JPH03157289A - Submarine boat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a submarine boat using no high strength material by a method wherein a central hull body an internal pressure in which is held approximately at an atmospheric pressure and one or more hull bodies held at a high pressure higher than an atmospheric pressure are provided, and a water pressure during submerging is shared and supported in association of a plurality of the hull bodies with each other. CONSTITUTION:The outside of a spherical central hull body 1 is surrounded in a displaying position with spherical outer hull bodies 2 and 3, and hatches 7-9 having see-through windows 4 and 6 are built to the hull bodies 1-3, respectively. The hull body 2 is placed through the opening part of the hatch 9 of the outer-most hull body 3, and the central hull body 1 is placed through the opening part of the hatch 8 of the hull body 2. An internal pressure in the central hull body 1 is adjusted to an atmospheric pressure, internal pressures in the hull bodies 2 and 3 with which the central hull body is surrounded are respectively held at a high pressure higher than an atmospheric pressure during submerging. Devices, e.g. motor-operated pumps 10 and 11 necessary to the generation of a pressure, pressure sensors 12 and 13, high pressure tanks 14 and 15, and batteries 16 and 17, are contained in the hull bodies 2 and 3, respectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to improvement of a submersible used for underwater exploration, sightseeing, etc.

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention makes it possible to construct a submersible that has a simple configuration and can withstand large water pressure using inexpensive materials.

[Background Art] Recently, research and development of submersibles for the purpose of exploring creatures living in the deep sea and exploring the seabed has been actively progressing.

Research and development is also underway on submersibles for underwater excursions as a form of marine leisure.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The most important issue in the construction of a submersible that dives deep into the sea is the strength of the hull to withstand large water pressure.

For this reason, when building a submersible, the construction cost is enormous, as thick structural materials are used depending on the diving depth, and high-strength materials such as titanium alloys are used.

[Purpose of the Invention] The main object of the present invention is to provide a submersible that can be constructed with a hull strong enough to withstand large water pressure without increasing the thickness of structural materials or using expensive high-strength materials. It is.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a central shell whose internal pressure is maintained at approximately atmospheric pressure, and one or more shells sequentially surrounding the outside of this central shell. The shells constitute the main part of the hull, and the shells that sequentially surround the central shell are equipped with a pressure generator for maintaining the internal pressure at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure. The structure is equipped with hatches for the entry and exit of personnel and equipment, and see-through windows through which the outside can be seen from the central shell through the enclosing shell. The above-mentioned problems are solved by a configuration in which blocks occupy most of the space.

[Function] In the submersible with the above configuration, by maintaining the internal pressure of the shell surrounding the central shell at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, the water pressure during diving is shared by the joint action of multiple shells. It is supported by

[Embodiment] FIGS. 1 to 7 show an embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawings, 1 is a spherical central shell; 2 and 3 are spherical outer shells that surround the central shell at eccentric positions;
Each is made of a metal material with a required thickness.

In said shell 1, 2.3 there is a hatch 7.8.9 with a see-through window 4, 5.6;
．． The outside can be seen through the shell 6, and the shell 2 can be inserted through the opening of the hatch 9 of the outermost shell, and the central shell 1 can be inserted through the opening of the hatch 8 of the shell 2. Workers and equipment can enter and exit through these hatch openings. The hatch opening of each shell is sealed by watertight means well known in the art.

The internal pressure of the central shell 1 is set to atmospheric pressure, and the internal pressure of each of the shells 2 and 3 surrounding it is maintained at a high pressure higher than atmospheric pressure during diving. , equipment necessary for generating pressure such as electric pumps 10, 11, pressure sensors 12, 13, high pressure tanks 14, 15, batteries 16, 17, etc. are provided.

Among the transparent windows 4, 5.6, a light emitting element 18 indicating the internal pressure of the shell 2 is installed with a scale within a center angle of 120 degrees on the outside of the transparent window 4, and an electric pump 10 of the shell 2 is installed. a light receiving element 19a for sending signals of forward rotation, reverse rotation, and off;
19b and 19c are provided, and similarly, on the outside of the transparent window 5, a light emitting element 20 indicating the internal pressure of the shell body 3 is provided along with a scale 12.
The electric pump 1 of the shell body 3 is installed within a central angle of 0 degrees.
Light receiving element 21 for sending signals of forward rotation, reverse rotation, and off to 1
a, 21b, and 21c, and furthermore, a light emitting element 22 is provided outside the transparent window 6 to indicate the water pressure applied to the outside of the shell 3.
is installed along with a scale within a central angle of 120 degrees, and light receiving elements 23a, 23b, and 23c are provided for sending forward rotation, reverse rotation, and off signals to a diving pump of a submersible, which will be described later.

The pressure sensors 12, 13 use the principle of a conventional Bourdon tube pressure gauge. That is, Figures 4 to 6
As shown in the figure, a fixed disk 25 is made to face a rotating disk 24 that is interlocked with the Bourdon tube.

A light source member 26 such as a light bulb or a light emitting element is provided at the center of the fixed disk 25, and a large number of light receiving elements 27 are provided at the circumference, and the rotating disk 24 has one end facing the central light source member 26, A glass fiber material 28 whose other end faces the circumferential light receiving element 27 is provided, and the circumferential light receiving element 27 is connected to the light emitting elements 18, 20 .
22 through amplifiers (not shown).

In the pressure sensor 12.13, the central light source member 26 is placed on the side of the fixed disk 25, and when the rotating disk 24 rotates in either the forward or reverse direction in response to pressure changes,
Depending on the angle of rotation, the glass fiber 28 is opposed to one of the light receiving elements 27 arranged in the circumferential direction, so that the signal received by the opposing light receiving element 27 is transmitted via an amplifier (not shown) to the one described above. Light emitting element 18 on the transparent window side
It is sent to ゜20.22 and is turned on.

Note that a sensor for the water pressure applied to the outside of the shell 3 is installed at a suitable location outside the shell 3, and is connected to the light receiving element 22 outside the transparent window 6 using the same means as described above. .

The internal pressure of the shell 2 and the shell 3 are controlled from inside the shell 1 by light receiving elements 19a and 19b.

19c and the light receiving elements 21a, 21b, 21c with a beam of light.

FIG. 7 shows the control means. In FIG. 7, 29 is an amplifier. For example, when controlling the internal pressure of the shell 2, a light source member such as a ray gun is used to irradiate light from inside the viewing window 4 to the light receiving elements 19a, 19b, and 19c installed outside thereof. . That is, when the light receiving element 19a is irradiated with light, the internal pressure is increased by the forward rotation of the pump 10, when the light ray is irradiated onto the light receiving element 19b, the internal pressure is lowered by the reverse rotation of the pump 1o, and when the light ray is irradiated onto the light receiving element 19c, the internal pressure is increased by the forward rotation of the pump 10. If it is stopped, it will be stopped.

When controlling the internal pressure of the shell 3, the light receiving elements 21a and 21 installed from the inside of the transparent window 4 to the outside of the transparent window 5 are used.
b, 21c, and the explanation thereof will be omitted since it is the same as above.

a light receiving element 23a installed outside the transparent window 6;
23b and 23c control the diving pump shown in FIG. In the figure, 30 is a spherical outer shell surrounding the shell 3, 31 is a high pressure tank, 32 is a pump,
33 is a wire suspended from the mother ship. There is a seawater inlet/outlet opening 30a at the bottom of the spherical outer shell 30, and the pump 3? .

The internal pressure of the outer shell 30 is adjusted by normal rotation and operation, and the outer shell 30
The hull of the shell 1.2.3 containing the can be submerged to a desired depth. The outer shell 30 includes the surrounding shell 3
A similar see-through window (not shown) is provided in a portion opposite to the see-through window, and is connected and held to the surrounding shell 3 by suitable means.

In the submersible constructed as described above, water pressure during diving is shared and supported by the joint action of the plurality of shells 1, 2.3. For example, at a depth of 500m, the water pressure is 50kgf/
cd, the internal pressure of shell 3 is 30 kgf/J, and the internal pressure of shell 2 is l Okgf/d, then shell 3
, 2 and the materials used both have a differential pressure of 20 kgf.
/aJ of water pressure, and the center shell body 1 can be designed to withstand a water pressure of 10 kgf/al. Therefore, they can be made of ordinary steel plate material,
Furthermore, the main parts of the hull can be constructed using thinner materials.

In the above embodiments, the shell has a spherical shape which is most advantageous from a structural and mechanical point of view, but the shell is not particularly limited to this. Further, the transparent window may be provided in a shell portion other than the hatch.

Furthermore, although the above-mentioned embodiment shows an example in which the submersible is suspended from a mother ship, it can also be constructed as a self-propelled type.

What is shown in FIG. 8 is another embodiment of the present invention,
Members that are the same as or similar to those described above are given the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, most of the space inside each of the outer shell bodies 2 and 3, which maintain the internal pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, of the fi bodies 1 and 2. The structure is such that the internal pressure generated within the shell acts on the shell in the small space occupied by the block 34 and left between the block and the shell.

The block 34 for occupying the space of the shells 2 and 3 is required to have sufficient strength to withstand high pressure and be lightweight, and is made of, for example, aluminum or hard plastic material. , as shown in the figure, is preferably formed into a hollow box shape. In addition, as a means to leave a small space between the block and the shell, a convex part (not shown) is provided on the block surface or the inner surface of the shell, and by the interposition of the convex part, a space is left. It is easy to do.

As described above, according to the configuration in which a small space necessary for internal pressure is left on the inner surface of the shells 2 and 3, and most of the space is occupied by the block 34, the volume inside the shell is significantly reduced. Therefore, not only can the load on the electric pump required to raise the internal pressure to a predetermined pressure be reduced and battery power can be saved, but also the predetermined pressure can be obtained in a short time. Furthermore, even in the event of water intrusion into the shell, the blocks function as floats, so the safety of the submersible can be ensured.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, one or more shells are sequentially surrounded on the outside of a central shell whose internal pressure is maintained at approximately atmospheric pressure, and the surrounding shells are The internal pressure of the shell is maintained at a high pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, and the water pressure during diving is controlled by the joint action of multiple shells.
Since it is configured to share the support, the hull of the submersible can be constructed using ordinary steel plate material and thin material, without using expensive high-strength materials.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a submersible showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the main parts of the hull, Fig. 3 is an enlarged front view of the transparent window, and Fig. 4 is a pressure A vertical cross-sectional view of the sensor, Figure 5 is a rear view of the rotating disk, Figure 6 is a front view of the fixed disk, and Figure 7 is a front view of the fixed disk.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the pressure generating device. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part of the hull of a submarine showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1.2.3... Shell body, 4,5.6...
......See-through window, 7,8.9...Hatch, 10,11......Electric pump, 12
．． 13......Pressure sensor, 14°15...
・・・・・・High pressure tank, 16.17・・・・・・
...Battery 18...Light emitting element, 1
9a, 19b. 19c...... Light receiving element, 20...
...Light emitting element. 21a, 21b, 21c... Light receiving element,
22......Light emitting element, 23a, 23b, 2
3c...... Light receiving element, 24...
...Rotating disk, 25...Fixed disk, 26
......Light source member, 27...
Light receiving element, 28...Glass fiber material, 29...Amplifier, 30...
...Outer shell, 31...High pressure tank, 3
2---------Pump, 33 Old...Wire, 34...Block.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The main part of the hull is composed of a central shell whose internal pressure is maintained at approximately atmospheric pressure, and one or more shells that sequentially surround the outside of this central shell, and The enclosing shell is equipped with a pressure generating device for maintaining its internal pressure at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, and each of the shells has a hatch and a means for viewing the outside from the central shell through the enclosing shell. A submersible characterized by being equipped with transparent windows. (2) The main part of the hull is composed of a central shell whose internal pressure is maintained at approximately atmospheric pressure, and one or more shells sequentially surrounding the outside of this central shell, and The enclosing shell is equipped with a pressure generating device for maintaining its internal pressure at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, and each of the shells has a hatch and a means for viewing the outside from the central shell through the enclosing shell. 1. A submersible vessel, characterized in that a block is provided in a shell body surrounding the outside of the central shell body and that occupies most of the space inside the shell body.