JPH03161017A - Biological deodorizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To sufficiently correspond to sudden load fluctuation and to perform stable and efficient deodorizing by providing a plurality of packed beds supporting bacteria for decomposing a malodorous component and providing a gas adsorbing or washing apparatus on the gas flow upstream side of the packed beds. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of packed beds 4-6 supporting bacteria for decomposing a malodorous component are provided and gas to be treated is successively passed through the respective packed beds 4-6. A gas adsorbing or washing apparatus 11 is provided on the gas flow upstream side of at least one packed bed. That is, when the load of the malodorous component in the gas to be treated suddenly rises, the gas to be treated is preliminarily treated physically and chemically by the adsorbing or washing apparatus 11 to remove peak-like overload and the load to the packed beds is always set to a definite range to make it possible to treat the gas to be treated. By this method, the gas to be treated can be deodorized stably and efficiently.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application in Business A] The present invention relates to a biological deodorizing device, and particularly to a deodorizing device that biologically deodorizes bad odors generated from human waste treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, and various other factories. In particular, the present invention relates to a biological deodorizing device that can sufficiently cope with rapid load changes and can perform stable and efficient deodorization, especially in a biological deodorizing device that targets sulfur-based malodorous substances.

[Background Art and Prior Art] Sulfur-based odorous substances are odorous components of odorous gases such as human waste and sewage. Sulfur-based odorous substances in odorous gases include hydrogen sulfide (hereinafter referred to as 'H2 SJ), methyl mercaptan (hereinafter referred to as rMMJ), and methyl sulfide (hereinafter referred to as rD).
It is written as MsJ. ), and attempts have been made to remove these sulfur-based odorous substances by biological deodorization.

Conventionally, biological deodorizing devices for deodorizing odorous gases from human waste, sewage, and other wastewater use activated sludge as a source of microorganisms for deodorizing.

For this reason, the microbial composition cannot always be said to be optimal for biological deodorization, and requires long-term acclimatization (40 days or more) until the microbial composition becomes capable of stable deodorization. There were drawbacks.

The present inventors used dimethyl sulfoxide (hereinafter referred to as rDMsOJ) as a technology to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, efficiently decompose and remove sulfur-based odorous substances in odorous gases, and perform deodorization treatment in a short contact time. ) filed a patent application for the use of sulfur-based odor-degrading bacteria cultured in
8. Hereinafter, this will be referred to as "first request ■." ).

Based on the technology of the previous application (2), it is a biological deodorizing device that removes bad odors by ventilating a packed bed of deodorizing material, and the packed bed of deodorizing material uses sulfur-based odor-degrading bacteria cultured in DMSO. A patent application was filed for a biological deodorizing device in which two or more stages of supporting deodorizing material packed beds are arranged in series (Patent application 1986-7).
642. Hereinafter referred to as "Prior Application II J".

According to the above-mentioned prior applications Il and Il, the amount of deodorizing microorganisms in the device is increased by adding sulfur-based malodorous substance-degrading bacteria and its growth substrate, that is, DMSO, shortening the acclimatization period and stabilizing deodorization. It is believed that it is possible to achieve this goal.

By the way, first application I and first application! Since the deodorizing bacteria and growth substrate employed in (2) are expensive, it is desirable to further improve the deodorizing efficiency and deodorizing stability to minimize the amount used.

Therefore, the present inventors developed a treatment tower equipped with an air supply pipe for malodorous gas at the bottom as a biological deodorizer capable of treating malodorous gases containing sulfur-based odorous substances stably, efficiently, and at low cost. A treatment tower is equipped with three or more stages spaced apart in the vertical direction, and supports microorganisms that decompose malodorous components.
In addition, the foul-smelling gas to be treated is placed between the packed bed that ventilates in an upward flow, the drain pipe that sprays washing water onto each filled tank, and the space between the upper and lower packed beds, and the lower packed bed. Installed above the sprinkler pipe for the layer, it allows the flow of foul-smelling gas to pass through, but
A biological deodorizing device comprising a partition plate that blocks water flow from top to bottom and a drain pipe that discharges water accumulated on the partition plate to the outside of the tower, and the packed bed is supplied with air into the treatment tower. A patent application has been filed for a biological deodorizing device that is characterized by forming a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) decomposition layer, a methyl mercabutane (MM) decomposition layer, and a methyl sulfide (DMS) decomposition layer from the upstream side of malodorous gas. Ganpei No. 1-10376.Hereinafter referred to as "Prior Application III"
It's called J. ) According to the biological deodorizing device of the previous application (■), three or more stages of packed layers carrying microorganisms that decompose malodorous components are provided, and the layers are sequentially arranged from the upstream side of the supplied malodorous gas to the H2S decomposition layer, the MM decomposition layer, and the MM decomposition layer. By forming the layer and the DMS decomposition layer independently, it is possible to perform stable processing in each layer from the initial stage of operation. In addition, in each packed bed, optimal operational management can be performed with respect to load adjustment, bacterial growth, etc. so that each malodorous component can be completely decomposed individually. Furthermore, by selecting activated sludge or DMSO 1@cultivation as the microorganisms used in the packed bed depending on the odor intensity to be treated in each packed bed, the amount of DMSO cultured bacteria used can be reduced and the treatment can be improved. It is also possible to reduce costs.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, although the device of the prior application III can obtain excellent effects when the fluctuation range of the load of each odor component in the odorous gas to be treated is small, If the load fluctuates rapidly, such as when the odor components in the inflowing malodorous gas suddenly become high in concentration, it will not be possible to cope with these fluctuations, and a fully satisfactory effect will not be obtained.

For example, H2S in gas was usually 20-40 ppm.
If the concentration suddenly increases to 100-200 ppm, H
The 2S decomposition layer alone cannot handle the problem, and the MM decomposition layer and DM
H2S will flow into the S decomposition layer, and as a result, the MM decomposition layer and DMS decomposition layer will be inhibited by H2S, leading to a situation where the resolution decreases and processing efficiency deteriorates. .

It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior application, and to provide a biological deodorizing device that can sufficiently cope with sudden load changes and can deodorize stably and efficiently.

[Means for solving the problem] The biological deodorizing device of the present invention is a biological deodorizing device in which a plurality of packed beds carrying microorganisms for decomposing odor components are provided, and the gas to be treated is sequentially passed through each packed bed. The method is characterized in that a gas adsorption or cleaning device is provided on the gas flow upstream side of at least one packed bed.

[Operation] In the biological deodorizing device, the number of microorganisms that can decompose the odor component to be treated as a substrate and assimilate it increases, and deodorization is performed. Therefore, a certain amount of bacteria is required for a certain load. When the deodorizing treatment is performed well, this relationship is balanced. On the other hand, if a gas with a load greater than this "r balance" suddenly flows in, the existing amount of bacteria will not be able to handle it, and the bacteria will flow out of the system. Moreover, this condition will not be resolved until a sufficient amount of bacteria is produced to compensate for the increased load.

Therefore, when a high concentration of odor components enters in a peak, biodegradation alone cannot deal with the problem and leaks out.
This confuses the processing, and the deterioration of processing efficiency continues for some time.

In the biological deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, since a gas adsorption or cleaning device is provided upstream of the gas flow of the packed bed that decomposes odor components, it is possible to When the gas suddenly increases, the gas is treated physically and chemically using an adsorption or cleaning device to remove the above-mentioned peak-like overload, so that the load on the packed bed is always kept within a certain range. be able to. This physical/chemical treatment method using adsorption or cleaning equipment is
Since it is fast-acting, it can instantly treat odor components and eliminate peak overload.

This adsorption or cleaning device only needs to be operated when necessary, and the increase in running costs is minimal.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are schematic vertical sectional views showing an embodiment of the biological deodorizing device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of the cleaning device.

The biological deodorizing device of this embodiment has an odor gas supply pipe 1 at the bottom.
In a processing tower 3 equipped with a processing gas discharge pipe 2 at the upper part, packed beds 4, 5, and 6 are provided in three stages separated from each other in the vertical direction. A decomposition layer 5 and a DMS decomposition layer 6 are set.

That is, there are three grits (not shown) in the tower 3.
Tiered shelves are provided, on which are placed supporting members that allow ventilation and water permeability, such as perforated plates and mesh sheets, and filled layers 4, 5, and 6 are supported by beats thereon. Among these packed beds 4, 5, and 6, the packed bed (H2S decomposition layer) 4 contains activated sludge, and the packed bed (MM decomposition Fl) 5 contains activated sludge or D.
Activated sludge or DMSO culture bacteria are supported on the packed bed (DMS decomposition layer) 6.

Numerals 7, 8, and 9 are rotary tubes equipped with spray nozzles uniformly arranged to spray cleaning water onto each of the packed beds 4, 5, and 6.

Therefore, in the air supply pipe 1, there is a quantitative sensor 10 for odor control.
A bypass path including an adsorption or cleaning device 11 is formed downstream of the quantitative sensor 10. That is, there is a valve V on the downstream side of the sensor 10 in the air supply pipe 1.
I % V 2 is provided, and has valves v 3, v 4 and an adsorption or cleaning device 11, which connect the piping between this valve V and the sensor 10, and the piping between the valve v 2 and the treatment tower 3 population. Bypass piping 12 is provided.

To deodorize odor gas using such a biological deodorizing device, close valves 3 and v4, and close valve V I %.
V 2 is opened and the odor gas is first introduced into the treatment tower 3 through the air supply pipe 1 . Odor gas is packed bed (H2S decomposition bed)
4, it is treated with activated sludge and the contained H2S is oxidized and decomposed. Next, in the process of passing through a packed bed (MM decomposition layer) 5, it is treated with activated sludge or DMSO cultured bacteria, and the contained MM is oxidized and decomposed.

Furthermore, during the process of passing through the packed bed (DMS decomposition layer) 6, the DMS still contained is oxidized and decomposed by the DMSO culture bacteria. Additionally, if methyl disulfide is present in the odor gas, it is also oxidized and decomposed in the DMS decomposition layer. When the sensor 10 detects a change in the concentration of the odor component of the odor gas, the valves V I and V 2 are closed, and the valve V
2, with V 4 open, or with these valves V,
~ ■ By adjusting 4, at least a part of the supplied odor gas is fed to the bypass piping 12, treated with an adsorption or cleaning device, and then fed to the treatment tower 3, where it is similarly treated with H2S, MM
, DMS decomposition processing. When the concentration of the odor components of the odor gas returns to the normal concentration, the valves V I and V
2 is opened, valves V3 and V4 are closed, and odor gas is directly supplied to the treatment tower 3.

In the biological deodorizing device shown in FIG. 1, it is advantageous to provide a controller that controls the opening and closing of the valves Vl to v4 and the operation of the adsorption or cleaning device based on the detected values of the sensor 10 to perform automatic control. .

The biological deodorization apparatus shown in FIG. 2 includes three gas treatment towers 15A, 15B, and 15C connected in series. Each of the processing towers 15A, 15B, and 15C is provided with a supply pipe 21A, 21B, and 21C for the gas to be processed at the bottom, and a discharge pipe 22A, 22B, and 22C for the processing gas at the top.

Further, inside each of them, there are packed layers 13A, 13B carrying microorganisms that decompose odor components in the odor gas to be vented.
13C is provided, and each filling layer 13A, 13B,
A water sprinkling pipe (not shown) for spraying washing water to 13C is provided above each of the packed beds 13A to 13C. 23, 24
is a connecting pipe that communicates each exhaust pipe with the air supply pipe.

In this embodiment, the treatment towers 15A to 15C are, from the upstream side, an H2S decomposition tower, a MM decomposition tower, and a DMS decomposition tower, respectively.

That is, the packed beds 13A to 13C of each treatment tower 15A to 15C
is filled with beets, and the packed bed 1 of the treatment tower 15A is filled with beets.
3A carries activated sludge, and the packed bed 1 of the treatment tower 15B
Activated sludge or activated sludge is added to 3B depending on the load amount.
O cultured bacteria are supported.

In addition, activated sludge or D
MSO culture bacteria are supported.

Although not shown, each treatment tower 15A to 15C
Separately from the water sprinkler pipe, a supply pipe for adding DMSO cultured bacteria or activated sludge is provided in the upper part of each packed bed 13A to 13C. The structure is such that DMSO cultured bacteria or activated sludge can be added depending on the conditions.

The connecting pipes 23 and 24 are each equipped with an adsorption or cleaning device 1.
Bypass piping 25, 26 comprising 6, 17 is provided, and is configured such that at least a part of the gas passing through the connecting piping 23, 24 is treated with adsorption or cleaning devices 16, 17 as necessary. There is. That is, the connecting pipe 23 is provided with valves V 5 and V 6, and the pipe between this valve 5 and the discharge pipe 22A, and the valve V6 and the air supply pipe 21
A bypass pipe 25 having valves v7, 18 and an adsorption or cleaning device 16 is provided to communicate the pipe with B. Similarly, the connecting pipe 24 has a valve ■Q,
A valve VII. A bypass line 26 with a V 12 and an adsorption or cleaning device 17 is provided.

In order to deodorize odor gas using such a biological deodorizing device, first, valves v5, ■6, V 11 , V
Ill open, valves V7, Vs, Vu*VI
2 is closed, and odor gas is introduced into the H2S decomposition tower 15A from the air supply pipe 21A. The odor gas is treated with activated sludge in the process of passing through the packed bed 13A of the H2S decomposition tower 15A, and the H2S contained therein is oxidized and decomposed. The treated gas from the H2S decomposition tower 15A is discharged from the discharge pipe 22A, introduced into the MM decomposition tower 15B through the connection pipe 23 and the air supply pipe 21B, and is converted into activated sludge or DMSO in the process of passing through the packed bed 13B.
It is treated with cultured bacteria to oxidize and decompose the contained MM. The treated gas from the MM decomposition tower 15B is discharged from the discharge pipe 22B, introduced into the DMS decomposition tower 15C through the connection pipe 24 and the air supply pipe 21C, and is treated with DMSO cultured bacteria in the process of passing through the packed bed 13C. Contained D
MS is oxidized and decomposed.

In this way, the deodorized gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 22C.
is discharged out of the system.

When the concentration of the odor components of the odor gas changes, depending on the change, close the valves V5 and V6, open the valves V7 and vδ, or adjust these valves v5 to v8. , at least a part of the gas passing through the connection pipe 23 is fed to the bypass pipe 25, treated by the adsorption or cleaning device 16, and then fed to the MM decomposition column 15B.

and/or ■ Close valves V Q, V 10, valves Vll, V
12 open or these valves v9~V
12, at least a portion of the gas passing through the connection pipe 24 is sent to the bypass pipe 26, treated by the adsorption or cleaning device 17, and then sent to the DMS decomposition column 15C.

Processed by That is, it is not preferable for H2S to flow into the MM decomposition tower 15B5 and the DMS decomposition tower 15C;
It is necessary to prevent the influx of 2S as much as possible. Furthermore, since it is not preferable for MM to flow into the DMS decomposition column 15C,
It is necessary to prevent the inflow of Therefore, in this embodiment, if H2S remains in the process gas of the H2S decomposition tower 15A, it is removed by the adsorption or cleaning device 16,
Further, if MM remains in the treated gas of the MM decomposition tower 15B, it is removed by the adsorption or cleaning device 17.

When the odor component concentration of each processing gas returns to the normal range, the opening and closing of valves v5 to vI2 are returned to their initial values and normal processing is performed.

Also in the biological deodorizing device of this embodiment, the air supply pipes 21A, 2
A quantitative sensor for odor components is installed in 1B, 21C or the discharge pipe 22A, 122B, etc., and based on the detected value of this sensor,
It is advantageous to open and close valves V5 to V12 automatically. In the present invention, an activated carbon adsorption device or the like can be used as the adsorption device. Furthermore, various chemical cleaning devices can be used as the cleaning device. It goes without saying that such a device is not limited to one that uses only one of them, and that both an adsorption device and a cleaning device may be provided.

The biological deodorizing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example unless it exceeds the gist thereof. For example, the packed bed or treatment tower is not limited to three stages, but is also two-stage, four-stage, etc.
A stage or a plurality of stages of five or more stages may be formed. Further, the carrier is not limited to beets, and activated carbon, fine gravel, etc. can also be used.

However, at least three stages of packed beds or treatment towers are provided, and the H2S decomposition layer (or decomposition tower), MM decomposition bed (or decomposition tower), and DMS decomposition bed (decomposition tower) are formed independently from the upstream side in this order. It is preferable to do so. By doing this, (1) Packed beds (or treatment towers) that decompose each odor component in the order according to their ease of decomposition are arranged in series, so there is almost no acclimatization period;
It is possible to carry out stable deodorization treatment at an early stage, and the start-up period of the device can be significantly shortened.

■ Each filling N (or treatment tower) depending on the odor gas to be decomposed.
Since it is possible to manage the operation of the system, it is possible to take more appropriate measures to respond to sudden load fluctuations.

(2) Since microorganisms can be selected for each packed bed (or treatment tower), the amount of DMSO cultured bacteria used can be minimized, and processing costs can be reduced.

Effects such as these are produced.

Furthermore, the installation position of the adsorption or cleaning device may be determined as appropriate depending on the type of gas to be treated, the fluctuation range of its odor components, etc., and is not limited to the position shown in the drawings. This adsorption or cleaning device does not necessarily need to be installed with a bypass path; for example, if it is a cleaning device,
As shown in FIG. 3, piping 30 that guides the gas to be treated to the packed bed
A cleaning nozzle 31 may be provided at an appropriate position to spray the cleaning liquid only when necessary.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, according to the biological deodorizing device of the present invention, the gas to be treated can be physically and chemically treated by the adsorption or cleaning device, so even in the case of sudden load fluctuations, the biological deodorization device of the present invention can , it is possible to reduce the load and prevent excessive load from being applied to the biological treatment layer of the packed bed. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly, stably, and efficiently deodorize even odorous gases whose concentration changes drastically.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views showing one embodiment of the biological deodorizing device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the cleaning device. 1... Air supply pipe, 2... Discharge pipe, 3... Treatment tower, 4... Packed bed (H2s decomposition layer),
5... Packed bed (MM decomposition layer), 6... Packed bed (DMS decomposition layer), 10... Sensor 15A... Treatment column (H2S decomposition column), 15B... Treatment column (MM decomposition column) column), 15C... treatment column (DMS decomposition column), 1 1 1 6. 1 7...Adsorption or cleaning device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a biological deodorizing device in which a plurality of packed beds carrying microorganisms for decomposing odor components are provided, and the gas to be treated is sequentially passed through each packed bed, a gas is placed on the gas flow upstream side of at least one packed bed. A biological deodorizing device characterized by being equipped with an adsorption or cleaning device.