JPH03140754A - Condenser for solar ray - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To condense solar rays to a light-receiving member without moving a reflecting mirror by shifting the light-receiving member to the position of a focus changing by the movement of the optical path of solar rays. CONSTITUTION:A pipe (a heat-receiving member) 21 made of stainless as a light-receiving member is disposed at the position of the focus of a concave mirror 11. Support materials 22, 23, 24 are fixed to the upper sections of the concave mirror 11, and a cylinder 25 is mounted to the upper end sections of the support materials 22, 23, 24. The cylinder 25 is provided in the longitudinal direction inside the concave mirror 11, and the pipe 21, the inside of which is supplied with a fluid, is elevated and lowered along a center line (l), and shifted to the position of the focus (the position of the focus of the concave mirror 11) changing according to the movement of the optical path of solar rays.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the heating of fluids such as water and the supply of energy to solar cells using the energy of sunlight.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, various hot water generators that utilize solar heat have been proposed. Such a hot water generator includes, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, a reflecting mirror (two in this figure) 1 having a concave surface.
is always directed in the direction of the moving sun to concentrate the sunlight 2, and the pipe 3 to which water is supplied is placed in the sunlight 2 concentrator, and the heat of the concentrated sunlight causes the pipe to The water inside 3 is heated.

Problems to be solved by invention C] The sun changes its position and height as it moves from east to west during the day, and also changes its height as the seasons change. In addition, among the sunlight 2 in FIG. 14, the chain line indicates the optical path at noon time, and the solid line indicates the optical path at morning and evening times. However, reflector 1
In order to keep the pipe 3 at the focal position by tracking the changes in the sun's position, the stroke cylinder 4 as a reflector moving means connected to each reflector 1.1 is moved in the left and right directions in the figure. The reflecting mirrors 1, 1 are arranged at the positions indicated by the chain lines at noon time, and at the positions indicated by the solid lines at morning and evening times. Therefore, when the reflecting mirror 1 becomes larger, there is a problem that the device including the stroke cylinder 4 also becomes larger.

The present invention has been made to solve this problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sunlight condensing device that can condense sunlight onto a light receiving member without moving a reflecting mirror.

[Means to solve the problem]

The sunlight condensing device according to the present invention includes a reflecting mirror for concentrating sunlight, a light receiving member disposed at a focal position of the reflecting mirror, and a focal position changing as the optical path of sunlight changes. and a moving means for moving the light receiving member.

Further, the reflecting mirror may be a concave mirror that is formed in a vertically elongated shape, curved in the horizontal direction, and further arranged with its longitudinal direction facing east and west.

Furthermore, the light-receiving member may be configured as a pipe that is disposed inside the concave mirror so as to face the longitudinal direction, and is further raised and lowered by the moving means, and into which fluid is supplied.

[Effect]

In the present invention, the moving means moves the light-receiving member following changes in the focal position of the reflecting mirror, so that the light-receiving member is always moved to the focal position of the reflecting mirror.

〔Example〕

FIRST EMBODIMENT FIGS. 1 to 3 are diagrams of a solar light condensing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a fluid heating device using solar heat is shown. In the middle, the left side shows south and the right side shows north. In Figure 3, the left side shows west and the right side shows east. In the device of this embodiment, the reflecting mirror for concentrating sunlight is formed in a vertically elongated shape (longitudinal in the left-right direction in FIG. 3) and in a horizontal direction (in the left-right direction in FIG. 2), as shown in the figure. A concave mirror 11 is used, which has a curved shape and is arranged with its longitudinal direction facing east and west. This concave mirror 11 is curved in an arc shape, and reinforcing members 12, 13, and 14 are fixed to the curved outer circumferential surface and the entire circumferential edge to improve the strength of the concave mirror 11. In addition, shafts 100 (however, the shaft on the right side in FIG. 3 is not shown) and 110 are provided at both ends and the center in the longitudinal direction of the concave mirror 11, and this l[111
00 and 110 are rotatably supported by bearings 17 of three gate-shaped columns 16 (the rightmost column in FIG. 3 is not shown) fixed on the ground 15. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the concave mirror 11 is separated from the central support 16 (the right support in the figure) so that the support 16 does not interfere with the swinging movement of the concave mirror 11. Reference numeral 18 denotes a stroke connecting rod fixed to the concave mirror 11, which is connected to a stroke cylinder (not shown), and moves the concave mirror 11 to the shafts 100, 110 by moving the cylinder forward and backward.
This is for rotating around the center.

At the focal point of the concave mirror 11, a stainless steel (SUS304) pipe (heat receiving member) 21 is provided as a light receiving member. A support material 22 is provided on the upper part of the concave mirror 11,
23.24 is fixed and this support material 22.23.2
A cylinder 25 is attached to the upper end of the cylinder 4. The cylinder 25 is disposed inside the concave mirror 11 in the longitudinal direction (left-right direction in FIG. 3), and a pipe 21 into which fluid (water in this embodiment) is supplied is indicated by an arrow in the figure. As shown, it constitutes a moving means that moves up and down along the center line 1 to a focal position (focal position of the concave mirror 11) that changes with the movement of the optical path of sunlight.

Figures 4 to 8 are diagrams showing the principle of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, when looking at the sun S from a certain point O on the earth, the sun S is The sun S moves from east to west according to the curve P in the order of morning, noon, and evening so that it has an elevation angle of, for example, 77 degrees at time, but in the winter season, the sun S has an elevation angle of, for example, 29 degrees at noon time. Move from east to west following curve Q in the order of morning, noon, and evening so that In addition, in spring and autumn, the sun moves at an intermediate elevation angle, and the range of variation in the sun's height is within the angle θ.
becomes. Further, the maximum variation in the movement of the sun S during one day is 180°.

As described above, since the sun S changes greatly during the day, the focal position of the concave mirror 11 also moves due to the movement of the sun S. Figures 5A, 5B to 7A.

As shown in Figure 7B, when the concave mirror 11 is arranged with its longitudinal direction facing east and west, and the concave mirror 11 is not moved,
Regarding the focal point F of the concave mirror 11, in the morning the sunlight is concentrated at the focal point F (i.e., the position on the straight line A) (Figures 5A and 5B), and in the afternoon the sunlight is concentrated at the focal point F (i.e., the position on the straight line A). is the sixth point to condense the light to the focal point F2 (i.e., the position on the straight line A2).
Figures A and 6B), in the evening the sun's rays are at focus F3.
(In other words, the position on the straight line A3)
In Figure B), the focal positions A1 to A3, which are subject to change, move vertically along straight line B. The inventor of the present invention has focused on this point, and uses the cylinder 25 to move the pipe 21 up and down along the straight line B so that the pipe 21 is always located on the straight line A1-A3 (arrow a in FIG. 8). In Figure 8, curve C
shows the locus of the focal position that varies depending on the season, with position 31 being the focal position in the morning and evening of summer, and position 32 being the focal position in the morning and evening of winter (arrow b in Fig. 8). Therefore, in response to the change of seasons, the stroke connecting rod 18 is moved to the shaft 100 by a stroke cylinder (not shown).
, 110 so as to always point the concave mirror 11 in the direction of the sun S, the efficiency of condensing light can be improved. The stroke cylinder can be omitted, simplifying the device.

FIG. 9 shows a system for obtaining hot water using the fluid heating device according to this embodiment. As shown in the figure, a large number of concave mirrors 11 are arranged in parallel, and a pipe 2
If water is supplied inside the heating device, the cold water becomes hot water by the heating device, and this hot water can be used by the heat use device 42.

For example, in the Kanto area, 4000-5500 (kcal
/rri・day ] is obtained from sunlight, so it is possible to obtain hot water of approximately 80°C with a conventional flat heat receiver for baths, but when using the concave mirror 11 as in this embodiment. In this case, higher temperature hot water can be obtained.

The present invention is more effective when there is no time constraint, such as when industrial wastewater is evaporated using the apparatus shown in FIG.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE FIG. 10 shows an experimental apparatus conducted by the present inventor, and Table 1 shows the data. As shown in the figure, a pump 51 circulates water through a heating device 52 and a water tank 53 to generate hot water. The heating device 52 includes the same concave mirror 11 as described above.

(Experimental conditions) 1. Dimensions and number of concave mirrors 11: Curvature diameter 0.57 φm x length 2 m x 3 units 2. Dimensions and capacity of water tank 53 Width 0.38 m x Length 0.26 m x Height 0.22 m, Capacity 2
1.713, Thermometer T1 Water temperature in water tank 53 Table 1 As described above, by circulating the water for about 1 hour, cold water of 30.5°C can be heated to 39°C.

Second Embodiment FIG. 11 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. A vibro 1 as a light receiving member in this embodiment includes stainless steel vibros 2.63 each having a rectangular cross section arranged in upper and lower stages. , a heat insulating material 64 is attached only between the two vibros 2.63 and on both sides.

In addition, in the sealed end portion 65, the upper and lower vibrators 2°63
are connected to each other. The upper vibro 2 is supplied with cold water, and this cold water is transferred to the lower vibro 3 at the end 65.
The water is heated by the lower vibro 3 and discharged as hot water. That is, since the vibro 1 is always located at the focal point of the concave mirror 11, the cold water is heated to some extent by sunlight from the upper surface 66 to which no heat insulating material is attached while passing through the upper vibro 2. In the lower vibro 3, it is rapidly heated by the heat of the concentrated sunlight from the lower surface 67, which does not have a heat insulating material, and is discharged. The insulation material 64 absorbs water by approximately 6
When heating to 0° C. or higher or when water is evaporated, it is effective in preventing the water from cooling due to heat radiation and in absorbing solar heat because the area near the focal point becomes highly heated.

Third Embodiment FIGS. 12 and 13 are diagrams showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, a solar cell 71 is used as a light receiving member, and is placed at the focal point of the concave mirror 11. Therefore, the sunlight collected by the concave mirror 11 can be used as a light source for the solar cell 71, and the power generation efficiency per unit area of the solar cell 71 can be increased. That is, the 13th
As shown in the graph of the figure, in the past, the amount of power generation was small because the amount of light was small (M in the figure), but in this example, the amount of light increases, so the amount of power generated also increases significantly (M in the figure). N). Note that the curve indicates the relationship between the amount of power generated and the amount of light in the solar cell 71.

The concave mirror 11 in the first to third embodiments is as follows:
A mirror made of glass is preferable because it has the best reflection efficiency, but it may also be made of plastic or stainless steel (this concave mirror made of stainless steel is preferred because it is easy to maintain).

In recent years, the idea that the increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is having a negative impact on the global environment has come into focus. Technology using this is the most desirable because there is no need to worry about polluting the air.

The concave mirror preferably has a cylindrical shape with an open top as in the above embodiments, but it may also have a cylindrical shape with a parabola or a spherical shape with an open top.

Further, the fluid supplied to the inside of the pipe 21°61 in the first and second embodiments is not limited to water.

Note that the same reference numerals in each figure indicate the same or corresponding parts.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in the present invention, since the light receiving member is always moved to the focal position of the reflecting mirror by the moving means, sunlight can be focused on the light receiving member without moving the reflecting mirror, and the entire device can be made smaller.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are diagrams showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the arrangement relationship between a concave mirror and a pipe, and FIGS. A side view and a front view of the fluid heating device, and FIGS. 4 to 8 are diagrams showing the principle of the present invention, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the trajectory of the sun, and FIGS. 5A and 5B are morning time 6A and 6B are front sectional views and side views showing the optical path of sunlight at daytime, and FIGS. 7A and 7B are evening time views. 8 is a side view showing the movement of the focal position of the concave mirror, and FIG. 9 is a system showing a system for obtaining hot water by the fluid heating device according to the first embodiment. 10 is a system diagram of an experimental apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a partially sectional perspective view of a heating device having a pipe, and FIG. FIG. 13 is a graph for explaining the third embodiment, and FIG. 14 is a side view of a conventional heating device. 11... Reflecting mirror (concave mirror), 21.61... Light receiving member (pipe), 25... Moving means (cylinder), 1... Light receiving member Fl. A to A3 L... Sunlight. (Solar cell) ・・・focal position,

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A reflecting mirror that collects sunlight, a light-receiving member disposed at the focal position of the reflecting mirror, and a light-receiving member disposed at the focal position that changes with movement of the optical path of the sunlight. 1. A solar light condensing device comprising a means for moving sunlight. 2. The sunlight according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting mirror is a concave mirror that is formed vertically and curved in the horizontal direction, and is arranged with its longitudinal direction facing east and west. condensing device. 3. The light-receiving member is disposed inside the concave mirror so as to face the longitudinal direction, and is further raised and lowered by the moving means, and is configured with a pipe into which fluid is supplied. 2. The sunlight condensing device according to 1 or 2.