JPH0320723Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a cross-sectional shape measuring and recording device that automatically measures the dimensions of a cross-section of an article and records the shape of the cross-section.

In particular, the present invention relates to a device suitable for measuring and recording the cross-sectional dimensions and shapes of metal can lids attached to cans.

(Prior Art) The lids of canned beverages such as beer currently on the market are provided with an easy-to-open portion. The easy-to-open portion consists of an annular thin weakened line provided on the lid body, a handle member for tearing the thin weakened line by lever action, and a rivet for attaching the handle member to the lid body. The rivet is made by narrowing the lid body into a small-diameter bell-shaped portion, fitting the bell-shaped portion into a hole provided in the handle member, and flattening the top surface of the bell-shaped portion. It is formed. Since the rivet is formed in a harsh manner, cracks may occur, or if the rivet is not formed properly, an accident may occur in which the handle member falls off.

In order to prevent these accidents, it is necessary to measure the cross-sectional dimensions in detail, record the shape, and control quality. For this reason, in the past, the portion of the can lid including the rivets was cut, the cross section was projected onto a magnifying projector, the cross section was copied by hand, and the cross sectional view thus copied was used as the cross sectional view for recording purposes. In addition, the dimensions of the product were actually measured using a micrometer, caliper, etc. for quality control purposes.

(Problems that the invention aims to solve) As mentioned above, measuring the dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the rivet and recording the shape is a manual process, which is time-consuming and may lead to measurement errors by the measurer. .

The present invention is a fully automatic cross-sectional shape measuring device that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and eliminates measurement errors caused by the measurer.It requires less measurement time and can quickly save and output cross-sectional shapes and measured values. It's easy to do,
The object of the present invention is to obtain a cross-sectional shape measuring and recording device that can quickly respond to quality control at manufacturing sites.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The device of the present invention includes a cassette holder 80 that holds a pre-cut sample and fixes the cut surface in a predetermined position, and a cassette holder 80 that fixes the cassette holder 80 in a predetermined position. a sample table 15 to be mounted, and x, y tables 21x, 21 to linearly move the sample table 15 in orthogonal directions, respectively.
y, and magne scales 33x, 3 that measure the respective linear movement amounts of the x, y tables 21x, 21y.
3y, an optical stereoscopic microscope 13 that magnifies the cross section of the sample fixed on the sample table 15, a video camera 14 that captures the enlarged real image of the microscope 13 as a black and white image, and records the image of the video camera 14. A video tape recorder 106 that prints out the recorded screen of the video tape recorder 106, a video printer 108 that prints out the recorded screen of the video tape recorder 106, and a video printer 108 that divides the enlarged black and white image of the video camera 14 into a plurality of pixels and calculates each pixel within the measurement range by luminance. It includes an image analysis device 102 that expresses numerical values, and a computer 100. and the number of pixels with a predetermined luminance value in the next measurement range, and instructs the image analysis device 102 to specify these measurement ranges, and calculates each of the measurement ranges sent from the image analysis device 102. Among the brightness values of pixels, the number of pixels with a predetermined brightness value is counted, compared with the specified number of pixels, and x, until the comparison matches.
An addition/comparison circuit that emits a signal that slightly moves the y tables 21x, 21y, and the x, y tables 21x, 21 from the time when the first comparison matches until the time when the next comparison matches.
This is a cross-sectional shape measuring and recording device characterized by comprising a storage output circuit that stores and outputs the amount of movement in y.

(Function) Since the device of the present invention has the configuration described above, when the cassette holder is placed on the sample table, the cross section of the sample is placed in a predetermined position without causing any major deviation. In this state, the cross section is magnified using a microscope, and a black and white enlarged image is obtained using a video camera.
The computer specifies the first measurement range to the image analysis device, and the image analysis device sends the brightness value of the first measurement range to the computer. The computer compares the number of pixels showing a predetermined brightness value among the brightness values sent with a predetermined number of pixels, moves the x, y table until the comparison matches, and when they match, the computer The position of the x,y table is stored as the measurement starting point. Next, the computer instructs the image analysis device about the next measurement range, and the image analysis device sends the brightness value of the next measurement range to the computer. The computer compares the number of pixels showing a predetermined brightness value among the brightness values sent with a predetermined number of pixels, moves the x, y table until the comparison matches, and when they match, the computer The distance traveled from the x, y table position to the measurement start point where the first comparison matches is displayed and stored as a measured value.

(Example) FIG. 1 is a side view of the device of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a rectangular base, and the four corners of the lower surface of the base 1 are provided with screw legs 2 for making the base 1 horizontal. A column 3 is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base 1, and a rod 4 is fixed horizontally to the upper part of the column 3. An L-shaped plate 5 is fixed at the bottom of the tip of the rod 4 so that its short side 6 hangs down, and a pulse motor 7 is suspended and fixed to the plate 5 by an L-shaped member. are doing. At each end of the rod 4, a screw screwed into a fixed nut is rotated by the rotational movement of the belt 8 of the pulse motor 7, and an L-shaped pivot member is formed by the horizontal movement of the screw accompanying the rotation. A vertical motion converting section 9 is fixedly provided for pushing one end of the pivot member and causing the other end of the pivot member to move vertically, thereby vertically moving the horizontal column 10. Board 5
The pulse motor 7 is connected to the short side 6 of
A high frequency oscillation type proximity switch 12 is fixedly installed to rotate forward and reverse and stop. At the bottom of the horizontal support 10, an origin specifying member 11, which is the object of the proximity switch 12, is fixedly installed. An optical stereoscopic microscope 13 is vertically fixed at the tip of the horizontal support 10. A video camera 14 is capable of viewing the same image as that of the microscope 13. When the proximity switch 12 detects the origin specifying member 11 and stops the pulse motor 7, the horizontal column 10 also stops, and the microscope 13 and video camera 1 are moved to the stopped position.
The lenses of the microscope 13 and the video camera 14 are adjusted in advance so that the image 4 is in focus.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the apparatus of the present invention with the microscope 13 removed, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention with the microscope 13 omitted. Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, 15 is a sample table, and on its horizontal upper surface 16 is an X-direction ruler plate 1 extending in the left-right direction of the apparatus (hereinafter referred to as the
7, and a Y-direction ruler plate 18 extending from the front of the device toward the back (hereinafter, this direction will be referred to as the Y direction) is fixedly provided. The inner ruler portions 19 and 20 of the ruler plates 17 and 18 extend vertically upward from the upper surface 16 of the sample table 15, and
exactly perpendicular to the direction.

The sample table 15 is fixed on an X table 21x that can move linearly in the X direction. A pair of linear motion bearings 22x and 22x' extending in the X direction are installed on both sides of the lower surface of the X table 21x, and an X table support member 23x is installed below the bearings 22x and 22x'. be.
A pair of power connectors 24x, 24x' are fixedly connected to the X table support member 23x, and a pulse motor 25x is connected to the power connectors 24x, 24x'.
is permanently installed. The shaft 26 of the pulse motor 25x
x has a ball screw 2 attached to its tip via a joint 27x.
8x is fixedly installed. The ball screw 28x is screwed into an X screw hole (not shown) provided in the X table support member 23x, and as the ball screw 28x rotates, the X table 21x can move linearly in the X direction. ing. Also, the pulse motor 25
The axis 26x of x has a disk 29x fixedly attached to it,
The number of revolutions of the shaft 26x is detected at one point on the circumference of the disk 29x, and if it rotates too much, the pulse motor 25
A proximity switch 30x is fixedly attached to the power connector 24x.

The sample table 15 can be moved linearly in the X direction by the members 21x to 30x described above, but
In order to move linearly in the direction, members 21x to 30
This device includes members 21y to 30y that are the same as x. In order to avoid duplication of explanation, the same numbers are distinguished by subscripts x and y.Here, the X table support member 23x is fixed on the Y table 21y,
The Y table support member 23y is fixed to a fine adjustment table 32 which can be finely adjusted by means of adjustment bolts 31, and the fine adjustment table 32 is fixed to the base 1. Also, x, y table support members 23x, 23
A limit switch (not shown) for detecting the origin of the table is fixedly mounted on the X and Y tables 21x and 21y, and origin indicating members to be tested by each limit switch are fixedly mounted on the X and Y tables 21x and 21y.

In order to measure the amount of movement of the sample table 15 in the X-Y direction, this device uses a known Magnescale 3.
3x, 33y, and the Magnescale 3
A moving sensor section 34x of 3x is fixed to the side wall of the sample table 15 with an L-shaped member 36, a fixed ruler section 35x of the scale 33x is fixed on the Y table 21y, and the magnescale 33
The y movement sensor section 34y is fixed to the lower surface of the Y table 21y by a shaped member 37,
The fixed ruler section 35y is fixed on the fine adjustment table 32.

4 to 7 are diagrams showing a cassette 50 for holding a lid cut in advance into a half-moon shape along a line passing through the center of the rivet portion in a predetermined position each time a measurement is made. 50 is a top view of FIG.
7 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 4. In the figure, 51 is a rectangular bottom plate, and the bottom plate 51 has eight blocks, 52, 53, 54,
55, 56, 57, 58, and 59 are mounted, and each block has screw holes provided in block 52 and blocks 53, 54, 55, and 5 on both sides thereof.
They are brought together by horizontal bolts 60, 60' passed through holes provided in blocks 6, 57, 58, and 59, and bolts are inserted into holes provided in bottom plate 51 and screw holes provided in blocks 53 and 58. 61 and is fixed to the bottom plate 51. Blocks 53, 54, 55, 5
Between 6, 57, 58, and 59 are six cavities that house half-moon-shaped lids (the cross-section is shown in bold lines in Figure 5, and the side view is shown in broken lines in Figure 7). 62. In each of the cavities 62, a lid mounting plate 63 having a V-shaped upper surface is movable up and down by a pair of adjustment pins 64, 64' screwed onto the bottom plate 51 and movable up and down. It is installed so that its installation position can be adjusted. Block 53,5
On the cavity 62 side of 4, 55, 56, 57, 58,
A protrusion 66 is provided which protrudes in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped from the top surface 65 of each block. 68 is an upper plate, and the upper plate 68 is placed on the top surface 65 of each block,
It is provided with six rectangular holes 67 into which protrusions 66 of the block are fitted. Cavity 62 of the rectangular hole 67
A projection 69 is provided on the side, and the lid inserted into the cavity 62 is supported at two points on the V-shaped upper surface of the lid mounting plate 63, and the rivet of the lid is held by the projection 69 and the projection 66. Hold and support. In order to obtain this clamping force, bolts and nuts 71 and 72 are fixedly installed on both sides of the block 54 and the upper plate 68, respectively, and a spring 73 is applied between the bolts and nuts 71 and 72, so that the upper plate 68 is secured to the fourth , 5, and 6 are pulled to the left. In addition, putting the lid in and out of the cavity 62 is as follows:
This is done by shifting the upper plate 68 to the right in the drawing, so when the protrusion 69 and the protrusion 66 come into contact, the rectangular hole 67 is formed on the left side of the protrusion 66 in the drawing.
It has a width greater than the width of the cavity 62, and the upper plate 6
8 is a bolt 74 screwed into blocks 53 and 58
It is attached to the top of each block so that it can be moved by this width. In the figure, 75 is a calibration pin, and by periodically measuring the outer diameter of the pin with this device,
Perform a hole measurement function check.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show a cassette holder 80 that accommodates the cassette 50 and allows the cross section of the lid to be placed at a predetermined position on the sample table 15. The upper half of FIG. 8 shows a top view, the lower half shows a bottom view, and FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view in the direction of the - line arrow in FIG.

The cassette holder 80 consists of a top plate 81, an end hanging plate 82, and side hanging plates 83, 83'.
The surfaces of these plates 81, 82, 83, 83' are made to be exactly orthogonal to each other. The central bottom portions of the lateral hanging plates 83, 83' are cut out in a U-shape, and pivoted fasteners 84, 84' are attached to these portions. Top plate 8
1 has a rectangular central hole 85 in its center and a round hole 8 for the calibration pin 75 located on the end hanging plate 82 side.
7, but there are round holes 8 on the horizontal hanging plates 83, 83' side.
8, 88' and oblong holes 89, 89' are provided. To store the cassette 50 in the cassette holder 80, the fasteners 84, 84' are rotated 90 degrees to open them, and the cassette 50 is inserted from the bottom of the holder 80. Then bolt 7 is inserted into round hole 88, 88'.
4, the top of the bolt nut 72 and the bolt 74 fit into the oblong holes 89 and 89', and the cassette 50
The top surface of the protrusion 66 contacts the bottom surface of the top plate 81,
A portion where the protrusion 66 and the protrusion 69 are in contact is displayed in the center hole 85. Next, return the stoppers 84, 84' to lock them on the lower surface of the bottom plate 51 of the cassette 50,
The cassette 50 is fixed to the holder 80. As a result, the cassette 50 is inserted so that the end surface of the block 52 of the cassette 50 is aligned with the inner surface of the end hanging plate 82 of the holder 80.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the device of the present invention.
13 is a microscope that magnifies the cross section of the sample mentioned above, and 14 is a video camera that captures the enlarged real image using black and white pixels. 102 is an image analysis device. The image analysis device 102 includes a video camera 14
Divide the black and white image into 256 × 256 = 65536 pixels,
One of the pixels within the determined measurement range1
The brightness of each light is expressed as a numerical value using 16 levels of brightness.
The brightness value of each pixel is transmitted to a computer 100, which will be described later and is referred to as a so-called personal computer.

103 is a motor drive amplifier, which sends rotation and stop signals to the pulse motors 25x and 25y;
The signal is transmitted in response to a command from the computer 100. 1
04 is a digital length measuring device, and a pulse motor 25
Magnescale 33x due to rotation of x, 25y,
Measure the amount of movement of 33y and display it digitally,
The movement values in the X and Y directions are transmitted to the computer 100. 107 is a monitor television that displays the black and white image of the video camera 14; Reference numeral 105 denotes an image synthesizing device that synthesizes characters and figures such as comments from the computer 100 and a black and white image from the video camera 14 and displays the synthesized image on the monitor television 107.
106 is a video tape recorder that stores images from the monitor television 107; 108 is a video tape recorder that stores images from the monitor television 107;
It is a video printer that makes photocopies. 10
9 is a printer, and by inputting an output signal to the computer 100, the computer 1
Print out the measured values in the X and Y directions stored in 00. The computer 100 includes an in-out control 101 that converts external signals into computer language and vice versa. In addition, since six samples are installed at predetermined positions on the sample table 15 in the computer 100, measurements consisting of the first measurement range and the next measurement range are made in advance at 7 locations on each sample, and at 42 locations. Also, the video tape recorder 106 is programmed to record the image on the monitor television 107 during the measurement. Furthermore, when the measurement at one location consisting of the first and next measurement ranges is completed, the program issues a signal to the motor drive amplifier 103 to automatically designate the next and first measurement ranges in sequence. Further, the computer 100 is programmed with the allowable number of pixels of a predetermined luminance value for each of the first measurement range and the next measurement range at the seven measurement points of each sample,
The computer 100 counts the number of predetermined brightness values in the measurement range sent from the image analysis device 102 and compares it with the programmed number. A signal is emitted to cause the xy tables 21x and 21y to move slightly, and this fine movement and comparison are continued until the number falls within the allowable range. Equipped with an addition and comparison circuit. Moreover, the computer 10
0 indicates the measurement start point on the digital length measuring device 104 at the position where the number of brightness values in the first measurement range match, and displays the xy tables 21x, 21y to the matching position in the next measurement range. A signal from the digital length measuring device 104 indicating the amount of movement is stored as a measured value, a comment and the measured value are inputted to the image showing the measured value via the image composition device 105, and the measured value is output together with the comment. It is equipped with memory and input/output circuits.

Since the device of the present invention has the configuration described above, when a lid cut into a half-moon shape is inserted into the cavity 62 of the cassette 50, the lid is placed at two points on the lid mounting plate 63 and at three points on the protrusion 69.
It is held in a cassette 50 with point support. When the cassette 50 is inserted into the cassette holder 80,
The cut surface of the lid is the top plate 81 of the cassette holder 80.
contacts the bottom surface of the holder and is accurately positioned. The end hanging plate 82 of the cassette holder 80 holding the lid in this way is placed on the Y direction ruler plate 1 of the sample table 15.
8, and the horizontal hanging plate 83 of the cassette holder 80 is brought into contact with the ruler plate 1 of the table 15.
The holder 80 is placed on the upper surface 16 of the sample table 15 by contacting the inner surface ruler portion 19 of the sample table 15 . With this installation, the cut surface of the lid is
All six sheets are positioned at predetermined positions with respect to the device.

Next, turn on the power to this device. Then, the proximity switch 12 operates to rotate the pulse motor 7 and bring the microscope 13 and video camera 14 into focus, and the limit switches provided on the x and y table support members 23x and 23y rotate the pulse motors 25x and 25y, respectively. Then, the x, y tables 21x, 21y are searched for the origin indicating members provided on the x, y tables 21x, 21y, respectively, and the x, y tables 21x, 21y are guided to predetermined positions.

Next, when a measurement instruction is input to the computer 100, the computer 100 issues a signal to the motor drive amplifier 100 according to the program, rotates the pulse motors 25x and 25y, moves the x, y tables 21x and 21y, and An image of the cross section of the lid is displayed on a monitor television 107. At the same time, the analysis device 102 divides this image into
A numerical value indicating the brightness of each pixel in the initial measurement range is sent to the computer 100. The computer 100 counts the number of pixels with a predetermined brightness value among these values, compares it with the specified number of pixels, and if the number is not within the allowable range, the motor drive amplifier 103
The image analysis device 102 sends a signal to slightly move the x, y table, and again sends a numerical value indicating the brightness to the computer 100. The computer 100 continues this process until the number of pixels exhibiting a predetermined brightness value falls within the allowable range, and causes the digital length measuring device 104 to display zero at the position of the magnescales 33x, 33y that falls within the allowable range as a measurement start point. Next, the computer 100 specifies the next measurement range, and
It operates in the same way as it did in the first measuring range,
While comparing the number of pixels with a predetermined luminance value, move the x, y table 21 toward the direction where the next measurement range is originally located.
Move x and 21y slightly. computer 10
0 means that when it is determined that the predetermined number of pixels falls within the allowable range and the comparison matches, the magnescales 33x, 33y from the measurement start point displayed by the digital length measuring device 104 to the point where the comparison matches. The amount of movement is stored as a measured value, and the pixel synthesis device 105
The measured value is displayed on the monitor television 107 via the monitor TV 107.

The computer 100 performs the above measurements at seven locations on the first lid, as programmed, and repeats the measurements up to the sixth lid.

When the measurement is completed and only the measured value is desired, the data is sent to the printer 10 from the memory circuit in the computer 100.
9. Print out the measured values. Also, if you want the cross-sectional shape or the cross-sectional shape and measurement values,
The video tape recorder 106 is the monitor television 1
07 is constantly being recorded, the video printer 108 prints out a desired screen of the video tape recorder 106 recording screen.

It is also possible to program the tolerance range of each of the seven predetermined values in the computer program of the above-mentioned embodiment and compare it with the measured value, thereby automatically displaying the quality of the cross-sectional shape.

Further, in the above embodiment, the microscope was focused using a proximity switch, but the focus may be adjusted by determining the number of pulses of the pulse motor using a computer program.

(Effects of the invention) As mentioned above, the device of this invention allows the sample to be placed in a predetermined position and is automatically measured using a computer.
Measurement time is short and there is no measurement error caused by the measurer.

Furthermore, since the shape and measured values are recorded using a video tape recorder, visual comparison and judgment of the shape itself can be performed quickly and at any time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side view of the device of the present invention, Figure 2 is a top view of the device of the present invention with the microscope omitted, Figure 3 is a front view of the device with the microscope omitted, and Figure 4 is a can lid that is a measurement sample. Top view of the cassette held in position,
Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 4, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 4, and FIG.
The upper half showing the router is a top view, the lower half is a bottom view, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the device of the present invention. 1...base, 2...screw leg, 3...post, 4...
... Rod, 5 ... Plate, 6 ... Short side of plate 5, 7 ... Pulse motor, 8 ... Belt, 9 ... Vertical movement converter, 10 ... Horizontal support, 12 ... Proximity switch,
11...Origin specifying member, 13...Optical stereoscopic microscope, 14...Video camera, 15...Sample table, 16...Top surface, 17...X direction ruler plate,
18...Y direction ruler plate, 19, 20...Inner ruler section, 21x, 21y...x, y table, 22
x, 22y...Linear motion bearing, 23x, 2
3y...x, y table support member, 24x, 24
y...Power connector, 25x, 25y...Pulse motor, 26x, 26y...Axis, 27x, 27
y...Joint, 28x, 28y...Ball screw, 2
9x, 29y... Disc, 30x, 30y... Proximity switch, 31... Adjustment bolt, 32... Fine adjustment table, 33x, 33y... Magnescale,
34x, 34y...Movement sensor section, 35x, 3
5y...Fixed ruler part, 36...L-shaped member, 37...
... U-shaped member, 50 ... cassette, 51 ... bottom plate,
52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 5
9...Block, 60...Horizontal bolt, 61...Bolt, 62...Cavity, 63...Lid mounting plate, 64...
...Adjustment pin, 65...Top surface, 66...Protrusion, 6
7...Rectangular hole, 68...Top plate, 69...Protrusion, 7
1,72... Bolt nut, 73... Spring, 74
... Bolt, 75 ... Calibration pin, 80 ... Cassette holder, 81 ... Top plate, 82 ... End hanging plate, 83 ... Side hanging plate, 84 ... Stopper, 85
...Central hole, 87...Round hole, 88...Round hole, 89
...Oval hole, 100...Computer, 101...
...In/out control, 102...Image analysis device, 103...Motor drive amplifier, 1
04...Digital length measuring device, 105...Image composition device, 106...Video tape recorder, 107...
...Monitor TV, 108...Video printer, 109...Printer.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A cassette holder 80 that holds a pre-cut sample and fixes the cut surface in a predetermined position.
, a sample table 15 for fixing the cassette holder 80 in a predetermined position, and x and y tables 21x and 21 for linearly moving the sample table 15 in orthogonal directions, respectively.
y, and magne scales 33x, 3 that measure the respective linear movement amounts of the x, y tables 21x, 21y.
3y, an optical stereoscopic microscope 13 that magnifies the cross section of the sample fixed on the sample table 15, a video camera 14 that captures the enlarged real image of the microscope 13 as a black and white image, and records the image of the video camera 14. A video tape recorder 106 that prints out the recorded screen of the video tape recorder 106, a video printer 108 that prints out the recorded screen of the video tape recorder 106, and a video printer 108 that divides the enlarged black and white image of the video camera 14 into a plurality of pixels and calculates each pixel within the measurement range by luminance. It includes an image analysis device 102 that expresses numerical values, and a computer 100. and the number of pixels with a predetermined luminance value in the next measurement range, and instructs the image analysis device 102 to specify these measurement ranges, and calculates each of the measurement ranges sent from the image analysis device 102. Among the brightness values of pixels, the number of pixels with a predetermined brightness value is counted, compared with the specified number of pixels, and x, until the comparison matches.
An addition/comparison circuit that emits a signal that slightly moves the y tables 21x, 21y, and the x, y tables 21x, 21 from the time when the first comparison matches until the time when the next comparison matches.
A cross-sectional shape measuring and recording device comprising a storage output circuit that stores and outputs the amount of movement in y.