JPH03127870A - Photodiode - Google Patents

Photodiode

Info

Publication number
JPH03127870A
JPH03127870A JP1267498A JP26749889A JPH03127870A JP H03127870 A JPH03127870 A JP H03127870A JP 1267498 A JP1267498 A JP 1267498A JP 26749889 A JP26749889 A JP 26749889A JP H03127870 A JPH03127870 A JP H03127870A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
layer
photodiode
multilayer film
electrode
window
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1267498A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshinobu Omae
大前 義信
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shimadzu Corp
Original Assignee
Shimadzu Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shimadzu Corp filed Critical Shimadzu Corp
Priority to JP1267498A priority Critical patent/JPH03127870A/en
Publication of JPH03127870A publication Critical patent/JPH03127870A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent an incident light from the part excluding a photodetecting window for improving the rapid responsiveness by a method wherein a multilayer film reflector is provided on the part excluding the photodetecting window of an incident light surface. CONSTITUTION:Respective layers are successively crystal-grown on an n<+>InP substrate 7 and after forming a diffused layer 3, a reflection preventive film 2 is formed in a photodetecting part on a window layer 4. Next, multilayer film reflector 9 is formed on the part corresponding to the peripheral part of an upper electrode 1 so as to provide the upper part electrode 1. On the other hand, the multilayer film reflector 9 is composed of TiO2/SiO2 to give a different refractive index. Accordingly, the incident light from the electrode peripheral part is reflected upward by the multilayer film reflector layer 9 not to reach the inside of a photodiode. Through these procedures, any electron hole coupling in the layer excluding a depletion layer can be avoided thereby enabling the rapid responsiveness of the title photodiode to be improved.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、フォトダイオード、特に、光伝送や光情報処
理、および、計測の分野などに利用されるフォトダイオ
ードに関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a photodiode, and particularly to a photodiode used in the fields of optical transmission, optical information processing, and measurement.

(従来の技術) 第2図は、従来の光通信用フォトダイオードの一例の断
面図である。図中、1は上部電極、21は受光窓、2は
反射防止膜、3はp十領域である拡散層、4はn−In
Pのウィンドウ層、5はn−−InGaAsの光吸収層
、6はn−−InPのバッファ層、7はn”−InPの
基板、8は下部電極であり、n”−InPの基板7の上
に各層を順次結晶成長させた積層構造を有している。拡
散層3は、円形状のパターンを有する拡散マスクを用い
て、Znを選択拡散することにより形成されたものであ
り、拡散層3の周縁には、上部電極1が形成され、n”
−InPの基板7の下に、下部電極8が設けられている
。反射防止膜2は、SiNx膜、SiO2膜などの絶縁
性の膜であり、製造工程においては、ウィンドウ層4の
全面に形成される。その後、エツチングによりコンタク
トホールが開けられ、リング状の上部電極1が設けられ
る。
(Prior Art) FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a conventional photodiode for optical communication. In the figure, 1 is an upper electrode, 21 is a light receiving window, 2 is an antireflection film, 3 is a diffusion layer that is a p-domain region, and 4 is an n-In
5 is a light absorption layer of n--InGaAs, 6 is a buffer layer of n--InP, 7 is a substrate of n"-InP, 8 is a lower electrode, and 5 is a light absorption layer of n--InP. It has a laminated structure in which each layer is sequentially grown as a crystal. The diffusion layer 3 is formed by selectively diffusing Zn using a diffusion mask having a circular pattern, and the upper electrode 1 is formed on the periphery of the diffusion layer 3.
- A lower electrode 8 is provided under the InP substrate 7 . The antireflection film 2 is an insulating film such as a SiNx film or a SiO2 film, and is formed on the entire surface of the window layer 4 in the manufacturing process. Thereafter, a contact hole is opened by etching, and a ring-shaped upper electrode 1 is provided.

上部電極1を受光窓2を除く全面に設けることも考えら
れるが、素子容量が大きくなり、素子の応答速度が遅く
なる欠点がある。したがって、上部電極lは、リング状
に設けるのが一般的であり、反射防止膜2は、コンタク
トホールの部分を除き、受光窓21、電極下部および電
極周囲部分22に形成されているものである。
Although it is conceivable to provide the upper electrode 1 on the entire surface except for the light-receiving window 2, this has the disadvantage that the element capacitance becomes large and the response speed of the element becomes slow. Therefore, the upper electrode l is generally provided in a ring shape, and the antireflection film 2 is formed on the light receiving window 21, the lower part of the electrode, and the surrounding area 22 of the electrode, except for the contact hole part. .

このような、従来のフォトダイオードにおいては、電極
周囲部分22からも光が入射し、入射した光が、光吸収
層で吸収され、発生した電子が拡散により空乏層に達し
検出電流となる。第3図は、フォトダイオードの面感度
分布の一例を示すものであるが、受光窓より入射した光
による中央の高い感度の部分に加えて、その周囲を取り
巻いて、電極周囲部分からのリング状に山となった感度
の部分が存在する。この電極周囲部分からの検出電流は
、上述したように拡散によるものであり、速度が遅いか
ら、素子の応答速度を遅くするという問題がある。
In such a conventional photodiode, light is also incident from the electrode surrounding portion 22, the incident light is absorbed by the light absorption layer, and the generated electrons reach the depletion layer by diffusion and become a detection current. Figure 3 shows an example of the surface sensitivity distribution of a photodiode. In addition to the central high-sensitivity area due to light incident through the light receiving window, there is also a ring-shaped area surrounding the area from the surrounding area of the electrode. There is a part of the sensitivity that has become a peak. This detection current from the surrounding area of the electrode is due to diffusion as described above and is slow, so there is a problem that it slows down the response speed of the element.

第4図は、パルス応答特性を示すものであるが、従来の
フォトダイオードは、(B)図に示すように、パルス的
な光に対して、拡散キャリヤーのために波尾が尾を引き
、高速応答性がよくないものである。そのため、第5図
に示す周波数応答特性においても、曲線Bとして図示し
たように高域における変調出力が低下している。
Figure 4 shows the pulse response characteristics.As shown in Figure (B), conventional photodiodes produce wave tails in response to pulsed light due to diffused carriers. The high-speed response is not good. Therefore, also in the frequency response characteristics shown in FIG. 5, the modulation output in the high frequency range is reduced as shown by curve B.

(発明が解決しようとする課題) 本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたもので、受光
窓以外からの入射光を防止して、フォトダイオードの高
速応答性を改善することを目的とするものである。
(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to improve the high-speed response of a photodiode by preventing incident light from other than the light-receiving window. It is something.

(課題を解決するための手段) 本発明は、フォトダイオードにおいて、光入射面の受光
窓を除く部分に多層膜反射鏡を設けたことを特徴とする
ものである。
(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is characterized in that, in a photodiode, a multilayer film reflecting mirror is provided on a portion of a light incident surface excluding a light receiving window.

多層膜反射鏡として、TiO2/Si○2からなる多層
膜反射鏡を用いることができる。
As the multilayer reflector, a multilayer reflector made of TiO2/Si○2 can be used.

多層膜反射鏡として、半導体多層膜反射鏡を用いること
ができる。
A semiconductor multilayer film reflector can be used as the multilayer film reflector.

(作 用) フォトダイオードにおいて、電極周囲部分からの入射光
は、多層膜反射層により上方へ反射され、フォトダイオ
ード内部に到達することがないから、空乏層以外での電
子−ホール対の発生がなく、フォトダイオードの高速応
答性の向上を図ることができるものである。
(Function) In a photodiode, incident light from the surrounding area of the electrode is reflected upward by the multilayer reflective layer and does not reach the inside of the photodiode, so that electron-hole pairs are not generated outside the depletion layer. Therefore, it is possible to improve the high-speed response of the photodiode.

(実施例) 第1図は、本発明のフォトダイオードの一実施例を示す
ものであり、(A)図は断面図、(B)図は電極部周辺
の拡大断面図である。第3図と同様な部分は同じ符号を
付して説明を省略する。したがって、この実施例におい
ては、ウィンドウ層4より下の層は、第3図と同様であ
るが、この実施例においては、反射防止膜2を受光窓に
形成し、受光窓以外の部分には、多層膜反射鏡9が設け
られている。多層膜反射鏡9は、異なる屈折率を持たせ
るため、T 102 / S 102からなるもので、
その厚みは、受光する光の波長λの174n(nは屈折
率)とされる。
(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the photodiode of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a sectional view and FIG. 1B is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of an electrode portion. Components similar to those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Therefore, in this embodiment, the layers below the window layer 4 are the same as those shown in FIG. , a multilayer film reflecting mirror 9 is provided. The multilayer film reflecting mirror 9 is made of T 102 / S 102 in order to have different refractive indexes.
Its thickness is 174n (n is the refractive index) of the wavelength λ of the received light.

その製造工程を説明すると、n” −4nPの基板7の
上に各層を順次結晶成長させ、拡散層を形成させた後、
ウィンドウ層4の上の受光窓部分に反射防止膜2を形成
する。次いで、上部電極の周辺部に相当する部分に上述
した多層膜反射鏡を形成し、上部電極1を設ける。
To explain the manufacturing process, each layer is sequentially crystal-grown on the n''-4nP substrate 7, and a diffusion layer is formed.
An antireflection film 2 is formed on the light receiving window portion on the window layer 4. Next, the multilayer film reflector described above is formed in a portion corresponding to the peripheral portion of the upper electrode, and the upper electrode 1 is provided.

なお、反射防止膜を全面に形成し、上述したように、上
部電極の周辺部に相当する部分に多層膜反射鏡を形成し
た後、エツチングによりコンタクトホールを、作成して
上部電極1を設けるようにしてもよい。
In addition, after forming an antireflection film on the entire surface and forming a multilayer film reflector in a portion corresponding to the peripheral area of the upper electrode as described above, a contact hole is created by etching and the upper electrode 1 is provided. You may also do so.

以上、フォトダイオードとして、InGaAs系のもの
について説明したが、Ge、Si系など他の系のフォト
ダイオードにも本発明が適用できることは明かである。
Although the InGaAs-based photodiode has been described above, it is clear that the present invention can be applied to other photodiodes such as Ge and Si-based photodiodes.

この場合、多層膜各層の厚みは、使用波長λに応じて、
λ/ 4 nにされることは勿論である。
In this case, the thickness of each layer of the multilayer film depends on the wavelength λ used.
Of course, it is set to λ/4n.

また、多層膜反射鏡も、T 102 / S i O2
に限らず、他の誘電体を用いることができる。また、半
導体多層膜を用いることもできる。
In addition, the multilayer reflective mirror also has T 102 / Si O2
However, other dielectric materials can be used. Moreover, a semiconductor multilayer film can also be used.

(発明の効果) 以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、空乏
層の部分以外での、遅い拡散電流成分がなくなるため、
パルス応答特性も第4図(A)に示すように良好であり
、周波数特性も第5図の曲線Aに示すように高域まで延
びたものとなり、高速応答性に優れたフォトダイオード
を提供できる効果がある。
(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, there is no slow diffusion current component in areas other than the depletion layer.
The pulse response characteristics are also good as shown in Figure 4 (A), and the frequency characteristics extend to high frequencies as shown in curve A in Figure 5, making it possible to provide a photodiode with excellent high-speed response. effective.

また、波長依存性のない反射層を用いたから、あらゆる
波長帯のフォトダイオードに適用することができる。
Furthermore, since a reflective layer without wavelength dependence is used, it can be applied to photodiodes in any wavelength band.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第工図は、本発明のフォトダイオードの一実施例の断面
図、第2図は、従来のフォトダイオードの断面図、第3
図は、第2図のフォトダイオードの面感度分布の特性図
、第4図は、パルス応答特性の説明図、第5図は、周波
数応答特性の説明図である。 l・・・上部電極、2・・・受光窓、3・・・拡散層、
4・・・ウィンドウ層、5・・・光吸収層、6・・・バ
ッファ層、7・・・基板、8・・・下部電極、9・・・
多層膜反射鏡。
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the photodiode of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a conventional photodiode, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the photodiode of the present invention.
These figures are characteristic diagrams of surface sensitivity distribution of the photodiode shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of pulse response characteristics, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of frequency response characteristics. l... Upper electrode, 2... Light receiving window, 3... Diffusion layer,
4... Window layer, 5... Light absorption layer, 6... Buffer layer, 7... Substrate, 8... Lower electrode, 9...
Multilayer reflector.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] フォトダイオードにおいて、光入射面の受光窓を除く部
分に多層膜反射鏡を設けたことを特徴とするフォトダイ
オード。
A photodiode characterized in that a multilayer film reflecting mirror is provided on a portion of a light incident surface other than a light receiving window.
JP1267498A 1989-10-13 1989-10-13 Photodiode Pending JPH03127870A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1267498A JPH03127870A (en) 1989-10-13 1989-10-13 Photodiode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1267498A JPH03127870A (en) 1989-10-13 1989-10-13 Photodiode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03127870A true JPH03127870A (en) 1991-05-30

Family

ID=17445689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1267498A Pending JPH03127870A (en) 1989-10-13 1989-10-13 Photodiode

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH03127870A (en)

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