JPH03165881A - Treatment of waste shell and hydraulic shell material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently utilize shells which are industrial waste by crushing dried shells with a crusher, mixing specified amts. of the crushed shell, cement and a binder to obtain a hydraulic shell material, measuring and packing the material. CONSTITUTION:Shells are crushed with a crusher, and the crushed shell is screened into a granular material and powder to obtain a coarse aggregate having >= about 5mm size, a fine aggregate having <= about 5mm size and powder having <=2mm size. The ratio of the powder to both aggregates is controlled to about 2/2 to obtain crushed shell, and the specified amts. of the crushed shell, cement and a binder are measured and packed. Besides, 600-900 pts.wt. of the crushed shell, 100-200 pts.wt. of portland cement and 2.5-100 pts.wt. of the binder (mixture of 30-40% CMC, by weight, 30-35% sodium silicate and 30-35% calcium chloride) are preferably mixed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for disposing of seashells, which processes marine shells as industrial waste so that they can be used as materials and then discards them.

[Conventional technology]

Typical oyster farming areas in Japan are Matsushima Bay, Kesennuma Bay, and Matoya Bay (Mie). Hiroshima Bay and Ariake Bay are mentioned, and the annual production in Matsushima alone is approximately 3,000.
It is said to be a ton. Of this tonnage, there are approximately 10 bodies.
%, and about 2,700 h of shells are discarded as industrial waste.

Oyster farming involves attaching seed oysters to scallop shells and hanging them in the sea through strings, so the scallop shells also become industrial waste.

It is prohibited to dump these industrial waste shells directly into the sea, and naturally there are restrictions on where they can be disposed of on land.

On the other hand, it is known that shell ash can be made by burning shells,
It is not widely used because it is not profitable in terms of production cost and utility value.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

As public opinion regarding environmental destruction has increased, there have been many restrictions on the dumping of industrial waste in various ways. In particular, shells tend to disintegrate even when piled up, so temporary stacking also causes problems such as personal injury and damage to structures and cultivated crops due to the collapse.

For these reasons, how to dispose of shells as industrial waste, which is generated every year, has become a source of concern not only for fishing industry operators but also for related organizations and public institutions.

In view of these circumstances, this invention was developed with the aim of providing a method for disposing of shells, which processes shells, which are industrial waste and do not have a place to dispose of them, into a state where they can be used as materials and then disposes of them. .

[Means to solve the problem]

This invention takes the following measures to solve the above problems and achieve the objectives.

(1) A process of drying the shells and crushing them with a crusher to create crushed shells, a process of measuring and mixing the crushed shells, cement, and a binder to create hydraulically hardened shellfish material, and weighing and packaging the hydraulically hardened shellfish material. A method for disposing of seashells, comprising the steps of:

(2) Crushed shells 600-900 parts by weight Portland cement 100-200 parts by weight Binder
2.5 to 10 parts by weight (however, the binder is CM
C 30-40% by weight Sodium silicate 30-40% by weight
35% by weight of calcium chloride and 30-35% by weight of calcium chloride).

(3) Dry the seashells and crush them with a crusher to create crushed seashells, and add 100 to 200 parts by weight of cement and 30 to 35 parts by weight of CMC 30 to 40% by weight of sodium silicate to 600 to 900 parts by weight of the crushed seashells. Water-cured shellfish mixed with 2.5-10 parts by weight of a binder consisting of a mixture of 30-35% calcium chloride is packed in bags, and the bagged water-cured shellfish is transported to the civil engineering project site. A method for disposing of shells, which is characterized by curing water-cured shellfish material by laminating the material and adding water.

A technical measure was taken.

[Effect]

This invention designed as described above has the following effects.

The main component of the shells of oysters, scallops, abalone, turban shells, etc. is approximately 95-99% carbonate lime, which exists as calcite crystals and conchiolin (conchiolin).
The crystals are fixed by an organic substance called lin.

5 Seashells are made up of three major layers: the epidermal layer, the pedicle layer, and the nacreous layer.
The epidermis is thin and easily peels off. In oysters, the ridge layer is thicker than the nacreous layer, and the whole layer is brittle.

When the shell is crushed by a crusher, it becomes granules and powder. Sieve this and use 5IlwI or more as coarse aggregate.
Crushed shells can be obtained by using 5III or less as fine aggregate and 2III or less as powder, and adjusting the ratio of powder and fine aggregate or higher to approximately 2:2. This hydraulically cured shell material, which is a mixture of crushed shells, cement, and a binder, is packed in a bag and transported to a place where it is to be disposed of. For example, if you transport the bag to a landfill, make a small hole in the bag, and then dump it, it can be easily disposed of, and if water gets into the bag from groundwater, rain, artificial watering, etc., the cement and binder inside will react. It hardens as concrete within 24 hours.

That is, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) in the binder contains a portion of -OH of cellulose. It is water-soluble and has high adhesive properties when hydrolyzed, and it penetrates evenly between the crushed shells and the cement particles in a mesh pattern, and the cellulose molecules bundle together and are densely arranged. It creates microcrystals (micelles).There are no gaps in these micelles that even water molecules can penetrate, resulting in the formation of tough concrete.

Sodium silicate hydrolyzes to form a syrup, which penetrates between the crushed shells and cement particles to promote hydrogen bonding and enhance the coagulation effect of cement.

Calcium chloride has the effect of rapidly binding the limestone, silicic acid, and carbonate of crushed shells, which are the components of cement, so it hardens in a short time.

From the above, if the water-cured shell material is removed from the bag, water is added, kneaded, and poured into a mold, a concrete block will be formed in 15 to 20 hours.

If concrete blocks are shaped like pavement blocks, they can be laid out on the road surface to pave the road. Furthermore, if a tetrapod is formed, it can be used for seawalls, fish nests, etc.

It's in the bag. If piled up on a riverbed up to t, it will harden due to the addition of water and become an embankment.

As described above, industrial waste can be disposed of so as to be used as materials, so as long as there is a demand for materials, sufficient disposal sites can be secured.

〔Example〕

A practical example of this invention will be explained.

First, the shell used is an oyster shell. In this case, the oysters collected from the sea are separated from their shells, but since seaweed, microorganisms, oyster meat, and water are attached to the shells, they are temporarily exposed in a bleaching area. When the shells have dried after being exposed to the sun for about three months, they are passed through an electric sieve to remove the outer skin and any deposits. The peeled material is separately crushed and used as feed and fertilizer.

Next, the dried shells are put into a crusher and crushed.
During this crushing, the particles are crushed to a particle size of approximately 15 m+ or less, and then sieved. Sieving is fine powder of 2+m or less, 2mn
Separate into ~5ml+ fine aggregate and 5ml+ coarse aggregate.

The above-mentioned fine powder and crushed shell material of fine aggregate or higher are mixed in a ratio of 1:1 to compose crushed shells. The mixing ratio of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate shall be selected as appropriate depending on the application. That is,
When strength is required, the smaller the particle size, the better.

The crushed shells obtained in this way were weighed to a temperature of 600 kF.
A range of 900 kg is put into a mixer, and a range of 100 hg to 200 hg of Portland cement is added thereto, and a range of 2.5 kg to 7.5 kf of a binder is further added and mixed. In this case, the mixing ratio is: (1) Crushed shells 600 kg cement
100kg Binder 2.5kg (2) Crushed shells 900kg Cement
200 kg binder 10
bg may be used, but 2.5% of the binder is added to 100% of the cement.
% to 5.0%, and the crushed shells are mixed at a ratio of 450 kg to 900 kg per 100 kg of cement. That is, when strength is required, the amount of cement is increased.

9 The water-cured shell material mixed in this way becomes carbon due to moisture.
Since the MC will harden, weigh it, store it in a moisture-proof bag, and seal it. For example, the quantity is Ihg, 5 hll, 10 kg,
Let it be 50 kg etc. The water-cured shellfish material packed in bags in this manner is disposed of as follows.

(1) When disposing of the waste in a landfill, in this case, it should be transported to the site in packed bags,
Either throw it directly into the sea or river, or cut a small hole in the bag and throw it in.

Also, a small hole is opened in the bag and water is poured into the bag by sprinkling water, and the bag is left to harden for 10 hours or more before being poured into the bag.

(2) When using for embankments on riverbeds or coasts, make a small hole in the bag in advance, pour water into it, moisten it well, leave it for 24 hours, peel off the bag, or leave it as it is, wash the surface thoroughly with water and laminate. do. In this case, if you want to connect the solid bodies, open the top of the bag, pour in an appropriate amount of water, mix well with a spatula, etc. to make a paste, and fill the paste between 10 of each solid body. By allowing the stones to stand for 10 hours or more, the stone blocks can be solidified and connected together with cement.

(3) If the reef is to be put into the sea as a fish reef or for leveling the seabed, it is preferable for the reef to have bulk, so it is preferable to use a shaped object rather than a packed bag. To do this, put the water-cured shellfish material from the bag into a mixer, add water and knead it to form a hard paste. The paste is poured into a mold and left to cure for 10 hours or more.

After curing, remove the formwork, wash thoroughly with water, and let stand.

In this case, the amount of coarse aggregate may be increased. Also, the amount of cement should be as small as possible, and the amount of CMC in the binder should be large. The formwork may have any shape as long as it is suitable for a fish reef. A fish reef can be built by loading such structures on a ship, transporting them to a reef building site, and dropping them into the sea. Unlike general cement concrete, this fish reef has a good bond between the cement and its poor water permeability, which is different from general cement concrete, so leaching of so-called scum is not noticeable, and scum does not pose a problem to fish and shellfish. In a short period of time, it can become a base for fish, shellfish, and algae to attach and live.

In addition, when forming the object, water-cured shellfish material is kneaded using the washing water generated during and immediately after the raw oyster sashimi process mentioned above, or the above-mentioned exfoliated skin powder is mixed in, or water mixed with the exfoliated skin powder is mixed. By using it, you can add an odor that is easily familiar to fish and shellfish.

When used for seabed leveling, such as shallow reclamation of seabed unsuitable for swimming, a small hole is made in a bag of bagged water-cured shellfish material, and water is poured into the bag to harden it before being dropped into the sea. If you need nodules larger or smaller than the size of the bag, as above, take out the water-cured shellfish material from the bag, knead it with water, shape it in a mold, and after hardening drop it into the sea to level the seabed. be able to.

Note that a PH adjuster (material) can be mixed into the hydraulically cured shell material.

12 [Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, this invention has the following excellent effects.

(1) Bagged water-cured shellfish hardens into concrete with the same hardness as cement concrete over the course of 10 hours by simply opening a small hole in the bag and pouring water into it, so it can be used as fill material in landfills. Therefore, the reclaimed ground can be made hard.

In addition, if the landfill is a place with moisture, it is easy to work because all you have to do is cut a small hole in the bag and dump the waste.

(2) Water-cured shell materials can be kneaded with water and made into lumps by hand, or cast into formwork and shaped into concrete blocks, so they can be used as roadbed materials and pavements. Aggregate for use. Since it can be used as aggregate for concrete structures, tetrapods, fish reefs, and shaping materials for civil engineering and construction, there is a wide range of demand, and it is possible to effectively dispose of shells as industrial waste without considering the disposal location13. can do.

(3) Gravel for concrete is collected from riverbeds, which causes riverbeds to deteriorate and depletes resources, but in this invention, shells, which are waste materials with no place to dispose of, are used as aggregate in place of gravel. This has the win-win effect of allowing waste materials to be used as materials. (4) The method involves a simple process of crushing shells and mixing them with cement and a binder, so the cost is low and it is highly effective.

14

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A process of drying the shells and crushing them with a crusher to produce crushed shells, a process of measuring and mixing the crushed shells, cement, and a binder to produce hydraulically cured shellfish, and weighing and packaging the hydraulically cured shellfish. A method for disposing of seashells, comprising the steps of: (2) Crushed shells 600-900 parts by weight Portland cement 100-200 parts by weight Binder2.
5 to 10 parts by weight (however, the binder has a mixed composition of 30 to 40% by weight of CMC, 30 to 35% by weight of sodium silicate, and 30 to 35% by weight of calcium chloride). (3) Dry the seashells and crush them with a crusher to create crushed seashells. To 600 to 900 parts by weight of the crushed seashells, 100 to 200 parts by weight of cement, 30 to 40% by weight of CMC, and 30 to 35% by weight of sodium silicate. Water-cured shellfish mixed with 2.5-10 parts by weight of a binder consisting of a mixture of 30-35% by weight of calcium chloride is packed in a bag, and the bagged water-cured shellfish is delivered to a civil engineering project site. A method for disposing of shells, which is characterized by curing water-cured shellfish materials by layering them and adding water.