JPH03153593A - Azide gas generating composition - Google Patents
Azide gas generating compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03153593A JPH03153593A JP2093825A JP9382590A JPH03153593A JP H03153593 A JPH03153593 A JP H03153593A JP 2093825 A JP2093825 A JP 2093825A JP 9382590 A JP9382590 A JP 9382590A JP H03153593 A JPH03153593 A JP H03153593A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- oxidizing compound
- clay
- azide
- gas generating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 alkali metal azide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical group [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical group O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012243 magnesium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium superoxide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][O-] XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001963 alkali metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001485 alkali metal perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUXFWHMUNNXFHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium azide Chemical compound [Ba+2].[N-]=[N+]=[N-].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] UUXFWHMUNNXFHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- UETLMBWMVIQIGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium azide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[N-]=[N+]=[N-].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] UETLMBWMVIQIGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYTVLULEEPNWAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cesium;azide Chemical compound [Cs+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] AYTVLULEEPNWAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- NPEWZDADCAZMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Au] NPEWZDADCAZMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUWHRJQTTVADPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium azide Chemical compound [Li+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] GUWHRJQTTVADPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWRAJPCQPHBABR-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;diazide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[N-]=[N+]=[N-].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] TWRAJPCQPHBABR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004972 metal peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical class [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- TZLVRPLSVNESQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium azide Chemical compound [K+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] TZLVRPLSVNESQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDEROVFZLWBVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium;diazide Chemical compound [Sr+2].[N-]=[N+]=[N-].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PDEROVFZLWBVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B35/00—Compositions containing a metal azide
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、発火で多量の非毒性ガスを急に発生すること
ができる固体ベレット状の化学的ガス発生組成物に関す
る０本発明のガス発生組成物は、乗客乗り物のための受
動的拘束系（ｐａｓｓｉｖｅ ｒｅｓｔ−ｒａｉｎｔ
ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）の衝撃吸収安全バッグを膨ら丈せるのに
特に使用される。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a chemical gas generating composition in the form of a solid pellet that can rapidly generate a large amount of non-toxic gas upon ignition. The composition is suitable for use in passive rest-rain systems for passenger vehicles.
It is particularly used to inflate shock absorbing safety bags for systems.
乗り物が衝撃で潰れるような状況の時に、乗っている人
が受ける衝撃を和らげるためにガスで膨らませる防護用
バッグを使用することは、現在広く知られており、文書
にもよく記載されている。The use of gas-inflatable protective bags to cushion occupants in the event of a crushing vehicle is now widely known and well documented. .
この種の最初のころの系では、乗っている人と、風防ガ
ラス、ハンドル及び乗り物の計器盤との間に配置した衝
撃吸収バッグを膨らませるのに圧縮貯蔵ガスを用いてい
る０乗り物の急速な減速でガスが瞬間作動弁を通って放
出され、衝撃吸収バッグを膨らませる。貯蔵加圧ガス系
は、化学的ガス発生性火薬（ｐｙｒｏｔｅｅｈｉｃｓ）
物質の発火によって発生するガスを用いた系によって現
在大きく置き換わりつつある。そのような系では、適切
な検知機構に伴われた電気的に駆動される雷管（ｓｑｕ
ｉｂ）の如き発火装置を用いてガス発生組成物を点火さ
せている。Early systems of this type used compressed stored gas to inflate shock-absorbing bags placed between the occupant and the windshield, steering wheel, and vehicle instrument panel. Upon rapid deceleration, gas is released through an instantaneous valve, inflating the shock absorbing bag. Stored pressurized gas systems contain chemical gas-generating pyroteehics.
They are currently being largely replaced by systems that use gases generated by the ignition of substances. In such systems, an electrically driven detonator (squ
An ignition device such as ib) is used to ignite the gas generating composition.
ｐ張用ガスが非毒性であることに対する最近の厳しい要
請のため、現在使用されているガス発生組成物の全部で
はないとしても、その殆どは無機アジドに基づいている
。初期のアジド組成物は、発生するガスの毒性は問題に
していなかった。なぜなら、その当時は発生したガスが
呼吸できるべきであると言うことは想定されていなかっ
たからである。非毒性ガスを与えるガス発生組成物、又
は大きな燃焼速度で燃焼するものを調製することは容易
であるが、一つのガス発生組成物で速い燃焼速度と非毒
性ガスの発生との条件を満たすようにすることは困難で
ある。Due to the recent stringent requirements for p-tensioning gases to be non-toxic, most, if not all, of the gas generating compositions currently in use are based on inorganic azides. Early azide compositions did not address the toxicity of the gases generated. This is because at that time it was not assumed that the gas produced should be breathable. Although it is easy to prepare gas generating compositions that give non-toxic gases or those that burn at high combustion rates, it is difficult to create a gas generating composition that satisfies the requirements of high combustion rate and generation of non-toxic gases. It is difficult to do so.
無機金属アジドのための共反応剤として金属酸化物を用
いて、衝撃吸収バッグを膨らませるための非毒性窒素ガ
スを発生させるようにしてきた。Metal oxides have been used as coreactants for inorganic metal azides to generate non-toxic nitrogen gas for inflating shock absorbing bags.
無機アジドとの反応で、金属酸化物はアジド中の無機金
属を酸化物へ転化するための酸素を与える。Upon reaction with the inorganic azide, the metal oxide provides oxygen to convert the inorganic metal in the azide to the oxide.
更に金属酸化物は反応し−て焼結凝集燃焼残渣を形成し
、それは容易にろ過される。しかし、無機アジドのため
の共反応剤として金属酸化物を用いることは幾つかの問
題を与え、その一つは、そのような混合物は一般に燃焼
が遅く、ベレットに形成しに＜＜、打ち抜き、ダイス及
び他の自動ペレット化機械の部品を屡々速く摩耗させる
ことである。Additionally, the metal oxides react to form a sintered agglomerated combustion residue, which is easily filtered. However, the use of metal oxides as co-reactants for inorganic azides poses several problems, one of which is that such mixtures generally burn slowly and cannot be formed into pellets, punched, or This often causes rapid wear of dies and other automatic pelletizing machine parts.
ガス発生粒状組成物をベレットへ形成すると、閉じられ
た用具を適切に膨らますのに必要な、均一に燃焼する推
進剤になることが一般に見出されている。ガス発生組成
物中無機アジドのための共反応剤として金属酸化物が用
いられた場合、合理的な燃焼速度を得るのに充分な表面
積を与えるために、組成物のベレットは非常に小さいか
又は非常に薄くしなければならない、そのようなベレッ
トは製造するのが難しく、大きなベレットよりも破壊さ
れ易い、アルカリ金属過塩素酸塩又はアルカリ金属硝酸
塩の如き一層効果的な酸化剤化合物をガス発生組成物に
添加して、金属酸化物・無機アジドガス発生組成物の燃
焼速度を増大することも出来るが、これらの酸化剤化合
物は燃焼温度を上昇し、組成物が燃焼した時ろ過問題を
起こす残渣を与える結果になる。It has generally been found that forming gas generating particulate compositions into pellets provides a uniformly burning propellant necessary to properly inflate closed devices. When a metal oxide is used as a co-reactant for the inorganic azide in the gas generating composition, the pellets of the composition may be very small or Such pellets, which must be made very thin, are difficult to manufacture and more easily destroyed than large pellets, and more effective oxidizer compounds such as alkali metal perchlorates or alkali metal nitrates are used in gas-generating compositions. These oxidizing compounds can also be added to metal oxide and inorganic azide gas generating compositions to increase the burning rate, but these oxidizing compounds can increase combustion temperatures and create residues that can cause filtration problems when the composition burns. result in giving.
衝撃吸収バッグを膨らます目的で従来多くの瞬間燃焼ガ
ス発生組成物が提案されている。誘導期間が短く、燃焼
速度が大きく、嵩密度が大きくそして非毒性ガスだけを
生ずると言う特、徴を兼ね備えたガス発生組成物を開発
することが望ましい。Many flash-combustion gas generating compositions have been proposed in the past for the purpose of inflating shock absorbing bags. It would be desirable to develop gas generant compositions that combine the following characteristics: short induction periods, high burn rates, high bulk densities, and the production of only non-toxic gases.
更に、火薬物質の反応による燃え殻である熱い固体残渣
をガス流から容易に除去できるように、反応生成物のろ
過性がよいことが望ましい。Additionally, it is desirable that the reaction products have good filterability so that hot solid residues, which are cinders from the reaction of the explosive materials, can be easily removed from the gas stream.
ウトラキ（ＵＬｒａｃｋｉ）による米国特許第４，３７
６．００２号明細書には、ガスバッグを膨らませるのに
適した改良燃焼速度火薬組成物が記載されており、そこ
では酸化鉄の如き相乗的第一酸化剤成分が、チタン、ア
ルミニウム及び亜鉛の酸化物の少なくと６一種類からな
る残渣調節剤と組合せて、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土
類金属アジドと一緒に用いられている。U.S. Patent No. 4,37 by ULracki
No. 6.002 describes an improved burn rate explosive composition suitable for inflating gas bags in which a synergistic primary oxidizer component such as iron oxide is combined with titanium, aluminum and zinc. are used in conjunction with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal azide in combination with a residue control agent consisting of at least one of six oxides.
米国特許第４，５４７，２３５号明細書には、窒素源と
してナトリウムアジドを用いた衝撃吸収バッグの膨張に
適した火薬組成物が記載されており、この場合二酸化珪
素及び硝酸カリウムがそれらと組合せて用いられ、速い
燃焼速度を持つガス発生組成物を与えている。U.S. Pat. No. 4,547,235 describes explosive compositions suitable for inflating shock absorbing bags using sodium azide as the nitrogen source, in which silicon dioxide and potassium nitrate are combined. used to provide gas generant compositions with fast burning rates.
デイバレンティン（ＤｉＶａｌｅｎｔｉｎ）による米国
特許第３，９９６，０７９号明細書には、自動車の受動
的拘束系の空気バッグを膨らませるのに適した火薬ガス
発生粒状組成物が記載されており、この場合アルカリ金
属又はアルカリ土類金属のアジドが、酸化ニッケル又は
酸化鉄と少量（Ｏ２５％〜３，０％）の粘土と組合せて
用いられている。粘土は、粒状組成物の押し出し特性、
燃焼過程、機械的強度及び充填密度を改良するのに必要
であると記載されている。U.S. Pat. No. 3,996,079 to DiValentin describes a pyrotechnic gas generating particulate composition suitable for inflating an air bag in a passive restraint system of a motor vehicle. In some cases alkali metal or alkaline earth metal azides are used in combination with nickel or iron oxides and small amounts (O25% to 3.0%) of clay. Clay has extrusion properties of granular composition,
It is stated that it is necessary to improve the combustion process, mechanical strength and packing density.
ガス発生組成物は比較的低い温度で反応し、反応の固体
生成物はろ過器によって容易に保持される焼結物を形成
する。粘土の添加が火薬組成物の燃焼速度に影響を与え
ることについては何も示されていない。The gas generating composition reacts at relatively low temperatures and the solid products of the reaction form a sinter that is easily retained by filters. There is no indication that the addition of clay affects the burning rate of gunpowder compositions.
ハミルトン（Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ）による米国特許第４．
６９８，７０５号明細書には、０〜５重量％のベントナ
イト粘土が用いられた火薬ガス発生組成物が記載されて
いる。火薬組成物は被覆された粒子として記載されてお
り、その粒子は被覆前の粒子の全重量の１〜４％の被覆
重量を有する。そこには、ベントナイトの使用によって
組成物にどのような利点が与えられかについてはなにも
示されていない。U.S. Patent No. 4 by Hamilton.
No. 698,705 describes a gunpowder gas generating composition in which 0-5% by weight of bentonite clay is used. The explosive compositions are described as coated particles, the particles having a coating weight of 1 to 4% of the total weight of the particles before coating. There is no indication as to what advantages the use of bentonite imparts to the composition.
本発明のガス発生組成物は、（、）約５０〜約７０重量
％の割合で、無機金属アジド、好ましくはアルカリ金属
又はアルカリ土類金属アジド、（ｂ）約２〜約３０重量
％の割合の第一金属酸化物酸化性化合物、及び（ｃ）約
２〜約４０重量％の第二酸化性化合物・粘土燃焼速度制
御混合物で、該第二燃焼速度制御酸化性化合物封鎖粘土
の比が、重量による割合で一般に約１＝１〜約１＝８で
ある混合物、からなる。The gas generating composition of the present invention comprises (a) an inorganic metal azide, preferably an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal azide, in a proportion of from about 50 to about 70% by weight; (b) a proportion of from about 2 to about 30% by weight. of a first metal oxide oxidizing compound, and (c) about 2 to about 40% by weight of a second oxidizing compound/clay burn rate controlling mixture, wherein the ratio of the second burning rate controlling oxidizing compound sequestering clay is: generally in proportions from about 1=1 to about 1=8.
〔本発明の好ましい態様についての詳細な記述〕第二の
酸化及び燃焼速度制御に有効な量の無機硝酸塩と組合せ
て粘土を用いることにより、第一酸化性化合物として金
！ｉｃ酸化物を用いたベレ・ント化した粒状の無機金属
アジドガス発生組成物で起きる成る問題を解決すること
ができることが判明した。火薬組成物中に少量の粘土を
用いることにより、火薬組成物の燃焼速度を増大するこ
との他に、圧搾成形後ダイスから火薬組成物ペレットを
取り出す際に起きる摩擦が著しく減少する。これにより
ベレットの品質が改良される。第二酸化言うことが見出
されたことは全く思いがけないことであった。粘土は本
質的に少量の鉄、マグネシウム、ナトリウム及びカルシ
ウムの珪酸塩を含む珪酸アルミニウムであり、珪酸アル
ミニウムは酸化アルミニウムと二酸化珪素との相互作用
により形成することができるので、粘土は熱い酸化ナト
リウムと反応し、それによって固体残渣（クリンカー）
の形成に関与すると予想されるであろう。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION Gold! It has been found that the problems encountered with pelletized particulate inorganic metal azide gas generating compositions using IC oxides can be overcome. In addition to increasing the burn rate of the gunpowder composition, the use of small amounts of clay in the gunpowder composition significantly reduces the friction that occurs when removing the gunpowder composition pellets from the die after compaction. This improves the quality of the pellet. The discovery of secondary oxidation was quite unexpected. Clay is essentially aluminum silicate containing small amounts of iron, magnesium, sodium and calcium silicates, and since aluminum silicate can be formed by the interaction of aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide, clay can be formed by hot sodium oxide and reacts, thereby producing a solid residue (clinker)
would be expected to be involved in the formation of
実際には、本発明のガス発生組成物を用いると一層容易
にろ過することができる固体が得られる。In fact, the gas generating compositions of the present invention result in solids that are more easily filterable.
本発明の火薬組成物の成分として、第二酸化性化合物、
即ち金属硝酸塩又は金属過塩素酸塩と粘土との混合物を
用いることは、無機金属アジドと金属酸化物第一酸化性
化合物の燃焼速度を実質的に増大する手段を与える０本
発明の組成物は、第二酸化性化合物を添加しなくても燃
焼速度の幾らかの増大を示すが、燃焼速度の大きな増大
は、粘度と少量の金属硝酸塩酸化剤化合物との組合せを
使用することにより得ることができる。As a component of the explosive composition of the present invention, a second oxidizing compound,
Thus, the use of a mixture of metal nitrates or metal perchlorates and clay provides a means of substantially increasing the burning rate of inorganic metal azide and metal oxide primary oxidizing compounds. , shows some increase in burning rate without the addition of a secondary oxidizing compound, but a large increase in burning rate can be obtained by using a combination of viscosity and small amounts of metal nitrate oxidizer compounds. .
ガスを発生させるための火薬組成物の燃焼速度を評価す
るために、混合した火薬粉末組成物の試料を０．５ｉｎ
ＴＭ径のダイス中で約８１，０００ｐｓｉの圧力で圧縮
成形し、約０．５ｉｎ長さの円柱に形成する９円柱の側
面はエポキシ・二酸化チタン混合物被覆によってその燃
焼を防ぐ、これらの円柱を窒素ガスで加圧した閉じた容
器中で一方の端に火を付けることにより燃焼速度につい
て試験する。ガス発生火薬組成物の燃焼速度は、円柱の
全長を燃焼するのに必要な時間である１通常各試験は、
平均燃焼速度を得るのに３〜６本の円柱を燃焼すること
を含んでいる。To evaluate the burning rate of a gunpowder composition to generate gas, a sample of the mixed gunpowder powder composition was placed in a 0.5-in.
Compression molded in a TM diameter die at approximately 81,000 psi pressure to form approximately 0.5 inch long cylinders. The sides of the 9 cylinders are coated with an epoxy-titanium dioxide mixture to prevent combustion, and the cylinders are nitrogen-filled. Test for burning rate by lighting one end in a closed container pressurized with gas. The burning rate of a gas-generating gunpowder composition is the time required to burn the entire length of the cylinder.1 Each test typically consists of:
It involves burning 3 to 6 cylinders to obtain the average burning rate.
本発明の火薬組成物は、熱線（ｈｏｔ ｗｉｒｅ）又は
雷管によって発火させることができる。一般に、当分野
でよく知られているように、ガス発生組成物は、拘束系
の膨張性バッグに連通した容器中に閉じ込めて置くこと
ができる。固体生成物が袋の中に流れ込むのを制限する
ため通常ガス発生容器と膨張性バッグとの間のガス導管
中にバッフル及び（又は〉ろ過装置が配置されているで
あろう。The explosive composition of the present invention can be ignited by a hot wire or a detonator. Generally, as is well known in the art, the gas generating composition can be enclosed in a container that communicates with a restraining inflatable bag. Baffles and/or filtration devices will normally be placed in the gas conduit between the gas generating vessel and the inflatable bag to limit the flow of solid product into the bag.
本発明のガス発生組成物に適した無機金属アジド成分は
、一般に、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属のアジド
の少なくとも一種類、好ましくはリチウムアジド、ナト
リウムアジド、カリウムアジド、リビジウムアジド、セ
シウムアジド、カルシウムアジド、マグネシウムアジド
、ストロンチウムアジド、及びバリウムアジドの少なく
とも一種類からなる。最も好ましくはナトリウムアジド
が用いられる。The inorganic metal azide component suitable for the gas generating compositions of the present invention generally includes at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal azide, preferably lithium azide, sodium azide, potassium azide, libidium azide, cesium azide, calcium azide. , magnesium azide, strontium azide, and barium azide. Most preferably sodium azide is used.
適当な第−金ＩＫ酸化物酸化性化合物は、一般に、鉄、
珪素、マンガン、アルミニウム、タンタル、ニオブ、錫
及びニッケルの酸化物の少なくとも一種類から選択する
ことができる。好ましくは鉄とニッケルの酸化物が用い
られる。Suitable iron-gold IK oxide oxidizing compounds generally include iron,
It can be selected from at least one of oxides of silicon, manganese, aluminum, tantalum, niobium, tin, and nickel. Preferably, iron and nickel oxides are used.
粘土と組合せて用いるための第二金属酸化性化合物は、
−ｍに、（１） リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、マ
グネシウム、カルシウム、バリウム及びアルミニウムの
金属硝酸塩の少なくとも一種類、及び（又は）（２）
リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、カルシウム及びバリ
ウムの金属過塩素酸塩の少なくとも一種類、から選択す
ることができる。金属硝酸塩が好ましく、最も好ましく
は硝酸カリウムが用いられる。Second metal oxidizing compounds for use in combination with clays include:
-m, (1) at least one metal nitrate of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, barium, and aluminum, and/or (2)
It can be selected from at least one metal perchlorate of lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and barium. Metal nitrates are preferred, most preferably potassium nitrate is used.
本発明の火薬組成物の燃焼速度を増大するために、粘土
の種々の源を第二酸化性化合物と組合せて用いることが
できる。一般に、どんな粘土でも用いることができる。Various sources of clay can be used in combination with the secondary oxidizing compound to increase the burn rate of the explosive compositions of this invention. Generally any clay can be used.
少量の鉄、マグネシウム、ナトリウム、及びカルシウム
の珪酸塩を含むアルミニウム及び（又は）マグネシウム
珪酸塩からなる粘土が好ましい。Clays consisting of aluminum and/or magnesium silicates with small amounts of iron, magnesium, sodium, and calcium silicates are preferred.
好ましい第二酸化性化合物金属硝酸塩と粘土との組合せ
は、約２〜約４０重量％、好ましくは約５〜約３０重量
％、最も好ましくは約１０〜約２５重量％の割合で用い
られる。一般に、金属硝酸塩対粘土の重量比は、約１：
１〜約１：８、好ましくは約１：１〜１：６、最も好ま
しくは約１：２〜１：５である。第一金属酸化物酸化性
化合物は、本発明のガス発生火薬組成物中、約２〜約３
０重量％の量で用いられる。好ましくは約８〜約２８重
量％、最も好ましくは約１０〜約２５重量％の第一金属
酸化物酸化性化合物が用いられる。Preferred secondary oxidizing compound metal nitrate and clay combinations are used in proportions of about 2 to about 40 weight percent, preferably about 5 to about 30 weight percent, and most preferably about 10 to about 25 weight percent. Generally, the weight ratio of metal nitrate to clay is about 1:
1 to about 1:8, preferably about 1:1 to 1:6, most preferably about 1:2 to 1:5. The first metal oxide oxidizing compound is present in the gas generating explosive composition of the invention from about 2 to about 3
Used in an amount of 0% by weight. Preferably, from about 8 to about 28 weight percent, and most preferably from about 10 to about 25 weight percent, of the first metal oxide oxidizing compound is used.
同じ又は付加的利点を与えるため、本発明の組成物で金
属硝酸塩及び金属過塩素酸塩の代わりに付加的酸化性化
合物を用いることができることは、当業者に認められる
であろう０本発明のガス発生組成物の第二酸化性化合物
として適している酸化性化合物には、過酸化ナトリウム
及び過酸化カリウムの如き金属過酸化物が含まれる。It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that additional oxidizing compounds can be used in place of the metal nitrates and metal perchlorates in the compositions of the present invention to provide the same or additional benefits. Oxidizing compounds suitable as the second oxidizing compound of the gas generating composition include metal peroxides such as sodium peroxide and potassium peroxide.
次の例は本発明の種々の態様を例示している。The following examples illustrate various aspects of the invention.
本明細書及び特許請求の範囲中、特に規定しない限り、
温度は℃で、部、％及び割合は重量による。In this specification and claims, unless otherwise specified,
Temperatures are in °C; parts, percentages and proportions are by weight.
次の例では、次のようにしてガス発生組成物を調製した
。下の表に列挙したような重量％で、成分を１１０℃で
乾燥し、然る後、適切な割合で秤量し、それら成分を完
全に混合した。然る後、それら例の組成物を０．５ｉｎ
直径のダイス中で約８１，０００ｐｓｉの圧力で圧縮成
形し、約０．５ｉｎ長さの円柱に形成した。その円柱を
窒素ガスで加圧した閉じた容器中で火を付けた後、円柱
を燃焼するのに必要な時間を決定することにより燃焼速
度の評価が行なわれた。燃焼速度（ｉｎ／秒）について
示された結果は、各組成を代表する３〜６本の円柱を燃
焼するのに必要な時間の平均値である。In the following example, a gas generating composition was prepared as follows. The ingredients were dried at 110° C. in weight percentages as listed in the table below, then weighed in the appropriate proportions and mixed thoroughly. Thereafter, the compositions of those examples were added to 0.5 in.
It was compression molded in a diameter die at a pressure of about 81,000 psi and formed into a cylinder about 0.5 inches long. After the cylinder was ignited in a closed container pressurized with nitrogen gas, the burning rate was evaluated by determining the time required to burn the cylinder. Results shown for burn rate (in/sec) are averages of the time required to burn three to six cylinders representative of each composition.
例１
（対照、本発明には入らない）
重量％で次のガス発生組成物を調製した：ナトリウムア
ジド６２；黒鉛０．５；硝酸カリウム４．３６゜酸化第
二鉄３３．１４．上述の如く燃焼速度について試験する
と、それは０．７８ｉｎ／秒であった。Example 1 (Control, not included in the invention) The following gas generating composition was prepared in weight percentages: sodium azide 62; graphite 0.5; potassium nitrate 4.36° ferric oxide 33.14. When tested for burn rate as described above, it was 0.78 in/sec.
例２〜８
本発明を例示するガス発生組成物２〜６を調製した１Ｍ
７及び８は対照である。Examples 2-8 1M Gas Generating Compositions 2-6 Illustrating the Invention were Prepared
7 and 8 are controls.
表■
６２．００ ０．５０ ４．３６ ２８．１４
５．００ ０．９５６２．００ ０．５０ ４．３６
２３．１４ １０．００ １．１０６２．００
０．５０ ４．３６ １８．１４ １５．００
１．１９６２．００ ０．５０ ４．３６ １３
．１４ ２０．００ １．１５６２．００ ０．５０
４．３６ ８．１４ ２５．００ ０．９８６
２．００ ０．５０ ４．３６ ３．１４ ３０．
００ ０．６４６２．００ ０．５０ ４．３６
なし ３３．１４ ０．４５車商標名ポルクレイ（Ｖ
ｏｌｃｌａｙ）ＨＰ Ｍ−２０として売られているベン
トナイト粘土
ウトラキ（Ｕｔｒａｃｋｉ）による米国特許第４，３７
８，００２号明細書には、酸化アルミニウムを含み、又
はそれを含まず、鉄及び珪素の酸化物を含むガス発生組
成物が記載されている０例９〜１４では、ガス発生組成
物は、粘土を入れた珪素及びアルミニウムの酸化物の種
々の組合せを用いて作られている。Table ■ 62.00 0.50 4.36 28.14
5.00 0.9562.00 0.50 4.36
23.14 10.00 1.1062.00
0.50 4.36 18.14 15.00
1.1962.00 0.50 4.36 13
．． 14 20.00 1.1562.00 0.50
4.36 8.14 25.00 0.986
2.00 0.50 4.36 3.14 30.
00 0.6462.00 0.50 4.36
None 33.14 0.45 Car trade name Polkrei (V
U.S. Pat. No. 4,37 by Utracki, a bentonite clay sold as HP M-20
No. 8,002 describes gas generating compositions containing oxides of iron and silicon, with or without aluminum oxide. In Examples 9 to 14, the gas generating compositions are They are made using various combinations of silicon and aluminum oxides with clay.
これらの例、特にアルミニウムと珪素の酸化物の混合物
が粘土の元素組成に似ている例１１は、その発明のガス
発生組成物中に粘土を使用すると発火性及び燃焼速度に
独特の利点を与えることを示している。These examples, particularly Example 11, in which the mixture of aluminum and silicon oxides resembles the elemental composition of clay, demonstrate that the use of clay in the gas generant compositions of the invention provides unique advantages in ignitability and burn rate. It is shown that.
例９
（対照、本発明には入らない）
二酸化珪素をベントナイト粘土の代わりに用いた点を除
き、例５と同様な組成成分を用いてガス発生組成物を調
製した。上述の如く円柱状物を作り試験すると、測定さ
れた平均燃焼速度は０．３２ｉｎ／秒であることが分か
った。平均密度は２．０８ｇ／ｃｘ”であった。Example 9 (Control, not within the scope of the present invention) A gas generating composition was prepared using compositional ingredients similar to Example 5, except that silicon dioxide was used in place of bentonite clay. When cylinders were made and tested as described above, the measured average burn rate was found to be 0.32 inches/second. The average density was 2.08 g/cx''.
例１Ｏ
（対照、本発明には入らない）
同じ重量％の酸化アルミニウムを粘土の代わりに用いた
点を除き、例５と同様な組成及び割合でガス発生組成物
を調製した。上述の如く円柱状物を作り燃焼速度につい
て測定すると、平均燃焼速度は０．６２ｉｎ／秒である
ことが分かった。平均密度は２．０６ｙ／ｃｚ’である
ことが分かった。Example 1O (Control, not covered by the invention) A gas generating composition was prepared with the same composition and proportions as Example 5, except that the same weight percent of aluminum oxide was used in place of the clay. When a cylindrical object was made as described above and the burning rate was measured, it was found that the average burning rate was 0.62 inches/second. The average density was found to be 2.06y/cz'.
例１１
（対照、本発明には入らない）
１５重量％の量の二酸化珪素と５重量％の量の酸化アル
ミニウムとの混合物を例５の粘土の代わりに用いた点を
除き、例５と同様な成分及び割合を有するガス発生組成
物を調製した。上述の如くこの組成物から円柱状物を作
り試験すると、測定された平均燃焼速度は０．４４ｉｎ
／秒であることが分かった０組成物の平均密度は２．０
２／ｃｍ’であった。Example 11 (Control, not included in the invention) Same as Example 5, except that a mixture of silicon dioxide in an amount of 15% by weight and aluminum oxide in an amount of 5% by weight was used instead of the clay of Example 5. A gas generating composition was prepared having the following components and proportions. When cylinders were made and tested from this composition as described above, the average burn rate measured was 0.44 in.
The average density of the 0 composition was found to be 2.0/sec.
2/cm'.
例１２〜１４
（対照、本発明には入らない）
下の表（割合は全て重量％である）に記載されている如
きガス発生組成物の例１２〜１４を調製した。Examples 12-14 (Control, not within the scope of the invention) Examples 12-14 of gas generating compositions were prepared as described in the table below (all percentages are by weight).
これらの例は、付加的（第二）酸化剤化合物がガス発生
組成物中に存在しないと、ナトリウムアジドと完全に反
応させるのに必要な酸化鉄の通常の量の一部分を単に粘
土で置換しただけでは、例２〜６と比較して燃焼速度の
大きな増大を生じないことを示している。These examples demonstrate that in the absence of an additional (secondary) oxidizer compound in the gas generating composition, the clay simply replaced a portion of the normal amount of iron oxide needed to fully react with the sodium azide. alone does not result in a significant increase in burning rate compared to Examples 2-6.
１２ ６２．００ ３８．００
０．３６１３ ６２．００
３３．００ ５．００ ０．３５１４
６２．００ ２３．００ １５．０
０ ０．４５本商標名ポルクレイＨＰ Ｍ−２
０として売られているベントナイト粘土
例１６〜２０
下の表（割合は全て重量％である）に記載されている如
きガス発生組成物のＰＡ１６〜２０をＮ製した。12 62.00 38.00
0.3613 62.00
33.00 5.00 0.3514
62.00 23.00 15.0
0 0.45Trade name Polkray HP M-2
Bentonite Clay Examples 16-20 Sold as 0. Gas generating compositions PA 16-20 were prepared as described in the table below (all percentages are by weight).
これらの例は、第二酸化剤化合物（硝酸カリウムによっ
て例示されている）の量を増大した時のガス発生燃焼速
度に及ぼす影響を示している。These examples demonstrate the effect on gas generation combustion rate of increasing the amount of a secondary oxidant compound (exemplified by potassium nitrate).
例１５
商標名マグナブライト（Ｍａｇｎａｂｒ ｉ ｔｅ）
Ｆという種類の粘土をポルクレイＨＰ Ｍ−２０の代わ
りに用いた点を除き、例２と同様な成分及び割きてガス
発生組成物を調製した。上述の如くこの組成物から円柱
状物を作り試験すると、測定された平均燃焼速度は０．
９０ｉｎ／秒であることが分かった０組成物の平均密度
は２．０６ｇ／ｃｚ’であることが分かった。Example 15 Trade name Magnabrite
A gas generating composition was prepared using the same ingredients and ingredients as in Example 2, except that clay type F was used in place of Polclay HP M-20. When cylinders were made from this composition and tested as described above, the average burning rate measured was 0.
The average density of the zero composition, which was found to be 90 in/sec, was found to be 2.06 g/cz'.
この例は、異なった種類の粘土、マグナブライトＦを使
用した場合を例示しており、それは白色スメクタイト粘
土の混合物であり、主にマグネシウムアルミニウム珪酸
塩からなっている。This example illustrates the use of a different type of clay, Magnabrite F, which is a mixture of white smectite clays and consists primarily of magnesium aluminum silicate.
６２．００ ０．５０ １．８６ ２０．６４
１５．００６２．００ ０．５０ ３．００
１９．５０ １５．００６２．００ ０．５０ ４
．３６ １８．１４ １５．００６２．００
０．５０ ５．５０ １７゜００ １５．００６
２．００ ０．５０ ７．００ １５．５０
１５．００本商標名ポルクレイ（Ｖｏｌｃｌａｙ）ＨＰ
Ｍられているベントナイト粘土
０．７１
０゜９０
１゜１９
１．１９
１．０２
２０として売
本発明を成る特定の態様に関して記述してきたが、本発
明の範囲及び本質から離れることなく、多くの変更を行
なえることは、当業者には認められるであろう、また、
本発明は、本発明の本質及び範囲から離れることなく例
示の目的でここに記載した本発明の全ての変化及び修正
を全て含むものであることは理解されるであろう。62.00 0.50 1.86 20.64
15.0062.00 0.50 3.00
19.50 15.0062.00 0.50 4
．． 36 18.14 15.0062.00
0.50 5.50 17゜00 15.006
2.00 0.50 7.00 15.50
15.00 Trade name Volclay HP
M bentonite clay sold as 0.71 0°90 1°19 1.19 1.02 20 Although this invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, many modifications may be made without departing from the scope and essence of this invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications may be made, and
It will be understood that the invention includes all changes and modifications of the invention herein described for purposes of illustration without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
代 理 人 浅 村 皓representative person shallow village Hao
Claims (7)
約２〜約３０重量％の第一金属酸化物酸化性化合物、及
び （ｃ）約２〜約４０重量％の第二金属酸化性化合物・粘
土燃焼速度制御混合物で、該第二酸化性化合物対該粘土
の重量比が約１：１〜約１：８である混合物、 の混合物からなるガス発生組成物。(1) In a gas generant composition with increased burn rate, (a) from about 50 to about 70% by weight inorganic metal azide; (b)
from about 2% to about 30% by weight of a first metal oxide oxidizing compound, and (c) from about 2% to about 40% by weight of a second metal oxidizing compound/clay burn rate control mixture, wherein said second oxidizing compound is combined with said second oxidizing compound. A gas generating composition comprising a mixture of: a mixture having a clay weight ratio of from about 1:1 to about 1:8.
リ土類金属アジドの少なくとも一種類から選択され、第
二酸化性化合物が金属硝酸塩又は金属過塩素酸塩である
請求項１に記載のガス発生組成物。(2) The gas generating composition according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic metal azide is selected from at least one of alkali metal azides and alkaline earth metal azides, and the second oxidizing compound is a metal nitrate or a metal perchlorate.
珪素、マンガン、アルミニウム、タンタル、ニオブ及び
錫の酸化物の少なくとも一種類からなる群から選択され
る請求項２に記載のガス発生組成物。(3) The first metal oxide oxidizing compound is iron, nickel,
3. The gas generating composition of claim 2, wherein the gas generating composition is selected from the group consisting of at least one of oxides of silicon, manganese, aluminum, tantalum, niobium, and tin.
リウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム及
びバリウムの硝酸塩、又はリチウム、ナトリウム、カリ
ウム及びバリウムの過塩素酸塩の少なくとも一種類から
なる群から選択される請求項３に記載のガス発生組成物
。(4) A claim in which the second oxidizing compound is selected from the group consisting of at least one of nitrates of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium, or perchlorates of lithium, sodium, potassium, and barium. The gas generating composition according to item 3.
第一金属酸化物酸化性化合物が酸化第二鉄であり、第二
金属硝酸塩酸化性化合物が硝酸カリウムであり、粘土が
ベントナイト粘土である請求項４に記載のガス発生組成
物。(5) the alkali metal azide is sodium azide,
5. The gas generating composition of claim 4, wherein the first metal oxide oxidizing compound is ferric oxide, the second metal nitrate oxidizing compound is potassium nitrate, and the clay is bentonite clay.
材料の燃焼により自動車又は航空機の衝撃吸収安全バッ
グを膨らませる方法において、（ａ）約５０〜約７０重
量％の無機金属アジド、（ｂ）約２〜約３０重量％の第
一金属酸化物酸化性化合物、及び （ｃ）約２〜約４０重量％の第二金属酸化性化合物・粘
土燃焼速度制御混合物で、該第二金属酸化性化合物対該
粘土の重量比が約１：１〜約１：８である混合物、 からなる粒子混合物を用いることによって増大した燃焼
速度が得られている安全バッグ膨らまし方法。(6) A method of inflating a shock-absorbing safety bag for an automobile or aircraft by combustion of pyrotechnic material at a high burning rate producing only non-toxic gases, comprising: (a) from about 50 to about 70% by weight of an inorganic metal azide; b) about 2% to about 30% by weight of a first metal oxide oxidizing compound; and (c) about 2% to about 40% by weight of a second metal oxidizing compound-clay burn rate control mixture; 1. A method of inflating a safety bag in which an increased burn rate is obtained by using a particle mixture comprising: a mixture in which the weight ratio of chemical compound to the clay is from about 1:1 to about 1:8.
類金属アジドの少なくとも一種類からなる群から選択さ
れ、第一金属酸化性化合物が酸化鉄であり、第二金属酸
化性化合物が硝酸カリウムであり、粘土がベントナイト
粘土であるペレット化した混合物を用いることにより、
増大した燃焼速度が得られている請求項６に記載の方法
。(7) The inorganic azide is selected from the group consisting of at least one of alkali metal azides and alkaline earth metal azides, the first metal oxidizing compound is iron oxide, the second metal oxidizing compound is potassium nitrate, and clay By using a pelletized mixture in which is bentonite clay,
7. The method of claim 6, wherein an increased burning rate is obtained.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US432150 | 1989-11-06 | ||
| US07/432,150 US4931111A (en) | 1989-11-06 | 1989-11-06 | Azide gas generating composition for inflatable devices |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03153593A true JPH03153593A (en) | 1991-07-01 |
| JPH0660079B2 JPH0660079B2 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
Family
ID=23714971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2093825A Expired - Lifetime JPH0660079B2 (en) | 1989-11-06 | 1990-04-09 | Azido gas generating composition |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4931111A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0428242B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0660079B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920008180B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU625286B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2012607C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69004787T2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994001381A1 (en) * | 1992-07-13 | 1994-01-20 | Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. | Gas generating agent for air bags |
| JPH06219716A (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-08-09 | Trw Inc | Gas generator for shock suppression tool for vehicle occupant |
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| US4909549A (en) * | 1988-12-02 | 1990-03-20 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Composition and process for inflating a safety crash bag |
| US5074940A (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 1991-12-24 | Nippon Oil And Fats Co., Ltd. | Composition for gas generating |
| FR2663924B1 (en) * | 1990-06-27 | 1994-05-06 | Livbag Snc | PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION GENERATING NON-TOXIC GASES COMPRISING A MINERAL BINDER AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD. |
| US5178696A (en) * | 1990-09-03 | 1993-01-12 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas generating composition for automobile air bag |
| US5035757A (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1991-07-30 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Azide-free gas generant composition with easily filterable combustion products |
| JPH06506663A (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1994-07-28 | トーリー ディフェンス システムズ インコーポレイテッド | Azide propellant composition for emergency deballasting of submersible ships |
| DE4116879A1 (en) * | 1991-05-23 | 1992-11-26 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | GAS GENERATING MODULE FOR A AIRBAG OF MOTOR VEHICLES |
| US5387296A (en) * | 1991-08-23 | 1995-02-07 | Morton International, Inc. | Additive approach to ballistic and slag melting point control of azide-based gas generant compositions |
| DE4218531C1 (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1993-07-15 | Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Fuer Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh, 8261 Aschau, De | |
| EP0584899A3 (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1995-08-02 | Morton Int Inc | Additive approach to ballistic and slag melting point control of azide-based gas generant compositions. |
| US5472647A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1995-12-05 | Thiokol Corporation | Method for preparing anhydrous tetrazole gas generant compositions |
| US5682014A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1997-10-28 | Thiokol Corporation | Bitetrazoleamine gas generant compositions |
| US5401340A (en) | 1993-08-10 | 1995-03-28 | Thiokol Corporation | Borohydride fuels in gas generant compositions |
| US5429691A (en) * | 1993-08-10 | 1995-07-04 | Thiokol Corporation | Thermite compositions for use as gas generants comprising basic metal carbonates and/or basic metal nitrates |
| US5439537A (en) | 1993-08-10 | 1995-08-08 | Thiokol Corporation | Thermite compositions for use as gas generants |
| US5518054A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1996-05-21 | Morton International, Inc. | Processing aids for gas generants |
| US5431103A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-07-11 | Morton International, Inc. | Gas generant compositions |
| US5452210A (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1995-09-19 | Thiokol Corporation | Method and system for evaluating gas generants and gas generators |
| JP4109317B2 (en) | 1994-01-19 | 2008-07-02 | アライアント・テクシステムズ・インコーポレーテッド | Metal complexes used as gas generating agents |
| US20050067074A1 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 2005-03-31 | Hinshaw Jerald C. | Metal complexes for use as gas generants |
| US5725699A (en) | 1994-01-19 | 1998-03-10 | Thiokol Corporation | Metal complexes for use as gas generants |
| US5536340A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1996-07-16 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Gas generating composition for automobile airbags |
| EP0749946A1 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1996-12-27 | Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. | Gas generating agent composition |
| US5868424A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1999-02-09 | Oea, Inc. | Substantially smoke-free and particulate-free inflator for inflatable safety restraint system |
| US6071364A (en) * | 1997-02-19 | 2000-06-06 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Gas generating compositions containing mica |
| US6016874A (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2000-01-25 | Bennett; Joseph Michael | Compact affordable inert gas fire extinguishing system |
| US6257341B1 (en) | 1998-09-22 | 2001-07-10 | Joseph Michael Bennett | Compact affordable inert gas fire extinguishing system |
| US6176517B1 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 2001-01-23 | Autoliv Aspinc. | Gas generating apparatus |
| US6120626A (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2000-09-19 | Autoliv Asp Inc. | Dispensing fibrous cellulose material |
| US6334917B1 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 2002-01-01 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Propellant compositions for gas generating apparatus |
| DE10064285C1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-10-17 | Nigu Chemie Gmbh | Gas generator fuel composition and its use |
| US6673172B2 (en) | 2001-05-07 | 2004-01-06 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gas generant compositions exhibiting low autoignition temperatures and methods of generating gases therefrom |
| US20050115721A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Blau Reed J. | Man-rated fire suppression system |
| US7337856B2 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2008-03-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Method and apparatus for suppression of fires |
| US8672348B2 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2014-03-18 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Gas-generating devices with grain-retention structures and related methods and systems |
| US8939225B2 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2015-01-27 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Inflator-based fire suppression |
| US8616128B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2013-12-31 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Gas generator |
| US8967284B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2015-03-03 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Liquid-augmented, generated-gas fire suppression systems and related methods |
| KR102162640B1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-10-07 | 송상한 | Inflatable floats comprising inflater operated by operable switch |
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| US3920575A (en) * | 1973-03-03 | 1975-11-18 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Gas generating composition and method of preparing compression molded articles therefrom |
| GB1443547A (en) * | 1973-12-17 | 1976-07-21 | Canadian Ind | Metal oxide/azide gas generating compositions |
| FR2405229A1 (en) * | 1977-10-04 | 1979-05-04 | Universal Propulsion Cy Inc | Gas generating compsn. - comprises oxidiser and large-particle fuel dispersed in a hydrophilic refractory binder |
| US4203787A (en) * | 1978-12-18 | 1980-05-20 | Thiokol Corporation | Pelletizable, rapid and cool burning solid nitrogen gas generant |
| CA1146756A (en) * | 1980-06-20 | 1983-05-24 | Lechoslaw A.M. Utracki | Multi-ingredient gas generants |
| JPS6035060A (en) * | 1983-08-05 | 1985-02-22 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | Resin composition for paint |
| US4547235A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1985-10-15 | Morton Thiokol, Inc. | Gas generant for air bag inflators |
| US4696705A (en) * | 1986-12-24 | 1987-09-29 | Trw Automotive Products, Inc. | Gas generating material |
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-
1989
- 1989-11-06 US US07/432,150 patent/US4931111A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-03-20 CA CA002012607A patent/CA2012607C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-03-21 AU AU52076/90A patent/AU625286B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-03-27 KR KR1019900004079A patent/KR920008180B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-03-30 DE DE69004787T patent/DE69004787T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-03-30 EP EP90303472A patent/EP0428242B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-09 JP JP2093825A patent/JPH0660079B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994001381A1 (en) * | 1992-07-13 | 1994-01-20 | Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. | Gas generating agent for air bags |
| JPH06219716A (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-08-09 | Trw Inc | Gas generator for shock suppression tool for vehicle occupant |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR910009612A (en) | 1991-06-28 |
| US4931111A (en) | 1990-06-05 |
| EP0428242A2 (en) | 1991-05-22 |
| EP0428242A3 (en) | 1991-06-12 |
| DE69004787D1 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
| EP0428242B1 (en) | 1993-11-24 |
| CA2012607A1 (en) | 1991-05-06 |
| DE69004787T2 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
| JPH0660079B2 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
| AU5207690A (en) | 1991-05-09 |
| CA2012607C (en) | 1996-12-24 |
| KR920008180B1 (en) | 1992-09-25 |
| AU625286B2 (en) | 1992-07-09 |
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