JPH0313706A - Smoke-purifying apparatus for chimney - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide optimum operation under any operation condition, normal or transition operation, by forming, at an in-take opening and a combustion chamber, a venturi pipe forming a narrow channel at a transition part between both members, and allocating an air-inlet chamber at the center of the in take opening. CONSTITUTION: Both air currents, a smoke coming into a device and an additional air, are surely separated until they become confluent at the narrow channel 3 of the venturi pipe formed at an in take opening 1 and a combustion chamber 9. In the narrow channel region, a low pressure occurs due to aerodynamic action of smoke current within the venturi pipe, so no reflux of smoke occurs through an air-inlet chamber 4 under any operation condition. Here, the air-inlet chamber 4 is allocated at the center in a smoke taking-in opening, so the venturi pipe performs optimum air taking-in action. Since the air taking-in action does not depend on a mechanical means, no inertia represents itself even at start or transition, naturally adapting to current flow amount of smoke at any times. Thus, effective operation is provided under all conditions.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention comprises an intake port, an intake chamber for additional air, a combustion chamber provided downstream of the intake port and the intake chamber, and a heating element heated to a high temperature. The present invention relates to a smoke purification device for a chimney, etc., which includes an ignition member disposed within a combustion chamber, and an outlet connected to the downstream side of the combustion chamber.

As is known in the art, smoke from civil and industrial chimneys contains, together with ash and other solid combustion residues, the result of poor combustion (-carbon oxides).

unburned hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, etc.) and those resulting from the combustion of impurities contained in smoke-producing fuel materials (such as sulfur dioxide). These pollute the environment significantly and also foul chimney discharge ducts; furthermore, substances such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide combine with water to form highly corrosive acids. Therefore, it is necessary to purify smoke emitted from private and industrial chimneys to separate buried solid materials, and to chemically transform even highly polluting substances.

As devices for this purpose, electrostatic separators, liquid flow separators, filters, cyclones, gas feed reburners, catalytic reburners, etc. have been proposed. However, in most cases, such purifiers are expensive to install and operate, and are ineffective in normal applications.

Italian Patent No. 1,159,607 proposes a chimney operational purification device that includes a smoke intake, an annular intake chamber for additional air surrounding the intake, and an air blast acting on the total cross section of the five intakes and the annular intake chamber. a combustion chamber provided downstream of the blower, an ignition member having a heating element heated to a high temperature and disposed within the combustion chamber, and a filter means provided at an outlet of the combustion chamber.

and means for collecting solid residue separated by the filter means. In this device, a passage for smoke and a passage for additional air meet upstream of the blower, and an ignition member consisting of a reflective hollow member of stainless steel emits heat radiation from a heating element disposed within it. It is adapted to be concentrated within the hollow member itself. Another Italian patent No. 1,184,021 is an improvement on the above device, in particular improving the ventilation means.

Problem to be Solved by the Invention This improvement provides a considerable improvement and the operation under normal conditions is satisfactory. However, problems caused by the inertia of the blowing means occur mainly at the time of starting and during transition operations. If the blowing means is driven only by the gas flow and not by the motor, there will be some delay before effective intake action is reached during starting and acceleration, and therefore the return of smoke through the intake chamber will be reduced. This may occur.

The object of the invention is to make it possible to obtain effective additional air without the use of blowing means, thereby avoiding the disadvantages caused by inertia and fundamentally overcoming the disadvantages of the known devices mentioned above.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can perform optimal operation under both normal operation and transition operation conditions.

Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, in the apparatus mentioned at the beginning, the intake port and the combustion chamber form a venturi pipe having a narrow passage at the transition portion between these two members, and the intake chamber is connected to the combustion chamber. The intake chamber communicates with the surrounding air through a duct that crosses the intake.

The above object is achieved by extending to the narrow passage of the venturi pipe formed by the intake port and the combustion chamber.

OPERATION The above ensures that the streams of smoke and additional air entering the device are separated until they meet in the narrow passage of the Venturi tube formed by the intake and the combustion chamber. In this narrow passage area, the aerodynamic action of the smoke flow inside the venturi tube creates a low pressure, so that under all operating conditions there is no smoke recirculation through the intake chamber, and the intake chamber is centered within the smoke intake. , the Venturi tube can perform optimal intake action. Since the intake action is not based on mechanical means, there is no inertia at the start or transition.

Always adapts naturally to the current flow of smoke.

Preferably, the ignition member is located within the combustion chamber.

The element transmits the thermal radiation generated by the heating element in it,
It is heated to a temperature that emits heat radiation accompanied by light radiation in the bright red region.

Since the ignition member is translucent, the radiation from the heating element can spread and affect the entire space of the combustion chamber surrounding the ignition member. By choosing to do so, a very large photochemical effect can be obtained and the oxidation of unburned matter in the smoke by oxygen in the smoke and inlet additional air can be promoted.

Therefore, the device of the invention can operate effectively under all conditions.

Example The present invention will be described in detail below using examples.

1 and 2 are scale sectional views showing the smoke purifying device for a chimney according to the present invention. FIGS. 1 and 2 show the entire device, the lower part of FIG. The upper part of FIG. 2 shows the lower part of the figure.

In FIG. 2, an inlet 1 is connected and fixed to the outlet end of a chimney or other smoke emitting duct and serves to receive smoke from the chimney or the like and to direct the smoke to the working parts of the device. Intake port 1
The part 2 adjacent to the duct has a passage whose cross section gradually decreases to form a narrow passage 3 in which the smoke inlet 1 ends. An intake chamber 4 is provided on the central axis of the smoke intake port 1. The intake chamber 4 communicates with the surrounding atmosphere via a duct 5 (the cross section of which is shown in the left-hand part of FIG. 2) and terminates in an outlet 6 at the same level as the narrow passage 3 of the smoke intake 1. The bottom of the intake chamber 4 is closed by a pointed arch member 7. Even if there is an intake chamber 4, the provision of this pointed arch member 7 will not block the smoke entering the intake port 1.The pointed arch member 7 is made of a catalytically reactive material, It is advantageous to cause the smoke that hits the arch member to undergo a first chemical change. For example, if the pointed arch member 7 is made of brass casting with a high composition ratio of copper and silicon alloy, the nitrogen oxide contained in the smoke will be reduced. Particularly effective against objects. The outlet 6 of the intake chamber 4 is provided with a second pointed arch member 8 to facilitate the flow of additional air.

The combustion chamber 9 begins at the narrow passage 3 of the smoke intake 1 .

In this combustion chamber 9, smoke from the intake ports 1, 2 and additional air from the intake chamber 4 are combined. Since the internal cross section of the combustion chamber 9 gradually increases from a narrow path, the intake ports 1 and 2 and the combustion chamber 9
The narrow passage 3 of this Venturi tube connects to the intake chamber 4.As is well known, low pressure is generated in the narrow passage due to the aerodynamic action of the flow inside the Venturi tube. . Due to this low pressure, additional air can be drawn in via the intake chamber 4 without the use of mechanical displacement elements.

Further, an ignition member 10 is provided within the combustion chamber 9 and is formed into an annular tip shape from a material that is resistant to high temperatures and transparent to heat radiation. A particularly suitable material for the above material is crystal.0 Ignition member 10
The ignition member 10, whose top side is closed by an annular cover 11 of the same material, is supported by a frame 12. Pointed arch member 8
The frame 12 connected to the frame 12 terminates in a plate 13 on which the ignition member 10 is placed. Preferably, an insulating filler such as asbestos is interposed between the ignition member 10 and the plate 13. The interior space of the frame 12 may be filled with steel bristles that catalyze the mixture of smoke and additional air.

Iron-plated electrical resistor 1 placed inside the ignition member 10
4 to obtain a temperature corresponding to the light emission of the bright red area. This light radiation actually has an extremely strong photochemical effect on the surrounding smoke, and it has been found that it also works effectively for reburning. The reburning effect is mainly due to the oxygen contained in the additional air and acts on the unburned gases, especially - carbon oxides, carbon residues, unburned hydrocarbons. The light radiation from the resistor 14 spans the entire space of the combustion chamber 9, since the ignition member 10 is made of a material that is transparent to this light radiation. Since the inside of the combustion chamber 9 becomes relatively high temperature as a result of the reburning, it is preferable to cover the chamber wall of the combustion chamber 9 with an insulating material 15. The walls of the combustion chamber 9 may be made of stainless steel, which contains nickel and chromium and thus has a useful catalytic effect on smoke.

A frame 16 is provided above the ignition member 10, the bottom part of this frame supports the cover 11 of the ignition member via an insulating member 17, and the tip part supports the purifying means 18 shown in FIG.

The purification means 18 comprises a mesh of catalytically reactive material. Net 1
8 is formed in a spiral shape, and includes a support cone 19 and a surrounding wall 20.
will be placed between the Preferably, the mesh 18 is made of tantalum or other catalytic elements, such as iridium or indium, or coated with such elements. It is also advantageous for the network 18 to have a 2WI structure. Furthermore, a copper spiral body 40 extending from the central cone 19 is attached to the spiral net 1.
The spiral bodies, which may be arranged in parallel along 8, do not exert a catalytic effect on the gas that strikes them, but impart a rotational motion. Due to this rotational movement, the gas is subjected to centrifugal force,
The solid residue is transferred to the side of the surrounding wall 20. Since the surrounding wall is perforated and the deflector 21 is attached, the solid residue falls downward outside the surrounding wall 20. An outer casing 22 is provided surrounding the wall 20 and the lower portion of the device described above. The casing 22 forms an annular collection chamber 23 in which the solid residues separated from the smoke as described above are collected. The bottom of the collection chamber 23 forms an inclined base 24 . Several removable perimeter hatches 25 are provided to allow periodic removal of solid residues collected within the chamber 23.

Preferably, a pipe 26 is provided, one end 27 of which opens into the distal part of the collection chamber 23 and the other end 28 of which opens into the inlet 2 near the narrow passage 3. This prevents the occurrence of overpressure that would prevent solid residue from entering the collection chamber. Although the pipe 26 is shown as being provided on the cross section of the drawing for convenience, it can of course be provided at any position, and there is no need to penetrate the duct 5 for introducing additional air.

The upper part 29 of the cone 19 expands to cover the outlet of the device and prevent atmospheric sediment from entering the device. Preferably, several slots 30 are formed to allow solid residues that may still be present in the bleaching to enter into the widened portion 29 of the cone 19. A removable collection basket 31 for receiving solid residues 32 is disposed within the expanded portion 29. The chamber housing this basket is covered with a removable lid forming a roof 33 with a ventilation pipe 34.

It is also advantageous to use the external wall to form an annular passage 36 for air convection around the upper eight ports of the device.By providing the 0 passage 36, the incoming smoke draws in some air, allowing the atmosphere to This is because it is diluted and cooled before being released into the air. The outer wall 35 is supported by radial spacers 37,38. If necessary, a net 39 suspended from the upper portion 29 is used to surround the detection port of the device to reliably prevent atmospheric sediment from entering.

Of course, by making one or more of the above-mentioned changes, a device can be obtained that is compatible with practical requirements such as different smoke flow rates, different smoke compositions, different ventilation conditions, etc. For example, in place of the iron-plated resistor 14.

Other types of current-carrying heating elements can be used, such as helical resistors or induction heating elements. The shape of the ignition member can also be varied. Several ignition members may be provided at appropriate intervals within the combustion chamber, the arrangement of the catalytically reactive members may be changed, and the types of catalytic elements may be increased or decreased.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing the upper part of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the lower part of the same. 1...Intake port 2...Reduced diameter portion of intake port 3...Narrow passage of Venturi tube 4...Intake chamber 5
...Intake duct 6...Outlet lower part of intake chamber...Inlet pointed arch member 8...Outlet pointed arch member 9...Combustion chamber 10...Ignition member 11...Ignition member Cover 12...Ignition member support frame 13...Support plate 14...
Iron-plated electrical resistor 15...insulating material
16... Purifying device support frame 17... Insulating member 18... Purifying means 19... Internal support cone 20... Surrounding wall 2]... Deflector
22... Outer casing 23... Collection chamber 24... Inclined base 25...
Detachable hatch 26...Connection pipe 27...
・Upper end of connecting pipe 28...Lower end of connecting pipe 29...Upper expanding portion of internal cone 30・
...Slot 31...Removable basket 32.
...Solid residue 33...Roof cover body 34
... Ventilation pipe 35 ... External wall 36.
...Annular convection passage 37.38...Spacer
39... Suspension net 40... Copper spiral body

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device comprising an intake port, an intake chamber for additional air, a combustion chamber provided downstream of the intake port and the intake chamber, and a heating element heated to a high temperature, and disposed within the combustion chamber. In a smoke purification device for a chimney, the smoke purification device is equipped with an ignition member that is connected to the combustion chamber, and an outlet connected to the downstream side of the combustion chamber. The intake chamber is arranged in the center of the intake, and the intake chamber communicates with the surrounding air through a duct that crosses the intake, and extends to the narrow passage of the Venturi pipe formed by the intake and the combustion chamber. A smoke purification device for a chimney, characterized in that: 2. In claim 1, the ignition member disposed within the combustion chamber is formed of at least one body capable of transmitting thermal radiation generated by a heating element therein, and the heating element transmits light radiation in a bright red region. A smoke purification device for a chimney, characterized in that it is heated to a temperature that radiates heat. 3. The chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that the portion of the additional air intake chamber facing the smoke intake port has a pointed arch shape, and the pointed arch shaped portion is made of a material with catalytic action. Smoke purification device. 4. The smoke purification device for a chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that a pointed arch member connected to the support frame for the ignition member is provided at the outlet of the additional air intake chamber. 5. In claim 1, the ignition member is formed in the shape of an annular cup, and the material of the cup is heat-resistant and transparent to the thermal radiation emitted by the heating element in the cup, preferably made of quartz. A smoke purification device for a chimney, which is characterized by: 6. Smoke purification for a chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber walls of the combustion chamber are made of or coated with a catalytically active material, and the combustion chamber is surrounded by a thermally insulating material. Device. 7. In claim 1, a catalytic purifier is provided at the outlet of the combustion chamber to perform a centrifugal separation action on solid particles carried with the smoke, and the catalytic purifier preferably has a two-layer spiral structure. 1. A smoke purification device for a chimney, characterized in that the screen is formed as a net and is mounted between a central support member and a peripheral wall having holes communicating with a chamber for the collection of separated solid particles. 8. A smoke purification device for a chimney according to claim 7, characterized in that the collection chamber has a discharge hatch and a pipe having an end opening into the smoke inlet to prevent overpressure. 9. A smoke purifying device for a chimney according to claim 7, characterized in that the spiral mesh is made of tantalum or a similar element, or is coated with the element, and is combined with a spiral copper member. . 10. Claim 7, further comprising a cover member provided with slots for separating and collecting solid residual particles downstream of the catalytic clarifier, a removable basket disposed within the cover member, and a removable basket disposed within the cover member. A smoke purification device for a chimney, characterized in that a roof with a ventilation pipe is attached to the roof.