JPH03155590A - Constellation display panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain light variation different at every fixed star which associates the twinkle of an actual fixed star by stacking a light shielding plate forming a light shielding part with a non-transmissive member at the upper or lower side of a constellation panel, and rotating the constellation panel at speed relatively different from that of the light shielding plate. CONSTITUTION:The constellation panel 2 formed with a transmissive member and displays a constellation by transmitting light with a back light 3 and the light shielding plate 7 stacked on the upper or lower side of the constellation panel 2 of transmissive member and forming the light shielding part with the non-transmissive member are rotated at speed relatively different from each other. Therefore, the light shielding part and the non-light shielding part of the light shielding plate 7 pass on the upper or lower side of the fixed state plotted on the constellation panel 2 alternately by the relative rotation of the constellation panel 2 of transmissive member and the light shielding plate 7, and light quantity passing the fixed star can be changed individually with the back light 3. Thereby, the effect of the twinkle of the fixed star can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a constellation display panel that forms constellations using a filtering member and displays the constellations by transmitting light using a backlight.

[Conventional technology]

To add sparkle to the night sky (in order to more beautifully reproduce the beauty of the constellations, backlit constellation display boards have been made in recent years that use translucent materials to form constellations instead of non-transparent materials). .

The conventional structure of a Bakulite type constellation display board using a constellation board in which constellations are formed using a transparent member is simply a light source provided at the rear of the constellation board.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

It is true that the stars forming the constellations in the above are brighter (and therefore much more beautiful) than in the constellation disk made of opaque material, but in reality the light from the stars seen with the naked eye from the ground is always twinkling. The reason is that the Earth's surface has an atmosphere with a refractive index, and the refractive index changes depending on the atmospheric pressure, temperature, amount of water vapor, etc., but these are not always constant, and the refractive index reaches the eye from the star. This is because the area of the human pupil is small enough to be easily affected by these fluctuations, so the area of the human pupil is small enough to be easily affected by these fluctuations. Unless you go into outer space or on a day when the airflow is stable, this twinkling will be very noticeable, and in extreme cases it will even appear as if it is blinking completely.It would be even better if the twinkling of the star above could be expressed. This allows us to get closer to the actual starry sky, but although it is possible to change the brightness of the entire constellation board at the same time using just a conventional constellation board made of translucent material, it is not possible to create different brightness changes for each individual star like in a real constellation. could not.

On the other hand, there is a type of constellation display board in which a transparent plate with linear azimuth and altitude lines is layered on top of a constellation board with stars etc. drawn on it to display the constellation arrangement at any given time, but the constellation board is opaque. It is a component and does not have a backlight structure, and there is no consideration given to the size between the diameter of the star on the constellation board and the width of the azimuth/altitude line on the transparent plate to effectively express the blinking, making it reminiscent of blinking. The level of brightness change was far from that which could cause the change in brightness.

In view of the above-mentioned viewpoints, an object of the present invention is to obtain a different light variation for each individual star, which is reminiscent of the twinkling of an actual star, by simply adding a simple configuration to a constellation board made of a transparent member, and to further provide the above-mentioned light variation. This provides a highly effective constellation display board.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the gist of the present invention is to provide a constellation board that forms constellations using a transparent member and displays the constellations by transmitting light using a backlight, and a constellation board that is laminated above or below the transparent member constellation board. The light shielding plate formed with a non-light-transmitting member is rotated at a relatively different speed, and the light shielding part is formed in a linear shape, and the minimum stellar diameter forming the constellation is rotated at a relatively different speed. It is characterized in that the ratio of the line width to the line width is 0.4 or more and less than 1.

[Effect]

According to the above configuration, due to the relative rotation of the constellation board made of a transparent member and the light-shielding plate, the light-shielding part and the non-light-shielding part of the light-shielding plate alternately pass above or below the star drawn on the constellation board, The backlight individually changes the amount of light passing through the star, producing the effect of a twinkling star, and the light shielding portion has a line width of 0.4 or more and less than 1 relative to the minimum star diameter. By using a linear shape with It is designed so that it can also serve as a direction/altitude line for information.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

1 is a sectional view of a main part of the constellation display board of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the constellation display board of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged plan view of FIG. 2.

1 is a constellation display board of the present invention. 2 is a constellation board in which constellations are formed by a transparent member, and on the constellation board 2 there is a star 2a.
A coating film 2b is applied to block the transmitted light from other parts, and the constellations are displayed by the transmitted light from the stars 2a. A light source 3 using a fluorescent lamp is placed below the constellation board 2. In this embodiment, a milky white acrylic plate is used for the constellation board 2 so that the surface brightness of the stars 2a becomes more uniform throughout the constellation board. Furthermore, a diffuser plate 4 made of a milky white acrylic plate is provided between the constellation board 2 and the light source 6, which reduces the surface brightness of the central part of the constellation board near the light source 6, and also reduces the surface brightness of the center part of the constellation board near the light source 6. It also has the function of diffusing light to the periphery of the constellation disk, where brightness tends to decrease. Further, 5 is a reflecting plate, which has the function of efficiently transmitting the light from the light source 3 to the constellation board 2, increasing the surface brightness of the constellation board, and suppressing the decrease in brightness at the outer periphery of the constellation board. Diffusion plate 4 and reflection plate 5
By using the constellation disk, not only can a more uniform and brighter constellation disk be obtained than when using only the light source B, but also the distance between the constellation disk 2 and the light source 3 can be set much shorter, and a thinner structure is also possible. A gear 2C is carved on the outer periphery of the disk 2, and the gear 2C meshes with a pinion 6b fixed to the rotating shaft 6a of the motor 60.The constellation disk 2 has a celestial sphere that can be seen at 35 degrees south latitude. are displayed, excluding the circumpolar stars at 35° north latitude (all of the celestial sphere is also included).
At the same time, the layout is such that the declinations of all points on concentric circles with the celestial south pole 2d as the middle flood point are all equal.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a light shielding plate laminated on the upper side of the constellation board 2. On the light shielding plate Z, an azimuth height line 71 formed of a non-transparent member in a linear shape is provided. The azimuth line 71a, the altitude line 71b, and the azimuth symbol 72 constituting the azimuth line 71 are configured so that the azimuth and altitude of the constellations at 35° south latitude and 35° north latitude can be read. 73 and 74 are the southern latitude 3 drawn on the shade plate Z, taking into account atmospheric differences, respectively.
5° horizon (outer boundary) and 35° north latitude horizon (
inner border).

Next, when the constellation board 2 is rotated according to Figure 3, the fixed star 2a
Explain how the brightness changes.

The rotational force of the motor 60 rotating shaft 6a is transmitted to the gear 2C of the constellation board 2 via the pinion 6b, so that the constellation board 2
rotates, and the small star 21 and the large star 22 each move on the trajectory of an arrow 23 indicating the direction of rotation of the constellation disk. The small star 21 is slightly hidden by the azimuth line 71a at the position 21a, so its brightness decreases slightly, and at the position 21b, where the center of the star and the center line of the azimuth line overlap, most of it is hidden and its brightness becomes minimum. . At the position 21c, the brightness is restored to approximately the same level as 21a, and at the position 21d, it returns to its original brightness. On the other hand, the brightness of the large star 22 changes through almost the same process, but the center of the star 22 and the altitude line 7
The proportion of the star hidden at position 22a, where the center lines of 1b overlap and the brightness is minimum, is smaller than that of star 21, which is small in area ratio to the entire star, so the change in brightness is small (visible, i.e. the star There is a close relationship between the ratio of the line width of the shading part to the diameter of the star and the degree of change in the brightness of the star, and it is clear that it is necessary to set the conditions in order to sufficiently obtain the above-mentioned light variation effect. We will perform a mathematical analysis to find the conditions under which the light variation effect can be fully expected.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of the line width W of the shielding part to the diameter of the star and the minimum light amount LI + IIN, where the brightness when the star is not shielded is LM! , and the relational expression is LMf if W/D = x,
= 1-(2(x m + sin -' x ) /
rr ) Te is expressed. Figure 5 shows the L M of Figure 4.
Converting I 11 to isoadsorption shows the maximum variable magnitude ΔMMA, there are 7, and the relational expression is ΔMMax = 2
．． It is expressed as 510g1oLs+xs. The brightness of a star is expressed by its magnitude, which is a geometric function, and a 1st magnitude star is defined as being 100 times brighter than a 6th magnitude star. That is, when the brightness increases by 5 magnitudes, the brightness becomes 100' = i 0.4 times as bright as when the magnitude increases by 1.1/100th of a magnitude. When measuring the magnitude of a variable star etc. using the surrounding comparative amount,
Even with visual observation, an experienced person can distinguish changes of 0.1 to 0.2 magnitude, but the average person is not paying attention and clearly notices changes in light (the brightness is more than twice as bright). Or, it changes to less than 1/2 in a relatively short time.The above variation corresponds to a magnitude of about 0.75, and in Figures 4 and 5, when W = 0.4D. On the other hand, when W becomes greater than or equal to D, a situation occurs in which stars are completely hidden by the shading area, which reduces the number of stars that should be displayed, resulting in poor appearance (not only does it result in poor visibility, but in extreme cases, the shading area If the width of the line also hides bright stars, the stellar patterns forming the constellations may be overlooked.

Therefore, in order for the variation to be clearly visible at a glance and for all the stars to not disappear, the line width W of the shading part must be 0.4 of the diameter of the faintest star, which is the smallest and most numerous among the stars. It is necessary that the brightness change time of the star is within a time range that can be discerned by the human eye. Within the range of the above conditions, the ratio of the line width of the shading part to the diameter of a bright star may be less than 0.4, but if you look at the brightness of the star on the constellation disk for a while, you can easily Notice the change in light (if the rotation speed of the constellation board is set so that it is within a few seconds and more than a few tenths of a second, which is the lower limit of the human eye's response time to change in light, the line width of the light shielding area is less than 0.4 times as bright as a bright star (even if bright stars are much brighter and easier to see than the faintest stars, the variation can often be clearly seen). The twinkling effect is sufficient if the star's variation can be confirmed.For reference, Figures 6 and 7 show that the star moves under the light-shielding part of the light-shielding plate as the constellation disk rotates. The relationship between the change in light amount and magnitude caused by movement is shown in graphs. Figure 6 shows the relationship between the change in light amount due to movement and the distance between the center of the star and the center line of the linear shading area, the diameter of the star, and the shading area. Figure 7 shows the relationship between the line width W of
The calculation formula for calculating the light amount and variable magnitude changes depending on the ratio of the line width W of the shielding part to the diameter of the star and the positional relationship, so please refer to the sixth
Although the calculation formulas in the figures and Fig. 7 have been omitted, it is clear from Fig. 7 that the magnitude change due to movement is such that the closer the value of W/D is to 1, the more rapid the change in light near the minimum and the magnitude of the change in light intensity. It can be seen that when W/D approaches 0, the change in light at the beginning of hiding and near the end of restoration is more rapid than near the minimum, and the time of change is longer. When comparing a bright star with a W/D close to 0 and a microstar with a W/D close to 1 at the maximum rate of variation, which is one indicator of the light effect,
It turns out that there is no significant difference when compared using minimal magnitudes, and it can be said that it is advantageous in determining the variation of bright stars, including the length of the variation time compared using minimal magnitudes.

The above describes a case in which the variable effect is particularly significant under the dimensional conditions of the diameter of the star and the line width of the shading portion, and the variable light may be discernible or the number of faint stars may be reduced to some extent. Furthermore, it is clear that a certain degree of light change effect can be confirmed even under various conditions such as a certain degree of light passing through the light shielding part leaking.

For reference, the conditions of an example of a full-scale prototype product that achieved the above-mentioned remarkable effects are shown below. The stellar center position distribution range of the constellation disk is φ422 mm in diameter, the total number of stars is 3223 @, the faintest star is 5.7 magnitude and φQ is 5 mm, and the width of the azimuth altitude line that is the light shielding part is 0.36 thick. Body, thin line width is 0
．． Using two types of 24 mm, set the declination + at the center of the celestial south pole.
Project the celestial sphere south of 55.57 degrees, and calculate the aperture area of the star by the ratio of its actual brightness, from the faintest star to the 1.5th magnitude star, on a stellar scale brighter than 1.5th magnitude at 0.1 magnitude intervals. When a constellation board with a layout reduced to 40% is rotated once in about 71 seconds, most of the stars on the constellation board appear to be flashing one after another across almost the entire surface, far exceeding the actual starry sky. It was beautiful and full of movement. In addition, the azimuth altitude line of the above prototype is not only at 35° south latitude where the entire celestial sphere can be seen, but also at 35° north latitude, which is on the opposite side of the earth from that point.
By also providing the Nigero azimuth altitude line, the remarkable effects of the present invention can be obtained over almost the entire surface of the constellation display board. The contents of the above constellation disk and light shielding plate are extremely complicated, so drawings are omitted, but the ratio of the line width of the azimuth altitude line to the diameter of the faintest star is 0.72 for the thick line and 0.72 for the thin line. is 0.48, and the total variation time when the faintest star passes through a meridian with a width of 0.36 mm at the outermost circumference of the constellation disk is approximately 0.48.
046 seconds, and the total variation time for the faintest star on the celestial equator to pass through the meridian is calculated to be about 0.074 seconds. All azimuth/altitude lines other than the meridian intersect at an angle of 90' or less with respect to the rotation direction of the constellation disk, and the total variation time is long (it is easier to confirm the status of variation). Both conditions are set within the conditions already described in detail under which the effects of the present invention are clearly exhibited.

In this example, only the constellation disk was rotated to create a rotation difference with the light shielding plate, but the same effect can be obtained by rotating only the light shielding plate or the constellation disk and the light shielding plate at different speeds. That is clear. Furthermore, when placing a light-shielding plate between the constellation plate and the light source, the same effect can be achieved by making the constellation plate transparent instead of milky white and placing a diffuser plate approximately the same size as the constellation plate between the light-shielding plate and the light source. It is clear that the effect can be obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the constellation display board of the present invention has a periodic structure in which the constellation board of the transparent member and the light-shielding plate are laminated and rotated relative to each other to illuminate with a backlight. By making the light-blocking part of the light-blocking plate linear and setting the ratio of the line width of the light-blocking part to the minimum stellar diameter directly within the range where the light variation effect is significant, the actual effect can be further improved. A beautiful constellation display board with movement of light similar to the image of a starry sky can be obtained.In addition, the linear light-shielding portion can also serve as a azimuth/altitude line for knowing the constellation arrangement. Since the area occupied by the shaded part of the azimuth altitude line is small, the proportion of time that each star is in a variable state is also small, and the comparison of luminosity at the diameter of the star is similar to that of a conventional backlit constellation display. With the constellation display board of the present invention, the commercial value of the backlit constellation display board can be greatly increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of the constellation display board of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the constellation display board of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged plan view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a view of the stars. Figure 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of the line width of the light-shielding part to the diameter and the minimum amount of light. FIGS. 6 and 7 are graphs showing changes in light amount and magnitude, respectively, when a star on a constellation disk moves under a light-shielding portion of a light-shielding plate. 1... Constellation display board, 2... Constellation board, 2a... Fixed star, 2b... Paint film, 2C... Gear, 3 ......Light source, 4...Diffusion plate, 5...Reflection plate, 6...Motor'6a...Rotation shaft, 6b... ...Pinion, 7...Shade plate, 21...Small star, 22...Large star, 71...Azimuth altitude line, 71a... ...Azimuth line, 71b...Altitude line. Fig. 4 hrPWlat receiver D-L4/I, light amount LMINW=O,
ZD W10 = Z χ15 and multi 6 Fig. Movement 1; Light amount changing from Fig. Fig.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a constellation display board that includes a constellation board in which constellations are formed by a transparent member and that displays constellations by transmitting light through the constellation board using a backlight, a non-transparent member is placed above or below the constellation board. The light shielding plates with the light shielding parts formed are laminated,
A constellation display board characterized in that the constellation board and the light shielding plate are rotated at relatively different speeds. (2) The light shielding portion is formed in a linear shape, and the ratio of the line width to the diameter of the minimum star forming the constellation of the constellation disk is 0.
The constellation display board according to claim 1, characterized in that the number is 4 or more and less than 1.