JPH03206503A - Numerical controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To deal with a request produced even to the control of a special machine tool without remodeling the software of a computer numerical controller CNC by programming previously a macro-call instruction to call out a macroinstruction corresponding to a numerical control function. CONSTITUTION:When a macroinstruction is called out of a macro-register memory 24, a system variable contained in a macroinstruction is read out of a variable memory 28. The state information of a machine tool 30 is read based on the system variable, and the prescribed numerical control processing is carried out according to the contents of the state information on the tool 30 and based on the macroinstruction read out of the memory 24. Thus it is possible to carry out variable special processing operations desired by users without remodeling the software of the CNC.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a numerical control device, and particularly to a device that can perform various special processing desired by a user without modifying the software of the numerical control device.

(Prior Art) A numerical control device executes numerical control processing based on a command program instructed from a paper tape or the like, and drives a machine tool based on the processing result to process a workpiece according to the command.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of such a conventional numerical control device.

The command program read block by block from the tape reader l1 is first input to the control device 12 which includes a processing device, control program memory, and the like. Next, the control device 12 executes numerical control processing according to the command program and drives the servo motor of the machine tool to move the table or cutter according to the movement command, or the high-power control device 1
Controls such as turning on/off the coolant of the machine tool 14, normal rotation/reverse rotation/stopping of the spindle, etc.

In addition, 15 is an operation panel with switches and buttons for commanding home return, jog, etc., 16 is a manual data input device (hereinafter referred to as MDI) for manually inputting one block of command data, etc., and 17 is a machine. This is a display unit that displays the current position, etc., and each device 11 to 17 (excluding the machine tool 14) is a computer numerical control device (CN
C) is configured.

By the way, the commands given to conventional numerical control devices include movement commands, speed commands, auxiliary function commands that instruct the machine tool to perform predetermined mechanical operations, spindle function commands that instruct the spindle rotation speed, and tool exchange instructions. There are tool function commands to perform and other preparation function commands, etc., and when they are sequentially read, the control device 12 in this CNC decodes and executes those commands, so the machine tool and processing device (CP
It was not possible to change the order of the command programs in accordance with the internal state of the system, such as U), or a state signal set there by an operator from the outside.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in recent years, CNCs have been required to have improved functionality, and it has become necessary to have the ability to command the processing content from a command program depending on the state of the machine tool or NC. . Additionally, CNC software is generally designed to control standard machine tools, but depending on the machine tool,
Or even for the same type of machine tools, the user may require special machine tool control.

In such cases, conventionally the CNC software has been modified each time to enable control in accordance with the special specifications. In other words, numerical control manufacturers modify software each time a special machine tool control is required, which requires a great deal of effort and time, resulting in increased labor costs and, ultimately, increased costs. was.

Therefore, in the past, when a part program contains a group of instructions with different constants but the same statement, in order to avoid having to program each time, a macro definition is added to the tarub, and a specific symbol is added to the part program. There was an idea to perform numerical control processing by giving and storing a macro name and calling it from a command program programmed with a macro call command including a macro identification name.

One type of macro definition is a programming method called a custom macro or user macro.

This allows a function consisting of a group of commands created by the user or machine manufacturer to be registered in advance in the NC device, and the macro can be called up at any time using a simple procedure, just as if special software had been installed. This is a function that can be used with

A macro program that consists of a certain group of instructions is a type of subprogram in that it can then execute a special function by writing representative instructions in a normal program, but it is also a type of subprogram in that a macro program is composed of only normal instructions. Instead, it can be configured using variables, calculation commands, and control commands, and it is also possible to pass arguments (parameters) to and from macro call commands, so numerical control including the machine tool used can be performed. Specifications that match the system, user-specific fixed cycles, and automatic programming can be realized.

Here, a group of registered commands is referred to as a user macro body or simply a macro, and a representative command is referred to as a user macro command or a macro call command.

Here, a variable is something that exists in a macro and is used by giving a value to a variable defined when calling and executing a macro, rather than giving a numerical value directly to a certain address. , which gives macros flexibility and versatility.

For example, a variable can be specified by the variable number i (1, 2,) following # and can be expressed as #i. i.e. #5, #109, #10
Like 05.

In addition to natural numbers, expressions can also be used as variable numbers; in that case, #[#100] .
# [#1001-11, # [#6/2].

You can also replace the number following the address with a variable. That is, programming kuaddress>#i or kuaddress>-#i means that the value of the variable is used as it is, or its complement is used as the command value for that address.

However, the number that can be assigned to a macro variable that can be changed in this way is conventionally limited to a value that is directly specified in a call statement that is a macro call instruction in a command program. Therefore, when executing processing functions such as single-block stop suppression control directly in a program, it is not possible to provide variables that correspond to the multiple types of numerical control processing functions that these machine tools have. This was insufficient to allow users to further independently expand various functions and configure macro instructions.

Therefore, even if special control is required for a machine tool, the present invention can handle the problem without modifying the CNC software by simply programming a macro call command that calls a macro command corresponding to the numerical control function. The purpose is to provide a cost numerical control device.

(Means for Solving the Problem) This purpose is to execute numerical control processing based on a command program in which a user macro calling command including a macro identification name is programmed, and to drive a machine tool based on the processing result. In a numerical control device that processes a workpiece according to commands, a signal indicating a function to suppress a single block stop, a function to disable a feed hold command, a function to override a feed rate command, and a signal indicating a function to override a feed speed command are used. an interface with the machine tool including the feed rate; a variable memory storing system variables whose variable values are state quantities representing state information of the machine tool via this interface; and one or more variable memories. a macro registration memory that stores in advance a plurality of functional instructions that include system variables and can be identified by the macro identifier as macro instructions; and macro processing means for reading out system variables read out and using the system variables to read state information of the machine tool and executing predetermined numerical control processing in accordance with macro commands read out from the macro registration memory according to the contents thereof. This is achieved by a characteristic numerical control device.

(Operation) According to the present invention, when a predetermined user macro is called from the macro registration memory (24) by a user macro call command and the macro processing means (27) executes macro processing according to the user macro, the system It reads the state quantity of the numerical control device or machine tool corresponding to the variable, determines the system state according to the function command specified by the system variable, and selects the special numerical control processing function required at that time. It can be executed by

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a CNC according to the present invention.

In the figure, 21 is a command tape on which a command program is perforated, and 22 is a user macro command tape on which one or more user macros are perforated.

As shown in FIG. 3, each user macro consists of at least (1) a macro identification name (for example, 0 9001) and (2) an instruction using a system variable, which will be described later. * means end of block, M99 means end of macro)
is programmed.

An example of a user macro is shown below. Here #3001
is a system variable.

09001* #3001=O* WHILE [#3001LE#20] DotE
ND 1 * M9 9 * Variables are classified into local variables, common variables, and system variables according to their variable numbers (3001, 20, etc.).

A local variable is a variable that is used locally within a macro, and the variable numbers 1 to 33 are used.

In other words, local variable #i used in a macro called at one point in time and #i used in a macro called at another point in time (regardless of whether or not i has the same value) are treated as different things. be exposed. Therefore, when macro A calls another macro B, such as in multiple calls, there is no risk that a local variable used in macro A will be accidentally used in macro B and its value will be destroyed. . This local variable is used for passing arguments.

Variable numbers for common variables are 100-199, 500-9
99 is used. While local variables are used locally within a macro, common variables are used in common throughout the main program, subprograms called from it, and each macro. Therefore, #i used in one macro A and #i used in another macro are the same, and the common variable resulting from the operation in one macro can be used in another macro. .

Furthermore, system variables are stored in the system variable memory described later, and unlike local variables and common variables, variable numbers (system codes) corresponding to the multiple types of numerical control processing functions possessed by the machine tool are assigned. It is a variable that is determined according to state quantities such as the internal state of the machine tool or NC device.

In addition to normal commands, the command program read from the command tape 21 is programmed with a user macro call command (user macro call) including a macro identification name, and is executed by a predetermined user at an appropriate program step 11. By calling a macro, it is possible to execute processing according to the user macro. This user macro calling instruction has at least G65 (G function instruction for user macro calling) and, for example, P9001 (P is a word address indicating that 9001 is a macro identification name, and 9001 is a macro identification name). There is.

Reference numeral 23 denotes a paper tape league, which reads commands punched in the command tapes 21 and 22. 24 is a macro registration memory, and a plurality of user macros read from the user macro command table 22 are stored in this memory. 25 is a discrimination circuit, 26 is a normal processing section, and 27 is a user macro processing section. Each of these processing units 26 and 27 includes a calculation unit, a control unit, a memory, and the like. tape reader 23
If the information read into the discrimination circuit 25 is the user macro body (identified by the word address O), it is transferred to the macro registration memory 24 and stored therein, and if it is a normal command, it is sent to the next stage normal processing section 26. However, if it is a user macro calling command, it is sent to the corresponding user macro processing unit 27. Note that these processing units 26 and 27 are configured in common. Further, normal commands and user macro bodies are not mixed on one tape, but are input from separate tapes.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a variable memory in which system codes corresponding to each of the plurality of types of numerical control processing functions possessed by the machine tool are assigned, and system variables that define the processing contents to be executed by the function commands assigned to the system codes are stored. , and can be referenced by both the normal processing section 26 and the user macro processing section 27. The use of each system variable #i within the system is fixed according to its variable number i.

That is, in the macro DI area in this variable memory 28,
#1000 to #1035 each store an interface signal consisting of a 16-bit input signal exchanged with the machine tool as its variable value, and in the macro Do area, #1100 to #1135 respectively store the interface signal consisting of a 16-bit input signal exchanged with the machine tool. An interface signal consisting of a 16-bit output signal exchanged between the two is stored as its variable value, and in the tool offset area, #2001 to #2099 each store the offset amount of 99 types of tools as its variable value, In the macro alarm area, a signal that alarms the NC device when #3000 detects an error in the macro is stored as a variable value, and in the clock area, #3001, #30
02 stores a clock signal related to the elapsed time from the reference time as its variable value, and in the automatic operation control area, #3003 stores a signal related to suppression or cancellation of single block stop as its variable value, and position storage. In the area, #3004 stores a signal regarding invalidation or cancellation of feed hold and feed rate override as its variable value, and in the modal information area, #400
0 to #4012 respectively store the current value signal of the modal command as its variable value, and in the machine coordinate area, #500
1 to #5 1 04 store various machine positions as variable values.

Reference numeral 29 denotes an interface circuit that controls input/output interfaces with machine tools, display units, tape punchers, and the like. 30 is a machine tool, 31 is an MDI, 32 is a display unit, and 33 is an operation panel. 34 is an address conversion unit that converts the variable number i into an address of the variable memory 28.

Now, it is assumed that a plurality of user macros from the user macro instruction tape 22 are stored in the user macro registration memory 24 in advance, and in this state, an instruction program is read from the instruction tape 2l. The read command is a normal NC
If it is a command, the NC command is input to the normal processing section 26, and the same NC processing as the conventional one is executed. If the command is a user macro calling command, the discrimination circuit 25 calls the corresponding user macro from the user macro registration memory 24, inputs it to the user macro processing section 27, and performs user macro processing to be described later.

Note that the so-called memory operation method is used in which not only user macros but also command programs from the command tapes 21 and 22 are stored in the macro registration memory 24 in advance, and the stored NC commands 1 5 are sequentially read out to execute NC processing. In this case, the mode selection switch on the operation panel 33 of the NC is set to tape editing mode to read the program, and then the mode selection switch is set to automatic mode for NC processing.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained.

(A) User Macro Registration (a) Single Block Stop Suppression Macro Command When testing the accuracy of a tape, the tape is usually stopped block by block and does not move to the next block until the start button is pressed. Single block control is performed. However, this takes a long time to test whether the tape is correct or not, and in order to shorten the time, the user may use predetermined blocks such as a drilling block after positioning in a drill cycle, a tool pulling block after drilling is completed, etc. There are cases where it is desired to suppress single block control in these blocks, which are regarded as one large block.

16 Now, when drilling as shown in FIG. 4, if it is desired to suppress single blocks for the drilling command block, the following user macro may be created and registered in the macro registration memory 24.

It is assumed that when the variable value of system variable #3003 is l, single blocks are suppressed, and when it is O, single blocks are suppressed.

0 9081*・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
Macro identification name #3003= 1*-・・・・・・・・・
...... Single block suppression G 002 -
#18 Umbrella・・・・・・ Hole Gro IZ-#
26 Umbrella・・・・・・ Hole GOOZ [#18
* +#26* ] *... Tool removal #300
3 = 0*・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
...... Suppression release M99* ...
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ End of macro (b) Disabling feed hold and feed rate override Some users may disable feed hold when programming thread cutting or tapping. Or you may want to keep the override at 100%. In this case, set the feed hold and override invalid system variables to 1.
3004, and determine that system variable #3004 is invalid when it is 1 and invalidated when it is O, and create a user macro and register it in the variable memory 28 in the same way as the single block stop suppression macro in (a) above. . The following is an example of a user macro in which feed hold and override invalidation are applied to the tapping cycle (G84).

0 9084*... Macro identification name #
3003 = 11... Single block stop suppression G 002 - # 18 * # 3 QO4 = 1 *... Feed hold etc. invalid G 012 - # 26 * M05 * M04 * Z # 26 * # 3004 = 0*... Canceling invalidation of feed hold, etc. M05* M03* G 002 #18* #3003= 0... Canceling single block stop suppression M99* CB) User macro call command User macro call command is a command At least G65P (macro identification name) is commanded by a command to call a predetermined user macro from the macro registration memory 24 by programming on the tape 21 and cause the user macro processing section 27 to execute numerical control processing.

Now, when a command is read by the tape reader 23 from the command tape 21, the determination circuit 25 determines whether it is a user macro call command or not. If it is a user macro call command, the macro registration memory is stored in accordance with the macro command included in the user macro having the macro identification name specified after the word address P of the call command. The contents of the variable register corresponding to a predetermined system code are called from 24 and transferred to the macro processing section 27, which executes macro processing and controls the machine tool according to the user macro.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, in the present invention, a predetermined user macro is called from a macro registration memory in which a plurality of user macros are registered in advance by a user macro call command, and the macro processing unit performs macro processing according to the user macro. When executing
Rather than improving CNC software each time,
The processing content to be executed by the function command assigned to the system code can be changed simply by arbitrarily changing the system variables and specifying the system code that corresponds to the multiple types of numerical control processing functions that the machine tool has. Special numerical control processing functions can be selected and executed. Therefore, the user need only create a user macro for the special control, store it in the macro registration memory, and program the user macro call command in an appropriate location on a command tape, etc., without modifying the CNC software in any way.

20 As a result, the labor and time required for modifying the software can be saved, and a CNC that meets the user's needs can be provided at low cost. In addition, by using user macros, you can create special specifications that match the machine or system.
User-specific canned cycles and automatic programming are now possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional numerical control device, Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a CNC according to the present invention, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a command program, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a drilling cycle. be. 21... Command tape, 22... User macro command tape, 23... Tape league, 24... Macro registration memory, 25... Discrimination circuit, 26... Normal processing section,
27... User macro processing unit, 28... Variable memory, 29... Interface circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A single block is used in a numerical control device that executes numerical control processing based on a command program in which a user macro call command including a macro identification name is programmed, and drives a machine tool based on the processing results to machine a workpiece according to the command. An interface with the machine tool including a signal indicating a function to suppress a stop, a function to disable a feed hold command, or a function to override a feed rate command, and an overridden feed rate; a variable memory storing system variables whose variable values are state quantities representative of the state information of the machine tool through the interface; and a plurality of function instructions including one or more system variables and identifiable by the macro identifier. A macro registration memory is stored in advance as a macro instruction, and when the macro instruction is called from this macro registration memory, a system variable included in the macro instruction is read from the variable memory and the machine tool status information is obtained using this system variable. A numerical control device comprising macro processing means for executing a predetermined numerical control process according to a macro instruction read out from the macro registration memory according to the read content.