JPH03200266A - Liquid developer for electrostatic charge image - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease the gaseous solvent of a hydrocarbon system generated from a copying machine by adding and incorporating an erucic amide compd. into the above liquid developer. CONSTITUTION:The erucic acid amide compd. is added and used as a means for increasing the flocculating power of a toner. Namely, the erucic acid amide compd. is added and used in the developing soln. formed by dispersing toner particles constituted of a coloring agent and binder resin into a carrier liquid essentially consisting of a liquid mixture composed of a fluorine solvent and an aliphat. hydrocarbon solvent and/or silicone solvent. The erucic acid amide compd. is added in the range of 0.01 to 10 pts. wt., more preferably 0.1 to 5 pts. wt. per 100 pts. wt. liquid developer. Thus, the amt. of the gaseous hydrocarbon generated from the copying machine is decreased and the heat roll fixing is possible without generating offsetting even if a fixing roll is not coated with oil.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field) The present invention relates to a liquid developer for hot roll fixing used in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, and the like.

[Prior art 1: As a liquid developer for a heat roll fixing roll,
-301966 to 301969, 64-500
No. 62-50067, No. 64-52167, No. 64-
142560-142561, etc. Since these are carrier liquids mainly composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons, the aliphatic hydrocarbon gas is discharged outside the copying machine, and silicone oil must be supplied to apply to the fixing roll. There were problems such as the copying machine becoming more complex and the number of consumables increasing.

[Objective 1 of the present invention] An object of the present invention is to reduce hydrocarbon solvent gas generated from a copying machine.

To make it possible to remove an oil application device to a fixing roll in a hot roll fixing device using a liquid developer, and to save the trouble of oil supply.

By mixing in a certain proportion of nonflammable liquid, the risk of ignition is reduced.

[Structure of the Invention] In recent years, hot roll fixing has been proposed as a method for fixing liquid developers that has high thermal efficiency and enables high-speed fixing. Carrier liquid (
By using this hydrocarbon solvent and adopting this fixing method, the amount of solvent gas emitted per unit number of sheets is slightly reduced compared to the conventional atmosphere fixing method, but when copying a large number of sheets at high speed, a large amount of gas is emitted. of solvent gas is generated. Furthermore, it was necessary to apply silicone oil to improve the releasability between the toner layer and the fixing roll. The present invention aims to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, increase the cohesive force of the toner, and prevent so-called "hot offset" by containing a fluorine-based solvent as a carrier liquid.

Fluorinated solvents used in the present invention include Fluorinert FC-77, FC-40, FC-43, FC-70
(3M Company'JJ>, Afroud, E-10,
Examples include E-16 and E-18 (all manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.). In addition, examples of silicone-based solvents that may be used at the same time include KF96 (Shin-Etsu Silicon), 5H200% 5L
-1344 (Toshiba Silicon), TSF451 (Toshiba Silicon), etc., and decamethyltetrasiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, etc. may also be used. In addition, as an aliphatic hydrocarbon solution, petroleum hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, n-hexane, n-hebutane, n-octane, n-nonane, isooctane, isododecane, ligroin, and mixtures thereof (commercially available products manufactured by Exxon Chemical Co., Ltd. Isopar E, G, H, L, V and Shell Oil Co., Ltd. Shell Sol 71. Solupesso 150
, etc.), and these may be mixed and used as appropriate. In order to reduce the transfer agent, the carrier liquid should be 1 ocst or less, preferably 3 cst or less.

In the present invention, an erucic acid amide compound is added as a means for increasing the cohesive force of the toner.

The electrostatic photographic liquid developer of the present invention has an erucic acid amide compound added to a developer prepared by dispersing toner particles composed of a colorant and a binder resin in a carrier liquid mainly composed of a silicone solvent. A polarity control agent and the like may be further added as necessary.

The erucic acid amide compound has the following formula:
．． It is added in an amount of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight.

When an erucic acid amide compound is added to a liquid developer for electrophotography, the erucic acid amide compound is adsorbed to the toner particles or dissolved in the dispersion solvent (carrier w1), and the erucic acid amide compound is attached to the metal heating fixing roller. It acts as a release agent and anti-blocking property, making it difficult for toner to adhere to the fixing roller. Furthermore, the effect of the erucic acid amide compound in improving the development and transfer characteristics is also recognized.

The coloring materials used in the present invention include Printex V,
Printex U, Printex G, Special Black 15, Special Black 4, Special Black 4-B (manufactured by Degussa), Mitsubishi #44, #30, MR
-11% MA-100 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), Sieben 1035. Raven 1252. New Spect■ (manufactured by Columbia Carbon), Regal 400.660
, Black Bar 900, 1100, 1300, Mogul and more Cabot! 81) and inorganic pigments such as Phthalocyanine Blue, Phthalocyanine Green, Sky Blue, Rhodamine Lake, Malachite Green Lake, Methyl Violet Lake, Peacock Blue Lake, Naphthol Green B, Naphthol Green Y, Naphthol Yellow S, Naphthol Red, Lysol Fast Yellow 2G , Permanent Red 4R, Brilliant First Scarlet, Hansa Yellow, Benzidine Yellow, Resole Red, Lake Red C Ru-
Killed D1 Brilliant Carmine 6B, Permanent Red F5R, Pigment Scarlet 3B Indigo,
Examples include organic pigments such as Thioindigo Oil Pink and Bordeaux 10B.

In the present invention, these pigments may be used after being coated with a resin or the like in advance. As the coating resin, all resins conventionally used in the production of liquid developers can be used. Typical examples include polyolefins, acrylic resins, rosin-modified resins, styrene-butadiene resins, natural resins, olefin-acrylic copolymers, and paraffin waxes. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and furthermore, other resins may be mixed with these resins.

For example, paraffin wax and polyolefin include the following.

Manufacturer Brand Softening point Allied AC polyethylene 170285℃ Chemical
AC polyethylene 617, 617A 102AC polyethylene 9.9A 117AC polyethylene 43
0 60 AC polyethylene 4o595 ^C polyethylene 40+ 102AC polyethylene L
/n 540 108 AC polyethylene 58olo8 Evolen N-14105 Evolen E-1596 Sunwax 13+-P 108 Sunwax +51-P 107 Kodak injection chemical sunwax 16+-P Ill Sunwax
165-P 107 Sunwax +71-P
105 Sunwax E-250P 102 Sunwax E-300P 98 Genuine chemicals Paraffin wax 40-90 Hoechst PED 521 +04
PED 543 110PED, 1
53 98 cheap crude oil Niolex L
105 Niolex E 100 In particular, the coating treatment involves dispersing the pigment down to the primary particles,
A flushing method is effective for further improving gradation, resolution, image density, etc.

In the flashing method, a pigment or a water-containing paste of the pigment is mixed well together with a resin solution or resin in a kneader called a flasher, and in this process, water existing around the pigment is replaced by the resin solution or resin. ), this is taken out from the kneader, the aqueous phase is discarded, the resin solution or the pigment mixed and dispersed in the resin by heating or at room temperature is dried, the solvent is removed, and the resulting lump is pulverized. be. In the present invention, this material is referred to as "flushing pigment".
I will call it . Incidentally, measures may be taken to remove water and solvent under reduced pressure while kneading with a kneader. In the flushing process, by kneading not only the pigment but also the dye into a slurry with water, almost the same results as the pigment can be obtained. Therefore, in the present invention, the dye that is subjected to the flushing process can also be used as a toner component. It is. The appropriate ratio of dye and pigment to resin during flushing is 10 to 60 parts by weight of dye and pigment to 100 parts by weight of resin. In addition, flushing treatment uses humic acid,
It is particularly advantageous to carry out in the presence of humates (Na salts, NH4 salts, etc.) or humic acid derivatives. The appropriate amount of these humic acids to be added is about 0.1 to 30% by weight of the dye and pigment aqueous solution.

As the resin used for flushing, any of the binder resins conventionally used as binder resins for wet toners can be used, but in particular, in the present invention, an erucic acid amide compound is added to this resin and the resin is manufactured by the flushing method. It is preferable that the In this case, it goes without saying that the amount of the erucic acid amide compound used is in the range of 0.01-10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the liquid developer when the liquid developer is finally prepared. do not have.

Some examples of the production of colorants subjected to flushing treatment are as follows.

Colorant production example-l 200g of water and 2 humic acid ammonium salts in a gallon kneader
Carbon (Mitsubishi #44) 250 in 0g well dissolved
g was added and thoroughly mixed and dispersed in a kneader. Next, 750 g of Evolen E-15 (manufactured by Kodak) and 500 g of erucic acid amide were added and mixed while heating to about 100° C. to separate water.

After further mixing at about 12° C. for 4 hours, the mixture was vacuum dried, cooled, and pulverized to obtain a flushing colorant.

Colorant production example-2 200g of water, sodium humate salt lo in a gallon kneader
2.50 g of carbon (Mogal Δ, manufactured by Columbia Carbon Co., Ltd.) was added to the well-dissolved solution, and the mixture was thoroughly mixed and dispersed in a kneader. Next, 600 g of Sunwax +5IP and 100 g of erucic acid amide were added and kneaded while heating to about 150°C. After further kneading at 120° C. for 2 hours, the mixture was vacuum dried, cooled, and pulverized to produce a flushing colorant.

Flushing colorants of Colorant Production Examples 3 to 10 below were produced according to the procedure of n:I Coloring Agent Production Example-1.

Coloring agent production example-3 Printex ■ 300 parts by weight I) E D521 500 erucic acid amide 80 Ammonium humate 25 Water 150 Coloring agent production example-4 Printex v300 superimposed part Sunwax 250P 300 erucic acid amide too n Production example of ammonium humate water colorant-5 Regal 400 Beeswax erucic acid amide humic acid water colorant production example-6 Regal 400 Paraffin wax (64°C) Production example of erucic acid amide humic acid water colorant-7 Phthalocyanine blue rosin modified maleic acid Resin erucic acid amide humic acid water 5 50 300 parts by weight 500 500 25 50 300 parts by weight 400 0 0 250 250 parts by weight 400 100 50 00 Colorant production example-8 Phthalocyanine green sun wax 171P Erucic acid Amidohumic acid water coloring agent production example-9 Thioindigoid cyclized rubber erucic acid amide water coloring agent manufacturing example-1O Printex G Alkaline blue acrylic resin Calcium erucamide humic acid water 250 parts by weight 280 〃 300 N 50 〃 100 7 300 parts by weight 300 〃 100 # 100 # 250 parts by weight 0 800 100 5 100 The dispersing resin preferably used in the present invention has the general formula % (R, represents H or C113, and n represents 6 to 20). (representing an integer) Vinyl monomer A represented by the general formula %) and vinyl pyridine, vinyl and lolidone, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate,
Examples include copolymers and graft copolymers of each type of monomer B selected from styrene, divinylbenzene, and vinyltoluene, or several types of monomers.

In addition, when a silicone solvent is included as a supporting liquid, a silicone material having an acroyl group is used to improve dispersibility.
L S 4080 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicon Co., Ltd., etc. may be copolymerized, and similarly, AK-5 manufactured by Toagosei Chemical Co., Ltd., TMO701, 1"M0711, FMO721 manufactured by Chisso Corporation, etc. may be copolymerized.
, FMO725 may also be used.

By putting these coloring materials, resins, and carrier liquid into a dispersing machine such as a ball mill, kitty mill, disk mill, bottle mill, etc., dispersing and kneading them to prepare a concentrated toner, and dispersing this in the carrier liquid of the present invention. A developer can be obtained.

(Example 1 In the following examples, all "parts" represent "heavy parts".

Example 1 Colorant (tA formulation example = 1) 50 parts Isopar 820% solution of methacrylate (80/101515) copolymer Too part Isopar H (trade name of EXXSON) 2001 was placed in a ball mill and dispersed for 24 hours, and then Furthermore, 300 parts of Isopar H was added and dispersed for 1 hour to obtain a concentrated toner. Take 200 g of this and add FC-72 (manufactured by 3M)
50% and KPO3 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicon Co., Ltd., viscosity 3cst)
It was diluted in a mixed solvent 1Q with 50% and used as a developer.

Example 2 Colorant (Production Example-2) 60 parts Isovert 1 100 parts A developer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 3 Same as Example 1 except that the coloring agent was replaced with that of Production Example-3.
A developer was prepared in the same manner as above.

Example 4 Special Black - 4300 parts lauryl methacrylate toluacrylic (85/+5) copolymer 80 parts Isopar L, 200 parts erucic acid amide 50 parts were placed in an attritor, dispersed for 24 hours, and then further mixed with Isopar 1 (
A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 by adding 300 parts of the mixture and dispersing it for 1 hour to obtain a concentrated toner.

Comparative Example Comparative developers 1 to 3 were obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 except that Isopar H was used as the diluent.

Ricoh! An oil-less fixing test was conducted using a testing machine in which the fixing section of 81 C75085 was improved to a hot roll fixer. The results are shown in the table below.

As is clear from the above results, it can be seen that the developer of the present invention provides a temperature within the range in which heat roller fixation is possible without an offset phenomenon, and that heat roller fixation is possible.

Continuous copying was carried out using a test copying machine in a closed room, and the solvent gas concentration was measured. When the comparison developer was used, the concentration of solvent gas was 300 to 360 pp+e, whereas when the developer of the present invention was used, it was 80 to The concentration had been halved to 150 ppm.

(Effect 1) By using the developer of the present invention, it is possible to perform hot roll fixing without causing an offset phenomenon without applying oil to the fixing roll, and it is possible to use a compact copying machine at high speed and with constant low energy. The amount of hydrocarbon gas generated by copying machines has also been reduced.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Toner particles made of a colorant and resin are dispersed in a carrier liquid of high resistance and low dielectric constant made of a mixed liquid of a fluorine-based solvent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, and/or a silicone-based solvent. A liquid developer for electrostatic images, characterized in that the liquid developer for electrostatic images contains an erucic acid amide compound.