JPH03179995A - Stereoscopic picture display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize a stereoscopic picture, for which the limit of a view point position is reduced, equipped with natural kinetic parallax without lowering resolution and without glasses by multiplexing plural pictures corresponding to the parallax in a depth direction. CONSTITUTION:Plural two-dimensional picture display means 4 are arranged and a character Q is displayed on a two-dimensional display means 41 close to an observer. Next, a character A is displayed on a two-dimensional picture display means 42. At such a time, since the means 42 is the two-dimensional picture display means at a position most apart from the observer, in picture elements not correspond to the form of the character A, a suitable background picture is displayed. Afterwards, the display in such a way is observed by both eyes. At such a time, at the left eye, the central line of the character A is set on the left side in comparison with the central line of the character Q and at the right eye, however, the central line of A is set on the right side. Thus, at such a time, the parallax of the both eyes is generated in the picture observed by the left and right eyes without fail.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display device, and particularly to a stereoscopic image display device that does not require unnecessary glasses such as polarized glasses or liquid crystal shutter glasses.

(Summary of the Invention) This invention relates to a stereoscopic image display device without glasses,
A basic element is a pair of a transmitting element whose transmittance of light from the rear surface is controlled and a light emitting element whose own light emission is controlled, and a plurality of these basic elements can be arranged three-dimensionally, or two basic elements can be
In the case of dimensional flat plates, a three-dimensional image is displayed by arranging them side by side in the depth direction.

In this way, it is possible to provide a stereoscopic image display device without glasses that has natural motion parallax and fewer restrictions on the viewpoint position.

(Prior Art) Conventional stereoscopic image display devices without glasses include the following.

First, a semi-cylindrical lenticular lens or a vertical grid is pasted onto a display such as an ordinary CRT.
An optical positional relationship is created in which only a part of the display can be seen at a certain eye position. At this time, since the spatial positions of the left and right eyes are different, each eye can see different parts of the display. At this time, if an image for the left eye is displayed in the portion of the display that is viewed by the left eye, and an image for the right eye is displayed in the portion of the display that is viewed by the right eye, the viewer can view the image stereoscopically without glasses. This can be said to be multiplexing images corresponding to various eye positions on the display.

The above will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. Third
The figure shows the positional relationship when the vertical grid 2 is attached to the display surface 1, and is a view seen from a position directly above the display. Assume that four images 3, a, b, c, and d, are displayed multiplexed on the display surface as shown in FIG. If this display 1 is covered with an appropriate vertical grid 2 as shown in FIG. 3, areas P, , P, , PL, P3 . P,,P4. Each area of P5 is an area where only a is visible, an area where a and b are visible, an area where only b is visible, an area N where b and C are visible, an area where only C is visible, an area where C and d are visible, an area where only d is visible. Depending on the observation position, there are a, b, and c.

Only one image of d becomes visible. For example, if the left eye exists at the position of area PL in FIG. 3 and the right eye exists at the position of area PR, the left eye will see an image, but the right eye will only see image C. Therefore, if images for the left eye and right eye are displayed in preliminary images S and C, respectively, stereoscopic vision can be achieved without using the III mirror. The above is the basic idea of conventional stereoscopic image display without glasses.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) The conventional technology has the following problems.

First, since images corresponding to various eye positions are multiplexed on the display, the resolution decreases at the rate of multiplexing. For example, if two images for the left eye and the right eye are multiplexed on a display with a horizontal resolution of 600 lines, the horizontal resolution of the image for one eye will be 300 lines. Also,
In the example shown in FIG. 3, four images are multiplexed, resulting in 150 images. In this way, the more multiple images are multiplexed, the lower the resolution of the visible image becomes.

Second, observation positions are limited. If the left eye exists at the position of point Q, indicated by the broken line in FIG. 3, and the right eye exists at the position of Q,l, then the left eye will receive image a.

Two images (b) appear in the right eye, and two images (c and d) appear in the right eye, resulting in an extremely unnatural appearance.

The above are the problems of the conventional method in which a vertical grid is pasted on the display, but the conventional method in which a lenticular lens is pasted also has exactly the same problems.

The reason for this problem is that images corresponding to various eye positions are multiplexed on the display surface.

Therefore, the present invention arranges the light emitting parts of the display three-dimensionally and controls the display so that the light emitted further away from the viewer is visually blocked by the light emitted closer to the viewer. This allows an image to be viewed according to the position of the viewer's eyes without glasses.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve this object, a first device according to the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention provides a stereoscopic image display device in which the transmittance of light from the rear surface is adjusted by external control to the device. It is equipped with a plurality of light emitting transmitting means in which a controlled transmitting means is combined with a light emitting means whose emission brightness is controlled by external control, and a plurality of light emitting transmitting means arranged three-dimensionally in order to display a three-dimensional image. The present invention is characterized by comprising a control means for controlling the light transmission state and light emission state of each of the light emission and transmission means.

Further, a second device according to the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention is a stereoscopic image display device, in which the device includes a two-dimensional transmitting means for two-dimensionally controlling the transmittance of light from the rear surface by external control; and a two-dimensional light emitting means whose luminance is two-dimensionally controlled by the control, and the two-dimensional transmitting means and the two-dimensional light emitting means are arranged in the depth direction at predetermined intervals that are not necessarily constant in order to display a three-dimensional image. A three-dimensional image display means is provided in which a predetermined number of two-dimensional image display means are arranged in pairs with a light-emitting means, and a control means is further provided for controlling the light transmission state and light-emission state of each of the two-dimensional image display means. It is characterized by the fact that

(Function) As described above, according to the display device of the present invention, a plurality of images corresponding to different parallaxes are multiplexed in the depth direction, unlike the conventional planar array, so there is no reduction in resolution and a natural display is achieved. It becomes possible to display stereoscopic images without glasses, with motion parallax and fewer restrictions on the viewpoint position.

(Example) The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but before going into the description of this example, the principle of the display device of the present invention will be explained.

First, the two-dimensional image display means 4 will be explained with reference to FIG. The two-dimensional image display means 4 is an image display device that can change the transmission state of light 7 from the rear surface and the light emission state of its own light emission 8 for each pixel by a control signal from the outside. Here, the light transmission state is a state in which the light 7 from the rear surface is transmitted to the front side, semi-transmitted, or blocked. Furthermore, the light emitting state is the state of the brightness (in the sense of including hue and color saturation) of the light 8 emitted by the two-dimensional image display means 4 itself. FIG. 2 is an example in which a circle is displayed on the two-dimensional image display device 4, and the pixels corresponding to the circle are portions 6 that block the rear light and emit light by themselves. On the other hand, in other pixels, the portion 5 transmits the rear light.

Therefore, consider a case where a plurality of two-dimensional image display means 4 are arranged side by side as shown in FIG. For ease of understanding, the first
Although the figure shows an example in which only two light emission transmitting means are arranged, the same explanation can be given when a larger number of light emission transmitting means are used. Further, the same explanation can be given in the case where minute light emission transmitting means are three-dimensionally arranged so that the light transmission state from the rear surface and the light emission state thereof can be changed by an external control signal.

First, in FIG. 1, the letter Q is displayed on the two-dimensional image display means 41 that is closer to the viewer. That is, the pixels corresponding to the shape of the letter Q emit light by themselves, and the other pixels transmit light from the rear surface. This is similar to drawing the letter Q with paint on a transparent glass surface. Next, the letter A is displayed on the two-dimensional image display means 42. At this time, since the means 42 is a two-dimensional image display means located at the farthest position from the viewer, it is assumed that pixels that do not correspond to the shape of the letter A display an appropriate background image.

Next, the display thus displayed is viewed with both eyes. At this time, for the left eye, the center line of the letter A is on the left side compared to the center line for the letter Q, but for the right eye, it is on the right side. Therefore, the images seen by the left and right eyes at this time are as shown in FIGS. 1(b) and (C), and binocular parallax clearly occurs.

Note that in the above explanation, the transmission state of light from the rear surface is limited to the binary state of transmission or occlusion, but when trying to display an object where the other side can be seen through, semi-transmission is used. All you have to do is let it do that and then emit light yourself.

In addition, in the above explanation, the explanation was limited to two viewpoint positions, namely the positions of the left and right eyes, but in reality, at any viewpoint position where this display can be observed,
A change in appearance occurs as described above. This is nothing but the display showing motion parallax.

Furthermore, since the display device of the present invention multiplexes a plurality of images corresponding to parallax in the depth direction, there is no reduction in resolution, which is a problem with conventional systems such as the lenticular one-way system. Further, the problem with the conventional device, such as points QL and QR in FIG. 3, where the image appears unnatural at a certain viewpoint position, does not occur in principle with the device of the present invention.

As described above, by using the present invention, it is possible to realize a stereoscopic image without glasses, which has no reduction in resolution, has natural motion parallax, and has few restrictions on the viewpoint position.

Examples will be described below.

The first embodiment of the present invention uses a light emitting transmitting means 14 in the form of a superimposed microtransparent light emitter and a liquid crystal type light modulating element, and a large number of these are arranged on a plane to construct a two-dimensional image display device. ,
Further, a plurality of these two-dimensional image display devices are arranged in the normal direction of the surface, that is, in the depth direction.

To explain this while looking at this schematic diagram, Figure 5, first,
A small transparent light emitter 12 is surrounded by a cylindrical member 13, one end of which is left as is, and a liquid crystal light modulator 11 is attached to the other end (FIG. 5(a)). This is the light emission transmitting means 14
becomes. Note that the light emission state of the light emitter 12 and the light transmission state of the liquid crystal light modulation element 11 can be controlled from the outside. here,
The light transmission state is whether the light from the rear side is transmitted to the front side or not.
It is either semi-transparent or shielded.

Furthermore, the light emitting state is the brightness (in the sense of including hue and color saturation) of the light emitted by the light emitting body. Next, by arranging these on a surface as shown in FIG. 5) and emitting light from each light emitting body in association with each pixel in the image, a two-dimensional image can be displayed. Furthermore, when a plurality of these two-dimensional image display devices are arranged as shown in FIG. By controlling it, it becomes possible to display a three-dimensional image.

In addition, in the example shown in FIG.
The two-dimensional image display means 4 is configured by arranging it in a dimensional plane,
Although the three-dimensional image display means is constructed by arranging several of these in the depth direction, the present invention is not limited to this, and a large number of means 14 may be arbitrarily arranged three-dimensionally from side to side.

Next, a method of controlling the liquid crystal light modulation element 11 will be described.

In each two-dimensional image display device 4, a liquid crystal light modulation element 1
1 is called a background signal.

A background signal of a certain part of a two-dimensional image is set to -1 only when it is determined that the part is not a subject but a background. In other cases, that is, when the subject is not the background, the light transmittance of the subject is used as the background signal. Only for special objects such as translucent plastic, the background signal will be an intermediate value between 0 and 1, but since objects generally do not transmit light, in most cases the background signal will be -0.

This background separation algorithm may use technology in the field of image engineering. Zendai, algorithm used in D-101J).Using the background signal obtained in this way, when the background signal is -0, light is blocked and the background signal is -1.
The liquid crystal light modulation element 11 is controlled by transmitting light when the value is in between, and transmitting more light as the value increases when the value is in between.

Next, we will discuss how such a device can perform three-dimensional display.

FIG. 6(a) is a diagram of an image displayed by the above-mentioned device being observed from four viewpoint areas A, B, C, and D, viewed from directly above. Each area A.

B, C, and D are the area where β appears to be separated to the left of α, the area where β appears to the left of α, the area where β is visually occluded by α and cannot be seen, and the area where β appears to the right of α. be.

Two-dimensional image display devices generally display images in a plane,
To facilitate understanding, it is assumed that a linear image in the horizontal direction is displayed without considering the vertical direction of the display device. That is, the number of pixels is 4 horizontally x 1 vertically.

4 Also, this is an example in which two two-dimensional image display devices are stacked one on top of the other.

Therefore, let us consider a case where this device is controlled as follows. In the two-dimensional image display device 41, the light emitting state is controlled so that only the third pixel counting from the leftmost pixel emits light and the others do not emit light. Further, the light transmission state is controlled so that only the third pixel blocks light from the rear surface, and the others are transmitted. This is expressed as. In addition, the two-dimensional image display means 4
Regarding 2, control is performed so that the following is true. Here, the reason why the background is all 0 in the device 42 is because the number of two-dimensional image display devices is assumed to be two, and there is no longer a two-dimensional image display device on the rear surface of the device 42. This is to prevent light from passing through.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 6(b), A
In the images provided from each viewpoint area of −D, as the viewpoint position moves to the right, the relative position of the light emitter β with respect to the light emitter α moves to the right. Therefore, it can be said that motion parallax is displayed. Furthermore, when viewing this with both eyes, the left and right eyes are located at different viewpoint positions, so they see differently, which is called binocular parallax. In this way, stereoscopic vision with motion parallax can be achieved without glasses.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the minute transparent light emitter 12 is placed in the tube 13.
A two-dimensional image display device 4 is constructed by arranging a large number of light emitting transmitting means 14 on one end of which a liquid crystal light modulation element 11 is superimposed on one end of the light emitting means 14. This is an example in which a plurality of display devices 4 are arranged in the normal direction of the surface thereof. Generally, the desired effect can be changed by three-dimensionally arranging the light emitting transmitting means 14 that can control the transmitting state of the rear light 7 and the light emitting state of itself.

Next, a second example will be shown.

In a second embodiment of the present invention, a two-dimensional light modulating means E is provided on the rear surface of a transparent two-dimensional light emitting means F that can control the light emission state of each pixel, and a two-dimensional light modulating means E that can control the light transmission state of each pixel.
is arranged. Note that the light emitting state and the transmitting state herein have the same meanings as in the first embodiment.

To explain with reference to FIG. 7 showing a schematic diagram of the second embodiment, first, an LED is placed in a transparent plate across the - side.
Place. The light emitting state of each LED can be changed by external control. This is referred to as a two-dimensional light emitting device F1. Next, a liquid crystal light modulation plate E is placed on the rear surface of this two-dimensional light emitting device F. This liquid crystal type light modulation plate can be one used in commercially available liquid crystal projectors, and has a function of controlling the light transmission state for each pixel.

Furthermore, another two-dimensional light emitting device f F 2 that is controlled independently of the two-dimensional light emitting device F1 described above is arranged on the rear surface,
Similarly, two-dimensional light emitting device F, (k-1, 2, --
--, n) and liquid crystal light modulation plate Ek (k=1.2.--
--, n-1) are arranged alternately.

Next, a method of controlling this device will be described.

In the second embodiment, a background signal R is used to control the liquid crystal light modulation plate E. This is the same as the background signal explained in the first embodiment, and can also be generated from the image signal. First, a certain two-dimensional light emitting device Fk and a liquid crystal light modulation plate E
Considering a set of k, the image signal Sk is sent to the two-dimensional light emitting device F,
The corresponding background signals R5 are respectively input to the liquid crystal light modulation plate Ek.

The two-dimensional light emitting device F displays images in a normal manner.

That is, bright parts of the image signal emit light, and dark parts emit dark light.

On the other hand, in the liquid crystal light modulation plate Ek, light is transmitted through pixels where the background signal Rk is 1, and light is blocked at pixels where the background signal Rk is 0, and when the value is in between, the higher the value, the more light is transmitted. It works like this.

By controlling as described above, the light emission state and transmission state can be changed in the same way as in the first embodiment, so that images with motion parallax and binocular parallax can be observed as explained in the first embodiment. can.

Note that in the above description, the light emitting element is an LED, but other small light emitting elements may be used.

8 (Effects of the invention) In the conventional method of pasting lenticular lenses or vertical grids on the display, the visible resolution is (1/number of viewpoints) compared to the display resolution,
Resolution decreases significantly.

Furthermore, since the image appears unnatural at a certain viewpoint position, there is a problem in that observation positions are limited.

However, in the method of the present invention, since a plurality of images corresponding to parallax are multiplexed in the depth direction, the resolution does not decrease. In addition, the phenomenon of unnatural appearance at certain viewpoint positions, which was a problem with conventional methods, has been solved.
In principle, this does not occur with the method of the present invention.

By using the present invention in this way, there is no reduction in resolution,
It is possible to realize stereoscopic images without glasses with natural motion parallax and fewer restrictions on the viewpoint position.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the principle of a display device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a two-dimensional image display means according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining conventional stereoscopic vision. Fig. 4 is an example of the arrangement of images in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the first embodiment, Fig. 6 is a diagram explaining how the images appear in the first embodiment, and Fig. 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the second embodiment. ■...Display surface 2...Vertical grid surface 3...
4 images of units 4, 41. 42... Two-dimensional image display means 5... Transparent part 6... Light emitting part 7... Rear light 8... Self-emitted light 11 ...Liquid crystal light modulation element 12...Transparent phosphor 13...Cylinder
14...Light emission transmitting means E...Liquid crystal light modulation plate F...Two-dimensional light emitting device R...Background signal S...Image signal Figure 2 2 Water source image display process (3rd Figure Conventional (0 stereoscopic angle explanation 0 left 0 circle) i Shiba BJE 1 Figure Figure 5 Figure ILf') Implementation Ita 11 structure Required diagram Figure 6
In the 10th circle 1, the visual power of the image (a)
Painting Q (6耘LU; Udingσ) 1''Eming 0Σ1 Fig. 7 Range Z(r) Disaster treatment 1 Accumulation X Existing map

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A stereoscopic image display device, which includes a transmitting means for controlling the transmittance of light from the rear surface by external control;
A plurality of light emission transmission means combined with a light emission means whose emission brightness is controlled by external control are provided, and
A three-dimensional image display device comprising: a control means for controlling a light transmission state and a light emission state of each of the plurality of light emission and transmission means arranged three-dimensionally in order to display a three-dimensional image. 2. In the display device according to claim 1, the light emitting means is a transparent light emitting element whose light emitting state can be externally controlled, and the transmitting means is a light modulating element whose light transmission state can be changed by external control. A stereoscopic image display device characterized by. 3. In a stereoscopic image display device, the transmittance of light from the rear surface is two-dimensionally controlled by external control of the device.
It is equipped with a dimensional transmitting means and a two-dimensional light emitting means whose emission brightness is two-dimensionally controlled by an external control, and in order to display a three-dimensional image, the two-dimensional light is transmitted in the depth direction at predetermined intervals that are not necessarily constant. A three-dimensional image display means is provided in which a predetermined number of two-dimensional image display means, each of which is a pair of a transmission means and the two-dimensional light emitting means, is arranged, and a light transmission state and a light emission state are determined for each of the two-dimensional image display means. A stereoscopic image display device characterized by comprising a control means for controlling. 4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the two-dimensional light emitting means is capable of controlling a light emitting state for each pixel, and the two-dimensional transmitting means is located at the rear surface of the two-dimensional light emitting means, and the two-dimensional light emitting means is capable of controlling a light emitting state for each pixel. A stereoscopic image display device characterized by being able to control a transmission state.