JPH03155715A - Device of calculating maturation period of rice - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title to indicate harvesting time or maturation period especially of rice plant by comparing the accumulated temperature of average atmospheric temperature at 24 hour intervals of temperature with a set point and showing difference thereof. CONSTITUTION:A temperature sensor 11 and a ten key 6 are connected to a calculating control part 16 and average atmospheric temperature at 24 hour intervals of temperature by the temperature sensor 11 and the accumulated temperature thereof are calculated at the calculating control part 16. In a memory part 12, the accumulated temperature and the set point thereof are memorized, the accumulated temperature is compared with the set point in a comparison part 13 and difference between the accumulated temperature and the set point is visibly indicated in a display part 14.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] Concerning a device for calculating the ripening stage during the growing period of rice.

[Conventional technology]

The harvest time of grains, especially rice, is determined by observing the ripening stage of the ears. The period when the depletion is 80% to 90% or more of the total number of grains is called the maturity stage.

This maturity period cannot be simply calculated based on the sowing period, as the heading period varies depending on the rice variety, sowing period, temperature, day length, etc., and it cannot be calculated simply based on the sowing period. It is also greatly influenced by time etc.

Therefore, the decision on when to harvest rice often relies on the long experience of rice producers, and if the harvest time is missed, over-mature grains often become damaged grains. Furthermore, if the harvest time is delayed, the moisture content of brown rice will decrease, as well as the quality and taste of brown rice will deteriorate.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Therefore, the technical object of the present invention is to provide a calculation device for calculating the ripening stage of rice, which can determine the harvesting stage or maturing stage of grains, especially rice, without relying on experience.

[Means to solve the problem]

a detection unit consisting of a temperature sensor for measuring air temperature; a calculation control unit that calculates the average temperature for every 24 hours obtained from the temperature sensor and the cumulative temperature of the average temperature; and a calculation control unit that calculates the cumulative temperature and the cumulative temperature obtained by calculation. It consists of a storage section that stores an arbitrary target value of the integrated temperature, a comparison section that compares the integrated temperature and the target value and outputs the temperature difference from the target value, and a display section that visually displays the obtained value. The display section divides the temperature difference obtained by comparing the cumulative temperature and the target value by a predetermined reference average temperature, and displays the obtained value. In addition, the integrated temperature is a means for solving the previous problem by storing a lower limit value of the average temperature in the storage unit, and not integrating it when the average temperature obtained every 24 hours by the calculation unit is lower than the lower limit value. did.

C action] It has been revealed that the heading period and ripening period of rice are related to the cumulative temperature from the sowing period of rice.

First, the integrated temperature will be explained. -day i.e. 24
Temperatures that change over time are averaged as the daily average temperature, and the average temperature is added to obtain m true temperature, which is expressed by the following equation.

(Average daily temperature) x number of days ['C] Average temperature is the value obtained by adding the temperatures obtained from several measurements during a 24-hour period and dividing it by the number of measurements, or the maximum and minimum temperatures during the 24-hour period. A value such as the average temperature is used.

Now, the cumulative temperature from the rice sowing period is about 3000℃ to 40℃.
It has been revealed that the ripening stage is reached when the temperature reaches 00°C, and the ripening stage is reached when the cumulative temperature from the heading stage reaches about 1000°C.

The wide range in cumulative temperature is due to differences in sowing period, region, and latitude for the same rice variety, and is due to the relationship between the growth-related characteristics of each variety and the day length and average temperature of the sowing region. It is due to interaction. However, the relationship between regional rice and integrated temperature for each rice variety is established in the region where it is sown.

Therefore, the present invention measures and integrates the above-mentioned average temperature, sets the integrated temperature required for each variety of rice to ripen as a target value, and
It informs rice producers of the optimal harvest time by displaying the temperature difference from the target value or the value obtained by dividing the temperature difference by the standard average temperature (number of days until maturity).

The reference average temperature mentioned above is an average temperature that serves as a standard for the average temperature throughout the year, the average temperature for one month during the appropriate harvest period, or the average temperature for several days near the appropriate harvest period,
It is different from just the average daily temperature.

Further, the action will be explained in detail. The 24-hour average temperature obtained from the temperature sensor of the detection unit is
The calculation section calculates the average temperature of the maximum temperature and minimum temperature for each hour and the integrated temperature obtained by integrating the average temperatures. The cumulative temperature calculated by the calculation unit is stored in the storage unit. The storage unit also stores a target value of the cumulative temperature necessary for the rice to reach the ripening stage or a target value of the cumulative temperature necessary for the rice to reach the harvest time.

The integrated temperature obtained by the calculation is compared with the target value in the comparison section, and the temperature difference is displayed on the display section (7) to inform the producer how much integrated temperature is required until the ripening or harvesting time. Can be done.

In addition, the value obtained by dividing this temperature difference by the predetermined standard average temperature is the average temperature near the ripening stage or the appropriate harvest time, so the value obtained by dividing this temperature difference by the predetermined standard average temperature is used to calculate the number of days until the optimal harvest period. You can easily know the appropriate time by the number of days rather than the cumulative temperature.

Next, there is a temperature above a certain level that is related to the emergence or ripening of rice; for example, if the lower limit is 10℃ or higher, then days with an average temperature of less than 10℃ will not be related to the growth of rice. . Therefore, in the present invention, when the measured/calculated average temperature is below the lower limit value, the value is not added to the integrated temperature.

By the way, it is also conceivable to use the average temperature obtained from a temperature sensor to set the reference average temperature. In this case, it is also possible to store the average value of the latest few days of average temperature in the storage unit as the reference average temperature, and rewrite the reference average temperature every 24 hours. It is also possible to respond to
Although the display shows the temperature difference between the cumulative temperature and the target value, or the value obtained by dividing the temperature difference by the reference average temperature, it also shows the cumulative temperature, the average temperature of the day, and the outside air temperature obtained from the temperature sensor. It is also easy to make it possible to switch between displaying the following information each time.

Furthermore, the sensor in the detection section is a temperature sensor and is not particularly limited, but it goes without saying that under optimal conditions, a 10-leaf box type sensor is preferable where it is installed in a position that is not exposed to direct sunlight. The optimum detection position is within or near the field. However, it is also possible to install it in a house. In this way, if the measurement location is located far from the producer's house, it may be possible to communicate the detection sensor wirelessly.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Reference numeral 1 shown in FIG. 1 indicates a maturity stage calculation device of the present invention.

The maturity stage calculation device (hereinafter referred to as the device) 1 includes a power switch 3, a display section 2 that displays numerical values or characters, a changeover switch 4 that changes the display, and a group of numeric keys 6 for setting and inputting the target value of cumulative temperature, etc. It is composed of a setting switch 5 for switching to various settings such as a target value of cumulative temperature and a lower limit value of average temperature, and also includes a temperature sensor 7.

The temperature sensor 7 may be provided so as to be extendable by a lead wire 10 as shown in FIG. 1(A), or may be provided directly as shown in FIG. 1(B).
), the temperature sensor 7 may be installed in a transmitting device 8 at a remote location, and a receiving device 9 may also be provided in the other device for communication.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the embodiment. Arithmetic control unit 1
6 is a large capacity storage element centered around the CPU 17 (hereinafter referred to as R
The calculation control unit 16 includes a changeover switch 4, a setting switch 5, a temperature sensor 11 via an I10 board (not shown), and a numeric keypad 6 for inputting various values. and the display unit 14 are connected. In addition, there is a storage section (
(hereinafter referred to as RAM) 12 and a comparison section 13 for comparing with a target value.

The operation will be explained based on the above configuration. The device is controlled by a control program built into ROM 18. In addition, the value corresponding to the product type, such as the target value of integrated temperature, etc., is prepared in advance by RA.
Although it may be incorporated into the M12, here we will initialize it using the numeric keypad 6.

First, the setting switch 5 is used to switch to the target value of the integrated temperature, and the numeric keypad 6 is used to input a known target value determined by the variety and its sowing area.

A plurality of types of target values may be input, and in addition to the target value, the setting switch 5 may be switched to set a number of degrees Celsius before the target value or a number of degrees Celsius after the target value. Also,
Displaying the display interval every day or every week,
Furthermore, it is also possible to start displaying several degrees Celsius before the target value. In the embodiment, the display can be arbitrarily displayed using the display changeover switch 4.

Here, we will mainly explain the cumulative temperature. Either input the standard average temperature into the RAM 12 in advance, or switch the setting switch 5 and input the known standard average temperature from the numeric keypad 6, and use this standard average temperature to calculate the cumulative temperature. The number of days before the target value or the number of days after the target value may be determined based on the number of days obtained by dividing the difference from the target value.

Next, the setting switch 5 is switched to input the lower limit value of the average temperature, and the input value is inputted using the numeric keypad 6.

This completes the initial setting of the target value, lower limit value, and, depending on the case, the reference average temperature.

The calculation control unit 16 reads the temperature data detected by the temperature sensor 4 at regular intervals and stores it in the RAMI 2. Next, when reading the temperature data for 24 hours, the calculation control unit 16
calculates the daily average temperature from 24 hours of temperature data, and compares this average temperature with the lower limit value of the RAM 12.
If the temperature exceeds the lower limit, the integrated temperature is stored in the RAM 12 as an integrated temperature, and the integrated temperature and the target value of the RAMI 2 are compared in the comparison section 13 and the temperature difference is sent to the display section 14.

At this time, it is preferable to store the temperature difference in the RAM 12 and rewrite it when the next data is calculated. In this way, the data every 24 hours is calculated as the average temperature,
The integrated temperature and temperature difference are calculated and stored or displayed.

When the cumulative temperature reaches the target, it is preferable to take measures such as flashing a display, lighting a lamp (not shown), or making a sound.

The producer only has to set the device 1 during the sowing period or heading period and input the known target value of the integrated temperature. In order to make it an energy-saving type, as mentioned above, the display section 14 is replaced with the changeover switch 4.
It is best to display it by pressing the button. Furthermore, by switching this changeover switch 4, the temperature difference between the cumulative temperature and the target value,
It is also possible to display the cumulative temperature, the latest temperature, the latest average temperature, or the set target value, and to rewrite the initial settings such as the target value, lower limit value, and in some cases, the standard average temperature. It leads to fulfillment.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention allows producers to recognize the maturity stage of rice and to know the appropriate time for harvesting without relying on experience, using a known cumulative temperature determined by the rice variety and sowing area. At the same time, it has become possible to prevent the deterioration in the taste of rice due to over-ripening. Furthermore, it has a great effect on preventing deterioration in rice quality caused by lack of experience due to generational changes among farmers, especially part-time farmers.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a rice ripening period calculation device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 (A) is a diagram in which the temperature sensor is extendable;
Figure 1 (B) is a diagram of the integrated temperature sensor;
Figure (C) is a diagram in which the temperature sensor and the device are connected wirelessly, and Figure 2 is a block diagram of the embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Maturity stage calculation device, 2... Display unit, 3... Power switch, 4... Display changeover switch, 5... Setting switch, 6... Numeric keypad group, 7 temperature sensor 8・
... Transmitting device, 9... Receiving device, 1o... Lead wire, 11... Detecting section, 12... Storage section (RAM),
l 3... Comparison section, 14... Display section, 16... Arithmetic section, 17... CPU, 18... ROM0

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A detection unit consisting of a temperature sensor for measuring air temperature, an arithmetic control unit that calculates the average temperature every 24 hours of the air temperature obtained from the temperature sensor and an integrated temperature of the average air temperature, and a calculation control unit that calculates the temperature obtained by calculation. a storage unit that stores the cumulative temperature and an arbitrary target value of the cumulative temperature; a comparison unit that compares the cumulative temperature with the target value and outputs a temperature difference from the target value; and a display unit that visually displays the obtained value. A rice ripening period calculation device comprising: (2) The rice ripening period calculation device according to claim (1), wherein the temperature difference obtained by comparing the cumulative temperature and the target value is divided by a predetermined standard average temperature, A rice ripening period calculation device characterized by displaying a value. (3) The rice maturity period calculation device according to claim (1) or (2), wherein the lower limit of average temperature is stored in the storage unit;
A rice ripening period calculation device characterized in that when the average temperature obtained every 24 hours by the calculation unit is lower than the lower limit value, no integration is performed.