JPH03188950A - Grinding and dehydrating device for crude refuse - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To dehydrate crude refuse in a short time by fitting a vessel housing crude refuse ground by a grinder to the inside of a moisture separation tank, sucking and evacuating the inside of the separation tank to separate and recover only moisture of crude refuse in the housing vessel. CONSTITUTION:Crude refuse discharged together with water from the drainage port 4 of a sink 3 is ground by a grinder 1. The ground crude refuse is introduced into a crude refuse bag 8a inserted into a vessel 8 of ground crude refuse which is fitted to the upper end part of a moisture separation tank 10. The air in the tank 10 is sucked by a suction means 15 and also a drainage port 13 is closed by an ordinarily opened valve 16 by the pressure difference of the inside and outside of the tank 10. Evacuating is successively performed and only moisture of crude refuse in the vessel 8 is recovered into the tank 10 through the water passing parts 9 of the vessel 8. Only the dehydrated crude refuse remains in the bag 8a. Further when a float 27 for detecting the water level reaches the position of the upper limit, the suction means is stopped and the ordinarily opened valve 16 is opened and thereby the water stagnated in the tank 10 is discharged. Accordingly dehydration is easily performed in a short time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing and dewatering food waste together with water, and particularly relates to a food waste pulverizing apparatus that has a simple configuration and is easy to handle.

[Background Art] As humans become more affluent, the amount of waste generated from industry and daily life continues to increase, becoming a global social problem.

Among these, various methods of processing industrial waste have been proposed and put into practical use, but raw garbage generated from homes, restaurants, etc. is mostly collected without treatment and is disposed of as waste. Currently, it is processed at treatment plants.

By the way, about 90% of food waste is water, so a simple calculation shows that 90% of the huge total cost for food waste disposal, such as transportation costs by cleaning trucks, labor costs, and food waste disposal costs, is water. This means that the processing time is spent on processing. For this reason, for example, if the water content of food waste is halved, not only can processing costs be significantly reduced, but it can also contribute to environmental conservation.

Conventionally, methods for removing water from food waste generated at home, etc., include placing the food waste in a colander and leaving it there for a long time, or installing a water drainer in the sink and using centrifugal force to drain the water. Methods have been proposed and put into practical use.

However, although this type of dehydration method can remove excess moisture adhering to the surface of the garbage, it cannot remove much of the moisture contained in the garbage, and the volume of the garbage remains the same, so it is not sufficient. There is a problem that no effective effect can be obtained.

Therefore, some methods use a cylinder to compress and dehydrate food waste, or a screw method.

Dewatering methods using roll compression, crushing, and squeezing have been proposed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventional dewatering equipment using cylinders or screws dehydrates generated garbage as is, resulting in a complex and large equipment configuration and is difficult to handle. There is a problem that it is expensive and it is not easy to popularize it for household use.

The present invention was made in view of the current situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a garbage crushing and dehydrating device that has a simple device configuration, is small in size, and is easy to handle, and can perform sufficient dehydration in a short time. do.

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a means for achieving the above object, the present invention provides a garbage crusher for crushing input garbage; : A crushed raw garbage container that is attached to the upper end of the water separation tank and into which the crushed raw garbage from the 11i raw garbage crusher is thrown; and a suction means for collecting only the moisture in the crushed garbage into the moisture separation tank through the pulverized garbage.

In the present invention, the opening/closing mechanism is preferably configured with a normally open valve that closes due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tank due to suction depressurization inside the water separation tank. It is preferable to provide a water level sensor that opens a drain port and discharges the water in the tank when the water level exceeds a set value, and furthermore, starts the suction means in conjunction with the garbage crusher, It is more preferable to stop the garbage crusher after a certain period of time has elapsed after the garbage crusher is stopped.

[Function] In the garbage crushing and dehydrating device according to the present invention, as a pretreatment for dehydrating the garbage, the garbage is crushed by the garbage crusher, and the crushed garbage is placed at the upper end of the water separation tank. The crushed raw garbage is put into the attached garbage container.

On the other hand, the pressure inside the water separation tank is suctioned and depressurized by the suction means with the drain port closed by the opening/closing mechanism. Then, the crushed raw garbage in the crushed raw garbage container is sucked downward, and only the water content is collected into the water separation tank through the water passage part of the crushed raw garbage container. Therefore, only dehydrated food waste remains in the crushed food waste container.

Therefore, it is possible to perform sufficient dehydration in a short time with a simple and compact device configuration, and it is easy to handle.

In the present invention, by configuring the opening/closing mechanism as a normally open valve that closes due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tank due to the suction depressurization inside the water separation tank, the water The drainage port of the separation tank will open and close automatically, making handling easier and eliminating operational errors.

In addition, by installing a water level sensor in the water separation tank that opens the drain port and drains the water in the tank when the water level in the tank exceeds a set value, problems such as water overflowing from the tank are completely eliminated. do not have.

Furthermore, by starting the suction means in conjunction with the garbage crusher and stopping it after a certain period of time has passed after the garbage crusher stops, after the suction means has stopped, the crushed raw The garbage in the garbage container is always fully dehydrated, making post-processing easy.

[Example] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a garbage crushing and dehydrating device for household use as an example of the garbage crushing and dehydrating device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a similar external view. This garbage pulverizer has a structure in which a cutter is installed on a rotary plate that is driven to rotate around a vertical axis.

As shown in FIG. 1, the garbage input port 2 at the upper end of the garbage crusher 1 is connected and fixed in a watertight manner to a drain port 4 provided in a sink 3 of a sink via a backing 5. and,
The raw garbage put into the garbage pulverizer 1 along with water through the drain port 4 is finely crushed by the operation of the garbage pulverizer 1, and the pulverized garbage is discharged from the outlet 6 of the garbage pulverizer 1. , and are discharged via a discharge pipe 7.

As shown in FIG. 1, at the tip of the discharge pipe 7, a draining bag 8a, which together with a container main body 8b having a water passage part 9 at its lower end constitutes the crushed garbage container 8, is removably attached. Only the solid content is collected by this drainage bag 8a. This will be explained in detail later.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the container body 8b is removably attached to the center of the top plate 11 of the water separation tank IO from above, and the attached portion is sealed by a backing 12. It looks like this.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the moisture separation tank 10 has a cylindrical container shape with a drain port 13 at the lower end, and inside thereof is an intake pipe connected to the upper end of the moisture separation tank IO. 14, the pressure is suctioned and reduced by a suction means 15, and the drain port 13 is closed by a normally open valve 16 due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the water separation tank 10 caused by this suction pressure reduction. It has become. As a result, the crushed raw garbage collected in the draining bag 8a is sucked downward, and only the water content is removed.
The water is collected into the water separation tank 10 through the draining bag 8a and the water passage portion 9 of the container body 8b.

The suction means 15 is constituted by a centrifugal suction motor that is widely used as a suction means of vacuum cleaners, for example, and its reduced pressure (degree of vacuum) is 1030 to 1050 mm water column, and the suction volume (air volume) is 1. m It is set to about 37 minutes or more. The outer periphery of the suction means 15 is covered with a soundproof cover 17, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. An exhaust pipe 18 is connected to discharge exhaust gas to a final drain pipe 19, which will be described later.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the normally open valve 16 is composed of a valve body 20 having a pad 20a and a return spring 21 that keeps the valve body 20 in a normally open state. The return spring 21
The drain port 13 is closed by suction against the urging force of the drain port 13.

As shown in FIG. 1, this normally open valve 16 is disposed within a vertical duct 22 provided vertically on the outer surface of the water separation tank 10, and the final drain pipe is located at the lower end of this vertical duct 22. 19 is connected, and the suction and exhaust gas by the suction means 15 is exhausted to this final drain pipe 19 via the exhaust pipe 18.

On the other hand, on the outer edge of the top plate 11 of the water separation tank 10, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, there is a weir 23 with a required rising dimension for receiving the crushed raw garbage overflowing from the crushed raw garbage container 8. A filter body 24 is removably attached to a portion of this weir 23 corresponding to the vertical duct 22 in order to allow only the moisture in the crushed garbage to flow down to the vertical duct 22. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this weir 23 is provided with a water sensor 25 that detects the overflow of crushed garbage onto the top plate 11. When detected, a buzzer B, which will be described later, is activated to notify the overflow.

As shown in FIG. 1, inside the water separation tank 10,
A water level sensor 26 is installed to detect the level of water collected in the water separation tank lO.
6, a float 27 containing a permanent magnet is attached to the float 27 so as to be movable up and down.

When the float 27 is located at the lower limit indicated by the solid line and the upper limit indicated by the chain line in FIG. 1, a reed switch (not shown) is activated, thereby controlling the bow suction means 15. .

FIG. 3 shows a control circuit of the garbage crushing and dehydrating apparatus. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 30 is a power source. A water sensor 25 to which a buzzer B is connected is connected in series to the garbage crusher I. As shown in FIG. 3, a suction means 15 is also connected to the power source 30 via an a contact Sa and a fuse F2, and a water level sensor 2 is connected to the suction means 15.
6 are connected in series.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the power supply circuit to the suction means 15 is connected to a timer T via the B contact sb and the fuse F3, and the suction means 15 is connected to both the A contacts Sa + , By opening the b contact sb that works with Sn2, 1. Even if the garbage crusher 1 stops, it does not stop at the same time and continues to operate for the time set by the timer T. This will be detailed later.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

When food waste and water are thrown into the food waste crusher 1 from the sink 3 of the sink and the main switch (not shown) is turned on, both the a contacts Sa2 and Sa2 shown in FIG. 3 are closed, and the b contact sb is closed. developed,
The garbage crusher 1 and the suction means 15 are activated at the same time.

When the garbage pulverizer 1 operates, the garbage in the garbage pulverizer 1 is crushed together with water to become pulverized garbage with high fluidity. Then, this crushed raw garbage is thrown into the drainage bag 8a of the crushed raw garbage container 8 from the discharge port 6 via the discharge vibrator 7.

On the other hand, when the suction means 15 operates together with the garbage crusher 1, the pressure inside the water separation tank 10 is reduced by suction, and due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the water separation tank 10 accompanying this suction pressure reduction, the normally open valve 16 is closed and the water is drained. When the opening 13 is closed, the crushed garbage in the draining bag 8a is sucked downward. As a result, only the moisture in the crushed raw garbage is removed from the draining bag 8a.
Only the solid content of the crushed food waste, which has been collected into the water separation tank IO through the water passage part 9 of the right side and the container body 8b and has lost most of the water content, remains in the draining bag 8a.

By the way, what is important when performing dehydration by suction depressurization is the speed of depressurization. The reduced pressure is also important, but unless there is a large amount of reduced airflow in a short period of time, the garbage will not be processed in time and the crushed garbage will overflow onto the top plate 11.

Here, it is possible to use a vacuum pump as the suction means 15, but a small one may have sufficient suction force but insufficient decompression air volume, and a large one may have sufficient suction force and decompression air volume, but However, it is large and expensive, so it is not suitable for household use. On the other hand, the centrifugal suction motor commonly used in household vacuum cleaners has reduced pressure (
It is suitable for use as the suction means 15 because it has a vacuum degree of 1030 to 1050 mm water column, a reduced pressure air volume of 1 m''/volume or more, and is small and inexpensive.

When the draining bag 8a becomes full of crushed garbage while the garbage crusher l is in operation, the water that has passed through the draining bag 8a may overflow onto the top plate 11, or the draining bag 8a may come off from the discharge pipe 7. The crushed raw garbage may directly overflow onto the top plate 11.

3 4 In this case, the water sensor 25 detects this, cuts off the power supply to the garbage crusher 1, and activates the buzzer B to notify. In addition, when crushed garbage overflows on the top plate 11, water is discharged to the vertical duct 22 via the filter body 24.

On the other hand, if there is a large amount of moisture recovered from crushed food waste,
The water level in the water separation tank IO will rise, but
When the water level rises to the preset upper limit of the water level sensor 26, the float 27 detects this and the suction means 15
is forcibly stopped regardless of the closing of the a contact S a z. Then, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the water separation tank 10 becomes zero or below a certain level, the normally open valve 16 is opened by the urging force of the return spring 21, and the drain port 13 is opened. Therefore, the moisture in the moisture separation tank 10 is discharged from the outlet 13 to the final drain pipe 19 via the vertical duct 22.

As a result of this discharge, the water level in the water separation tank lO decreases, and when the float 27 descends to the lower limit position, the suction means 1
The power supply to 5 is restarted, and the pulverized garbage is dehydrated by the same operation 5 as described above.

In addition, the water separation tank 1 sucked by the suction means 15
The air inside 0 passes through the exhaust pipe 18 to the final drain pipe 19.
is exhausted. Therefore, the odor of garbage will not be diffused to the outside, and the flow of drainage in the final drain pipe 19 will be improved, allowing rapid drainage.

Once the grinding and dehydration of food waste is completed in this way,
Turn off the main switch (not shown). Then, the a contact S a + shown in FIG. 3 opens, and the garbage crusher 1
The power supply to is cut off, and the garbage crusher 1 stops.

When the a contact S a + opens, the a contact S a 2 also opens in conjunction with this, but conversely the b contact sb closes, so power continues to be supplied to the suction means 15 via the timer T. , after the time set by the timer T elapses, the suction means 15 stops. As a result, the crushed raw waste remaining in the draining bag 8a can always be kept in a dehydrated state.

6. That is, the crushed raw garbage from the raw garbage crusher 1 is put into the draining bag 8a, and it takes some time until the dehydration is completed. Therefore, if the suction means 15 is stopped at the same time as the garbage crusher l, incompletely dehydrated crushed garbage will remain in the drainage bag 8a. However,
By setting the suction means 15 to stop after a certain period of time has elapsed after the garbage crusher 1 stops, such problems can be completely eliminated.

When the suction means 15 has stopped, the draining bag 8a is released from the discharge vibrator 7, and then the handle 28 is grasped and the water separation tank 10 is pulled out.

Then, the draining bag 8a is taken out from the container body 8b and disposed of together with the bag.

In addition, if you only wash with water in the sink sink 3,
The water is discharged from the discharge vibrator 7 through the crushed garbage container 8 and the water separation tank 10 or from the filter body 24 through the vertical duct 22 to the final discharge pipe 19.
There is no particular need to operate the garbage crushing and dehydrating device 6 (Experimental Example) The present inventors conducted a crushing and dehydrating test of garbage using the garbage crushing and dehydrating device described above.

(a) Breakdown of raw garbage Raw cabbage 60g Carrots 35g Egg shells 8g Onions 80g Radish 40g Sanma bones and a little red 50g Total weight approximately 273g, apparent volume approximately 2000m1 (
b) Test method: The above-mentioned food waste was crushed under running water using a food waste crusher.
After the garbage grinder 1 was stopped, the suction means 15 continued to operate for about 15 seconds to dehydrate the crushed garbage.

(c) Results As a result, the apparent volume of raw garbage is about 200+nl, which is about 1/10 of the amount before processing, and the weight is 1
At 27g, I was able to reduce the weight to less than half of the amount before treatment.

When the food waste processed in this way was spread out on newspaper and exposed to a clear sun (temperature 263°C, humidity 54%) for about half a day, most of the moisture disappeared and it became suitable for household use. could be easily incinerated in a small incinerator.

Since the garbage is first crushed and then dehydrated, it can be thoroughly dehydrated in a short time.
Easy to operate and easy to configure.

Can be made smaller.

In the above embodiment, the case where the crushed raw garbage container 8 was constructed from the draining bag 8a and the container body 8b was explained, but the size of the water passage part 9 of the container body 8b was determined depending on the solidity of the crushed raw garbage. The draining bag 8a may be omitted if the size is large enough to capture enough water.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, the case where the suction means 15 is installed near the water separation tank 10 has been described.
The intake vibrator 14 may be made longer and installed outdoors.

9 In addition, in the above embodiment, the garbage crushing and dehydrating device for household use has been described, but it can be similarly applied to commercial use such as restaurants.

Furthermore, although not specifically explained in the embodiment, if there is a possibility that some of the moisture in the moisture separation tank IO will be sucked when the suction means 15 is operated, the tip of the suction vibrator 14 may be , baffle plates, etc. may be provided. Further, instead of the normally open valve 16, an electric valve or the like that is closed by supplying power to the suction means 15 may be used.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the present invention, after finely pulverizing food waste, the solid content and water are separated by suction and reduced pressure, so that the waste can be easily and sufficiently dehydrated in a short time. In addition, the device configuration can be simplified and miniaturized, and handling is easy.

In the present invention, the opening/closing mechanism is configured with a normally open valve that closes due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tank due to suction depressurization inside the water separation tank, making it easy to handle and providing reliable operation. .・ 0 In addition, by installing a water level sensor in the water separation tank that opens the drain port and drains the water in the tank when the water level in the tank exceeds a set value, it is possible to prevent the water in the water separation tank from overflowing. There are no problems.

Furthermore, by operating the suction means in conjunction with the garbage crusher and stopping the garbage crusher after a certain period of time has passed after the garbage crusher stops, the crushed garbage The crushed raw garbage in the container is always in a completely dehydrated state, making it easy to handle it later.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a garbage crushing and dewatering device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a control circuit diagram of the device. 11, Top plate 14, Intake vibe 16: Normally open valve 18: Exhaust pipe 21, Return spring 23: Weir 25: Water sensor 27: Float T: Timer 13: Drain port 15: Suction means 17: Soundproof cover 20: Valve body 22: Vertical duct 24: Filter body 26: Water level sensor B: Buzzer

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A garbage pulverizer that crushes input garbage; a water separation tank having a drain port with an opening/closing mechanism at its lower end;
a crushed raw garbage container that is attached to the upper end of the water separation tank and into which the crushed raw garbage from the raw garbage crusher is input; A garbage crushing and dehydrating device comprising: suction means for recovering only moisture in crushed garbage into a water separation tank; 2) The garbage crushing and dehydrating device according to claim 1, wherein the opening/closing mechanism is constituted by a normally open valve that is closed by a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tank due to suction depressurization inside the water separation tank. 3) The water separation tank has a water level sensor that opens a drain port and discharges the water in the tank when the water level in the tank exceeds a set value. Garbage crushing and dehydrating equipment. 4) The garbage crusher according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the suction means is started in conjunction with the garbage crusher and stops after a certain period of time has elapsed after the garbage crusher has stopped. Dehydration equipment.