Tuyere portion, 5...Air distribution device, 7...Converter, 9...Improved converter, 10 ...Tyyere surrounding area, 11...Divided outer shell part, 12...Flange, 13...Inner refractory material, 14...Opening,
15...Volt, 16...Ceramics layer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] 1. In a metal smelting converter having a horizontally placed cylindrical metal outer shell provided with a refractory lining, a converter for smelting metals is provided with a refractory lining at a portion where the refractory lining is significantly damaged. The corresponding outer shell area of the above-mentioned smelting converter is divided into one or more sections and is provided with a metal divided outer shell part having a shape that is easy to remove and reinstall, and the inner surface of the divided outer shell part and the corresponding divided outer shell part are provided. A thin flat gap is formed between the lining refractory material provided as a lining, and a thin ceramic sheet made of a heat-resistant and insulating oxide is inserted into the gap between the inner surface of the split outer shell and the lining. A converter for smelting metals, characterized in that it has at least one section of a divided outer shell section that is inserted without being fixed into the gap between the refractory material and the refractory material. 2. The divided outer shell is a part of the outer shell of the smelting converter where the lining refractory material suffers significant damage, and is divided into one or more approximately rectangular sections,
The smelting converter according to claim 1, wherein the outer shell of the smelting converter is fitted into an assembled structure using flanges and bolts. 3 The ceramic sheet is made of aluminum oxide,
Utility model registration claim No. 1, characterized in that it is a sheet-shaped, blanket-shaped or cloth-shaped oxide fiber made of at least one kind of heat-resistant and insulating oxide fiber selected from silicon oxide and titanium oxide. The smelting converter according to item 1 or 2. 4. The smelting converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3 of the utility model registration claim, wherein the thickness of the ceramic sheet is 10 mm or less, or 6 mm or less.