JPH032109A - Medium for cultivating microorganism, insect pest controlling tool and insect pest control using same medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a naturally degradable insect pest controlling tool having high insecticidal effects, capable of being readily arranged on trees from which insect pests have to be expelled by efficiently culturing microorganisms with which insect pests are infected or a spore thereof by using a microorganism culturing medium prepared by impregnating rice straw with a medium component. CONSTITUTION:A medium component is impregnated into rice straw sterilized preferably by hot water, especially rice straw rope to give a microorganism culturing medium capable of efficiently culturing microorganisms. A microorganism with which insect pests are infected and/or a spore thereof is cultured in the medium to give an insect pest expelling tool showing excellent insecticidal effects on insect pests such as long-horned beetles and May beetle. The insect pest controlling tool is readily arranged on trees from which insect pests have to be removed by winding the tool around trees or hanging from trees, has smaller harm to men and animals than a chemical insecticide and does not require recovery because of natural degradation.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Fields> The present invention relates to microorganism cultivation substrates and pest extermination tools and pest extermination methods using microorganisms, and particularly to; It has excellent insecticidal effects against pests such as insects.

Conventional technology> In recent years, there has been an increasing trend in the number of cases of longhorn beetles infesting farmers. For example, Kiboshikamikiri is used for mulberry and Japanese itejiku, and Gomadankamikiri is used for pear and apple. The beetles grow on the clouds and cause great damage. Other species such as the spotted beetle and the cedar beetle cause spinal pressure on trees.

The damage caused by the mulberry tree is particularly severe, and it is spreading over a wide area. Kamikirim 7 lays eggs on mulberry bark, and the hatched larvae damage the wood by making deep holes in the wood.The length of the feeding holes can be, for example, 69 cm or more. It loses its physiological functions and dies.

Chemical insecticides may be used to exterminate longhorn beetles. However, because longhorn beetles are boring pests, it is difficult for chemical insecticides to reach the larvae on the tree trunk. Therefore, longhorn beetles cannot be effectively exterminated. The 27 leaves are used for raising silkworms.

The use of chemical pesticides has unfavorable effects on silkworms. Figs, pears, and apples are edible.

The use of chemical pesticides harms humans and animals.

In order to solve these drawbacks, attempts have been made to use filamentous fungi (such as Beauveria tenella), which are natural enemy microorganisms of longhorn beetles, in place of chemical insecticides. Filamentous fungi frequently parasitize longhorn beetles, especially longhorn beetles, and are not pathogenic to silkworms. To exterminate longhorn beetles using this filamentous fungus, the filamentous fungus is cultivated, for example, in bran culture medium.

This is done by directly spraying the cultured bacteria together with a culture medium on trees such as mulberry. Spraying of cultured bacteria is carried out in accordance with the time of emergence of longhorn beetles. However, in this method, since the cultured bacteria cannot sufficiently absorb the medium components, the cultured bacteria are in a state close to that of dormant cells, and the desired insecticidal effect on filamentous fungi cannot be expressed.

Furthermore, of the cultured bacteria that were sprayed, only 11 were absorbed into the soil without attaching to the trees, and their insecticidal efficiency was poor.

Furthermore, there is a risk that the fungi that adhere to trees may be washed away by natural conditions (rain, wind, etc.).

The inventors of the present invention have made repeated studies to solve these drawbacks, and have
JP-A-63-190807 proposes a pest control tool using a culture carrier having culture medium components. Although this carrier has excellent medium retaining properties and shape retaining properties, it is difficult to arrange it on an irregularly shaped curved surface such as a tree if the carrier is made of an elastic material such as 9-foam. However, since such materials do not naturally disintegrate, it is necessary to store them in one plate.

On the other hand, although the same publication discloses cardboard or the like as a carrier, it is necessary to increase the thickness in order to improve the ability to retain culture medium components, making it difficult to arrange it on the irregularly shaped curved surface. In addition, when 1ffi of the medium is retained, the mechanical strength decreases and becomes more likely to tear.

It has its practical uses and problems.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides a medium that can efficiently culture microorganisms and a naturally disintegrating pest extermination tool with excellent insecticidal effects. The purpose is to

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for exterminating pests that can be easily placed on trees and the like.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have made further studies and have developed a medium that can efficiently culture microorganisms by using rice straw as a carrier for retaining medium components. In order to complete the present invention, we have discovered that a pest control tool prepared by culturing pest-infecting microorganisms and/or their spores in this medium is naturally disintegrating and exhibits an excellent insecticidal effect. Finally.

That is, 1. the present invention provides a microorganism culture medium obtained by impregnating rice straw with medium components, and a microorganism for pest infection and/or
Or, it provides a pest extermination tool made by culturing the spores. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for exterminating pests, characterized in that the above-mentioned pest extermination tool is placed on a tree or the like to be exterminated.

In the present invention, rice straw is impregnated with medium components.

It is made by harvesting rice, removing the ears, and drying rice straw, and because it is fibrous, it has natural disintegration properties. Rice straw can be used in any form for summer use, but rice straw ropes are preferred from the viewpoint of workability in placing it on trees.

In the present invention, the rice straw is impregnated with medium components and used as a culture carrier for culturing microorganisms, but it is desirable to sterilize the rice straw to prevent contamination with microorganisms other than the target microorganisms. For this purpose, it is preferable to immerse rice straw in hot water containing culture medium components to perform sterilization treatment and impregnation at the time of opening.

Although it is possible to sufficiently sterilize the product through such treatment, it is difficult to work with when placing it on trees, etc.

It is preferable to tie the rice straw bundles in advance at both ends or in the middle with a string-like material that will not deteriorate or disintegrate in hot water to prevent them from unraveling. In addition to the above-mentioned string-like material, a heat-resistant adhesive or the like can also be used to prevent the film from coming off.

The medium components include an assimilable carbon source, an assimilable nitrogen source, inorganic salts, and natural substances.

Examples of carbon sources include glucose, lactose, maltose, glycerin, and starch.

There's molasses. The nitrogen source VC is, for example, ammonium sulfate,
There are ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate.

Examples of inorganic salts VC include phosphates such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and magocilam sulfate. magnesium.

Contains potassium and calcium. Natural organic substances include, for example,
Animal tissue extracts or grinds such as meat extracts, fish extracts, pupa flour; malt extracts and coke cheese liquor. Plant tissue extracts such as soybean oil; microbial cells such as dried yeast, e-mother extract, polypeptone, and their extracts.

Also, is rice straw itself a carbon source? Since there is a sufficient nitrogen source, there is no need to impregnate the culture medium with any of these components.

In addition, in order to improve the carrying capacity of rice straw as a culture carrier by imparting water-holding properties to the above-mentioned medium components (for example, agar, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, carboxymethylcellulose, alkynoate, gelatin, etc.) 0.1 to 3 ON'J1:
It can be added within a range of %. By adding a hydrophilic polymer in this manner, there is no need to replenish water to the microbial culture medium of the present invention.

moreover.

By coexisting with an attractant, the insecticidal effect on the pests to be exterminated can be enhanced.

A pest control tool can be obtained by culturing pest-infecting microorganisms and/or their spores in the microbial culture medium obtained as described above. Microorganisms to be cultured include ril, such as Benuveria tenella (Benuveria tenella).
a), Beauveria bassina
bassiana).

Metarrhizium anisopliae (Metarrhiziu)
m anisopliae).

Verticillium reca = (Verticillium
Iecanfi).

Synnemium A-Jonesy
jonesii). To exterminate longhorn beetles, use Beauveria tenera.
lla) is particularly preferred.

In the present invention, the surface of rice straw is covered with the hyphae of pest-infecting microorganisms and their spores in the culture medium (A for pest control) in which microorganisms are cultured, for example, in about one week at 25°C. Spores are more effective at killing pests such as longhorn beetles than hyphae.

The number of spores has a high insecticidal effect on the surface area of rice straw. The number of spores rJ is 106 or more per 1 d of surface area of rice straw, and usually 10' to 10' spores per 1 d of rice straw.

The obtained fixed pest extermination tool is mainly used for exterminating longhorn beetles. As a method of extermination, this extermination tool can be sprayed on trees such as tabs.

In order to enhance the insecticidal effect, it is preferable to place the pest extermination tool on the trunks and branches of trees, the supports of vinyl houses, etc.

As a method of extermination, a rice straw culture medium (pest extermination tool) in which microorganisms have been cultured is wrapped around the tree to be exterminated, or suspended. It is preferable to make the rice straw into a shape, and in order to hang the rice straw, put a loosening stopper on the rice straw and use this part to hang it on a tree. It is also unreasonable to place it on a tree branch from the point of view of workability.

Longhorn beetles are nocturnal and have the habit of crawling around trees at night and gathering in thick parts of tree trunks, and concentrating in dark areas such as shadows during the day. Therefore, by wrapping the pest control tool of the present invention around a tree as described above, the probability of contact is high and the insecticidal effect is increased.

A similar effect can also be achieved when the extermination tool is hung from a tree branch or the like. 20 days is enough for the extermination effect to be exerted, but it is good 11-. <Vi 40 days after sunset. Since the pest control tool of the present invention uses rice straw as a culture carrier, it is assimilated by microorganisms such as filamentous fungi to be cultured and naturally disintegrates, and there is no need to collect it, making it practical. .

On the other hand, the pest control tool of the present invention can be applied not only to the above-mentioned longhorn beetles but also to scarab beetles.

Scarabs are not only related to forestry such as tree nurseries and plantations, but also locusts. It also damages crops such as sweet potatoes and groundnuts. ing. When the mold is infested with filamentous fungi using the extermination tool of the present invention.

Even if the adult insect itself is not killed, the eggs laid by the adult insect will not hatch.

In addition to the above-mentioned longhorn beetles f scarab beetles, the present invention is also effective against nematodes that parasitize and cause damage to plants, and in this case, bacteria, which are natural enemy microorganisms of nematodes, Pasteurella penetrance is preferably used.

<Examples> Examples of the present invention will be shown below and explained in more detail.

Example 1 40 g of pupa powder was added to 1 g of water to extract the extract, and 20 g of glucose was added to prepare a basic medium.

Gathered cotton made of 2 bundles of rice straw tied into several dozen strands (approx. 10Rmφ×
60 cTL) was immersed in 1 oad of basal medium containing 1.5 M% agar and autoclaved (121'C.

It was sterilized for 20 minutes at 1.2 atm) and impregnated at the same time. After impregnating, the collected cotton was transferred to a sterile petri dish and left to dry day and night. In addition, the collected cotton separated and fell apart after being autoclaved.

Next, Beauveria tenera (Beauveria te
The above-mentioned rice straw was immersed for 2 to 3 seconds to be inoculated into a liquid culture solution in which P. nella) was cultured in a basic medium, and then cultured at 25°C.

After 2 days of culture, bacterial growth was observed on all rice straw.

Mycelia grew on the entire surface of the rice straw. The number of spores is approximately 107/
It is c4.

On the other hand, when culturing was carried out in the same manner as above except for using water without using the basic medium containing 1.5 wt% agar as a medium component, the bacteria gradually proliferated.
After a week, mycelial growth was observed on more than 70% of the surface of the rice straw. The number of spores was approximately 107/c4.

Example 2 Adult Japanese cedar beetles (male and female each) 3 to 5 days after physicolysis were placed on pest control tools impregnated with the basic medium obtained in Example I and grown with bacteria. The patient was allowed to walk for 1 minute.

After walking, the adult insects were given honey and water and kept at 22°C, but the male died on the 4th day and the female on the 7th day.

70 pieces of the carcasses of the cedar beetles (both male and female)
% ethyl alcohol.

Impregnate it with distilled water and place it in a plate together with filter paper.

Stored at 24°C. As a result, Beauveria tenella develops locally in the joints of the corpse.

Example 3 The same test as in Example 2 was carried out, except that Verticillium 1eeanii (isolated from the carcass of a long-eared beetle) was inoculated instead of Beauveria tenella. As a result, both male and female adult beetles lived for more than 15 days, with the male dying on the 155th day and the female dying on the 188th day. However, during the breeding period, the females lay eggs, which are covered with filamentous fungi and do not hatch.

When the carcass of a Japanese cedar beetle was preserved in the same manner as in Example 2, Verticillium liani developed over the entire surface of the carcass.

Example 4 An experiment similar to Example 2 was conducted, except that adults of the Japanese longhorn beetles were used in place of adult Japanese cedar beetles. As a result, the yellow-crowned mantis died on the 10th day, and on the 4th day after death, the body surface was covered with Beauveria tenella.

Example 5 The length of the cotton collected in Example 1 was 50 c1rL, both ends and the center were tied with thread to prevent loosening, and the cotton was collected in boiling base medium 12 containing 1.5% by weight agar for 20 minutes as described above. 'aR
A few bundles were put in and impregnated with the medium. After impregnation, a VC rope was put in a sterile vat and left overnight.

After the rice straw medium was boiled, the culture of Beauveria tenella 500ml was added to the rice straw medium.
x/VC for several seconds, inoculated, cultured for 3 days, and used as a pest control tool.

Example 6 The extermination tool obtained in Example 5 was applied to cedar logs (10011
1Lφxs00cm), lmXlmX1
5 male and 5 female Japanese cedar beetles were placed in a lock chamber of 100 m and left there for a day and night.The next morning, 10 were captured and reared in the same manner as in Example 2, but all of them died after 7 days. After death.

As a result of processing and preserving in the same manner as in Example 2, Beauveria tenella was locally generated in all the carcasses.

Example 7 In Example 5, the loosened part of the extermination tool was secured to a mulberry tree branch. After leaving the long-eared beetles on this tree and confirming that they came into contact with each other, the long-eared long-eared beetles were reared and preserved in the same manner as in Example 4.

The same results as in Example 4 were obtained.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the rice straw culture medium and pest control tool of the present invention have a high culture efficiency of pest-infecting microorganisms and/or spores, and are excellent in insecticidal effects. In particular, it has a high insecticidal effect against longhorn beetles, and because it kills insects using microorganisms and/or spores, it does not cause any harm when replaced compared to chemical insecticides.

In addition, rice straw exhibits natural decomposition properties when it is recycled, so one collection is not necessary.

In the pest extermination method of the present invention, it is sufficient to simply place the pest extermination tool on the trunk or branch of a tree, and the insect pest control tool is not absorbed by microorganisms into soil damage and can effectively kill insect pests. Since the culture carrier uses rice straw, it can be easily placed on a tree by anchoring it to a tree or the like and wrapping it around the suspension once, so the method of the present invention can be easily carried out. Therefore, the pest extermination tool of the present invention and the pest extermination method using the same can be effectively used for exterminating pests such as longhorn beetles and scarab beetles.
- get.

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) A microbial culture medium made by impregnating rice straw with medium components. (2) Claim (1) in which the rice straw is sterilized with hot water
) The microorganism culture medium described in ). (3) The microorganism culture medium according to claim (1) or (2), wherein the rice straw is rice straw rope. (4) A pest control tool obtained by culturing pest-infecting microorganisms and/or spores of the pest-infecting microorganisms in the microbial culture medium according to claims (1) to (3). (5) A method for exterminating pests, which comprises placing the pest extermination tool according to claim (4) on a tree or the like to be exterminated. (6) The pest extermination method according to claim (5), wherein the pest extermination tool is wrapped around a tree or the like to be exterminated. (7) The pest extermination method according to claim (5), wherein the pest extermination tool is suspended from a tree or the like to be exterminated.