JPH03126646A - Method and device for producing laminated glass - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a high quality laminated glass free from bubble inclusion by forming a plastisol layer with the thickness changed continuously on the surface of a glass sheet and attaching another glass sheet firmly to the former sheet from the thick-film part toward the thin-film part. CONSTITUTION:The film forming plastisol 10 (e.g. epoxy group-contg. vinyl chloride resin) in a tank 10 is sent to a coating part through a pump 11 and a strainer 12, the rotating speed of the reverse roll coater 21 set with a specified gap against the glass sheet 1 is controlled, and the plastisol is applied with the thickness changed monotonously to form a plastisol layer 4 on the glass sheet 1. The glass sheet 1 coated with the plastisol layer 4 is sent to a lamination part, a glass sheet 5 is continuously attached firmly to the sheet 1 from the thick plastisol part toward the thin part, air is driven out from the attached parts, and a laminated glass free from bubble inclusion is obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing laminated glass by forming a plastisol layer between a plurality of glass plates and then gelling the plastisol layer, and a method thereof. It relates to an apparatus for carrying out the invention.

Technical Background of the Invention Generally, laminated glass is produced by sandwiching a plastic film called an interlayer film, typically made of plasticized polyvinyl butyral, between two or more pieces of glass, and then degassing, pressurizing, and heating the film. It is manufactured by However, such general laminated glass manufacturing methods and devices require many steps and time, resulting in low productivity and high production costs.

Therefore, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-134539, the applicant of the present application applied a film-forming plastisol containing an epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin as an essential component to the surface of a glass plate to form a glass plate with a plastisol layer. Place another glass plate in close contact with the glass plate with the plastisol layer,
We have proposed a method for manufacturing laminated glass by heating these materials. According to this proposed method and device,
It is possible to omit the work associated with handling plastic film, such as cleaning, drying, cutting, and humidity conditioning, and also to omit the crimping process using an autoclave, allowing continuous online production of the series of processes. This makes it possible to manufacture laminated glass with high productivity.

However, in the above-mentioned proposed method and apparatus, the surface of the plastisol layer formed on the glass plate may become depressed due to surface tension, etc. Therefore, when the glass plate with the plastisol layer is When bonding the glasses together, there is a risk that the glass may be bonded with air remaining in the concave portions of the plastisol layer.
There is a problem that quality may be impaired.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention provides a method for manufacturing laminated glass that can effectively prevent air from entering the plastisol layer when another glass plate is brought into close contact with the glass plate with the plastisol layer, and The purpose is to provide equipment.

Summary of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the method for manufacturing laminated glass according to the present invention is to apply a film-forming plastisol to the surface of a glass plate so that the thickness monotonically changes, thereby forming a plastisol layer on the glass plate. The plastisol layer is formed on a glass plate and has a structure in which another glass plate is brought into close contact with the plastisol layer from the thickest part to the thinnest part of the glass plate.

Further, the laminated glass manufacturing apparatus according to the invention includes a coating means for forming a plastisol layer on the glass plate by applying a film-forming plastisol to the surface of the glass plate so that the thickness changes monotonically; The glass plate on which the plastisol layer is formed has a structure that includes an adhering means for continuously adhering another glass plate from the thicker part to the thinner part of the glass plate.

In a means having such a structure, when another glass plate is laminated to the glass plate with a plastisol layer, the plastisol layer is continuously brought into close contact with the plastisol layer from the thickest part to the thinnest part. The shiso glass bonding process is carried out in such a way that air is constantly expelled to the outside from the contact area between the glass plate and the glass plate.

Detailed description of the invention Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

First, an overview of an example of an apparatus to which the method of the present invention is applied will be explained. Each apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is installed in order.

That is, a cleaning device 60 that sprays 2t-' of cleaning water onto the glass plate 1, a drying device 61 that sprays hot clean air 3 onto the glass plate 1 after cleaning, and a Apply film-forming plastisol to form plastisol layer 4
A coating device 62 for forming the plastisol layer 4 on the glass plate 1 and another glass plate 5 for forming the plastisol layer 4 on the glass plate 1.
a laminating device 63 that brings the glass laminate 6 into close contact with each other to form the glass laminate 6; a thickness correction device 64 that includes a roll 7 that applies pressure to the glass laminate 6 to adjust the thickness; and a heating furnace that heats the glass laminate 6. A heating/gelling device 65 equipped with 8 and a cooling device 66 equipped with a cooling roll 9 are arranged side by side in order, and the laminated glass 13 is finally formed by passing through each of these devices in order. ing.

Of these devices, in the above-mentioned □ coating device 62, the plastisol stored in the tongue 10 is fed into the application section through the strainer 12 by the □ pump 11.An example of application means is provided in the application section. A reverse roll coater is used.

That is, first, a reverse roll 21 is placed opposite to the surface of the glass plate 1 with a certain gap therebetween. The rotation direction of this reverse roll 21 is
The feeding direction of the glass plate 1 is set to be opposite to the feeding direction of the glass plate 1 at the portion facing the glass plate 1 .

□ On the outer circumferential surface of the reverse roll 21, a reserve plate 22 and a metering roll 23, which face each other at a certain distance, are placed in contact with each other, and the reverse roll 21 has a metering roll 23 which faces them at a certain distance. They are arranged with a gap between them, and the above-mentioned plastisol is fed and stored between the reserve plate 22 and the metering roll 23. Reference numerals 24 and 25 in the figure indicate doctor blades, which scrape off unnecessary plastisol adhering to the outer circumferential surface of the reverse roll 21 and the outer circumferential surface of the metering roll 23, respectively.

Further, the reverse roll 21 is controlled so that its rotational speed can be set to an arbitrary value. By adjusting the speed of this reverse roll 21, as shown in Fig. 2 (
a) or a glass plate 1 as shown in FIG. 2(b)
The coating thickness of plastisol on the top is controlled. That is, in the example shown in FIG. 2(a), a plastisol 4a having a wedge-shaped cross section is applied to the surface of the glass plate 1, and the coating thickness of the plastisol 4a is on the front side in the direction of movement of the glass plate 1. The thickness increases linearly from the right end side in FIG. 2(a) toward the rear. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 2(b), plastisol 4 is formed in a dome-like cross-section on the surface of the glass plate 1.
b is applied, and the coating thickness of the plastisol 4b is on the front side in the direction of movement of the glass plate l (the right end side in FIG. 2(b)).
It is changed so that it is once thickened in a curved manner from the center toward the center, and then thinned again in a curved manner from the center toward the rear side.

Furthermore, by changing the shape of the gap between the reverse roll 21 and the metering roll 23, the coating thickness of the plastisol 4C can be changed in the axial direction of the reverse roll 21 as shown in FIG. 2(C).

Alternatively, the plastisol 4C having a pyramidal shape as shown in FIG. 2(C) may be formed by using other coating means such as a mold in the coating section.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), a blade member 26 is used instead of the metering roll 23 in the above embodiment, and the blade member 26
Even if the applicator 62a is configured to linearly change the gap dimension in the width direction between the reverse roll 21 and the reverse roll 21, the plastisol 31 whose thickness changes linearly as shown in FIG. It can be formed similarly. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3(C), if the gap dimension in the width direction between the blade member 26 and the reverse roll 21 is changed in a curved manner, as shown in FIG.
Plastisol 4b whose thickness is varied in a curvilinear manner as shown in ) can be produced in a similar manner. The above coating shape is just an example, and various shapes can be obtained depending on the bonding method described later.

On the other hand, returning to FIG. 1, the glass plate 1 with the plastisol layer 4 formed in the coating device 62 is sent to the laminating device 63.

In the laminating device 63, the glass plate 5 is attached to the plastisol layer 4.
It is superimposed on the attached glass plate 1.

At this time, as shown in FIGS. 4(a), 4(b) and 4(c), the glass plate 5 has plastisol layers 4a and 4b compared to the glass plate 1 with plastisol layer 4.

The thickness of 4c is continuously brought into close contact from the thickest part to the thinnest part. At that time, plastisol layers 4a, 4b, 4
c has fluidity, so the plastisol layers 4a, 4
Both glasses 1 and 5 are brought into close contact with each other continuously from the thickest part to the thinnest part of the plastisol layers 4a and 4c.
Air is constantly expelled to the outside from the close contact between the glass plates 5 and 4b and 4c, and the glass bonding process is carried out without bubbles.

The bonding speed for bonding the glass plate 5 onto the plastisol layer 4 formed on the surface of the glass plate 1 is determined by considering the viscosity and shape of the plastisol layer 4, and determines the bonding speed for bonding the glass plate 5 onto the plastisol layer 4 formed on the surface of the glass plate 1. Determined experimentally to prevent plastisol from protruding from the edges.

After the glass laminate 6 is formed by the lamination device 63, the glass laminate 6 is sent to the thickness correction device 64. In the thickness correction device 64, the thickness of the plus 0 thisol layer 4 is adjusted. However, the laminating device 63
Therefore, if the thickness of the plastisol layer 4 is controlled to be constant while positioning the glass 5 when forming the glass 5 on the plastisol layer 4, the thickness correction device 64 is not necessarily required.

The heating/gelling device 65 heats the glass laminate 6 to gel the plastisol layer 4 interposed between the glasses 1 and 5.

If the gelation of the plastisol layer 4 is insufficient, the transparency of the obtained laminated glass will decrease, and both the adhesive strength and the penetration resistance will be insufficient. Therefore, the heating temperature and time in the heating furnace 8 are set as described above. It is determined from such viewpoints. Specifically, although it varies depending on the composition and thickness of the plastisol layer 4, the heating method, etc., the heating temperature is generally 110°C to 23°C.
The temperature is preferably 0°C, and the heating time is preferably 1 second to 30 minutes.

The polymer for plastisol used in the present invention preferably has adhesive properties to glass and has the property of gelling without melting under appropriate heating conditions. Examples include resin.

In the present invention, the epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin is
1) A copolymer of vinyl chloride, a monomer having an epoxy group, and an optional monomer copolymerizable with these,
Typical examples include 2) a vinyl chloride copolymer with an epoxy group added thereto, and 3) a vinyl chloride copolymer dispersed with an epoxy group-containing resin that is compatible with the vinyl chloride copolymer.

In 1), examples of monomers having an epoxy group include glycidyl ethers of unsaturated alcohols such as allyl glycidyl ether and methallyl glycidyl ether;
glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate,
Glycidyl esters of unsaturated acids such as glycidyl-p-vinylbenzoate, methylglycidyl itaconate, glycidyl ethyl maleate, glycidyl vinyl sulfonate, glycidyl (meth)allylsulfonate, butadiene monoxide, vinylcyclohexene monooxide, 2-methyl Examples include epoxide olefins such as -5,6-nipoxyhexene.

In addition, monomers having epoxy groups and monomers that can be copolymerized with vinyl chloride as necessary include 1, fatty acid vinyls such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, olefins such as ethylene and propylene, and vinylidene chloride. , vinylidene halides such as vinylidene fluoride, vinyl ethers such as isobutyl vinyl ether, methyl vinyl ether, and cetyl vinyl ether, and allyl compounds such as allyl chloride and methyl allyl ether.

In order to obtain the vinyl chloride copolymer used in the present invention using these monomers, well-known methods for polymerizing vinyl chloride such as suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization can be employed.・. For example, when used as a plastisol, emulsion polymerization or microsuspension polymerization, which is a preferred method for producing vinyl chloride resin for paste processing, is preferred in order to maintain appropriate fluidity of the plastisol.

In 2), examples of the method for adding an epoxy group include a method in which the 3-vinyl chloride resin is dehydrochlorinated by heat treatment or contact with an alkali compound, and then epoxidized with an organic peracid or the like.

In 3), the epoxy group-containing resin refers to epoxy group □
It means a monomer having the following, and a monomer-copolymer that can be copolymerized with the monomer.

The content of epoxy groups in the epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin must be 0.5% by weight or more. Less than 0.5% by weight:
If not, the adhesion to the glass may be insufficient.

The degree of polymerization of the epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin is 600 to 3,
000 is desired. If it is smaller than 600, the penetration resistance strength of the laminated glass will decrease if the ratio of the epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin in the interlayer film of the present invention is large. If it is greater than 3,000, too much heat is required to gel the plastisol, which not only reduces productivity, but also causes discoloration or the need for a large amount of stabilizer. This results in increased manufacturing costs.

As the plasticizer 4 constituting the plastisol of the present invention, those generally referred to as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride can be widely used. For example, as a fatty acid plasticizer,
Examples of phthalic acid plasticizers include dioctyl adipate, butyl diglycol adipate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl sepacate, diisodecyl adipate, etc., and examples of phthalic acid plasticizers include dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, dilauryl phthalate, and dioctyl. Examples of the phosphoric acid plasticizer include tricylenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, trischloroethyl phosphate, trischloroethyl phosphite, and tributyl phosphate.

Examples of epoxy derivatives include epoxidized soybean oil and epoxy fatty acid monoester. Polyester plasticizers can also be used in some cases. The composition ratio of plasticizer in plastisol is 20 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin.
~80 parts by weight is suitable. If the amount of plasticizer is too large, the film strength 5 after heating and gelling will decrease, and if it is too small, it will become hard and the fluidity of the plastisol will not be ensured.

Further, it is desirable that the plastisol of the present invention contains a heat stabilizer and an ultraviolet absorber.

Examples of heat stabilizers include fatty acid alkylated tin compounds such as butyltin laurate, butyltin maleate, and octyltin maleate, and alkyltin-containing sulfur compounds such as di-normal octyltin bis(isooctylthioglycolic acid ester) salt. Suitably used. It is also possible to use a metal soap type stabilizer together with these.

Benzotriazole-based UV absorbers are excellent, such as 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methyl). phenyl)
5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-tert-butylphenyl)-5-
Chloro-benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-4'-octoxyphenyl)benzotriazole, etc. are preferably used.

6. Antioxidants, lubricants, fillers, colorants, etc. can be further added to plastisol as necessary. Phenolic antioxidants are excellent as antioxidants, such as 2,6-ditertiary-butyl-p-cresol,
2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'butylidenebis(3-
Methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4.4
'-thiobis(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and the like.

Furthermore, if necessary, in addition to vinyl chloride resin for paste processing that does not contain epoxy groups, resins that are compatible with vinyl chloride resin such as acrylic resin, crosslinking agents, thickeners, and diluents, silane-based and titanate-based Coupling agents and the like can be mixed with plastisol.

Plastisol is prepared by mixing a resin, a plasticizer, etc. with the above-mentioned materials and defoaming in accordance with a conventional method.

Since plastisol is in liquid form, it is easy to remove dust and foreign matter with a filter, etc.7, and it is stored and transported in a closed system such as a tank or pipeline, making quality control easy and automated. Also suitable for

Note that the present invention is not limited to the examples described below, and can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.

For example, the coating device 62, 62a is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 1.3, and any means for forming a plastisol layer of a predetermined shape on the surface of the glass 1 may be used.

Further, the laminating device 63 is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 1, and any means may be used as long as it is a means for laminating the glass plate 5 to the plastisol layer 4 at a predetermined laminating speed and angle.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention forms a plastisol layer whose thickness changes continuously on the surface of the glass plate when another glass plate is brought into close contact with the glass plate on which the plastisol layer has been formed. Since the other glass plates are brought into close contact with each other from the thickest part to the thinnest part, it is possible to effectively prevent air from entering the plastisol layer. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-quality laminated glass that does not contain bubbles while improving productivity.

[Example] The present invention will be described below with reference to more specific examples. Note that parts and percentages in Examples and Comparative Examples are based on weight unless otherwise specified.

First, plastisols A and B were prepared. Plastisol A consists of 100 parts of epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin consisting of 97% vinyl chloride and 3% glycidyl methacrylate with an average particle size of 1 μm and an average degree of polymerization of 1000, 45 parts of dioctyl adipate, 15 parts of dioctyl phthalate, and diptyltin polymercaptide. 4 parts of 2,2-methylenebis(4-methyl-6 tertiarybutylphenol) and 0.3 part of 2,2-methylenebis(4-methyl-6 tertiarybutylphenol) were mixed in a Hobart mixer, depressurized, and defoamed. The viscosity of this plastisol A was 4500 cP at 23°C.

Plastisol B consists of 93% vinyl chloride and 7% glycidyl methacrylate and has an average particle size of 0.8 μm1.
Epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin 1 with an average degree of polymerization of 1000
00 parts, same as plastisol A above, 45 parts of dioctyl adipate, 15 parts of dioctyl phthalate,
It was obtained by mixing 4 parts of diptyltin polymercaptide and 0.3 parts of 2,2-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) in a Hobart mixer, reducing the pressure, and defoaming. The viscosity of this plastisol B was 7000 cP at 23°C.

Example 1 A glass plate of 200 x 200 x 3 mm was used, and each of the above plastisols A was placed on this glass plate.
, B was applied to form a plastisol layer 4a having a wedge-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 2(a) so that the thickness varied linearly from 0.8 mm to 1.4 m.

Next, on such a plastisol layer material glass plate, 20
A glass plate measuring 0 x 200 x 3 mm is placed so that its edge is 1 mm away from the lower glass plate and at an angle of about 14 degrees to the lower glass plate. Over a period of seconds, the upper glass plate was gradually pushed down onto the plastisol layer on the lower glass plate until the upper and lower glass plates were parallel.

Table 1 shows the results of producing 10 such glass laminates and observing whether or not air bubbles were observed with the naked eye in the plastisol layer. The numbers in Group 1 indicate the number of defective products.

Example 2 The shape was as shown in Fig. 2(b), and the film thickness was 0.8 m.
The plastisol was applied in a curved manner from m to 1.4 m, and the upper glass plate was laminated onto the plastisol layer from the beginning parallel to the lower glass and towards the lower glass. An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 Plastisol was applied onto the lower glass plate to a uniform thickness of 11III+, and an experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 2.

The results are shown in Table 1.

1 table

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a process explanatory diagram showing an outline of a laminated glass manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2(a). (b) and (c) are external perspective views showing aspects of the plastisol shouldered glass plate formed according to the present invention, and Fig. 3 (
a), (b), and (c) are schematic explanatory views showing a coating device in another embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 4(a) and (b)
, (c) are explanatory side views showing the state of adhesion of the glass plate according to the present invention. 1... Glass plate 2... Washing water 3λ□... Heat purified air 2 2 4.4a, 4b, 4c... Plastisol layer 5... Glass plate 6... Glass laminate 7... roll
8... Heating furnace 9... Roll 10... Plastisol tank... Pump 13... Laminated glass plate... Reverse roll 2... Coating device 63... Laminating device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Film-forming plastisol is applied to the surface of the glass plate,
A plastisol layer is formed on a glass plate by coating so that the thickness changes monotonically, and other glass plates are brought into close contact from the thickest part to the thinnest part of the glass plate on which the plastisol layer is formed. A method for producing laminated glass characterized by: 2. Apply film-forming plastisol to the surface of the glass plate.
A coating means for forming a plastisol layer on a glass plate by coating so that the thickness monotonically changes, and a glass plate on which the plastisol layer is formed, closely attaching another glass plate from a thicker layer to a thinner layer. A laminated glass manufacturing apparatus characterized in that it is equipped with a laminating means for laminating the laminated glass.