JP2902957B2 - 3D display device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional display device,
In particular, the present invention relates to a stereoscopic display device having a stereoscopic viewing area wider than that of a lenticular stereoscopic display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a so-called three-dimensional picture, a three-dimensional image is easily obtained by arranging a lenticular plate in front of an image.

[0003] The principle of this three-dimensional picture is, as shown in FIG.
Images viewed from different directions on the back surface (focal plane) of the lenticular plate 1, for example, a right-eye image 2 </ b> R and a left-eye image 2 </ b> L are continuously printed in a vertical stripe shape, and a right-eye image 2 </ b> R in front of the lenticular plate 1. And the left-eye image 2L are formed at an interval between both eyes. The three-dimensional image is sensed by looking at the images by viewing the left and right separated images with the right and left eyes in this manner.

Utilizing this principle, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a lenticular plate 20 is disposed above a front panel 11 of a liquid crystal panel 10, and the right eye information 12R is provided every other vertical line of the liquid crystal panel 10. A liquid crystal stereoscopic display device which obtains a stereoscopic image by inputting the left eye information 12L is already known (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-65943).

[0005]

As shown in FIG. 3, since a light-shielding portion called a black matrix 13 exists between the pixel openings 12 of the liquid crystal panel 10, the pixels of the liquid crystal panel 10 in the horizontal direction are not provided. Assuming that the pitch is L, the opening width of the pixel in the horizontal direction is M, and the distance between human eyes is 65 mm, the movement range of the eyes capable of stereoscopic viewing is as follows.
Centering on the left and right eyes on which the second image 12i is formed,
It is limited to the range shown in the following Expression 1.

[0006]

[Equation 1] 65 × M / L

[0007] If the head is moved a little more than this, the image 13i of the black matrix 13 enters the eye,
The three-dimensional image cannot be observed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic display device capable of expanding a stereoscopic viewing area compared to a lenticular stereoscopic display device. .

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a stereoscopic image forming apparatus having a pixel shape having at least a vertical stripe-shaped black portion, wherein an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side or a light source side to enable stereoscopic viewing. In the display device, the following measures are taken to achieve the above object.

That is, in the first three-dimensional display device according to the present invention, the pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is set to be not less than one-half and less than two-thirds of the pixel pitch L. Has an aperture ratio of approximately (LM) / nL or more and M / nL or less.

Further, in the second stereoscopic display device according to the present invention, the pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is less than one half of the pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially equal to the pixel pitch L. (LM) / nL or less.

Further, in the third three-dimensional display device of the present invention, the pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is at least two-thirds and less than one pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is Exceeds approximately (LM) / nL and 2 (LM) / n
L or less.

The image forming apparatus according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a pixel shape having at least a vertical striped black portion and can physically place an optical filter on its observation surface side or light source side. For example, when an optical filter is arranged on the observation surface side, a light-emitting or transmission-type image forming apparatus can be used. As the light-emitting image forming apparatus, a plasma display panel, an EL panel, and a CRT are typical. A liquid crystal panel, a transmission type diffusion panel, and the like are typical examples of a transmission type image forming apparatus.

When the optical filter is arranged on the light source side, a transmission type image forming apparatus can be used.

The aperture ratio of the optical filter in the present invention is defined as the width (opening width) of each opening of the optical filter in the lateral direction.
This is the ratio (b / B) between b and the pitch B of the lateral openings.

[0016]

As described above, if the aperture ratio of the optical filter is set according to the magnitude relationship between the pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus and the pixel pitch L, the distance between human eyes (65) can be obtained.
mm) or more, the vertical stripe-shaped black portion of the image forming apparatus does not enter the field of view even when the eye is moved, so that stereoscopic viewing becomes possible.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The principle of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. Before that, the present invention is used for designing a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment in which an optical filter is arranged on the observation surface side of an image forming apparatus. Characters representing parameters to be performed will be described with reference to FIG.

The parameters used in this design are the horizontal pitch B of the opening of the optical filter, the horizontal width b of the opening of the optical filter, the pixel pitch L of the liquid crystal panel, and the horizontal pixel opening width of the liquid crystal panel. M, interocular distance E (= 65 m
m), the distance r between the image forming surface and the optical filter (converted value in the air), the distance between the optical filter and the eye (appropriate viewing distance) R, and the like. As shown, the following equations (1) and (2) hold.

[0019]

L: r = E: R (1)

[0020]

３LR = rE (2)

As shown in FIG. 6, (3)
Equation (4) holds.

[0022]

## EQU4 ## 2L: R + r = B: R (3)

[0023]

∴B (R + r) = 2LR (4)

As shown in FIG. 7, the image of the image formed on the image forming surface is, for example, light emitted from the pixel opening of the image forming apparatus written as right, which is sandwiched between two dotted lines in FIG. At a position separated from the optical filter by a suitable viewing distance R, if the movement of the eye to the left and right is within the range e, this pixel can be seen.

The optimum viewing position is the middle point of e, and the range in which stereoscopic viewing is possible in the horizontal direction can be considered depending on the magnitude relationship between the interocular distances E and e.

First, when the range e is equal to or more than 0 and equal to or less than the interocular distance E, as shown in FIG. 8, if both eyes are within the range of e, "right" and "left" are passed through the opening of the optical filter. Since light from the pixels reaches the right and left eyes, respectively, stereoscopic viewing is possible.

However, if both eyes are out of the range e and enter the range K, no light reaches from any pixel, that is, a so-called black region, so that stereoscopic vision cannot be achieved. e and K are expressed as in equations (7) and (8) from the relationship of the following equations (5) and (6).

[0028]

E: R + rb / (M + b) = b: rM / (M +
b)… (5)

[0029]

K: RK / (K + b) = LM: r + Rb /
(K + b) (6)

[0030]

E = {b (R + r) + MR} / r (7)

[0031]

K = {(L−M) R−b (R + r)} / r (8)

The horizontal stereoscopic viewable range W is expressed by the following equation (9).

[0033]

W = e = {b (R + r) + MR} / r (9)

The range e is larger than the interocular distance E, and the interocular distance E
If the value is not more than twice as large as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG.

The range s in FIGS. 9 and 10 is a crosstalk area. When the user enters this area, both "right" and "left" pixels are seen, and a double image is observed.

[0036]

R ′: LM = r ′ + r: b = r ′ + r +
R: s (10)

[0037]

{S = {b (R + r) − (LM) R} / r (11)

In FIG. 10, the above (10), (1)
Since the horizontal stereoscopic viewable range W is expressed by the following equation (1), the following equation (12) is obtained.

[0039]

W = e−2s = {(2L−M) R−b (R + r)} / r (12)

When e = 2 s, crosstalk can be seen at all positions, and W becomes zero. In FIG. 9, the same relational expression as Expression 13 is derived.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the range in which the eye at the proper viewing position faces the image display unit through the opening of the optical filter, that is, the observation range X is given by the following equation (13). Equation 14) is obtained.

[0042]

X: r + R = b: R (13)

[0043]

X = b (r + R) / R (14)

The general formula of the luminance of the liquid crystal panel seen by the observer is classified according to the size of the observation range X, and is expressed as follows. However, the brightness when the aperture ratio of the pixel in the horizontal direction is 100% and there is no optical filter is defined as 1. (The luminance is M when the pixel aperture ratio is M / L and there is no optical filter.
/ L. )

First, when the observation area X is not less than 0 and less than the pixel opening width M, the luminance A is determined by the magnitude of X, and is expressed by the following equation (15).

[0046]

A = X / 2L (15)

When the observation area X is equal to or more than M and less than (2L−M), the normal pixel openings are all visible irrespective of X, as shown in the following equation (16).

[0048]

A = M / 2L (16)

At this time, since the left and right images are completely separated by the optical filter, the luminance is half that of the case without the optical filter.

When the observation area X exceeds (2LM) and
In the case of L or less, since light from both adjacent pixels (pixels of opposite vision) enters, the following equation (17) is obtained.

[0051]

A = {X−2 (LM)} / 2L (17)

When X = 2L, A = M / L.

The above relationship is based on the pixel aperture ratio (M
/ L) is equal to or greater than half (50%) and less than half, and is rearranged using the above general formula.
And the respective characteristic diagrams of FIG. 13 are obtained.

Here, the aperture ratio of the optical filter (b / B)
Is 0, the light emission of the liquid crystal panel is inaccessible because the optical filter is not open at all as shown in FIG. 14, and the brightness A is 0, but the image display section is viewed from an infinitely small hole. Therefore, the horizontal stereoscopic viewable range W exists, and is represented by the following Expression 19.

[0055]

[Equation 19] W = EM / L

The aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter is 0.
When the distance becomes larger, the state of FIG. 8 appears first, and thus, as in the above-described equation (9), the following equation 20 is obtained.

[0057]

W = {b (R + r) + MR} / r

Regarding the brightness at the suitable viewing position, the observation area X
Is not less than 0 and less than the pixel opening width M.
From the expressions 4) and (15), the following expression 21 is obtained.

[0059]

A = X / 2L = b (r + R) / 2RL

Further, when the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter is (LM) / 2L, e = E, and FIG. 8 and FIG.
15, that is, the state shown in FIG. At this time, K in (Equation (8)) and s in (Equation (11)) are each 0, and (Equation (9)) or (Equation (12))
Becomes equal to E.

This is a condition that eliminates both black and crosstalk and maximizes the horizontal stereoscopic viewable range.

When the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter is (L−
An area larger than (M) / 2L is an area where crosstalk appears, as shown in FIG. Here, the horizontal stereoscopically viewable range W is calculated by the following equation 2 as in the above equation (12).
As shown in FIG.

[0063]

W = {(2L−M) R−b (R + r)} / r

Further, when the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter becomes M / 2L, X = M in the state shown in FIG. 16, and the luminance A is expressed by the following equation (23) as in the above equation (16). As shown.

[0065]

A = M / 2L

Thereafter, the observation area X exceeds M (2L-
M) The condition of (Expression 23) continues for the luminance A while the following condition is satisfied.

The aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter is (2L
If −M) / 2L is exceeded, W = 0, and the laterally viewable range W disappears. In this range, cross-talk occurs regardless of the position of the eye, so that stereoscopic viewing is no longer possible.

Further, when the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter becomes 1, the same as the case without the optical filter, the luminance becomes M / L.
become. However, when M / L exceeds 2/3, the following equation (24) is obtained.

[0069]

[Formula 24] M / 2L> (LM) / L

For this reason, at the point where the brightness is maximized, the stereoscopic viewing area in the horizontal direction is smaller than the possible range (ME / L) of the lenticular lens, and the advantage of using the optical filter is lost.

The pixel aperture ratio is smaller than 50% (M / L <
In the case of (）), as shown by the characteristic line in FIG. 13, the condition under which the luminance is saturated; b / B = M / 2L and the condition under which the horizontal stereoscopic viewing area is maximized; b / B = (LM) Since the magnitude relationship with / L is reversed, in this case the M / L is small and the maximum brightness at the optimal viewing position is also small, but the maximum brightness can be obtained at the point where W becomes maximum.

From the above, the conditions under which the stereoscopic viewing area is wider than that of the lenticular lens and a certain degree of brightness is ensured are as follows.
There are the following three patterns.

(1) Pixel opening width M of the image forming apparatus
Is less than or equal to one-half and less than two-thirds of the pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is approximately (L−M) / 2L
Above, M / 2L or less.

(2) The pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is less than one half of the pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially (LM) / 2L or less. thing.

(3) The pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is at least two-thirds and less than 1 of the pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially (LM) / 2L
And (LM) / L or less.

In the above embodiment, the binocular stereoscopic display system has been described. However, the present invention can be applied to a multi-view system other than the binocular system. 17 and 18 show the principle of the multi-view system.
Shown in FIG. 17 shows the case of a three-eye system, and FIG. 18 shows the case of a four-eye system. As shown in these configuration diagrams, the three-dimensional display device includes a liquid crystal panel 30, an optical filter 40 provided on the observation surface side of the liquid crystal panel 30, and a light source 50.

As shown in FIG. 17, in the case of the three-lens system,
Three images having different viewpoints are sequentially projected on the pixels of the liquid crystal panel 30, and “A”, “B”, “
The light from the pixel C "reaches the right eye and the left eye, respectively, depending on the position of the head. As shown in FIG.
Images are projected one after the other,
Light from the pixels A "," B "," C ", and" D "reaches the right eye and the left eye, respectively, depending on the position of the head.
In the case of m (m is an integer of 3 or more) multi-view type, the pixel 1
Since images having different viewpoints are displayed in the range from ｍm to 立体 m, when the observer moves his or her head to the left and right, a stereoscopic image can be formed in a wider range as compared with the twin-lens system.

In an n-type (n is an integer of 2 or more) three-dimensional display device, when an optical filter is arranged on the observation surface side of the image forming apparatus, the stripe pitch has the following relationship from FIG.

[0079]

[Mathematical formula-see original document] B: R = nL: (R + r)

[0080]

## EQU26 ## B = nLR / (R + r)

Accordingly, since the aperture ratio (b / B) under the above-mentioned aperture ratio conditions is all 2 / n times, the condition that the stereoscopic viewing area is wider than that of the lenticular lens and that a certain level of brightness is ensured is as follows. In the case of n (n is an integer of 2 or more) eye type, there are the following three patterns.

(4) Pixel opening width M of the image forming apparatus
Is less than or equal to ２ and less than 分 の of the pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially (L−M) / nL.
Above, M / nL or less.

(5) The pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is less than one half of the pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially (LM) / nL or less. thing.

(6) The pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is at least two-thirds of the pixel pitch L and less than 1, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially (LM) / nL.
And 2 (LM) / nL or less.

Next, an embodiment in which the optical filter of the present invention is disposed on the observation surface side of the image forming apparatus will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. 20, the stereoscopic display device according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a liquid crystal panel 30 and an optical filter 40 provided on the front glass 31 on the viewer side of the liquid crystal panel 30. And

The width M of the pixel opening 32 of the liquid crystal panel 30 in the horizontal direction is set to be not less than one-half and less than two-thirds of the pitch L of the pixel opening 32.
That is, the ratio (b / B) of the opening width b and the pitch B of the opening 41 is (LM) / nL (n is an integer of 2 or more).
I am trying to be.

According to the three-dimensional display device configured as described above, it is possible to observe a three-dimensional image in which the stereoscopic viewing area is wider than that of the lenticular lens and a certain degree of luminance is secured.

In this embodiment, the aperture ratio of the optical filter 40 is larger than (LM) / nL.
/ NL or less.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal panel 30
Is half the pixel pitch L of the pixel.
And the aperture ratio of the optical filter 40 (b / B)
Is substantially equal to or less than (LM) / nL.

The other configuration, operation and effect of this embodiment are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and therefore, description thereof will be omitted to avoid duplication.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, the pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the liquid crystal panel 30 is the same as the pixel pitch L.
And the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter 40 is approximately more than (LM) / nL and 2 (L
−M) / nL or less.

The other structure, operation and effect of this embodiment are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and therefore, description thereof will be omitted to avoid duplication.

Next, a liquid crystal panel and a light source (backlight)
An embodiment in which an optical filter is disposed between the two will be described. Characters representing each parameter used in designing the stereoscopic display device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the same parameters are used for the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment.

The parameters used in this design are the horizontal pitch B of the opening of the optical filter, the horizontal width b of the opening of the optical filter, the pixel pitch L of the liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal panel, as in the previous embodiment. Pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction,
These parameters include interocular distance E (= 65 mm), distance r between the image forming surface and the optical filter (converted value in the air), distance between the optical filter and the eye (appropriate viewing distance) R, and the like. As shown in FIG. 22, the following (21) and (2)
Equation 2) holds.

[0096]

L: r = E: (R + r) (21)

[0097]

２８L (R + r) = rE (22)

As shown in FIG. 23, the following (23)
Equation (24) holds.

[0099]

2L: R = B: (R + r) (23)

[0100]

３０BR = 2L (R + r) (24)

As shown in FIG. 24, the image of the image formed on the image forming surface is, for example, the light emitted from the pixel opening of the image forming apparatus written as the right is sandwiched between two dotted lines in FIG. At a position separated from the optical filter by a suitable viewing distance R, if the movement of the eye to the left and right is within the range e, this pixel can be seen.

The optimum viewing position is the middle point of e, and the range in which stereoscopic viewing is possible in the horizontal direction can be considered depending on the magnitude relationship between the interocular distances E and e.

First, when the range e is equal to or more than 0 and equal to or less than the interocular distance E, as shown in FIG. 25, if both eyes are within the range of e, "right" and "left" are passed through the openings of the optical filter.
Since the light from the pixel reaches the right eye and the left eye, respectively, stereoscopic viewing is possible.

However, if both eyes are out of the range e and enter the range K, no light reaches from any pixel, that is, a so-called black region, so that stereoscopic vision cannot be achieved. e and K are the following (25) and (26), respectively.
Expressions (27) and (28) are expressed by the relation of the expressions.

[0105]

E: R + rM / (M + b) = b: rb / (M
+ B)… (25)

[0106]

K = E−e (26)

[0107]

E = {bR + M (R + r)} / r (27)

[0108]

K = {(LM) (R + r) -bR} / r (28)

Then, the range W in the horizontal stereoscopic view is as shown in the following equation (29).

[0110]

W = e = {bR + M (R + r)} / r (29)

The range e is larger than the interocular distance E,
When the value is not more than twice as shown in FIG. 26, as shown in FIG.

The range of s in FIG. 26 is a crosstalk area. When the user enters the area, both right and left pixels are seen, and a double image is observed.

[0113]

S = e−E (30)

[0114]

{S = {bR− (LM) (R + r)} / r (31)

In FIG. 26, the above (30), (3)
1), the horizontal stereoscopic viewable range W is as shown in the following expression (32).

[0116]

W = e−2s = {(2L−M) (R + r) −bR} / r (32)

When e = 2s, the crosstalk can be seen at all positions, and W becomes zero.

Next, as shown in FIG. 27, the range in which the eye at the proper viewing position faces the image display unit through the opening of the optical filter, that is, the observation range X is given by the following equation (33). 34) is obtained.

[0119]

X: R = b: r + R (33)

[0120]

X = bR / (r + R) (34)

The general formula of the luminance of the liquid crystal panel seen by the observer is classified according to the size of the observation range X, and is expressed as follows. However, the brightness when the aperture ratio of the pixel in the horizontal direction is 100% and there is no optical filter is defined as 1. (The luminance is M when the pixel aperture ratio is M / L and there is no optical filter.
/ L. )

First, when the observation area X is not less than 0 and less than the pixel opening width M, the brightness A is determined by the magnitude of X, and is expressed by the following equation (35).

[0123]

A = X / 2L (35)

When the observation area X is equal to or more than M and less than (2L−M), all the normal pixel openings are visible irrespective of X, as shown in the following equation (36).

[0125]

A = M / 2L (36)

At this time, since the left and right images are completely separated by the optical filter, the luminance is half that of the case without the optical filter.

When the observation area X exceeds (2LM) and
In the case of L or less, since light from both neighboring pixels (pixels of opposite vision) enters, the following equation (37) is obtained.

[0128]

A = {X−2 (LM)} / 2L (37)

When X = 2L, A = M / L.

The above relationship is based on the pixel aperture ratio (M
/ L) is equal to or more than half (50%) and less than half, and if rearranged using the above general formula, the same as in the above-described embodiment, each of FIGS. A characteristic diagram is obtained.

Here, the aperture ratio of the optical filter (b / B)
Is 0, the light emission of the liquid crystal panel is inaccessible because the optical filter is not open at all as shown in FIG. 28, and the luminance A is 0, but the image display section is viewed from an infinitely small hole. Considering this, there is a horizontal stereoscopically viewable range W, which is represented by the following Expression 44.

[0132]

[Mathematical formula-see original document] W = EM / L

The aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter is 0.
If the distance becomes larger, the state shown in FIG. 25 appears first, and therefore, as shown in the above equation (29), the following equation 45 is obtained.

[0134]

W = {bR + M (R + r)} / r

Regarding the brightness at the suitable viewing position, the observation area X
Is not less than 0 and less than the pixel opening width M.
From Equations 4) and (15), Equation 46 below is obtained.

[0136]

A = X / 2L = b (r + R) / 2RL

Further, when the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter is (L−M) / 2L, e = E, and the state is an intermediate state between FIGS. 25 and 26, that is, a state shown in FIG. At this time, K in (Equation (28)) and s in (Equation (31)) are each 0, and W in (Equation (29)) or (Equation (32)) becomes equal to E.

This is a condition that eliminates both black and crosstalk and maximizes the horizontal stereoscopic viewable range.

When the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter is (L−
An area larger than (M) / 2L is an area where crosstalk appears, as shown in FIG. Here, the horizontal stereoscopic viewable range W is expressed by the following Expression 47 as in the above Expression (32).

[0140]

[Mathematical formula-see original document] W = {(2LM) (R + r) -bR} / r

When the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter is M / 2L, X = M in the state shown in FIG. 29, and the luminance A is expressed by the following equation (48) as in the above equation (36). As shown.

[0142]

A = M / 2L

After that, the observation area X exceeds M (2L-
M) While the condition of (M) or less is satisfied, the state of the luminance A in the above (Equation 48) continues.

When the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter is (2L
If −M) / 2L is exceeded, W = 0, and the laterally viewable range W disappears. In this range, cross-talk occurs regardless of the position of the eye, so that stereoscopic viewing is no longer possible.

Further, when the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter becomes 1, the same as the case without the optical filter, the luminance becomes M / L.
become. However, when M / L exceeds 2/3, the following equation 49 is obtained.

[0146]

[Formula 49] M / 2L> (LM) / L

For this reason, at the point where the brightness is maximized, the stereoscopic viewing area in the horizontal direction is smaller than the possible range (ME / L) of the lenticular lens, and the advantage of using the optical filter is lost.

The pixel aperture ratio is smaller than 50% (M / L <
In the case of (1/2), as shown by the characteristic line in FIG. 14 described above, the condition under which the luminance is saturated; b / B = M / 2L and the condition under which the horizontal stereoscopic viewing area is maximized; Since the magnitude relationship with (M) / 2L is reversed, the maximum brightness at the optimum viewing position is also small because the M / L is small in this case, but the maximum brightness can be obtained at the point where W becomes maximum. .

As described above, even when the optical filter is disposed on the light source side of the image forming apparatus, the condition that the stereoscopic viewing area is wider than that of the lenticular lens and that a certain level of brightness is ensured depends on the observation surface of the image forming apparatus described above. The following three patterns are obtained as in the case where the optical filter is arranged on the side.

(1 ′) The pixel opening width M of the image forming apparatus is set to be not less than one-half and less than two-thirds of the pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially (L−M) / 2L.
Above, M / 2L or less.

(2 ′) The pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is less than half the pixel pitch L,
The aperture ratio of the optical filter is approximately (LM) / 2L or less.

(3 ') The pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is at least two-thirds and less than 1 of the pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially (LM) / 2
It is more than L and (LM) / L or less.

In the above embodiment, the binocular stereoscopic display system has been described as in the above embodiment, but the present invention can be applied to a multi-view system other than the binocular system. The principle of the multi-view system is shown in FIGS. FIG. 31 shows a three-eye system, and FIG.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a case of a four-lens system. As shown in these configuration diagrams, this stereoscopic display device includes a liquid crystal panel 30 and a light source 50.
And an optical filter 40 provided between the liquid crystal panel 30 and the light source 50.

As shown in FIG. 31, in the case of the three-lens system,
Three images having different viewpoints are sequentially projected on the pixels of the liquid crystal panel 30, and “A”, “B”, “
The light from the pixel C "reaches the right and left eyes, respectively, depending on the position of the head. As shown in FIG.
Images are projected one after the other,
Light from the pixels A "," B "," C ", and" D "reaches the right eye and the left eye, respectively, depending on the position of the head.
In the case of m (m is an integer of 3 or more) multi-view type, the pixel 1
Since images having different viewpoints are displayed in the range from ｍm to 立体 m, when the observer moves his or her head to the left and right, a stereoscopic image can be formed in a wider range as compared with the twin-lens system.

In an n-type (n is an integer of 2 or more) three-dimensional display device, when an optical filter is arranged on the observation surface side of the image forming apparatus, the stripe pitch has the following relationship from FIG.

[0156]

B: (R + r) = nL: R

[0157]

B = nL (R + r) / R

Accordingly, since the aperture ratio (b / B) under the above-mentioned aperture ratio conditions is all 2 / n times, the condition that the stereoscopic viewing area is wider than the lenticular lens and that a certain degree of brightness is ensured is as follows. In the case of the n-type (n is an integer of 2 or more) eye type, the following three patterns are obtained as in the above-described embodiment.

(4 ') The pixel opening width M of the image forming apparatus is set to be not less than one-half and less than two-thirds of the pixel pitch L, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially (LM) / nL.
Above, M / nL or less.

(5 ') The pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is less than half the pixel pitch L,
The aperture ratio of the optical filter is approximately (LM) / nL or less.

(6 ′) The pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus is set to not less than two-thirds of the pixel pitch L and less than 1, and the aperture ratio of the optical filter is substantially (LM) / n.
More than L and not more than 2 (LM) / nL.

Next, an embodiment in which the optical filter of the present invention is arranged on the light source side of the image forming apparatus will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. 34, the stereoscopic display device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel 30 and an optical filter 40 provided on the rear glass 33 on the light source 42 side. ing.

The width M of the pixel opening 32 of the liquid crystal panel 30 in the horizontal direction is set to be not less than one-half and less than two-thirds of the pitch L of the pixel opening 32.
, That is, the ratio (b / B) between the opening width b of the opening 41 and the pitch B is (LM) / nL.

According to the three-dimensional display device configured as described above, it is possible to observe a three-dimensional image in which the stereoscopic viewing area is wider than that of the lenticular lens and a certain degree of luminance is secured.

In this embodiment, the aperture ratio of the optical filter 40 is larger than (LM) / nL.
/ NL or less.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal panel 30
Is half the pixel pitch L of the pixel.
And the aperture ratio of the optical filter 40 (b / B)
Is substantially equal to or less than (LM) / nL.

The other structure, operation and effect of this embodiment are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and therefore, description thereof will be omitted to avoid duplication.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, the pixel opening width M in the horizontal direction of the liquid crystal panel 30 is the same as the pixel pitch L.
And the aperture ratio (b / B) of the optical filter 40 is substantially more than (LM) / nL and 2 (L
−M) / nL or less.

The other structure, operation and effect of this embodiment are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and therefore, description thereof will be omitted to avoid duplication.

[0171]

As described above, according to the present invention, the width of the pixel opening of the light emitting or transmission type image forming apparatus having the pixel shape having at least the vertical stripe-shaped black portion can be reduced in the horizontal direction. By setting the aperture ratio of the optical filter as described above based on the pixel pitch, a display having a wider stereoscopic viewing area than a lenticular lens can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a principle diagram of a three-dimensional picture.

FIG. 2 is a principle diagram of a conventional lenticular type stereoscopic display device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a problem of the lenticular system.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a horizontal stereoscopically viewable range of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a horizontal stereoscopically viewable range of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a lateral stereoscopically viewable range of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a horizontal stereoscopically viewable range of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an observation range of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the optical filter aperture ratio and the luminance of an image according to the present invention, and the relationship between the optical filter aperture ratio and the horizontal stereoscopic viewable range.

FIG. 13 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the optical filter aperture ratio and the luminance of an image according to the present invention, and the relationship between the optical filter aperture ratio and the laterally viewable range.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on the observation surface side of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on the observation surface side of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between three-lens type stereoscopic display devices.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between four-eye stereoscopic display devices.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining a principle of using the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on an observation surface side of an image forming apparatus in an n-eye system.

FIG. 20 is a configuration diagram of one embodiment of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on the observation surface side of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on the light source side.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram of an observation range according to the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of an observation range according to the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining the principle of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between three-lens type stereoscopic display devices.

FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between four-eye stereoscopic display devices.

FIG. 33 shows a case where the optical filter is arranged on the light source side according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between parameters used for explaining a principle used in an eye formula.

FIG. 34 is a configuration diagram of one embodiment of the present invention in which an optical filter is arranged on a light source side.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 30 liquid crystal panel 31 pixel opening 40 optical filter 41 opening

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masahiro Sakata 2-5-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Naoki Matsushita 2-5-2 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka No. 5 Inside Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeshi Kenya 2-5-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Prefecture Inside Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Atsuhiro Yamashita 2-5-2 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Prefecture No. 5 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G02B 27/22 G03B 35/00 H04N 13/04

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of rows having a small width parallel to a pixel row of an image forming and displaying apparatus on an observation surface side of a light emitting or transmitting type image forming apparatus having a pixel shape having at least a vertical stripe-shaped black portion. In a stereoscopic display device in which an optical filter having an opening is disposed to enable stereoscopic viewing, when the number of viewpoints of a display image is n (n is an integer of 2 or more), pixels in the horizontal direction of the image forming apparatus The aperture width M is set to be equal to or more than one-half and less than two-thirds of the pixel pitch L.
/ NL or less. 2. A plurality of rows each having a minute width parallel to a pixel row of an image forming and displaying apparatus on an observation surface side of a light emitting or transmitting type image forming apparatus having a pixel shape having at least a vertical striped black portion. In a stereoscopic display device in which an optical filter having an opening is disposed to enable stereoscopic viewing, when the number of viewpoints of a display image is n (n is an integer of 2 or more), a pixel opening in the horizontal direction of the display device is used. The width M is the pixel pitch L
Wherein the aperture ratio of the aperture of the optical filter is substantially equal to or less than (LM) / nL. 3. A plurality of rows of minute widths parallel to the pixel rows of the image forming display device on the observation surface side of a light emitting or transmission type image forming device having a pixel shape having at least a vertical striped black portion. In a stereoscopic display device in which an optical filter having an opening is disposed to enable stereoscopic viewing, when the number of viewpoints of a display image is n (n is an integer of 2 or more), a pixel opening in the horizontal direction of the display device is used. The width M is the pixel pitch L
And the aperture ratio of the opening of the optical filter is more than approximately (LM) / nL and 2 (LM).
/ NL or less. 4. A plurality of row-shaped openings having a minute width parallel to a pixel row of an image forming display device are provided on a light source side of a transmission type image forming device having a pixel shape having at least a vertical stripe-shaped black portion. In a stereoscopic display device in which stereoscopic viewing is enabled by arranging an optical filter having the same, when the number of viewpoints of a display image is n (n is an integer of 2 or more), the horizontal pixel opening width M of the image forming apparatus is The aperture ratio of the aperture of the optical filter is approximately (L−M) / nL or more,
/ NL or less. 5. A plurality of row-shaped openings having a minute width parallel to a pixel row of an image forming display device are provided on a light source side of a transmission type image forming device having a pixel shape having at least a vertical stripe-shaped black portion. In a stereoscopic display device in which stereoscopic viewing is possible by arranging optical filters having the same, when the number of viewpoints of a display image is n (n is an integer of 2 or more), the horizontal pixel opening width M of the display device is Pixel pitch L
Wherein the aperture ratio of the aperture of the optical filter is substantially equal to or less than (LM) / nL. 6. A plurality of row-shaped openings having a minute width parallel to a pixel row of an image forming display device are provided on a light source side of a transmission type image forming device having a pixel shape having at least a vertical stripe-shaped black portion. In a stereoscopic display device in which stereoscopic viewing is possible by arranging optical filters having the same, when the number of viewpoints of a display image is n (n is an integer of 2 or more), the horizontal pixel opening width M of the display device is Pixel pitch L
And the aperture ratio of the opening of the optical filter is more than approximately (LM) / nL and 2 (LM).
/ NL or less.