JPH03198513A - High frequency amplifier - Google Patents
High frequency amplifierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03198513A JPH03198513A JP1341057A JP34105789A JPH03198513A JP H03198513 A JPH03198513 A JP H03198513A JP 1341057 A JP1341057 A JP 1341057A JP 34105789 A JP34105789 A JP 34105789A JP H03198513 A JPH03198513 A JP H03198513A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- amplifier
- distortion
- amplitude
- input
- compensation circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010754 BS 2869 Class F Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業−１−の利用分野］
この発明は高周波数帯で用いられ、主として電力増幅器
として用いられる線形増幅器に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application in Industry-1-] The present invention relates to a linear amplifier used in a high frequency band and mainly used as a power amplifier.
［従来の技術］
近年、無線通信では周波数の有効利用を図るためチャネ
ルの狭帯域化が進んでいる。チャネル帯域幅が狭くなる
と、増幅器の非線形性のために生ずる送信スペクトルの
劣化が問題となる。また、衛星搭載等を考慮した時、消
費電力をできるだけ小さく抑えるため、電力効率の高い
増幅器が必要である。[Prior Art] In recent years, in wireless communications, channels have become narrower in order to make more effective use of frequencies. As the channel bandwidth becomes narrower, transmission spectrum degradation caused by amplifier nonlinearity becomes a problem. Furthermore, when considering installation on a satellite, an amplifier with high power efficiency is required to keep power consumption as low as possible.
電力効率の高い増幅器としてＦ級増幅器が知られている
。これはバイアス条件をＢ級増幅器と同様に設定し、増
幅器の負荷インピーダンスを偶数次高調波に対し短絡、
奇数次高調波に対し開放とするものである。この増幅器
は効率は高いものの歪発生量が大きい問題がある。A class F amplifier is known as an amplifier with high power efficiency. This is done by setting the bias conditions the same as for a class B amplifier, shorting the amplifier's load impedance for even-order harmonics, and
It is open to odd harmonics. Although this amplifier has high efficiency, there is a problem in that it generates a large amount of distortion.
この問題を解決する従来の増幅器として、特開昭６２−
２７４９０６号公報および１９８９年電子情報通信学会
秋季全国大会講演′論文集のＢ −５３９（ｐ２−２０
９ ）に示された高周波増幅器がある。この増幅器は入
力信号の包絡線レベルに比例してドレイン電圧を変化さ
せるものであり、Ｆ級のような歪みの大きい増幅器であ
っても線形性の良い増幅特性が期待でき、かつ入力信号
の包路線レベルの変化によらず電源効率を高くすること
ができる特徴がある。As a conventional amplifier that solves this problem,
Publication No. 274906 and 1989 Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Autumn National Conference Lectures' Proceedings B-539 (p2-20
There is a high frequency amplifier shown in 9). This amplifier changes the drain voltage in proportion to the envelope level of the input signal, so even if it is an amplifier with large distortion such as class F, it can be expected to have amplification characteristics with good linearity. It has the feature of increasing power efficiency regardless of changes in route level.
第５図は非線形特性を補償し、歪発生量を小さくした従
来の高周波増幅器を示す回路図である。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional high frequency amplifier that compensates for nonlinear characteristics and reduces the amount of distortion generated.
図において、（１）はＲＦ倍信号入力端子、（２）（３
）は信号系列の入力端子、（４）は直流電圧供給端子、
（５）はＲＦ倍信号出力端子、（１０）は増幅器、（２
０）は非線形制御回路、（３０）は電圧可変直流直流変
換器である。入力端子（２）、（３）への信号１．Ｑは
複素信号をサンプル量子化した信号系列の実部および虚
部を表わす。非線形制御回路（２０）は増幅器（１０）
のドレイン電圧を変化させた時の入力−出力特性のデー
タにもとづき、■、Ｑ信号から求められる変調波の包絡
線レベルに応じたドレイン電圧を出力する回路であり、
ＲＯＭ （Ｒｅａｄ ０ｎｌｙ Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）等で実
現される。電圧可変直流直流変換器（３０）は非線形制
御回路（２０）からの出力電圧を増幅器（１０）が動作
する電圧に変換する回路であり、包絡線の時間的変化に
追従して高速に動作する必要がある。このように構成さ
れた回路では、第６図（ａ）の実線に示すように、増幅
器（１０）がＦ級のような歪みの大きい増幅器であって
も入力信号に応じてドレイン電圧を制御することによっ
て、入力−出力特性をほぼ直線にすることができ、高い
電源効率を維持しつつ線形動作させることが可能である
。また、入力−出力位相特性は増幅器単体のものより改
善される。In the figure, (1) is the RF multiplied signal input terminal, (2) (3
) is the signal series input terminal, (4) is the DC voltage supply terminal,
(5) is the RF double signal output terminal, (10) is the amplifier, (2
0) is a nonlinear control circuit, and (30) is a voltage variable DC/DC converter. Signals 1 to input terminals (2) and (3). Q represents the real part and imaginary part of a signal sequence obtained by sample quantizing a complex signal. The nonlinear control circuit (20) is an amplifier (10)
Based on the data of the input-output characteristics when changing the drain voltage of , it is a circuit that outputs a drain voltage according to the envelope level of the modulated wave obtained from the Q signal.
This is realized by ROM (Read Only Memory) or the like. The variable voltage DC/DC converter (30) is a circuit that converts the output voltage from the nonlinear control circuit (20) into a voltage at which the amplifier (10) operates, and operates at high speed by following temporal changes in the envelope. There is a need. In a circuit configured in this way, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6(a), even if the amplifier (10) is a high distortion amplifier such as a class F amplifier, the drain voltage can be controlled according to the input signal. By doing so, the input-output characteristics can be made almost linear, and linear operation can be performed while maintaining high power supply efficiency. In addition, the input-output phase characteristics are improved compared to the amplifier alone.
第６図（ｂ）は出力波のスペクトルを示したもので、図
中ＡはＦ級増幅器単体のスペクトル、Ｂは第５図の高周
波増幅器のスペクトルである。FIG. 6(b) shows the spectrum of the output wave, in which A is the spectrum of the F-class amplifier alone, and B is the spectrum of the high-frequency amplifier shown in FIG.
第５図の高周波増幅器のスペクトルＢが増幅器単体のス
ペクトルＡに比べ大きく改善されて、隣接チャネルへの
漏洩電力が小さくなっていることがわかる。It can be seen that the spectrum B of the high frequency amplifier in FIG. 5 is greatly improved compared to the spectrum A of the amplifier alone, and the leakage power to adjacent channels is reduced.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
しかし、第５図に示すような従来の高周波増幅器では、
増幅器の効率は高いがドレイン電圧を制御できる電圧が
例えば２ボルトから８ボルトまでというように限定され
るため、増幅器の振幅特性の線形性を保つことができる
幅が狭い。すなわちダイナミックレンジが狭い問題があ
る。従って、４相位相変調方式（ＱＰＳＫ方式）のよう
に入力振幅が２０ｄＢもの幅で大きく変化し、かつ出力
制御のために人力を可変減衰器等で２０〜３０ｄＢ変化
させるような場合にはその人力振幅の全変化範囲に渡っ
て線形性を保つことができない。[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, in the conventional high frequency amplifier as shown in FIG.
Although the efficiency of the amplifier is high, the voltage at which the drain voltage can be controlled is limited to, for example, from 2 volts to 8 volts, so the range within which the linearity of the amplitude characteristic of the amplifier can be maintained is narrow. In other words, there is a problem that the dynamic range is narrow. Therefore, when the input amplitude changes greatly in a width of 20 dB, such as in the case of the four-phase phase keying method (QPSK method), and when the human power is changed by 20 to 30 dB using a variable attenuator or the like to control the output, the human power is Linearity cannot be maintained over the entire range of amplitude changes.
また、第５図に示すような従来の高周波増幅器では増幅
器の振幅特性はほぼ直線となるが、位相特性が平坦にな
らないため、位相歪によって生じるスペクトルの劣化は
防ぎ得ない。従って、隣接チャネルへの漏洩電力を非常
に小さくしたい場合にはこの方式では不十分であった。Further, in a conventional high-frequency amplifier as shown in FIG. 5, although the amplitude characteristic of the amplifier is approximately linear, the phase characteristic is not flat, and therefore spectrum deterioration caused by phase distortion cannot be prevented. Therefore, this method is insufficient when it is desired to minimize leakage power to adjacent channels.
この発明は上記のような問題点を解消するためになされ
たもので、高い効率を維持しつつ広いダイナミックレン
ジを得、かつ隣接チャネルへの漏洩電力を非常に小さ（
することを目的とする。This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to obtain a wide dynamic range while maintaining high efficiency, and to minimize leakage power to adjacent channels (
The purpose is to
［課題を解決するための手段］
この発明に係る高周波増幅器は、入力信号を増幅する増
幅器のドレイン電圧またはコレクタ電圧を入力信号の包
絡線レベルに比例して変化させる振幅特性補正手段と、
この振幅特性補正手段により変化される上記電圧の変化
範囲とそれ以外の範囲とに渡って生ずる振幅特性および
／または位相特性の歪を補償する補償回路とを備えたも
のである。[Means for Solving the Problems] A high-frequency amplifier according to the present invention includes an amplitude characteristic correction means for changing the drain voltage or collector voltage of an amplifier that amplifies an input signal in proportion to the envelope level of the input signal;
The present invention includes a compensation circuit that compensates for distortions in the amplitude characteristics and/or phase characteristics that occur over the voltage change range changed by the amplitude characteristic correction means and other ranges.
［作用コ
この発明においては、振幅特性補正手段により、増幅器
のドレイン電圧またはコレクタ電圧が入力信号の包絡線
レベルに比例して変化されて増幅器の振幅歪が補正され
るとともに、この振幅特性補正手段により変化される上
記電圧の変化範囲とそれ以外の範囲とに渡って生ずる振
幅および／または位相特性の歪を補償回路が補償して広
い範囲に渡って振幅特性の直線性が維持されるので、高
い効率を維持しながら広いダイナミックレンジを得るこ
とができる。[Function] In this invention, the amplitude characteristic correction means changes the drain voltage or the collector voltage of the amplifier in proportion to the envelope level of the input signal to correct the amplitude distortion of the amplifier. The compensation circuit compensates for the distortion in the amplitude and/or phase characteristics that occurs over the voltage change range and other ranges, and the linearity of the amplitude characteristics is maintained over a wide range. A wide dynamic range can be obtained while maintaining high efficiency.
「実施例］
第１図はこの発明の一実施例を示す回路図であり、図に
おいて、（１）〜（４）、（１０）、（２０）、（３０
）は第５図に示したものと同一である。（４０）は歪補
償回路であり、非線形制御回路（２０）、電圧可変直流
直流変換器（３ｏ）により補正される範囲とその補正範
囲がら外れる範囲との間に渡る特性の歪みを補償する回
路で、入力端子（２）、（３）に入力されるＩ、Ｑデー
タをその歪み特性に応じて変化させる。非線形制御回路
（２０）は入力振幅の大きい領域では入力信号の包絡線
レベルに応じてドレイン電圧を変化させて増幅器（１０
）の振幅歪を補正し、これにより高効率で歪みの太きｕ
ｋＦ級のような動作を可能とし、またそのドレイン電圧
を変化できる範囲を外れる入力振幅の小さい領域では、
そのドレイン電圧を固定する。従って、増幅器の入カー
出力特性は第２図の実線に示すように直線ではな（なる
。この折れ曲がった特性を歪補償回路（４ｏ）で補償す
ることにより広い範囲に渡って歪のない特性とすること
ができる。Embodiment FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (1) to (4), (10), (20),
) is the same as shown in FIG. (40) is a distortion compensation circuit, which compensates for distortion in characteristics between the range corrected by the nonlinear control circuit (20) and the voltage variable DC/DC converter (3o) and the range outside the correction range. Then, the I and Q data input to the input terminals (2) and (3) are changed according to their distortion characteristics. The nonlinear control circuit (20) changes the drain voltage according to the envelope level of the input signal in a region where the input amplitude is large, and controls the amplifier (10).
), thereby correcting the amplitude distortion of u with high efficiency and large distortion.
In the region where the input amplitude is small, which is outside the range where kF class operation is possible and the drain voltage can be changed,
Fix its drain voltage. Therefore, the input/output characteristics of the amplifier are not linear as shown by the solid line in Figure 2. By compensating for this curved characteristic with the distortion compensation circuit (4o), distortion-free characteristics can be achieved over a wide range. can do.
またこの歪補償回路（４ｏ）により位相特性も平坦にす
ることができ、位相歪によって生じるスペクトルの劣化
を防げる。Moreover, the phase characteristics can also be made flat by this distortion compensation circuit (4o), and deterioration of the spectrum caused by phase distortion can be prevented.
このように高い効率を維持しつつ広いダイナミックレン
ジが得られるためＱＰＳＫ方式等に有効である。Since a wide dynamic range can be obtained while maintaining high efficiency in this way, it is effective for QPSK systems and the like.
第３図は歪補償回路の一例を示す構成図であり、（５０
）はＲＯＭ、（６０）はディジタル・アナログ（ＤＡ）
変換器、（７０）は直交変調器である。ＲＯＭ（５０）
には増幅器（１０）の歪み特性が書き込まれており、入
力信号のＩ、Ｑデータを歪を補償するように変化させる
。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a distortion compensation circuit.
) is ROM, (60) is digital analog (DA)
The transducer (70) is a quadrature modulator. ROM(50)
The distortion characteristics of the amplifier (10) are written in, and the I and Q data of the input signal are changed to compensate for the distortion.
第４図は歪補償回路の他の一例を示す構成図であり、（
７）は歪補償回路への入力端子、（５１）はＲＡ Ｍ
（Ｒａｎｄｏｍ Ａｃｃｅｓｓ Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）、（５
２）は誤差検出回路、（５３）はアナログ・ディジタル
（ＡＤ）変換器、（５４）は検波回路である。増幅器（
１０）の出力を一部取り出し、入力端子（７）へ入力す
る。検波回路（５４）で振幅、位相の両方あるいは片方
を検波し、ＡＤ変換器（５３）でディジタル化した後、
誤差検出回路（５２）で歪を検出しその結果をＲＡＭ
（５１）に書き込む。この回路によって増幅器の温度特
性、バラツキが補償できる。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another example of the distortion compensation circuit.
7) is the input terminal to the distortion compensation circuit, (51) is the RAM
(Random Access Memory), (5
2) is an error detection circuit, (53) is an analog-to-digital (AD) converter, and (54) is a detection circuit. amplifier(
Part of the output of 10) is taken out and inputted to the input terminal (7). After detecting both or one of the amplitude and phase in the detection circuit (54) and digitizing it in the AD converter (53),
The error detection circuit (52) detects distortion and stores the result in RAM.
Write in (51). This circuit can compensate for variations in the temperature characteristics of the amplifier.
［発明の効果］
以上のように、この発明によれば増幅器のドレイン電圧
を入力信号の包絡線レベルに応じて制御すると共に、歪
補償回路により歪を補償するため、高い効率を維持しつ
つ広いダイナミックレンジを得ることができ、また増幅
器の特性の線形性が得られるので、隣接チャネルに漏れ
込む電力を非常に小さくすることができるという効果が
ある。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the drain voltage of the amplifier is controlled according to the envelope level of the input signal, and the distortion is compensated by the distortion compensation circuit. Since a dynamic range can be obtained and linearity of amplifier characteristics can be obtained, the effect is that power leaking into adjacent channels can be extremely reduced.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例による高周波増幅器を示す
回路図、第２図はその高周波増幅器の特性を示す特性図
、第３図は歪補償回路の一例を示す構成図、第４図は歪
補償回路の他の構成例を示す構成図、第５図は従来の高
周波増幅器を示す回路図、第６図は従来の高周波増幅器
の特性を示す特性図である。
図において、（２）、（３）は人力端子、（５）は出力
端子、（４）は電圧供給端子、（１ｏ）は増幅器、（２
０）は非線形制御回路、（３ｏ）は電圧可変直流直流変
換器、（４ｏ）は歪補償回路である。
なお、図中、同一符号は同一または相当部分を示す。Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a high frequency amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the characteristics of the high frequency amplifier, Fig. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a distortion compensation circuit, and Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the characteristics of the high frequency amplifier. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing another configuration example of the distortion compensation circuit, FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional high frequency amplifier, and FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the characteristics of the conventional high frequency amplifier. In the figure, (2) and (3) are human power terminals, (5) is an output terminal, (4) is a voltage supply terminal, (1o) is an amplifier, and (2) is a voltage supply terminal.
0) is a nonlinear control circuit, (3o) is a voltage variable DC/DC converter, and (4o) is a distortion compensation circuit. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.
Claims (1)
タ電圧を入力信号の包絡線レベルに比例して変化させる
振幅特性補正手段と、この振幅特性補正手段により変化
される上記電圧の変化範囲とそれ以外の範囲とに渡って
生ずる振幅特性および／または位相特性の歪を補償する
補償回路とから構成されることを特徴とする高周波増幅
器。An amplitude characteristic correction means for changing the drain voltage or collector voltage of an amplifier that amplifies the input signal in proportion to the envelope level of the input signal, and a change range of the voltage changed by the amplitude characteristic correction means and other ranges. 1. A high-frequency amplifier comprising a compensation circuit that compensates for distortions in amplitude characteristics and/or phase characteristics that occur over time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1341057A JPH0787303B2 (en) | 1989-12-27 | 1989-12-27 | High frequency amplifier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1341057A JPH0787303B2 (en) | 1989-12-27 | 1989-12-27 | High frequency amplifier |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03198513A true JPH03198513A (en) | 1991-08-29 |
| JPH0787303B2 JPH0787303B2 (en) | 1995-09-20 |
Family
ID=18342841
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1341057A Expired - Fee Related JPH0787303B2 (en) | 1989-12-27 | 1989-12-27 | High frequency amplifier |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0787303B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7706835B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2010-04-27 | Panasonic Corporation | High-frequency circuit device |
| JP2012049858A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-08 | Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc | Power amplifier |
| US8600321B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2013-12-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Radio transmitter and envelope tracking power supply control method |
-
1989
- 1989-12-27 JP JP1341057A patent/JPH0787303B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7706835B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2010-04-27 | Panasonic Corporation | High-frequency circuit device |
| JP2012049858A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-08 | Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc | Power amplifier |
| US8600321B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2013-12-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Radio transmitter and envelope tracking power supply control method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0787303B2 (en) | 1995-09-20 |
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