JPH03186801A - Condensing lens for infrared type detector - Google Patents
Condensing lens for infrared type detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03186801A JPH03186801A JP32637289A JP32637289A JPH03186801A JP H03186801 A JPH03186801 A JP H03186801A JP 32637289 A JP32637289 A JP 32637289A JP 32637289 A JP32637289 A JP 32637289A JP H03186801 A JPH03186801 A JP H03186801A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plane
- hyperboloid
- lens
- face
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0009—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having refractive surfaces only
- G02B19/0014—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having refractive surfaces only at least one surface having optical power
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/009—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with infrared radiation
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
赤外線式検知装置では、一般に集光レンズの焦点面全面
に赤外線検知素子を配置するのではなく、集光レンズの
焦点位置に赤外線検知素子を配設することから、赤外線
検知素子によって検出される赤外線は集光レンズの光軸
と平行に入射するものだけであり、光軸に対して角度を
もった斜め入射光は焦点位置に集光しないために、検知
領域を広げるには、異なる方向に光軸を備える複数の集
光レンズを組み合わせることになる。この時、各集光レ
ンズとして、その焦点位置が一致するようにした場合に
は、レンズ全体が半球状となり、曲率が小さくなって製
作が困難となることから、通常、集光レンズにある方向
から斜め入射した光線が赤外線検知素子が配された位置
に焦点を結ぶようにすることで、レンズ全体の曲率を大
きくとることができるようにしている。−例を第7図に
示す。
各集光レンズlはフレネルレンズとして形成されて、こ
れらが組み合わされている。In an infrared detection device, the infrared detection element is generally not placed on the entire focal plane of the condenser lens, but rather at the focal position of the condenser lens, so the infrared rays detected by the infrared detection element are is only incident parallel to the optical axis of the condenser lens, and since obliquely incident light at an angle to the optical axis is not focused at the focal point, in order to widen the detection area, it is necessary to direct the light in a different direction. A plurality of condensing lenses each having a shaft are combined. At this time, if the focal positions of each condenser lens are made to coincide, the entire lens will be semispherical and the curvature will be small, making it difficult to manufacture. The curvature of the entire lens can be increased by making the rays incident obliquely from the lens focus on the position where the infrared sensing element is placed. - An example is shown in FIG. Each condenser lens l is formed as a Fresnel lens, and these lenses are combined.
ところが、上述のように光軸に対して角度をもった斜め
入射光を利用する場合には、集光レンズがもつ収差によ
る「ぼけ」の問題点がつきまとう。
これはフレネルレンズを用いた場合には、特に顕著とな
ってしまうものであり、そして「ぼけ」によって検知ビ
ームが所定の大きさ以上に広がった場合、赤外線検出素
子に入射する赤外線量が低下するために、感度の低下を
招くほか、耐環境性及び耐外乱性の向上のために赤外線
検知素子として2個のエレメントによる差動出力を用い
るツイン素子が使用されている場合には、2個のエレメ
ントにより生じる2検知ビームに重なり合う部分で出力
が打ち消し合ってしまうために、感度の低下が更に顕著
にあられれることになる。
この点を嫌って集光用光学系として放物面ミラーを組み
合わせた多分割ミラーを用いたものがあるが、この場合
、「ぼけ」による影響は小さく、また反射率が通常90
%以上であるために効率良く集光することができるもの
の、光学系が大きくなってしまうという問題を有してい
る。
本発明はこのような点に鑑み為されたものであり、その
目的とするところは小型で集光効率に優れた赤外線式検
知装置用集光レンズを提供するにある。However, when using obliquely incident light at an angle to the optical axis as described above, there is a problem of "blur" due to aberrations of the condenser lens. This is especially noticeable when a Fresnel lens is used, and if the detection beam spreads beyond a predetermined size due to "blurring", the amount of infrared rays incident on the infrared detection element decreases. Therefore, in addition to causing a decrease in sensitivity, if a twin element that uses differential output from two elements is used as an infrared detection element to improve environmental resistance and disturbance resistance, Since the outputs cancel each other out in the overlapping portion of the two detection beams generated by the element, the decrease in sensitivity becomes even more noticeable. In order to avoid this problem, some systems use a multi-segmented mirror combined with a parabolic mirror as a focusing optical system, but in this case, the effect of "blurring" is small, and the reflectance is usually 90.
% or more, it is possible to efficiently collect light, but there is a problem that the optical system becomes large. The present invention has been made in view of these points, and its object is to provide a condensing lens for an infrared detection device that is small and has excellent light condensing efficiency.
しかして本発明は、第一面が平面、第二面が双曲面であ
り、第二面の双曲面の回転軸が第一面の平面に対して斜
交していることに特徴を有している。
[作用]
本発明によれば、双曲面の回転軸と平面とがなす角度に
応じて、焦点に無収差で集光する平行光と平面の法線方
向との間に角度を持たせることができるために、必要と
する方向にレンズを向けなくとも、この方向からの赤外
線の集光を効率よく行うことができる。
すなわち、第6図は第一面が平面10、第二面が双曲面
20として形成されているとともに、双曲面20の回転
軸Cが第一面の平面10の法IIH方向と一致している
通常の無収差単レンズであり、光軸(この場合、双曲面
の回転軸及び平面の法線と一致)と平行な入射光は無収
差で焦点Fに集光される。このような双曲面20を有す
る集光レンズ1において、第5図に示すように、第一面
の平面10の法線Hと第二面の双曲面20の回転軸Cと
が角度θをなすように第一面の平面10を傾けると、回
転軸Cに対しである角度δで入射して集光レンズl内で
双曲面の回転軸Cと平行となる光線が焦点Fに無収差で
集光することになる。尚、ここにおける角度δは、集光
レンズ1の屈折率をNとする時、スネルの法則
sin (θ+δ) =Ns i nθを満足する角度
である。
第1図は第一面の平面10を基準に考えた場合を示して
おり、第一面の平面10の法線Hに対して角度〈θ+δ
)で入射する平行光が無収差で焦点Fに集光する。
角度θを大きくすれば、焦点Fに無収差で集光する平行
光が第一面の平面10の法線Hとなす角度(θ+δ)も
大きくなるものであり、そしである検知領域を設定する
にあたり、第一面の平面10をその検知領域に向けなく
とも、検知領域から出る赤外線を集光レンズ1は無収差
で焦点F位置に置かれる赤外線検知素子に集光させるこ
とができるものである。
[実施例]
以下本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて詳述すると、第2
図は第一面の平面10の法線Hと、第二面の双曲面20
の回転軸Cとがなす角度θが24842’ 、屈折率が
1.53、焦点距離を14゜50、最大肉厚0.8in
+の集光レンズ1を示している。この場合、焦点Fに無
収差で集光する平行光が第一面の平面10の法線Hとな
す角度は400となる。
ところで、この種のレンズ素材として一般に用いられる
ポリエチレンは、安価で加工性が良いものの、厚みが増
えると吸収のために透過率が低くなるので、集光レンズ
1の厚みをできるだけ薄くする必要があるが、これは第
3図に示すように、フレネルレンズとすることで、レン
ズ面積を小さくすることなく、薄型化を図ることができ
る。
第二面の双曲面20が中央部の第1輪体21とこれを取
り囲む第2輪体22、第2輪体22を更に取り囲む第3
輪体23からなるこの集光レンズ1では、各輪体21,
22.23における回転軸が同じで且つ回転軸との交点
における曲率半径が少しずつ異なっている各双曲面を、
夫々最大肉厚が0.8■、最小肉厚が0.3xwとなる
ようにして、第一面の平面10の法線H方向に重ね合わ
せている。このために、各輪体21.22.23は楕円
形となっている。
そして、第4図は、第一面の平面10の法線Hと、焦点
Fに無収差で集光する平行光線とのなす角度がα、であ
る4つの7レネルタイブの集光レンズ1を環状に並べる
とともに、これらの外周に上記角度がα2(α2〉α1
)である8つのフレネルタイプの集光レンズ1を環状に
並べてフラット型多分割レンズを構成した場合を示して
いる。尚、各集光レンズ■の焦点Fが同一位置であり且
つこの位置に赤外線検知素子3を配していることはもち
ろんである。
【発明の効果]
以上のように本発明においては、双曲面の回転軸と平面
とがなす角度に応じて、焦点に無収差で集光する平行光
と平面の法線方向との間に角度を持たせることができる
ために、必要とする方向にレンズを向けなくとも、この
方向からの赤外線の集光を効率よく行うことができるも
のであり、小型で集光効率に優れたものとすることがで
きる。Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that the first surface is a plane, the second surface is a hyperboloid, and the rotation axis of the hyperboloid of the second surface is oblique to the plane of the first surface. ing. [Function] According to the present invention, it is possible to create an angle between the parallel light that is focused on the focal point without aberration and the normal direction of the plane, depending on the angle formed between the rotation axis of the hyperboloid and the plane. Therefore, infrared rays can be efficiently collected from this direction without having to point the lens in the desired direction. That is, in FIG. 6, the first surface is formed as a plane 10 and the second surface is formed as a hyperboloid 20, and the rotation axis C of the hyperboloid 20 coincides with the normal IIH direction of the plane 10 of the first surface. It is a normal aberration-free single lens, and incident light parallel to the optical axis (in this case, coincident with the rotation axis of the hyperboloid and the normal to the plane) is focused on the focal point F without aberration. In the condensing lens 1 having such a hyperboloid surface 20, as shown in FIG. When the first plane 10 is tilted as shown in FIG. It will shine. Note that the angle δ here is an angle that satisfies Snell's law sin (θ+δ) = Ns i nθ, where N is the refractive index of the condenser lens 1. Figure 1 shows the case where the plane 10 of the first surface is considered as a reference, and the angle 〈θ+δ
) is focused on the focal point F without aberration. If the angle θ is increased, the angle (θ + δ) that the parallel light condensed at the focal point F without aberration and the normal H to the plane 10 of the first surface will also be increased, and a certain detection area is then set. In this case, the condenser lens 1 can condense the infrared rays emitted from the detection area onto the infrared detection element placed at the focal point F without aberration, even if the first plane 10 is not directed toward the detection area. . [Example] The present invention will be described in detail below based on the illustrated example.
The figure shows the normal H of the plane 10 on the first surface and the hyperboloid 20 on the second surface.
The angle θ formed by the axis of rotation C is 24842', the refractive index is 1.53, the focal length is 14°50, and the maximum thickness is 0.8 inch.
+ condenser lens 1 is shown. In this case, the angle between the parallel light condensed at the focal point F without aberration and the normal H to the plane 10 of the first surface is 400. By the way, polyethylene, which is generally used as a material for this type of lens, is inexpensive and has good processability, but as the thickness increases, the transmittance decreases due to absorption, so it is necessary to make the thickness of the condenser lens 1 as thin as possible. However, as shown in FIG. 3, by using a Fresnel lens, the lens can be made thinner without reducing the lens area. The hyperboloid 20 of the second surface includes a first ring 21 in the center, a second ring 22 surrounding it, and a third ring 22 that further surrounds the second ring 22.
In this condensing lens 1 consisting of a ring 23, each ring 21,
22. Each hyperboloid in 23 has the same axis of rotation and has a slightly different radius of curvature at the intersection with the axis of rotation,
They are superimposed in the normal H direction to the plane 10 of the first surface so that the maximum thickness is 0.8 mm and the minimum thickness is 0.3 x w, respectively. For this purpose, each wheel 21, 22, 23 is oval in shape. FIG. 4 shows four 7-lens type condensing lenses 1 in an annular shape in which the angle α between the normal H to the plane 10 on the first surface and the parallel rays condensed at the focal point F without aberration is α. and the above angle is α2 (α2〉α1) on their outer periphery.
) is shown in which eight Fresnel type condensing lenses 1 are arranged in an annular shape to form a flat type multi-segment lens. It goes without saying that the focal point F of each condenser lens (2) is at the same position, and that the infrared detecting element 3 is disposed at this position. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the present invention, there is an angle between the parallel light that is focused on the focal point without aberration and the normal direction of the plane, depending on the angle between the rotation axis of the hyperboloid and the plane. Because it can have a lens, it can efficiently collect infrared rays from this direction without pointing the lens in the required direction, and it is small and has excellent light collection efficiency. be able to.
第1図は本発明に係る集光レンズの断面図、第2図は一
実施例の断面図、第3図(a) (b)はフレネルタイ
プとした場合の正面図と断面図、第4図(a)(b)は
多分割レンズとした場合の正面図と側面図、第5図は本
発明を説明する断面図、第6図は通常の双曲面レンズの
断面図、第7図は従来例の斜視図であって、1は集光レ
ンズ、10は平面、20は双曲面、Hは平面の法線、C
は双曲面の回転軸を示す。Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a condenser lens according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of one embodiment, Figs. 3(a) and 3(b) are a front view and a sectional view of a Fresnel type lens, Figures (a) and (b) are front and side views of a multi-segmented lens, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view explaining the present invention, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a normal hyperboloid lens, and Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a normal hyperboloid lens. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional example, where 1 is a condenser lens, 10 is a plane, 20 is a hyperboloid, H is a normal to the plane, and C
indicates the rotation axis of the hyperboloid.
Claims (1)
双曲面の回転軸が第一面の平面に対して斜交しているこ
とを特徴とする赤外線式検知装置用集光レンズ。(1) An infrared detection device characterized in that the first surface is a plane, the second surface is a hyperboloid, and the rotation axis of the hyperboloid of the second surface is oblique to the plane of the first surface. condensing lens.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1326372A JPH0734041B2 (en) | 1989-12-15 | 1989-12-15 | Condensing lens for infrared detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1326372A JPH0734041B2 (en) | 1989-12-15 | 1989-12-15 | Condensing lens for infrared detector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03186801A true JPH03186801A (en) | 1991-08-14 |
JPH0734041B2 JPH0734041B2 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
Family
ID=18187065
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1326372A Expired - Lifetime JPH0734041B2 (en) | 1989-12-15 | 1989-12-15 | Condensing lens for infrared detector |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0734041B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5666221A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1997-09-09 | Hughes Electronics | Binary optic imaging system |
WO2012118108A1 (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | Collecting lens and multi-segment lens |
KR101596316B1 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-02-22 | 몰렉스 엘엘씨 | Card tray for electronic device and tray carrier assembly using the same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6281615A (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1987-04-15 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Lens for optical coupling |
JPS62100723A (en) * | 1985-10-28 | 1987-05-11 | Tokyo Denshi Kogyo Kk | Television camera device for inspecting inside of tube |
JPS62134603A (en) * | 1985-12-06 | 1987-06-17 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Photoelectric switch |
-
1989
- 1989-12-15 JP JP1326372A patent/JPH0734041B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6281615A (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1987-04-15 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Lens for optical coupling |
JPS62100723A (en) * | 1985-10-28 | 1987-05-11 | Tokyo Denshi Kogyo Kk | Television camera device for inspecting inside of tube |
JPS62134603A (en) * | 1985-12-06 | 1987-06-17 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Photoelectric switch |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5666221A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1997-09-09 | Hughes Electronics | Binary optic imaging system |
WO2012118108A1 (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | Collecting lens and multi-segment lens |
CN103229076A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2013-07-31 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Collecting lens and multi-segment lens |
US8810928B2 (en) | 2011-03-01 | 2014-08-19 | Panasonic Corporation | Collecting lens and multi-segment lens |
CN103229076B (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2015-08-19 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Collector lens and multi-split lens |
KR101596316B1 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-02-22 | 몰렉스 엘엘씨 | Card tray for electronic device and tray carrier assembly using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0734041B2 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
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