JPH0314648A - High density fibrous structural article of polyamide and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject structural article having waterproof property and permeability as well as soft handling properties and useful as a raw material for outer cloth by circulating and moving a polyamide-based fibrous structural article in a polyamide swelling agent and uniformly contracting the structure article in the vertical and horizontal directions. CONSTITUTION:A fibrous structural article using a polyamide-based fiber (e.g. nylon 6) is circulated and moved in a solution of polyamide swelling agent and uniformly contracted at ratio of >=10% in the vertical and horizontal directions to provide the objective structural article consisting of fibrous layer along having <=200g/m<2> mesh and the surface to which water repelling furnish is applied, and having 0.5-3cc/cm<2> sec air transmission rate >=350mmH2O/cm<2> resistance to water pressure and >=8000g/m<2>.24hr moisture permeability.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a high-density woven fabric cross-structured material using polyamide and having waterproof and i3'IW properties. (Prior Art) Conventionally, as a method of obtaining a fabric having both waterproofness and moisture permeability, a method of coating a base fabric with a polyurethane resin or the like has been known (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-47955).
．． However, clothing using coated fabrics has a residual damp feeling and has a hard texture, which limits its uses. For this reason, i3? 'f
A: It has been proposed to obtain waterproof properties, and the method for obtaining such a fabric is to weave a fabric using composite fibers that can be fibrillated (split), and then split the fabric to obtain a high-density fabric. It is known. For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-9427, after knitting a knitted fabric using composite fibers made of polyamide and polyester, the polyamide component is swollen with a chemical to fibrillate the condensed fibers, and the knitted fabric is heated by steaming at 70°C or higher. It is disclosed that shrinkage is performed to obtain a dense fabric.

Furthermore, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 50-152094, a fiber structure using a peelable composite fiber containing polyamide is given a swelling and shrinking agent equivalent to the strength of polyamide, and the area shrinkage rate is 10.
It is described that a fiber structure having a silk-like texture can be obtained by shrinking the fiber structure by shrinking the fiber structure by 70%, the thickness increase rate by 20 to 350%, and the ratio of the two to 2 or more.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, all of the materials disclosed in the prior art contain a large amount of non-shrinkable components such as polyester, so even if they are highly shrunk, these components make the fabric thick. When used as clothing, there was a problem that its uses were limited.

In addition, the high-density fabric using composite fibers becomes finer due to fibrillation, making it easier to increase the density, but ordinary shrinkage treatment is still insufficient for increasing the density, and sufficient waterproofness and i
3. Moisture cannot be obtained.

Furthermore, only a simple dipping method is disclosed as a shrinking method;
If the fabric is simply dipped in a swelling agent and subjected to heat treatment, shrinkage spots occur, especially in the case of thin fabrics, which deteriorates the appearance and quality of the product. The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and aims to provide a high-quality fiber structure that has a high degree of waterproofness and I3 moisture content, as well as a flexible texture. ．． (Means for solving problem ii) The present invention uses polyamide fibers with a basis weight of 200 g/m.
It consists only of mmra less than t, and the surface is
n Water treated, air permeability 0.5-3cc/cm"sec, water pressure resistance 350mmH, ○/am" or more, moisture permeability 8000g/
The method of the present invention involves moving a fiber structure using polyamide fibers in a solution stream of a polyamide swelling agent, and moving the fiber structure in a solution flow of a polyamide swelling agent. 10 things uniformly in the longitudinal and latitudinal directions
% or more.

Examples of the polyamide used in the present invention include nylon 4. Nylon6. Nylon7. Nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 66, nylon 610, polymethaxylene adipamide 9 polyvaraxylylene decaneamide. Examples include polybiscyclohexylmethanedecaneamide and copolyamides containing them, with nylon 6 and nylon 66 being preferred.

These polyamides are spun individually and have a single yarn weave of 0.5 to
It may be made into a yarn of about 8 denier, but it can be composite spun with other easily soluble polymers, such as polyethylene terephthalate copolymer, which is easily soluble in alkali, and the easily soluble polymer is dissolved and removed before the shrinkage treatment described below. For example, 0. It is also possible to use wA thread with a 5 denier or less. The fiber structure of the present invention is a woven fabric. knitting. Refers to nonwoven fabrics, etc. Such a fiber structure uses the polyamide fibers mentioned above, that is, polyamide 1 fibers are uniformly present over the entire surface. In addition to the polyamide fiber, polyester,
Although it is possible to mix a small amount of other fibers such as cotton or silk, for example up to 30% by weight, in order to have polyamide fibers present on the entire surface, mixing methods such as using polyamide fibers only in the warp or weft of textiles are not recommended. Undesirable.

In addition, various types of &Il weave can be used for the fiber structure, but
In the case of woven fabrics, flat ones such as plain weave or twill are preferred. Furthermore, the fibrous structure may have some napping, and when a treatment such as raising is performed, this treatment is performed prior to the subsequent shrinkage treatment. The fibrous structure of the present invention is relatively thin with a basis weight of 200 g/m or less.Furthermore, the fibrous structure may be made of only a fiber layer and may have a coating layer of urethane or the like on the surface. This is different from a multi-i structure having a ξ lanate layer such as a film or the like.

In addition, the surface of this fiber structure is water-repellent (not limited to only one side), and the In water agent used includes:
Included are IR water agents having a barfluoric group, silicone type 18 water agents containing polysiloxane as a main ingredient, water repellents having an alkyl group in the main or side chain, or mixtures thereof. However, it is not limited to these. Furthermore, this fiber structure has an air permeability of 0. 5~3cc/c
m"-second (JIS L-1096 (Method A)). Also, the water pressure resistance is 350mmH.○/cm" or more (JIS L-1096 (Method A)).
L-1092 (Method A)) Preferably 500mmH
z ○/cm" or more, but usually 1500 mm
Hz O/cm" or less, moisture permeability is 800
0g/m” ・24 hours or more (JIS L-109
9) However, the upper limit is about 10,000 g/m" for 24 hours. This fiber structure is made of highly densely shrunk polyamide, but it has a difference in coverage factor (fineness (denyl) x number of battings (
book/inch)〉longitudinal direction,! ! It is preferable that the sum in one direction is about 1800 or more, and in particular the hippofactor in the longitudinal direction is 1000 or more. Next, the method of the present invention will be described.

The fiber structure used in the present invention is a common fabric, for example, the number of warps or wefts is about 60 to 180 per inch, and the basis weight is 7.
0 to 180 g/m” or similar knitted fabrics,
Non-woven fabrics etc. can be used, especially those with a basis weight of 70 to 120 g/m"
Furthermore, it is preferable to use a thin material of about 70-100 g/m', as it will give a more flexible texture. Next, the polyamide swelling agents used in the method of the present invention include TE, benzyl alcohol, phenol, GA, acetic acid. Dimethylformamide. Examples include emulsions such as xylene, and benzyl alcohol emulsions are particularly preferred.
Such a boria-adsorbed swelling agent has a range of 1.5 to 50
Although it may be used at a concentration of about 1 to 1% by weight, since the shrinkage treatment of the present invention progresses more rapidly than the immersion method,
It is preferable to use it as a low concentration solution of 10% by weight.
Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, the shrinkage rate is controlled by the concentration of the polyamide swelling agent as described above. When emulsifying such a polyamide swelling agent, a nonionic, cationic, anionic, or mixed surfactant may be added to emulsify and disperse it, but in the present invention, the solution may be used at a slightly higher temperature. Therefore, it is preferable to use an emulsifier that has improved emulsifying power in the high temperature range by, for example, increasing the anion content. What is important about the method of the present invention is that the shrinkage treatment is performed in both directions, and moreover, over the entire surface. It should be done uniformly. Regarding this point, in the conventional padding method, shrinkage in the warp direction is difficult to occur due to continuous processing, and in the dipping method, even if batch processing is performed, the swelling agent does not adsorb uniformly to the polyamide fibers. It cannot be used in the method of the present invention. That is, the method of the present invention uses a liquid flow processing apparatus that can uniformly process the object under no tension. Here, the liquid flow processing device refers to an endless processing object that is processed by a continuous liquid flow along with a processing liquid.
This is a device that moves the Ii ring, such as a known liquid jet dyeing machine. The method of the present invention uses such a liquid flow processing device to generate a liquid flow consisting of the polyamide swelling agent solution to perform a shrinkage treatment. The temperature of the 8 liquids is raised to 60 to 100° C., preferably 80 to 100° C., and treated for 1 to 90 minutes, preferably 20 to 40 minutes while causing a liquid flow.

With this treatment, the fiber structure is
Shrink it by 0% or more, preferably 15% or more. If the shrinkage rate is less than 10%, the entanglement between the fibers will be insufficient, and a dense, high-density fiber structure with uniform voids will not be obtained. It is also possible to manufacture extremely high-density materials with shrinkage rates exceeding 40%, but such materials are paper-like and have little practical use. In addition, when shrinkage treatment is performed using a jet dyeing machine according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to perform processes such as scouring and dyeing continuously before and after the shrinkage treatment with the object to be treated left in the dyeing machine. It is. Also, collection iI1j! For high density fiber structures of t, known t
aWater treatment or smear calender treatment is preferred as it further improves waterproof performance. Such a method of the present invention is suitable for obtaining the above-mentioned fiber structure of the present invention. (Example) Example 1 6 nylon multifilament yarn of 115D/72F was used for the warp and warp yarns, and the warp was 119 yarns/inch. A plain weave gray machine with a weft of 86 threads/inch was obtained. The obtained greige was placed in a liquid jet dyeing machine (Hisaka Seisakusho vertical type Cirquiera), and benzyl alcohol was added 5. 0% and an emulsifier (KM-240, manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) 0.5%. That is, while operating the dyeing machine and circulating the gray fabric, the emulsion solution was mixed in 8 minutes in 30 minutes.
After raising the temperature to 0°C and continuing the treatment for another 30 minutes, the emulsion solution was drained and collected and washed with water. A high-density fabric was dried and shrunk by 21% in the warp direction and 17% in the weft direction. After the fabric was water-repellent treated, it was subjected to shimmy treatment at 185°C to obtain a moisture-permeable and waterproof fabric. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 2 Made of 700/36F 6 nylon multifilament yarn as warp, polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 18 mol weight % of polyethylene glycol, and 6 nylon, 8 fan-shaped sections of 75 parts by weight from the center of the fiber cross section 6 nylon (0.18 denier after fibrillation) and complement this. A plain weave gray fabric having a warp of 105 pieces/inch and a weft of 77 pieces/inch was obtained using a loOD/50F composite fiber having a single yarn cross-sectional shape bonded with 25 parts by weight of copolyester as the weft yarn.

The obtained gray fabric was dissolved in an aqueous solution containing 2% by weight of caustic soda.
℃ for 60 minutes to dissolve the copolymerized polyester portion, and then treated in the same manner as Example 1 using a jet dyeing machine at a benzyl alcohol concentration of 8% and a heating temperature of 9a℃ to obtain a dye with a diameter of 26%. , a high-density fabric with 19% weft shrinkage was obtained. This fabric was treated to be water repellent and then subjected to stain treatment at 185°C to obtain an i3 wet/waterproof fabric. The results are shown in Table I.

Comparative Example 1 The gray fabric used in Example 1 was immersed in 20% benzyl alcohol at 95° C. for 1 minute to shrink by 33% in the warp and 25% in the weft to obtain a high-density fabric. Such a fabric is ta
Water processing. The results of shimmy processing are shown in Table I. Those that were subjected to the normal immersion treatment had shrinkage spots on the surface, some areas where the shrinkage was not sufficient, and as shown in Table 1, the water pressure resistance was low.Example 3 70d/32r The warp is made of nylon 6 multifilament yarn, which is made of nylon 6 and polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 18 mol weight percent polyethylene glycol, and is supplemented with nylon 6 in four fan-shaped sections of 75 parts by weight from the center of the fiber cross section. Cross section of a single yarn joined with 25 parts by weight of copolymerized polyester. food with shape
A twill loom with a warp of 159 yarns/inch and a weft of 80 yarns/inch was obtained by using composite fibers of /50 f as weft yarns. The obtained gray cloth was heated at 60°C in an aqueous solution containing 2% by weight of caustic soda at 100°C.
After processing for a minute to dissolve the polyester part, a napping process is applied, and using a jet dyeing machine, benzyl alcohol 6.
0%, 'FL forming agent (Takemoto Yushi KM-240) 0.
The temperature of the emulsion solution consisting of 6% was raised to 98°C in 30 minutes, and the treatment was continued for another 30 minutes.The emulsion solution was then discharged and collected, washed with water, dried, and heated for 21 minutes in the warp direction.
%, and a high-density fabric with 16% shrinkage in the weft direction was obtained. After dyeing and water-processing such a fabric, it is shimmy-processed at 185°C, and the i3? A W waterproof fabric was obtained.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 4 The warp was made of polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 18 mol weight % of polyethylene glycol and 6 nylon, and 70 d/3 6 f 6 nylon multifilament yarn was used as the warp. 1 0 0 ti/ having a single yarn weft cross-sectional shape in which the fan-shaped part of nylon 6 (0.l8 denier after fibrillation) is joined with 25 parts by weight of copolymerized polyester to complement it.
A plain weave gray fabric with a warp of 105 yarns/inch and an Il of 77 yarns/inch was obtained using a 50 f composite fiber as the weft. The obtained gray cloth was treated with caustic soda and raised in the same manner as in Example 1, and treated using a jet dyeing machine at a benzyl alcohol concentration of 8% and a heating temperature of 98°C.
A shrunken, high-density fabric was obtained. Dye the fabric! 8 After water treatment, shimmy treatment was performed at 185°C to obtain a damp waterproof fabric. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 2 The gray fabric used in Example 1 was treated in an aqueous solution containing 2% by weight of caustic soda at 100°C for 60 minutes to dissolve the copolyester portion, and then subjected to a napping treatment, and the fabric was dyed and treated with fJ3 water. After processing, it was processed at 185℃. The results are shown in Table 2. Example 5 The benzyl alcohol tN'fX of Examples 1 and 2 was added to the third
The tear strength of the heat permeable/waterproof fabric was measured with the changes shown in the table. Table 3 As shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the tear strength changes and the shrinkage rate changes depending on the concentration of benzyl alcohol. In the case of Example 1, as the shrinkage rate increases, the play between fibers decreases and the tear strength decreases, so a concentration of around 4% is most preferable. Although the tear strength increases due to filling, if the shrinkage rate is further increased (increasing the benzyl alcohol concentration), the tear strength decreases as in Example 1, so a concentration of 6 to 8% is most preferable. (Effects of the invention) ) As described above, the fiber structure according to the present invention has sufficient waterproofness and moisture permeability, and together with its soft texture, it is extremely useful as a material for outer clothing. According to the above, a high-density fiber structure having both waterproofness and i3?W properties and a soft texture can be obtained, and such a fiber structure is a high-quality high-density fiber without shrinkage spots that appear as wrinkles or stains. A structure is obtained.Furthermore, the method of the present invention is extremely useful in that it can provide a variety of materials for a wide range of uses because the shrinkage rate can be freely controlled.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Fabric weight 200g/m^2 using polyamide fiber
It consists only of the following fiber layers, the surface is water-repellent, the air permeability is 0.5-3cc/cm^2 seconds, and the water pressure resistance is 3.
50mmH_2O/cm^2 or more, moisture permeability 8000g/
Polyamide high-density fiber structure with a durability of m^2・24 hours or more. (2) A fiber structure using polyamide fibers is circulated in a solution stream of a polyamide swelling agent, and the fiber structure is uniformly shrunk by 10% or more in the warp and weft directions. A method for producing a dense fiber structure.